JP2007502510A - Information recording medium and data recording and / or reproducing method and apparatus for information recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an information recording medium, an information recording medium, and a method for recording and / or reproducing data. This information recording medium is an information recording medium having one or more layers of information surface, and the entire or a partial area of the information recording medium The information is recorded in the protruding pits, or is recorded in the drawing pits, and the information about the protruding pits or the drawing pits is recorded. Therefore, tracking can be smoothly performed by the information about the protruding pit and the drawing pit, that is, push-pull polarity information.

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical information recording medium on which tracking polarity information is recorded according to a pit shape and a data recording and / or reproducing method.

  In general, an optical information recording medium is classified into a compact disc (CD) and a digital multifunctional disc (DVD) according to information recording capacity. Here, a mini disc (MD) having a disc diameter of 65 mm or less may be further added. Furthermore, a disc having a capacity of 20 GB or more has been developed.

  Such optical discs can be subdivided again into read-only discs and re-recordable discs. Read-only disks include CD-ROM (read only memory) and DVD-ROM, and recordable disks include CD ± R / RW, DVD ± R / RW, and DVD-RAM (random access memory). CD-R and DCD-R can be recorded only once, CD-RW and DVD-RW can be recorded and / or reproduced about 1000 times, and DVD-RAM has several hundred thousand times. Recording and / or playback is possible.

  Generally, data is recorded in pits on a read-only disc or a once-recordable disc, and a phase-change material is applied to a repetitively recordable disc and data is recorded by phase change. .

  A pickup provided in an optical disk recording and / or reproducing apparatus accurately follows a track on which user data is recorded, and reads user data by receiving a laser beam reflected from the track. A signal used for the pickup to follow the track is called a tracking signal. The tracking signal is obtained by adding or subtracting a signal obtained from light received by each light receiving portion after the laser beam is received from a photodiode having a light receiving portion divided into a plurality of portions. The tracking signal has an S-curve shape in which the left and right polarities are opposite to each other with respect to the center.

  The polarity of the tracking signal varies depending on the type of the optical disk, that is, the physical characteristics of the recording layer, for example, the physical shape of the pit and the physical shape of the track. For example, FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a case where the groove track G and the land track L are formed so as to be opposite to each other. In FIG. 1A, the tracking signal changes from (+) to (−), while in FIG. 1B, the tracking signal changes from (−) to (+). In this way, the polarity of the tracking signal is divided into two types, one changes from (−) to (+), and the other changes from (+) to (−). However, tracking signal processing varies depending on the polarity of the tracking signal. Therefore, there is a possibility that the reproduced data is not normally recognized when the tracking polarity is different. Accordingly, when the optical disc is loaded, the recording and / or reproducing apparatus grasps the polarity of the tracking signal through trial and error, and then follows the track on which the user data is recorded based on the grasped polarity information. Read data.

  Therefore, the conventional reproducing apparatus requires time for obtaining the polarity information of the tracking signal before reading the user data, which is one of the causes for delaying the immediate reproduction of the user data.

  One of the factors that change the tracking polarity is the physical shape of the pit. Although it is possible to form the pits with different physical shapes for each disc, conventionally, the tracking polarity information based on the physical shape of the pits is not separately recorded, so the reliability of data recording and / or reproduction is reduced. However, as described above, since it takes time to obtain information about the tracking polarity through a trial and error process, there is a problem that recording and / or reproducing time is delayed.

  The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is an optical information recording medium on which tracking polarity information according to pit shape, in particular, push-pull polarity information is recorded, and data recording and / or reproduction. It aims to provide a method.

  In order to achieve the above object, an information recording medium having one or more information surfaces, wherein information is recorded as protruding pits or recorded as lead-in pits in the whole or a partial area of the information recording medium. Information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is recorded.

  The information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is push-pull polarity information. The information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is recorded in front of the frame sync or the frame sync.

  The information recording medium includes a BCA (burst cutting area) area and a lead-in area, and information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit can be recorded in the BCA or the lead-in area.

  The protruding pit or the retracting pit may be formed as a wobbling pit.

  The data is decoded by exclusive OR of the push-pull polarity data and the data reproduced from the protruding pit or the drawn pit.

  In order to achieve the above object, a data recording and / or reproducing method according to the present invention is a method for recording and / or reproducing information on an information recording medium having at least one information surface. The method includes a step of recording information on the whole or a partial area in a protruding pit or a drawing pit, and a step of recording information on the protruding pit or the drawing pit.

  The method includes the steps of reproducing information about the protruding pit or the drawn pit, and recording / reproducing data on / from an information recording medium by performing tracking based on the reproduced push-pull polarity information.

  Additional aspects and / or advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally denote like elements. Embodiments are described below to illustrate the present invention by referring to the figures.

  In the optical information recording medium according to the present invention, data is recorded in the protruding pit 10 on the substrate 5 as shown in FIG. 2A, or recorded in the drawing pit 13 as shown in FIG. 2B. 10 or information about the service pit 13 is recorded.

  The information about the protruding pit 10 or the drawing pit 13 can be tracking polarity information, for example. When data is recorded in the protruding pit 10, the tracking signal may have a polarity that changes from (+) to (-). Further, when data is recorded in the lead-in pit 13, the tracking signal may have a polarity that changes from (−) to (+). As described above, since the polarity of the tracking signal varies depending on the pit shape, data cannot be normally recorded or reproduced unless the tracking signal processing is also performed.

  First, simulation results were shown to investigate the tracking signal characteristics. Here, the simulation conditions are as follows.

表１で、ＲＬＬ変調方式は、１ビットと１ビットとの間に０ビットが幾つであるかによる変調方式を表すものであって、ＲＬＬ（ｍ,ｋ）は、１ビットと１ビットとの間の０ビットの数が最小（ｍ）個であり、最大（ｋ）個であることを意味する。例えば、ＲＬＬ（１,７）は、１ビットと１ビットとの間の０ビットの数が１〜７個である方式を表す。この変調方式によれば、ｍ＝１であるとき、（１０１０１０１）のデータが記録され、１ビットと１ビットとの間に２Ｔの長さを有する。また、ｍ＝７であるとき、（１０００００００１０００００００１）のデータが記録され、１ビットと１ビットとの間に８Ｔの長さを有する。ここで、Ｔは、最小マーク、すなわち、最小ピット長を表す。したがって、ＲＬＬ（１,７）変調方式では、データが（２Ｔ−８Ｔ）の長さを有するピット及びスペースで記録される。

In Table 1, the RLL modulation method represents a modulation method according to how many 0 bits are between 1 bit and 1 bit, and RLL (m, k) is expressed as 1 bit and 1 bit. This means that the number of 0 bits in between is minimum (m) and maximum (k). For example, RLL (1, 7) represents a scheme in which the number of 0 bits between 1 bit and 1 bit is 1 to 7. According to this modulation method, when m = 1, data of (1010101) is recorded and has a length of 2T between 1 bit and 1 bit. When m = 7, data (1000000001000010001) is recorded and has a length of 8T between 1 bit and 1 bit. Here, T represents the minimum mark, that is, the minimum pit length. Therefore, in the RLL (1, 7) modulation method, data is recorded with pits and spaces having a length of (2T-8T).

  FIG. 3A shows an RF (Radio Frequency) signal and a DPD (Differential Phase Diode) signal when data is recorded in the protruding pit 10, and FIG. 3B shows that the data is recorded in the incoming pit 13. Represents an RF signal and a DPD signal. According to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the polarity of the DPD signal does not change depending on the pit shape.

  4A is a diagram showing a push-pull signal when data is recorded in the protruding pit 10, and FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a push-pull signal when data is recorded in the drawing pit 13. is there. 4A and 4B show that the polarity of the push-pull signal changes depending on the pit shape. Therefore, when reproducing information by a push-pull signal or implementing tracking, it is necessary to record tracking polarity information by a pit shape. Accordingly, the tracking polarity information can be push-pull polarity information in particular.

  Next, a method for recording tracking polarity information will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the optical information recording medium according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of data frames 15 and tracking polarity information, that is, push-pull polarity information. The push-pull polarity information may be recorded in a sync pattern in a frame sync 14 provided before a section including a predetermined number of data frames. The sync pattern may include a pattern that is not used as a user data pattern or a pattern composed of a combination of specific bits. An example of the sync pattern is shown in FIG.

  For example, the sync pattern may represent tracking polarity information by having a pattern in which the same data is repeatedly recorded. For example, when “1” is read continuously, the data is recorded as protruding pits. When “0” is read continuously, the data is recorded as drawn pits. Represents that.

  Alternatively, tracking polarity information, that is, push-pull polarity information can be recorded using a specific sync pattern. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, if data “010” is recorded in the frame sync 13, this data is “101” after tracking when the polarity changes from (+) to (−). If the data is reproduced, the data can be reproduced normally by processing the polarity of the tracking signal in reverse. Although FIG. 6A shows an example in which the tracking polarity information is recorded in the frame sync 14, it may be recorded in a predetermined area 12 on the front side of the frame sync 14 as shown in FIG. 6B. Thus, the tracking polarity information may be recorded using a partial area of the frame sync 14, or may be recorded in a separate area other than the frame sync.

  FIG. 7A is a schematic view of an information recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The information recording medium includes a clamping area C, a BCA area B, a lead-in area LI, a user data area U, and a lead-out area LO. The clamping area C refers to an area that is pressed by a clamping device for clamping a disc.

  Here, tracking polarity information can be recorded in the BCA area B. At the same time, in the BCA area B, specific information about the disc, that is, the serial number and the date of manufacture can be further recorded, but it is optional. On the other hand, FIG. 7A shows a case where the BCA area B is provided between the clamping area C and the lead-in area LI. However, as shown in FIG. 7B, the BCA area B is provided in front of the clamping area C. May be.

  When the tracking polarity information is recorded in the BCA area B, the tracking polarity information can be read before tracking after the disc is mounted on the drive and focused. Can be made.

  On the other hand, tracking polarity information may be recorded in the lead-in area LI instead of the BCA area B.

  FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a layout of a recordable information recording medium, and data can be recorded as pits in a partial area of the recordable information recording medium, for example, a lead-in area or a lead-out area. Information about the pit shape, that is, tracking polarity information is recorded in the lead-in area, and preferably in the disc-related information area.

  FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the layout of a read-only information recording medium, in which the tracking polarity information can be recorded in a disc-related information area provided in the lead-in area. Here, the tracking polarity information includes push-pull polarity information.

  When information is recorded by pits, for example, as shown in FIG. 9A, pits are recorded as straight pits arranged in a line, or as shown in FIG. 9B, pits are arranged in a wave shape. Can be recorded in the wobbling pit. When information is recorded in a straight pit, the information recorded in the pit is reproduced using a thumb channel, while tracking control is possible by DPD or push-pull. When tracking control is performed by push-pull, information on tracking polarity, that is, push-pull polarity information is required.

  In particular, when information is recorded in a wobbling pit, information can be recorded in the pit itself and additional information can be recorded in the wobble. Here, information by the wobbling pit itself can be reproduced using the thumb channel, and additional information recorded in the wobble can be reproduced using the push-pull channel.

  A wobbling pit may have a single pattern of pits and spaces having the same length. In the case of such a single pattern, there is no information in the pit itself, and information can be recorded in the wobble. At this time, a push-pull channel can be used as an information reproduction channel of the wobbling pit.

  When information is recorded by the wobbling pit, data can be recorded by various modulation methods. For example, information can be recorded by adopting at least one of a phase modulation method, a frequency modulation method, and an amplitude modulation method.

  Next, referring to FIG. 10, an optical information recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention records tracking polarity information in front of a predetermined data frame, and performs exclusive OR operation on the data read together with the tracking polarity information. To decrypt as the same data. Here, the tracking polarity information may be recorded in the frame sync.

  For example, a description will be given of a method of decoding using exclusive OR when the same information is recorded by a protruding pit and a drawing pit, respectively. First, when tracking a protruding pit, for example, the tracking polarity information is read as “0”, and the data is read as “11001. When the same information is recorded in the lead-in pits, the tracking polarity information for the lead-in pits is read as “1”, and the data is read as “00110 ...”. Referring to FIG. 11A, for example, when tracking polarity information is recorded as data “0” for a lead-in pit and the data detected from the nth data frame is “11001. Data decoded by exclusive OR with the data from the data frame appears as “11001 ...”.

  Further, referring to FIG. 11B, when the tracking polarity information is recorded as data “1” for the protruding pit and the data detected from the nth data frame is “00110. And the data decoded by the exclusive OR of the data from the data frame appear as “11001...”.

  In this way, by decoding the data by the exclusive OR of the tracking polarity data and the data reproduced from the pits, normal reproduction and restoration of the data regardless of whether it is a protruding pit or a drawn pit Is possible. In addition, the data to be decoded can be obtained without a change in the separate control operation.

  On the other hand, data read using tracking polarity information, that is, push-pull polarity information, can be output as decoded data immediately, or can be inverted and output as decoded data. That is, if the tracking polarity information is determined in a predetermined pattern and the read tracking polarity information is the same as the predetermined pattern, the data is decoded as it is, while if the tracking polarity information is different from the predetermined pattern, The polarity of the data signal is inverted and decoded.

  The information recording medium according to the present invention can be applied not only to a case where the information surface is a single layer but also to a multilayer information recording medium having two or more information surfaces.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a data recording and / or reproducing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 12, when an information recording medium is loaded in the disk drive (step 50), the optical pickup provided in the disk drive reads tracking polarity information, that is, push-pull polarity information (step 55). Here, the tracking polarity information is recorded according to the above-described embodiment, and a tracking signal is detected based on the tracking polarity information, and data is recorded and / or reproduced.

  Since the tracking polarity changes depending on the protruding pit 10 and the drawing pit 13 described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the tracking signal processing changes depending on the tracking polarity information. For example, when tracking polarity information is recorded in the BCA area B, after the information recording medium is loaded into the disk drive, focusing control is performed so that the tracking polarity information is read from the BCA area B before data is read. Tracking control and information reproduction become reliable.

  The disc drive performs tracking control immediately without trial and error based on the reproduced tracking polarity information, that is, push-pull polarity information, and records / reproduces data in / from the data area (step 60). That is, the optical pickup provides the read tracking polarity information to the disk drive, and the disk drive controls the optical pickup based on the provided information to record / reproduce data on / from the information recording medium.

  On the other hand, the data can be decoded by exclusive OR of the tracking polarity data and the data reproduced from the pits. Thereby, data can be decoded regardless of the tracking polarity.

  Alternatively, the data reproduced by the tracking polarity information can be output as decoded data immediately, or inverted and output as decoded data. That is, if the tracking polarity information is determined in a predetermined pattern and the read tracking polarity information is the same as the predetermined pattern, the data is decoded as it is, while if the tracking polarity information is different from the predetermined pattern, the data Decode by inverting the polarity of the signal.

  Next, FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing an information recording medium recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

  The recording / reproducing system according to the present invention includes a pickup unit 50, a recording / reproducing signal processing unit 60, and a control unit 70. More specifically, the recording / reproducing system includes a laser diode 51 that emits light, a collimating lens 52 that collimates the light emitted from the laser diode 51, a beam splitter 54 that converts a traveling path of incident light, An objective lens 56 that focuses the light that has passed through the beam splitter 54 onto the information recording medium D is provided.

The light reflected from the information recording medium D is reflected by the beam splitter 54 and received by a photodetector, for example, a quadrant photodetector 57. The light received by the photodetector 57 is converted into an electric signal through the arithmetic circuit unit 58 and detected as an RF signal, that is, a sum signal.
The signal is output to Ch1 and a differential signal channel Ch2 that detects a signal by a push-pull method.

  When the information recording medium is loaded, the control unit 70 irradiates a beam through the pickup unit 50 and reads a signal read from the information recording medium through the signal processing unit 60. At this time, the beam reflected from the information recording medium D is input to the photodetector 57 through the objective lens 56 and the beam splitter 54. The signal input to the photodetector 57 is converted into an electrical signal by the arithmetic circuit unit 58 and output as an RF signal.

  The signal processing unit 60 processes the data signal based on the tracking polarity information read from the information recording medium. The control unit 70 controls the pickup unit 50 using the data processed by the signal processing unit 60.

  In the information storage medium according to the present invention, the tracking polarity information (ie, push-pull polarity information) about the protruding pits and the drawn pits is recorded, so that the tracking polarity information can be obtained without trial and error and reliability. Data can be recorded / reproduced as it is. In addition, when data is recorded as pits, the shape of the pits can be variously formed into a pull-in pit or a protruding pit by a manufacturing method.

It is a figure which shows the tracking polarity by a groove track and a land track. It is a figure which shows the tracking polarity by a groove track and a land track. It is a figure which shows the example by which the protrusion pit was formed in the board | substrate of the information recording medium by embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example by which the drawing pit was formed in the board | substrate of the information recording medium by embodiment of this invention. 5 is a graph showing changes in a DPD signal and an RF signal over time on an information recording medium in which data is formed by protruding pits. It is a graph which shows the change of a DPD signal and RF signal with time in the information recording medium in which data was formed by the drawing pit. 5 is a graph showing a change in push-pull signal over time in an information recording medium in which data is formed by protruding pits. It is a graph which shows the change of a push pull signal with time in the information recording medium in which the data was formed by the drawing pit. It is a figure which shows the example by which tracking polarity information was recorded on the information recording medium by 1st Embodiment of this invention with the sync pattern. It is a figure which shows the example by which tracking polarity information was recorded on the information recording medium by one Embodiment of this invention in the front of a frame sync or a frame sync with the specific pattern. It is a figure which shows the example by which tracking polarity information was recorded on the information recording medium by one Embodiment of this invention in the front of a frame sync or a frame sync with the specific pattern. It is a figure which shows the layout of the information recording medium by other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the layout of the information recording medium by other embodiment of this invention. 2 is a schematic structure of an information area of a recordable information recording medium. 2 is a schematic structure of an information area of a read-only information recording medium. It is a figure which shows a straight pit row | line | column. It is a figure which shows a wobbling pit row | line | column. It is a figure which shows the example by which tracking polarity information was recorded with the information recording medium by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to decode by the exclusive OR of tracking polarity data and the data detected by the data frame with the information recording medium by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to decode by the exclusive OR of tracking polarity data and the data detected by the data frame with the information recording medium by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a data recording and / or reproducing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 schematically shows a data recording and / or reproducing apparatus according to the invention.

Claims (30)

An information recording medium having an information surface of one or more layers,
Information recording characterized in that information is recorded as protruding pits in all or a partial area of the information recording medium, or is recorded as drawing pits, and tracking polarity information about the protruding pits or drawing pits is recorded Medium.   The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is push-pull polarity information.   2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is recorded on a frame sync or a front side of the frame sync.   The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information recording medium includes a BCA area, and information on the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is recorded on the BCA.   The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information recording medium includes a lead-in area, and information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is recorded in the lead-in area.   2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the protruding pit or the drawing pit is formed by a wobbling pit.   The information recording medium according to claim 6, wherein additional information is recorded in a wobble of the wobbling pit.   The information recording medium according to claim 7, wherein the additional information is recorded by at least one of a phase modulation method, a frequency modulation method, and an amplitude modulation method.   The information recording medium according to claim 7, wherein the information recorded in the wobbling pit is reproduced using a thumb channel, and the additional information is reproduced using a push-pull channel.   The information recording medium according to claim 2, wherein the data is decoded by an exclusive OR of the push-pull polarity data and data reproduced from the protruding pit or the drawn pit.   3. The information recording medium according to claim 2, wherein the data reproduced from the protruding pit or the drawn pit according to the push-pull polarity information is directly output as decoded data or output as inverted decoded data. .   The information recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising a clamping area, a BCA area, a lead-in area, a user data area, and a lead-out area.   The information recording medium according to claim 12, wherein the tracking polarity information is recorded in a lead-in area.   13. The information recording medium according to claim 12, wherein the tracking polarity information is recorded in a BCA area.   2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the data is decoded using an action of exclusive OR with respect to tracking polarity information and data reproduced from a pit.   The data reproduced from the pits using the tracking polarity information is output immediately as decoded data or output as decoded data after the polarity of the data is inverted. The information recording medium according to claim 15.   3. The information recording medium according to claim 2, wherein push-pull polarity information is recorded so that data can be reliably recorded or reproduced without a trail and error to obtain tracking polarity information. In a method for recording and / or reproducing information on an information recording medium provided with at least one information surface,
Recording information on the whole or a partial area of the information recording medium with protruding pits or withdrawing pits;
Recording the tracking polarity information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit in a predetermined area of the information recording medium.   The information recording medium according to claim 18, wherein the information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit is push-pull polarity information. Reproducing the push-pull polarity information;
19. The method of claim 18, including the step of tracking based on the reproduced push-pull polarity information to record / reproduce data on / from the information recording medium.   19. The method according to claim 18, wherein information about the protruding pit or the drawn pit is recorded in front of the frame sync or frame sync.   19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the information recording medium includes a BCA area, and records information about the protruding pit or the drawn pit in the BCA.   The method according to claim 18, wherein the information recording medium includes a lead-in area for recording information about the protruding pit or the drawn-in pit.   The method according to claim 18, wherein the protruding pit or the pull-in pit is formed by a wobbling pit.   The method according to claim 20, wherein the additional information is recorded in a wobble of a wobbling pit.   The method of claim 25, wherein the additional information is recorded using at least one of a phase modulation scheme, a frequency modulation scheme, and an amplitude modulation scheme.   The method of claim 25, wherein the information recorded in the wobbling pit is reproduced using a thumb channel, and the additional information recorded in the wobble is reproduced using a push-pull channel. .   The method according to claim 18, further comprising the step of decoding the data by exclusive OR of the push-pull polarity data and the data reproduced from the protruding pit or the drawn pit.   The method according to claim 18, wherein the data reproduced from the protruding pit or the drawn pit is directly output as decoded data or output as inverted decoded data according to the push-pull polarity information. In an apparatus for reproducing data recorded on an information recording medium,
A pickup unit for irradiating a beam to an information recording medium in which information about the protruding pit or the drawn pit is recorded as push-pull polarity information;
A reproduction signal processing unit that processes a data signal from the push-pull polarity information received through the pickup unit;
And a control unit that controls the pickup using a signal received through the reproduction signal processing unit.

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