JP2007333303A - Method of manufacturing brush/ice/channel model ice - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form brush/ice/channel model ice satisfying a test condition in an ice water tank. <P>SOLUTION: Ice pieces are put in a necessary number of wood frames 10 inside the ice water tank 1, and these wood frames are collected to one end side of the ice water tank. Then, another flat ice is made in a part of the ice water tank where the wood frames are not present. The center of the flat ice is cut off and removed to make an open channel. A shaping mold 4 which is attached to an underwater carriage 3 movable in the vertical direction, whose bottom has the same shape as of the chevron-shaped cross section of the bottom face of the collection of ice pieces, and which has the same width as that of the open channel, is lifted near the water surface in such a way as to scoop the wood frames in which ice pieces are held. After that, the underwater carriage is moved to the rear of the open channel, and is lifted. Then, the wood frames are removed, and the shaping mold is filled with ice pieces. After that, the shaping mold is lowered, and a group of ice pieces shaped in the shaping mold are floated in the rear of the open channel. The processes are repeated to fill the open channel with ice pieces from the rear to the front. In this way, the brush/ice/channel model ice made of the group of ice pieces can be formed in the open channel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an ice making method for brush ice channel model ice that can satisfy the required test conditions in an ice seawater tank test for obtaining an ice class certification of an ice sea vessel.

In general, a ship that navigates an ice sea area has special requirements for safe navigation in terms of ship strength and main engine capacity according to classification rules. There are several classes that correspond to the ice conditions of the navigating waters. Among these ship class ice classes, the Finnish-Swedish Ice Class Rules (hereinafter referred to as “FSICS”) guidelines on ice class approval tests are available for the ability of ice-resistant class main engines. Is provided.
The model ice in the ice seawater tank test is required to satisfy the required test conditions, and the test conditions are based on FSICS guidelines.
Regarding the maximum output of the main engine to be installed, if the ice water tank test is conducted under the conditions specified by the FSICS guidelines or the FSICS guideline is satisfied, and it is approved that it can navigate at 5 knots under that condition, the ice class is selected. You can get it.

The ice seawater tank test conditions specified by FSICS are as follows.
The following FIGS. 16 to 18 are presented to clearly show the concept of the brush ice channel in the ice seawater tank in explaining the ice seawater tank test conditions. FIGS.・ A perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing the ice channel model ice, FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the relationship between the brush ice channel of the ice seawater tank and the model ship, and FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) are the brush ice. -It is the top view and sectional drawing which show the measurement state of the cross-sectional shape of channel model ice.

(1) Model ice In the ice seawater tank, model ice of the Brash Ice Channel having a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 16 to 17 is required.
16 to 17,
The width (BE) of the brush ice channel shall be 1.5 to 2 times the ship width.
The thickness (HM) of the center of the cross section of the brush ice channel is 1 for ice class IA. It is equivalent to 0m (actual size).
In model ice, it is set according to the scale of the model ship and is roughly 2.5 to 5 cm.
The blush ice channel here refers to an ice piece with a size of about 30 cm while the ship goes back and forth many times using the open channel in the ice plate opened up by a capable icebreaker. It means a state that is accumulated in an open channel, and since a ship passes through the center part, the thickness of the center part is generally thin, and it is an aggregate of ice pieces that have a cross-sectional shape that gradually increases from the center to both sides. Say.
The base angle of the cross section of the brush ice channel model ice is 2 °.

(2) Measurement of the cross-sectional shape of the brush ice channel, etc. The regulations specify that the cross-sectional shape of the channel and the physical properties of the ice such as the porosity and friction coefficient of the brush ice are measured before the test.
Porosity: The ratio of the gap to the volume.
Coefficient of friction: The coefficient of friction between the actual hull and floating ice.
As shown in FIG. 18, the measurement of the cross-sectional shape is required to be performed on the model base at intervals of about 2 m in the longitudinal direction and at intervals of 10 to 20 cm in the width direction.

  In the conventional method for producing the brush ice channel model ice in the ice seawater tank test, flat ice is first made, and the ice in the area where the model ship passes in the water tank is manually crushed in advance. After that, the ice pieces are gathered together so as to be as close as possible to the cross-sectional shape of the deposited ice pieces in the channel defined in the guideline. At this time, the situation below the surface of the water is not visible, and there is no guarantee that the cross-sectional shape can be maintained over the entire length of the channel. It is necessary to measure the number of times and confirm that the cross-sectional shape is almost the shape required by the guidelines.

  For the thickness measurement, for example, in order to measure the accumulated state of the ice pieces, a scale that can penetrate the ice pieces from the top to the bottom and recognize the ice pieces with a movable stopper after the penetration is used. The method is used.

According to the method for making model ice of the brush ice channel in the conventional ice seawater tank test, when the ice pieces are filled into the channel, the accumulation state of the ice pieces below the surface of the water differs each time depending on how the ice pieces are gathered, and always It was difficult to perform tests under certain conditions.
Therefore, it has been difficult to keep the cross-sectional shape of the predetermined brush ice channel uniform over the entire length of the channel. Moreover, in order to make the cross-sectional shape as uniform as possible, it is necessary to gather ice pieces while measuring the thickness of ice pieces over a wide range, but this requires a lot of time and labor for preparation. There was a problem.
The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and it is possible to provide a brush ice channel model ice satisfying the test conditions required in an ice seawater tank test for obtaining an ice resistance class certification of an ice resistance class ice sea vessel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a brush ice channel model ice that can be reliably formed in an ice seawater tank without taking time and effort.

  The method of manufacturing the brush ice channel model ice according to the present invention is to prepare the brush ice channel model ice that satisfies the test conditions required in the ice seawater tank test for obtaining the ice resistance class certification of the ice sea class ship. This is a method of making model ice for the blush ice channel that forms in the ice seawater tank. The process of creating ice pieces in the ice seawater tank in advance and the ice pieces prepared in the ice seawater tank are necessary for the entire blush ice channel. In the ice seawater tank, a process of storing the ice pieces collected in one end of the ice seawater tank into the wooden frame and storing them in the same amount, respectively, by distributing the same amount in a wooden frame with no bottom as many as possible Making another new flat ice on the remaining part without the wooden frame, cutting out the central part of the flat ice and removing it to create an open channel, and taking it up and down on an underwater cart running underwater Attached with a surrounding plate of a predetermined height, and using a shaping mold having the same width as the open channel with the same bottom shape as the bottom of the target ice piece assembly bottom, Raise the shaping mold to near the water surface to scoop up the wooden frame, then move the underwater carriage to the back of the open channel, raise the shaping mold further, remove the wooden frame and fill the shaping mold with ice pieces, When the shaping mold is lowered, the process of floating the ice pieces arranged in the mold of the shaping mold in the depth of the open channel and the process of floating the ice pieces in the depth of the open channel are repeated in order from the depth of the open channel. The process consists of filling with ice pieces to the front, filling the entire open channel with filled ice pieces, and forming brush ice channel model ice in the open channel.

  In the present invention, the ice pieces prepared in the ice making process in the ice seawater tank are distributed in the same amount in a wooden frame having no bottom necessary for the entire brush ice channel. Collecting a piece of wooden frame filled with ice pieces on one side of the ice seawater tank and storing the piece of ice in the wooden frame, and making another flat ice on the remaining part of the ice seawater tank without the wooden frame, A process of creating an open channel by cutting out and removing the central part of the ice, and attached to a submersible dolly traveling underwater so that it can be moved up and down. Using a shaping mold that has the same cross-sectional shape as the angle of the open channel and the same width as the open channel, raise the shaping mold to near the surface of the water so as to scoop up one wooden frame filled with ice pieces, and then open the underwater cart. Move to the back of the waterway The process of floating the ice pieces grouped in the mold of the shaping mold to the back of the open channel by further raising the door, removing the wooden frame, filling the shaping piece with ice pieces, and then lowering the shaping mold; The process of floating the ice pieces above the open channel is repeated to fill with ice pieces from the back of the open channel to the front, and the entire open channel is filled with the filled ice pieces and brushed into the open channel. -Ice channel model The process of forming model ice, and the process of floating ice pieces arranged in the mold of the shaping mold behind the open channel, the width of the shaping mold is the same as the width of the open channel, Since the amount of ice pieces in the wooden frame is the same, the amount of ice pieces that can be filled into the shaping mold after removing the wooden frame is always the same, and then the shaping mold is lowered and floated in the back of the open channel. Shaping mold mold The cross-sectional shape of the neat ice pieces can always maintain the shape defined by the test conditions required in the ice seawater tank test, and the amount of ice pieces is always constant, so the length of the brush ice channel Blush ice channel model ice that satisfies the test conditions required for ice seawater tank testing that can maintain the filling rate constant throughout the whole and receive ice class certification of ice class ice vessels In addition, it can be obtained reliably.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an ice seawater tank used for the production method of the brush ice channel model ice according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an illustration of the ice seawater tank used for the production method of the brush ice channel model ice. Sectional view, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a shaping mold used in the production method of the brush ice channel model ice, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an ice plate cutter used in the production method of the brush ice channel model ice. It is.
1 to 2, a standby water tank 1 a narrower than the width of the ice seawater tank 1 is provided at the left end of the rectangular ice seawater tank 1. A pair of underwater cart rails 2, 2 extending in the length direction is laid at the center in the width direction of the bottoms in the ice seawater tank 1 and the standby water tank 1 a. The pair of underwater cart rails 2 and 2 is provided with an underwater cart 3 so as to be able to run freely. A shaping mold 4 for adjusting the shape of the brush ice is attached to the underwater cart 3.

  The shaping mold 4 includes an ice mounting plate 4a having the same mountain-shaped cross-sectional shape as the target ice piece assembly bottom surface, a surrounding plate 4b surrounding three sides of the ice mounting plate 4a, and a closing of the surrounding plate 4b. A pair of support arms 4c that rotatably support the side end portions by hinge coupling and a pair of hanging ropes 4d that suspend and move the open side end portions of the surrounding plate 4b up and down. In addition, the inclination angle which hangs down as it goes from the center of the ice placing plate 4a to the end is set to 2 ° which is the same as the bottom surface angle of the brush ice channel cross section.

In addition, the towing vehicle rails 5 are respectively installed at side positions on both sides of the ice seawater tank 1 and the standby water tank 1a at substantially the same height as the opening of the ice seawater tank 1. The towing vehicle rail 5 is provided with a towing vehicle 6 so that it can run freely. The ice seawater tank 1 is filled with water 7 and a model ship 8 is floated.
Reference numeral 9 denotes an ice plate cutter that cuts an ice plate into strips, and is configured by attaching a number of cutters 9b to the cutter support member 9a at equal intervals. Reference numeral 10 denotes a wooden frame without a bottom each having the same size.

Next, the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice of Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated based on process drawing of FIGS. 5 to 14 show a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the ice seawater tank, respectively, in order to facilitate understanding as necessary.
(1) First Step of Making Original Ice of Brush Ice First, as shown in FIG. 5, thin flat ice A, which is the original ice of brush ice, is cooled in the ice seawater tank 1 to produce ice. .
Since the thickness of the flat ice A is the original ice of the brush ice, it is about the same as the size of the ice piece forming the target brush ice model ice.

(2) Second Step of Cutting and Dividing Flat Ice Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the thin sea ice 1 made in the ice sea water tank 1 is poured into the ice sea water tank 1 at intervals of one cup of the shaping mold 4. Is cut with a general-purpose cutter (not shown) in the width direction.
The cutting interval X is defined as Vm for shaping mold deposition, C for the planned brush ice channel porosity, Bt for the water tank width, and hi for the ice plate thickness.
X = Vm × (1−C) ÷ (Bt × hi).

(3) Third Step of Creating Ice Pieces from Divided Flat Ice As shown in FIG. 7, in order to finely crush the divided flat ice A, the size of the ice pieces is made as uniform as possible. 4, the ice plate cutter 9 shown in FIG. 4 is attached to the towing vehicle 6, and the towing vehicle 6 is moved from one end to the other end of the divided flat ice A to cut the flat ice A into a strip shape. However, it is crushed by crushing from above with a jig with a handle like a scoop to make a fine ice piece B.

(4) Fourth Step of Storing Ice Pieces in a Wooden Frame As shown in FIG. 8, ice pieces B prepared by finely breaking ice are put in a wooden frame 10 that can float without a bottom and stored. . This operation is sequentially repeated, and ice pieces B are stored in the necessary number of wooden frames 10 in the entire brush ice channel.
When the length of the brush ice channel is LB and the length of the shaping mold 4 is LM, the number of ice piece aggregates stored in the wooden frame 10 is LB / LM.

(5) Fifth Step of Making Another Flat Water As shown in FIG. 9, the wooden frame 10 filled with ice pieces is collected at the left end of the ice seawater tank 1, and the opening of the wooden frame 10 is covered with a heat insulating material. Then, another new flat ice C is cooled in the remaining portion where the wooden frame 10 of the ice seawater tank 1 is not present to make ice.
(6) Sixth step of creating an open water channel As shown in FIG. 10, the portion of the flat ice B that has been newly made is made into a brush ice channel at the center, and the cut flat ice B is Exclude it and create an open channel D in the ice seawater tank 1.

(7) 7th process of moving a wooden frame to an open channel As shown in FIG. 11, the underwater cart 3 to which the towing vehicle 6 and the shaping mold 4 were attached is connected first. At this time, the shaping mold 4 can move up and down on the underwater carriage 3 with respect to the underwater carriage 3, and the closing side end of the surrounding plate 4b surrounding the ice mounting plate 4a of the shaping mold 4 has a pair of support arms. By being hinged to 4c, the angle of the ice mounting plate 4a with respect to the horizontal plane can be changed.
Therefore, the shaping mold 4 is raised to the vicinity of the water surface together with one wooden frame 10 filled with ice pieces, and then the towing vehicle 6 is moved to the depth of the open channel D at a low speed. As the towing vehicle 6 moves, the underwater carriage 3 moves to the back of the open channel D together with the shaping mold 6.

(8) Eighth step of floating ice pieces on the open channel When the shaping mold 6 moves to the depth of the open channel as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b), the shaping mold 4 is further raised, The frame 10 is removed and the ice piece B is filled into the shaping mold 4.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12 (c), when the shaping mold 4 is gently lowered after the hanging rope 4d is loosened and the ice placing plate 4a is inclined, the mold of the shaping mold 4 is ready. Only the ice piece group E floats in the back of the open channel D.
In the first embodiment, the hanging rope 4d is used to incline the ice mounting plate 4a. However, the ice mounting plate 4a may be inclined by another inclination mechanism.

(9) Ninth step of creating the brush ice channel model ice in the open channel The above steps (7) to (8) are repeated, and the ice pieces E are filled in order from the back of the open channel D to the front. When the entire open channel D is filled with the filled ice piece group E, as shown in FIG. 13, the brush ice channel model ice in which the cross-sectional shape is the same in the length direction in the open channel D F will be created.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing an example of a cross-sectional shape measurement of the brush ice channel model ice F. That is, this is a cross-sectional shape measurement example of the brush ice channel model ice F formed by the method of manufacturing the brush ice channel model ice of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As can be seen from this graph, when the length of the brush ice channel model ice F in the longitudinal direction is 20 m, (a) in FIG. 15 is 14.2 m at the back, and (b) is the middle. The cross-sectional shape at the position of 10.2 m, (c) at the front and 6.2 m is almost the same as the required cross-sectional shape indicated by the broken line, and it can be seen that the required requirements are satisfied.

When the brush ice channel model ice F is created in the open channel D through the above process, the model ice at the left end of the ice seawater tank 1 is not present in the underwater cart 3 to which the towing vehicle 6 and the shaping mold 4 are attached. After that, the towing vehicle 6 and the underwater cart 3 are separated, and as shown in FIG. 14, the model ship 8 is attached to the towing vehicle 6, and the model ship 8 is brushed by the towing vehicle 6 to the brush ice channel. Tow in model ice F and test resistance measurement.
The outline of the measurement or analysis in the test is as follows: (a) Resistance (resistance test) received by the ship when it is advanced through the brush ice channel at a speed equivalent to 5 knots and (b) the above conditions This is the propeller thrust and torque (self-propulsion test).
From the above, the horsepower required to travel in the brush ice channel model ice F at 5 knots is estimated on the scale of an actual ship.

  According to the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice of the first embodiment of the present invention, the ice piece B prepared in advance in the step of preparing the ice piece in the ice seawater tank 1 is used as the brush ice channel. Distribute the same number of pieces into the same number of wooden frames 10 that do not have the bottom necessary for the whole, and put the wooden pieces 10 packed with ice pieces B on one side of the ice seawater tank 1 into the wooden piece 10 And the step of making another flat ice C in the remaining portion without the wooden frame 10 in the ice seawater tank 1, cutting the central portion of the flat ice C, removing it, and creating an open channel D; It is attached to the underwater cart 3 that travels underwater so that it can move up and down, and is surrounded by a surrounding plate 4b having a predetermined height, and the bottom ice placing plate 4a is the same as the mountain-shaped cross-sectional shape of the target ice piece assembly bottom surface Using shaping mold 4 with the same width as open channel D, clogging of ice pieces B Then, the shaping mold 4 is raised to the vicinity of the water surface so as to scoop up one wooden frame 10, and then the underwater carriage 3 is moved to the depth of the open channel D, and the shaping mold 4 is further raised to remove the wooden frame 10 and ice. A step of floating the ice piece group E arranged in the mold of the shaping mold 4 in the depth of the open channel D by filling the piece B into the shaping mold 4 and then lowering the shaping mold 4, and the ice piece group E The process of floating the water in the back of the open channel D is repeated until the ice channel group E is filled in order from the back to the open channel D, and the entire open channel D is filled with the ice group E filled, and the open channel D The step of forming the ice model channel F in the shape of the brush ice channel is a step of floating the ice pieces E arranged in the mold of the shaping mold 4 in the depth of the open channel D. The width of the shaping mold 4 is the width of the open channel D. Same as width and each crate Since the amount of ice pieces in 0 is the same, the amount of ice pieces B filled in the shaping mold 4 after removing the wooden frame 10 is always the same, and then the shaping mold 4 is lowered to open the open channel D. The cross-sectional shape of the ice piece group E arranged in the shape of the shaping mold 4 floating in the back can always maintain the shape defined by the test conditions required in the ice seawater tank test, and the amount of the ice piece B is always constant. Therefore, the filling rate can be kept constant over the entire length of the brush ice channel, and it satisfies the test conditions required in the ice seawater tank test to obtain the ice class certification of the ice class ice ship. Brush ice channel model ice F can be obtained easily and reliably.

The top view of the ice seawater tank used for the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice of Embodiment 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing of the ice seawater tank used for the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. The perspective view which shows the shaping mold used for the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. It is a perspective view of the ice plate cutter used for the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 1st process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 2nd process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 3rd process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 4th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 5th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 6th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 7th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 8th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. Process drawing which shows the 9th process of the manufacturing method of the brush ice channel model ice. The top view and sectional drawing which show the state which tows a model ship in a brush ice channel by a towing vehicle. The graph which shows the example of cross-sectional shape measurement of a brush ice channel model ice. The perspective view and sectional drawing which show a brush ice channel model ice. The top view which shows the relationship between the brush ice channel of an ice seawater tank, and a model ship. The top view and sectional drawing which show the measurement state of the cross-sectional shape of a brush ice channel model ice.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ice seawater tank, 1a Standby water tank, 2 Underwater cart rail, 3 Submersible cart, 4 Shaping mold, 4a Ice placing plate, 4b Enclosure plate, 4c Support arm, 4d Suspension rope, 5 Towing vehicle rail, 6 Towing vehicle, 7 water, 8 model ship, 9 ice plate cutter, A flat ice, B ice piece, C another flat ice, D open channel, E ice piece group, F brush ice channel model ice.

Claims (3)

A method of making the brush ice channel model ice that forms the ice model ice in the ice sea water tank that satisfies the test conditions required in the ice sea water tank test for obtaining the ice resistance class certification of the ice sea class ship. There,
Creating ice pieces in advance in an ice bath;
Distribute the ice pieces prepared in the ice seawater tank to the same amount in the wooden frame without the number of bottoms necessary for the entire brush ice channel, and place the wooden frame filled with ice pieces in one end of the ice seawater tank. The process of storing ice pieces collected on the side in a wooden frame,
Making another new flat ice in the remaining part of the ice seawater tank without the wooden frame, cutting the central part of the flat ice, removing it, and creating an open channel;
It is attached to an underwater cart that runs underwater so that it can move up and down. , Raise the shaping mold to near the surface of the water so as to scoop up one wooden frame filled with ice pieces, then move the underwater carriage to the back of the open channel, further raise the shaping mold and remove the wooden frame A step of floating ice pieces arranged in the mold of the shaping mold behind the open channel by filling the shaping pieces into the shaping mold and then lowering the shaping mold,
The process of floating the ice pieces above the open channel is repeated to fill with ice pieces from the back of the open channel to the front, and the entire open channel is filled with the filled ice pieces and brushed into the open channel. A method for producing a brush ice channel model ice, comprising the step of forming an ice channel model ice. The process of creating ice pieces in the ice seawater tank in advance is
Creating thin flat ice to be the original ice of the brush ice in the ice seawater tank;
Cutting and splitting the flat ice made in the ice seawater tank in the width direction of the ice seawater tank at intervals of one cup of the shaping mold;
The process of cutting the flat ice pieces into strips with an ice plate cutter, breaking the flat flat ice pieces from above and breaking them to create a large number of ice pieces that will be the basis of the brush ice channel model ice The method for producing the brush ice channel model ice according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The method for producing brush ice channel model ice according to claim 2, wherein the ice plate cutter is composed of a cutter support member and a number of cutters attached to the cutter support member at equal intervals. .

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