RU2411487C1 - Tentyukov's snow sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed snow sampler serves for snow layer-by-layer sampling with adjusted pitch and consists of a prism made up of four rectangular plates. Three of the latter are rigidly interjointed along their edges to form stiffness ribs, while the fourth plate is a detachable element. To adjust snow depth sampling pitch, said sampler incorporates movable cantilever platform mounted on front stiffness ribs and locked at required depth by clamps.

EFFECT: higher accuracy, simple sampling.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and is intended for layer-by-layer testing of the snow stratum with an adjustable sampling step in detecting aerotechnogenic pollution of the snow surface as a result of precipitation of sulfates from the surface air layer during the formation of surface frost.

A device for layer-by-layer snow selection, selected as the prototype [A method for detecting sulfate contamination of snow cover (options) and a device for sampling snow with surface frost / Tentyukov MP Application No. 2007149351/12 (054149), filing date of December 29, 2007 (prototype)], the design of which is made in the form of a square formed by two rectangular plates perpendicularly fastened along a larger edge, on the inner side of the horizontal plate are fixed two guides equipped with a knife set -trays, while the knife-tray is made in the form of a rectangular box without a rear wall, with a pointed outer edge of the base, guides are made on the side walls of the knife-tray, the knife-tray is equipped with a handle fixed to the front wall In each subsequent set of knife-tray has a sidewall height greater than the previous one, where the number of trays in the knife-set set depending on the monitoring circuit and depending on the height of the snow cover.

The disadvantage of this device is its bulkiness (Figure 1), due to the need to have a mandatory set of knife trays, the number of which has to be changed taking into account the monitoring scheme and depending on the height of the snow cover. In addition, the strictly specified wall height of knife trays does not allow layer-by-layer snow sampling of visually distinct snow layers (snow compaction, the so-called “wind boards”; temperature crusts are traces of thaws; layers of contaminated snow formed during dust precipitation; subsoil layer of deep frost), the power of which does not always coincide with the size of the knife trays, as well as carry out layer-by-layer sampling with an adjustable sampling step, taking into account the structure of the snow mass and its thickness (up to 1 m and deeper).

The objective of the present invention is the development of a new device for layer-by-layer testing of snow strata with an adjustable pitch of snow sampling, including the collection of surface frost from a snowy surface, which allows to improve the quality of the results and improve the technology of layer-by-layer testing of snow strata.

The technical result of the device is achieved in that its design is a rectangular prism of four rectangular plates, three of which are rigidly bonded to each other at the edges, and the walls of the prism are made of durable material. Their fastening is carried out with the help of corners, which simultaneously perform the function of stiffeners and guides, ensuring the vertical immersion of the prism in the snow mass. The front wall of the prism is removable and serves as a knife plate with which snow sampling is performed in layers. The device is equipped with a movable platform-console, which is installed on the front stiffeners. To obtain a snow bar, the platform-console is lowered along the guides to the desired depth and is fixed with clamps. Then, a knife-plate (removable front wall of the prism) is placed on the console platform. By translating along the surface of the platform-console, the knife-plate is pushed into the snow mass. The “cut off” layer of snow is raked with a plastic scoop from the surface of the plate.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 2 presents a device for layer-by-layer snow sampling with an adjustable sampling step ("Tentyukov Snow Blower").

Tentiukov snow plow with an adjustable step of layer-by-layer testing of the snow stratum includes a rectangular prism, the walls 1 of which are made of material chemically inert to atmospheric components deposited in the snow strata. The plates forming the walls 1 of the prism can be made, for example, of plastic, or wood, or of a composite material (carbon fiber, metal plastic, fiberglass). The plate-walls 1 of the prism are attached to stiffeners 2, which simultaneously perform the functions of guides, which ensures vertical immersion of the prism in the snow mass. Snow sampling is carried out using a knife plate 3, which is a removable front wall of the prism. The Tentiukov snow blower contains a console platform 4, which allows you to adjust the sampling step, which is installed on the front stiffeners. The platform-console is equipped with clamps 5, allowing you to install it at the desired depth.

Example 1. The method of sampling the top layer of snow with surface hoarfrost.

According to the invention, for sampling snow with surface hoarfrost, the snow blower is immersed in snow to the upper cut (Figure 3). Then the pit opens, the depth of which is determined by the height of the prism (Figure 4), and the front plate of the prism is cleared, which is then removed (Figure 5). A platform-console is installed on the front stiffeners (Fig. 6), after which the platform is lowered along the guides to the desired depth and fixed with clamps. To obtain a sample of surface hoarfrost, a knife plate is placed on the cantilever platform and pushed into the snow mass. The resulting snow layer is raked from the surface of the knife-plate with a plastic scoop.

Example 2. The method of layer-by-layer testing of snow cover (snow sampling along the section).

According to the invention, the snow blower is plunged vertically into the snow mass. Then the snow pit is torn off so that the front wall of the prism is free of snow. After the front wall of the prism is removed, the cantilever platform is mounted on the front stiffeners, installed on the required thickness of the snow bar, and using the clamps, the cantilevered platform is fixed at the desired height (Fig. 7). To obtain a snow block, the front plate of the prism is placed on the platform of the bracket and moves forward into a rectangular snow core bounded on three sides by the walls of the prism (Fig. 8). To collect snow from the surface of the cutting insert, the device is equipped with a plastic scoop.

Claims (2)

1. A device for sampling snow with surface frost to detect contamination of the snow due to frost condensation of sulfur dioxide, characterized in that the snow plow for layer-by-layer snow sampling with an adjustable sampling step is made in the form of a prism of four rectangular plates, three of which are rigidly fastened between each other at the edges, forming stiffeners, and the fourth is removable, to control the step of testing the snow depth, the snowblower is equipped with a movable platform-console, which is mounted on front stiffeners, its fixation at the desired depth is performed using clamps. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a snow gauge bar, for which eyes are attached to the rear wall of the prism, with a large depth of snow, the prism lowers along the bar, which allows testing of snow strata with a thickness of more than 1 m.

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