JP2007327308A - Tightening fixture and fixing method for wooden intersecting structure - Google Patents
Tightening fixture and fixing method for wooden intersecting structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は木製交差構造体の緊締固定具および固定法に係り、詳しくは、例えば柱とそれに載せられて水平に延びる桁とそれに交差して斜めに載せられた登り梁の三部材を一体的に固定するための建築用金具やそれを固定する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a tightening fixture and a fixing method for a wooden cross structure, and more specifically, for example, three members of a column, a girder mounted on the column and a horizontally extending girder, and a climbing beam mounted obliquely crossing the column. The present invention relates to an architectural bracket for fixing and a method for fixing the same.
柱や梁で木造構造体を組みあげる場合、仕口にそれぞれほぞとほぞ孔を形成して嵌めあわせている。そして、適宜金具を使うなどしてその接合部位が補強される。また、金物を埋めこむことにより接合するとともにその強度の向上を図ることもしばしば行われる。例えば、図18の上半部に示したように、柱41を挟んで対向する二つの構造部材42,43に、その長手方向に延びる縦孔42a,43aを形成するなどしてねじ棒44を通し、ねじ端に対応する位置に角孔42b,43bを彫ってナット45,46の収容空間を確保したり、例えば特開平11−315610号公報にあるように、スリットを形成して両部材に跨がるブラケットの各プレート面を嵌め、これを介して両部材をボルト止めするなどされる。しかし、いずれにしても金物を収容する空間を必要とする結果、断面欠損が生じて部材の耐力低下は免れない。上記した角孔42b,43bなどによる断面欠損を軽減しようとしてナット収容位置を浅くすると、固縛力に偏りが生じる。 When a wooden structure is assembled with columns and beams, mortises and mortise holes are formed and fitted to the joints. And the joining site | part is reinforced by using a metal fitting suitably. In addition, joining is often performed by embedding hardware, and the strength is often improved. For example, as shown in the upper half of FIG. 18, the screw rod 44 is formed by forming longitudinal holes 42 a and 43 a extending in the longitudinal direction in the two structural members 42 and 43 that are opposed to each other with the column 41 interposed therebetween. Through, the square holes 42b, 43b are carved at positions corresponding to the screw ends to secure the accommodation space for the nuts 45, 46, or slits are formed in both members as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-11-315610. Each plate surface of the bracket that straddles is fitted, and both members are bolted through this. However, in any case, as a result of requiring a space for housing the hardware, a cross-sectional defect occurs, and the yield strength of the member cannot be avoided. If the nut housing position is shallowed in order to reduce the cross-sectional defects due to the above-described square holes 42b, 43b, etc., the securing force is biased.
断面欠損を可及的に少なくするとともに、接合用金物を部材中心に位置させて固縛力を高め、無用なモーメントの発生を避けられるようにした例として、実公昭59−3044号公報や特開2000−170251に記載された緊結金物がある。これは、図18の下半部に示すように、T形に交差する部材41,47のうちの一方の部材47に、その仕口から少し離れた箇所で部材を横断する孔47aがあけられ、中間にねじ孔48aを形成したシリンダナット48が嵌めこまれる。他方の部材41を幅方向に横断したねじロッド49が一方の部材47の中心部位を縦通し、その先端をねじ孔48aに螺合させて二つの部材を高い強度でもって接合している。 As an example in which cross-sectional defects are reduced as much as possible and the fastening hardware is positioned at the center of the member to increase the securing force and avoid the generation of unnecessary moments, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-3044 and There is a binding metal described in Kai 2000-170251. As shown in the lower half of FIG. 18, a hole 47a is formed in one member 47 of the members 41 and 47 intersecting with the T shape at a position slightly away from the joint. A cylinder nut 48 having a screw hole 48a formed in the middle is fitted. A screw rod 49 crossing the other member 41 in the width direction passes through the central portion of the one member 47, and the tip of the member is screwed into the screw hole 48a to join the two members with high strength.
ところで、構造部材は直角に交差する場合ばかりでなく、傾斜した部材の腹面などに他の部材の木口を突き合わせなければならない場合もある。図17の(a)は、「イ」形配置の場合に上記したシリンダナット48とヘッド49aのついたねじロッド49からなる締結具が、梁51に桁52を突き合わせた構造に適用された一例である。桁52に設けられた孔52aにシリンダナット48が挿入され、ねじロッド49は桁の中心部を通る。一方、梁51においては平面的に見たときねじロッド49は幅方向の中央から差し込まれているとはいえ、梁に対しては図のごとく側面から見て斜めの状態におかれる。言うまでもなく、桁52では長手方向に沿って軸力のみが作用するが、梁51と桁52との合わせ面53に押しつける力は傾斜角の余弦成分となり、締結力の幾らかがそがれることになる。一方、正弦成分はねじロッド49に無用の曲げ力を及ぼす。 By the way, not only when a structural member intersects at right angles, but also there is a case where the end of another member must abut against the inclined surface of the inclined member. FIG. 17A shows an example in which the fastener comprising the cylinder nut 48 and the threaded rod 49 with the head 49a is applied to a structure in which the beam 52 is abutted against the beam 51 in the “I” -shaped arrangement. It is. A cylinder nut 48 is inserted into a hole 52a provided in the beam 52, and the screw rod 49 passes through the center of the beam. On the other hand, in the case of the beam 51, the screw rod 49 is inserted from the center in the width direction when viewed in plan, but the beam is in an oblique state as viewed from the side as shown in the drawing. Needless to say, in the girder 52, only an axial force acts along the longitudinal direction, but the force that presses the mating surface 53 of the beam 51 and the girder 52 becomes a cosine component of the inclination angle, and some of the fastening force is deviated. . On the other hand, the sine component exerts an unnecessary bending force on the screw rod 49.
加えて、ねじロッド49の基端に形成されたヘッド49aを梁51の着座部から出ないようにすると、ワッシャ54のための彫り込み51aが必要となる。梁に対する桁の角度が大きくなるほど深くなることは言うまでもなく、結局は無視できない断面欠損がつきまとう。このようなことは、図17の(b)に示した構造においても起こる。この例は柱61に載せられた桁62に登り梁63が固定される構造である。重ね合わせ面64の面積は半減するから、そこに作用する面圧は倍加し、締結力を確保するためには、オーバサイズの部材の導入が余儀なくされる。
本発明は上記した問題に鑑みなされたもので、その目的は、部材が傾斜して接合される場合であっても、接合するためのねじロッドが各部材に対して常に平行もしくは直角に配置できるようにすること、それによってねじロッドには軸力のみが作用するようにして、締結の安定と高効率化を図ること、ねじロッドに無用の曲げをきたさなく適正強度の部材を導入できるようにすること、金具の存在に基因する断面欠損を可及的に小さくすることを実現した木製交差構造体の緊締固定具および固定法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a screw rod for joining that is always parallel or perpendicular to each member even when the members are joined at an angle. By doing so, only the axial force acts on the screw rod, so that the fastening can be stabilized and the efficiency can be improved, and the member of the appropriate strength can be introduced without causing unnecessary bending to the screw rod. It is another object of the present invention to provide a tightening fixture and a fixing method for a wooden cross structure that realizes a reduction in cross-sectional defects due to the presence of metal fittings as much as possible.
本発明は、第一部材の端で傾斜して接する第二部材を、円柱の長手方向の中間部位で横断するように延びるねじ孔を有したシリンダナットとそれに螺合するねじロッドとを用いて、第一部材に固定するようにした緊締金具に適用される。その特徴とするところは、図1を参照して、第一シリンダナット7に螺着される第一ねじロッド8とナットホルダ9と第二シリンダナット10と第二ねじロッド11とを備える。第一ねじロッド8は、第一シリンダナット7の締結用ねじ孔7aに先端側を螺合させるべく、第一部材3と第二部材5の接合部位14から第一部材の中心部位で長手方向に設けた縦孔3a内を延び、基端側には回転操作部15が形成されたヘッド8a(図2を参照)を持つ。ナットホルダ9は、第一部材3と第二部材5との接合部位14に臨んで対向する凹み2h,4h(図5の(a)を参照)に配置される。第二シリンダナット10は、第二ねじロッド11の先端部位が螺合される固定用ねじ孔17(図3の(a)を参照)を中間部位に備える。第二ねじロッド11には、第二部材5を直角に横切る横断孔4a(図5の(a)を参照)に配置され、先端側を接合部位14に位置させ、基端側には回転操作部16が形成されたヘッド11aを持つ(図11の(b)も参照)。上記したナットホルダ9には、図4に示すように、中心部を貫通し第二シリンダナット10(図3の(a)を参照)を回動自在に嵌挿して支持するナット受け孔19と、このナット受け孔19に直交するロッド挿通孔20と、このロッド挿通孔20の開口縁の一部に形成され、第二ねじロッド11の第二シリンダナット10(図10の(b)を参照)を中心にした傾動を許容する傾斜溝21と、ロッド挿通孔20の底部に到達した第一ねじロッド8のヘッド8a(図7の(a)を参照)を止着させる嵌着座22とが形成される。上記のロッド挿通孔20の開口20aは、第二ねじロッド11の先端部位を固定ねじ孔17に到達させかつ第一ねじロッド8のヘッド8aが通過する大きさとなっている。 The present invention uses a cylinder nut having a threaded hole extending so as to traverse a second member that is in contact with the end of the first member at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, and a screw rod that is screwed to the cylinder nut. The present invention is applied to a fastening metal fitting fixed to a first member. With reference to FIG. 1, the characteristic feature includes a first screw rod 8, a nut holder 9, a second cylinder nut 10, and a second screw rod 11 that are screwed onto the first cylinder nut 7. The first screw rod 8 has a longitudinal direction from the joint portion 14 of the first member 3 and the second member 5 to the center portion of the first member so that the tip end side is screwed into the fastening screw hole 7a of the first cylinder nut 7. 2 has a head 8a (see FIG. 2) in which a rotation operation portion 15 is formed. The nut holder 9 is disposed in the recesses 2 h and 4 h (see FIG. 5A) facing each other facing the joining portion 14 between the first member 3 and the second member 5. The second cylinder nut 10 is provided with a fixing screw hole 17 (see FIG. 3A) in which an end portion of the second screw rod 11 is screwed in an intermediate portion. The second screw rod 11 is disposed in a transverse hole 4a (see FIG. 5A) that crosses the second member 5 at a right angle, and the distal end side is positioned at the joining portion 14 and the proximal end side is rotated. It has a head 11a formed with a portion 16 (see also FIG. 11B). As shown in FIG. 4, the nut holder 9 has a nut receiving hole 19 that penetrates the center portion and rotatably supports the second cylinder nut 10 (see FIG. 3A). The rod insertion hole 20 orthogonal to the nut receiving hole 19 and a part of the opening edge of the rod insertion hole 20 are formed on the second cylinder nut 10 of the second screw rod 11 (see FIG. 10B). ) And a fitting seat 22 for fixing the head 8a (see FIG. 7A) of the first screw rod 8 reaching the bottom of the rod insertion hole 20. It is formed. The opening 20a of the rod insertion hole 20 has such a size that the tip portion of the second screw rod 11 reaches the fixing screw hole 17 and the head 8a of the first screw rod 8 passes therethrough.
ナットホルダ9は略球形であり、第一部材3と第二部材5との接合部位14に設けられたそれぞれの凹み2h,4hは、図5の(a)のようにナットホルダ9を収容することができる半球状としている。 The nut holder 9 has a substantially spherical shape, and each of the recesses 2h and 4h provided in the joint portion 14 between the first member 3 and the second member 5 accommodates the nut holder 9 as shown in FIG. It can be hemispherical.
ナットホルダ9Mは図16に示すように円筒形としておいてもよく、第一部材3と第二部材5との接合部位14に設けられたそれぞれの凹みは、ナットホルダ9Mを収容することができる半円柱状を含む空間としておけばよい。 The nut holder 9M may be cylindrical as shown in FIG. 16, and each recess provided in the joint portion 14 between the first member 3 and the second member 5 can accommodate the nut holder 9M. A space including a semi-cylindrical shape may be used.
図2に示すように、第一ねじロッド8は、スクリューバー8Aとその基端側に被さるスクリューキャップ8Bとを備え、そのスクリューキャップ8Bの頂部に回転操作部15が形成される。スクリューバー8Aとスクリューキャップ8Bとの螺合は、キャップもしくはバーのねじ端までなされるように少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数が制限されることにより、スクリューキャップ8Bとスクリューバー8Aとのそれ以上の螺合量増加が阻止されるようになっている(図6の(b)を参照)。 As shown in FIG. 2, the first screw rod 8 includes a screw bar 8A and a screw cap 8B covering the base end side thereof, and a rotation operation unit 15 is formed on the top of the screw cap 8B. The screw bar 8A and the screw cap 8B are screwed together so that at least one of the screw threads is limited so as to reach the screw end of the cap or bar, so that the screw cap 8B and the screw bar 8A or more. Is prevented from increasing (see FIG. 6B).
第二ねじロッド11はスクリューバー11Aとその基端側に被さるスクリューキャップ11Bとを備え、そのスクリューキャップ11Bの頂部に回転操作部16が形成される。スクリューバー11Aと固定用ねじ孔17との螺合は、スクリューバーもしくはねじ孔のねじ端までなされるように少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数が制限されることにより、スクリューキャップ11Bを回してもスクリューバー11Aと第二シリンダナット10の固定用ねじ孔17とのそれ以上の螺合量増加が阻止されるようになっている(図10の(b)を参照)。 The second screw rod 11 includes a screw bar 11A and a screw cap 11B covering the base end side thereof, and a rotation operation unit 16 is formed on the top of the screw cap 11B. Even if the screw cap 11B is rotated, the screw bar 11A and the screw hole 17 for fixing are screwed to at least either one of the screw bars or the screw end of the screw hole. Further increase in the amount of screwing between the screw bar 11A and the fixing screw hole 17 of the second cylinder nut 10 is prevented (see FIG. 10B).
木製交差構造体の緊締固定法にあっては、緊締固定具6における第一ねじロッド8の螺進を行うにあたり、図7の(a)に示すように、ナットホルダ9の嵌着座22に第一ねじロッド8のヘッド8aを止着させ、図7の(b)に示すようにナット受け孔19に第二シリンダナット10を嵌挿した後、図8の(b)に示すように、固定用ねじ孔17を経て回転操作部15に差し込んだ回転操作具24によって回転するようにしている。 In the tightening and fixing method of the wooden cross structure, when the first screw rod 8 in the tightening fixture 6 is screwed, as shown in FIG. After fixing the head 8a of the single screw rod 8, the second cylinder nut 10 is inserted into the nut receiving hole 19 as shown in FIG. 7B, and then fixed as shown in FIG. 8B. It is made to rotate with the rotation operation tool 24 inserted in the rotation operation part 15 through the screw hole 17 for an operation.
本発明によれば、金属製緊締固定具は第一シリンダナット、第一ねじロッド、第二シリンダナット、ナットホルダ、第二ねじロッドを備え、第一ねじロッドが第一シリンダナットに螺合してナットホルダを第一部材の仕口に強く固定し、第二ねじロッドはナットホルダ内で回動可能とした第二シリンダナットに螺合して第二部材を挟みつける力を伝達する結果、第二部材が第一部材に確実かつ剛強に固定される。 According to the present invention, the metal tightening fixture includes a first cylinder nut, a first screw rod, a second cylinder nut, a nut holder, and a second screw rod, and the first screw rod is screwed into the first cylinder nut. The nut holder is firmly fixed to the joint of the first member, and the second screw rod is engaged with the second cylinder nut that can be rotated in the nut holder, and transmits the force to sandwich the second member. The second member is securely and firmly fixed to the first member.
第一ねじロッドも第二ねじロッドも第一部材および第二部材の中心部位に配置されるから各ねじロッドによって生じた力は第一部材、第二部材それぞれに最も効果的に伝達される。力の伝達に偏りが無くなり、第一部材、第二部材ともに過大な耐力を持たせる必要がなくなる。各ねじロッドには曲げが作用することがなくなるから、ねじロッドにも過大強度が要求されないで済む。総じて、構造体における力の高効率伝達や低廉化が図られる。ナットホルダのために形成される凹みの表面積はその投影面積より大きくなるから、断面欠損部における面圧負荷が低減され、またくり抜き量の割りには断面欠損の影響を少なくすることができる。 Since both the first screw rod and the second screw rod are disposed at the central portions of the first member and the second member, the force generated by each screw rod is most effectively transmitted to the first member and the second member. There is no bias in the transmission of force, and there is no need to give excessive strength to both the first member and the second member. Since bending does not act on each threaded rod, excessive strength is not required for the threaded rod. In general, high-efficiency transmission and low cost of force in the structure can be achieved. Since the surface area of the recess formed for the nut holder is larger than the projected area, the surface pressure load at the cross-sectional defect portion is reduced, and the influence of the cross-sectional defect can be reduced with respect to the amount of hollowing out.
ナットホルダは第二シリンダナットを回動自在に支持し、ロッド挿通孔の開口縁の一部に傾斜溝が設けられるので、第二ねじロッドの角度を第二部材の設置角度に随時簡単に合わせることができる。したがって、第二部材の第一部材に対する傾斜角が異なる構造体にも適用でき、汎用性ある緊締固定具となる。いずれにしても、金具を構造部材内に納めて装着でき、木製交差構造体の見栄えを損ねたり、他の部材の取りつけを邪魔することもなくなる。 The nut holder rotatably supports the second cylinder nut, and an inclined groove is provided at a part of the opening edge of the rod insertion hole, so the angle of the second screw rod can be easily adjusted to the installation angle of the second member as needed. be able to. Therefore, the second member can be applied to structures having different inclination angles with respect to the first member, and a versatile tightening fixture can be obtained. In any case, the metal fitting can be accommodated in the structural member and attached, so that the appearance of the wooden cross structure is not impaired and the attachment of other members is not obstructed.
ナットホルダが略球形となっていれば、極めてコンパクトな容積を占めるにとどまり、第一部材、第二部材に形成される半球状の凹みで生ずる断面欠損を最も少なくすることができる。その凹みの表面積は投影面積の2倍にもなるため、締結によるその部分に生じる応力度は半減されかつ分散されることになり、内隅部のない形状の凹みは応力集中を排除し、構造材の受ける負担が軽減される。なお、ナットホルダが円筒形であるときも、球形の場合ほどではないが占める容積は少なく、凹みの表面は投影面積の1.6倍程度確保でき、その部分に発生する面圧はやはり軽減されることになる。 If the nut holder has a substantially spherical shape, it will occupy an extremely compact volume, and the cross-sectional defects produced by the hemispherical recesses formed in the first member and the second member can be minimized. Since the surface area of the dent is twice the projected area, the degree of stress generated in that part by fastening will be halved and dispersed, and the dent with no inner corner will eliminate stress concentration and structure The burden on the material is reduced. Even when the nut holder is cylindrical, it occupies less volume than in the case of a spherical shape, the surface of the dent can be secured about 1.6 times the projected area, and the surface pressure generated in that part is also reduced. Will be.
第一ねじロッドをスクリューバーとその基端側に被さるスクリューキャップで構成しておけば、スクリューバーとしては市販品を使用することができ、低廉化が図られる。緊締固定具が適用される部位や木製交差構造体のサイズが違っても、市販品の部分だけ他品に置き替えることで対応させ、本緊締固定具の特有部分の変更を要しなく、汎用性の高いものとなる。スクリューキャップの頂部に回転操作孔を形成しておくから、市販品のスクリューバーにいちいち回転操作部を形成する手間も省かれる。 If the first screw rod is composed of a screw bar and a screw cap covering the base end side, a commercially available product can be used as the screw bar, and the cost can be reduced. Even if the part to which the tightening fixture is applied or the size of the wooden cross structure is different, it can be handled by replacing only the commercially available part with another product, and there is no need to change the specific part of this tightening fixture. It becomes a high quality thing. Since the rotation operation hole is formed at the top of the screw cap, it is possible to save the trouble of forming the rotation operation portion on the commercially available screw bar.
スクリューバーとスクリューキャップとの螺合がキャップもしくはバーのねじ端までなされるように少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数を制限しておけば、スクリューキャップとスクリューバーとのそれ以上の螺合量増加が阻止され、その後のスクリューキャップの回転はスクリューバーを共回りさせて、スクリューバーの第一シリンダナットとの螺合を円滑なものにする。 If the number of screw threads is limited so that the screw bar and screw cap can be screwed to the screw end of the cap or bar, the amount of screw engagement between the screw cap and screw bar will increase further. And the subsequent rotation of the screw cap causes the screw bar to co-rotate and smoothen the screw bar with the first cylinder nut.
第二ねじロッドもスクリューバーとその基端側に被さるスクリューキャップで構成しておくと、第一ねじロッドの場合と同様に、スクリューバーとしては市販品を使用することができる。また、スクリューキャップの頂部に回転操作部が形成されるから、市販品のスクリューバーにその都度加工を施す必要もなくなる。 If the second screw rod is also constituted by a screw bar and a screw cap covering the base end side, a commercial product can be used as the screw bar as in the case of the first screw rod. Moreover, since the rotation operation part is formed on the top part of the screw cap, it is not necessary to process the commercial screw bar each time.
スクリューバーと固定用ねじ孔との螺合がバーもしくはねじ孔のねじ端までなされるように少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数を制限しておけば、スクリューバーを固定用ねじ孔にロックさせておくことができ、その後にスクリューキャップを回してスクリューバーとの螺合を図り、それによって第二部材5を強く締めつけることができるようになる。 If at least one of the screw threads is limited so that the screw bar and the fixing screw hole can be screwed to the screw end of the bar or screw hole, the screw bar can be locked to the fixing screw hole. After that, the screw cap is turned to achieve screwing with the screw bar, whereby the second member 5 can be strongly tightened.
木製交差構造体の緊締固定法においては、ナットホルダの嵌着座に第一ねじロッドのヘッドを止着させ、ナット受け孔に第二シリンダナットを嵌挿した後に固定用ねじ孔を通して回転操作部に回転操作具を差し込んで回転させるようにしているので、第一ねじロッドの第一シリンダナットに対する螺進が実現され、第二シリンダナットをナットホルダに装着したままナットホルダを第一部材に固縛することができる。第二シリンダナットをナットホルダが第一部材に固縛される前に装着しておくことになるから、重ね合わせ面に第二部材を固定する第二シリンダナットの配備が可能となる。 In the method of tightening and fixing a wooden cross structure, the head of the first screw rod is fastened to the fitting seat of the nut holder, the second cylinder nut is inserted into the nut receiving hole, and then passed through the fixing screw hole to the rotating operation part. Since the rotary operation tool is inserted and rotated, the first screw rod is screwed into the first cylinder nut, and the nut holder is secured to the first member while the second cylinder nut is attached to the nut holder. can do. Since the second cylinder nut is mounted before the nut holder is secured to the first member, the second cylinder nut that fixes the second member to the overlapping surface can be provided.
以下に、本発明に係る木製交差構造体の緊締固定具を、その固定する方法とともに、実施の形態を表した図面をもとにして、詳細に説明する。図1は、木製柱1とそれに載せられて水平に延びる木製桁2からなる第一部材3に対し、傾斜して重ね合わされる木製の登り梁4や隅木などの第二部材5を固定するための緊締金具6の装着状態を表している。この金具によれば、図のごとく第二部材5が第一部材3に傾斜して接合された場合に適用しても、接合するための次に述べるねじロッド8,11が各部材3,5に対して常に平行もしくは直角に配置されることになる。したがって、締結用の各ねじロッドには軸力のみが作用して、無用の曲げを受けなくまた構造材の断面欠損を可及的に小さくすることができる。 Below, the tightening fixture of the wooden crossing structure which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing which represented embodiment with the method to fix the same. FIG. 1 shows a first member 3 consisting of a wooden column 1 and a wooden girder 2 extending horizontally on the column 1 for fixing a second member 5 such as a wooden climbing beam 4 and a corner tree, which are stacked in an inclined manner. This shows a mounting state of the tightening bracket 6. According to this metal fitting, even when the second member 5 is inclined and joined to the first member 3 as shown in FIG. Will always be parallel or perpendicular to. Therefore, only the axial force acts on each screw rod for fastening, and the cross-sectional defect of the structural material can be made as small as possible without receiving unnecessary bending.
その金具6の概略は、図の下から、第一シリンダナット7、第一ねじロッド8、ナットホルダ9、このナットホルダ内にある第二シリンダナット10、および第二ねじロッド11からなっている。本例において特に注目すべきは、第二シリンダナット10とそれを内包するナットホルダ9の構造とその組合せ機構である。 The outline of the metal fitting 6 is composed of a first cylinder nut 7, a first screw rod 8, a nut holder 9, a second cylinder nut 10 in the nut holder, and a second screw rod 11 from the bottom of the figure. . Of particular note in this example is the structure of the second cylinder nut 10 and the nut holder 9 containing it, and its combination mechanism.
ここで、金具による第一部材3と第二部材5からなる木製交差構造体の緊締固定を簡単に述べ、詳細はその後に説明する。まず、第一シリンダナット7が第一部材3の柱1に埋め込まれる一方、ナットホルダ9の上方から第一ねじロッド8が挿入された後に、第二シリンダナット10がナットホルダ9に横から挿入される。第一ねじロッド8が第一シリンダナット7まで第一部材3を縦通して螺着されると、ナットホルダ9が第一部材3の頂部である桁2の上面(後述する重ね合わせ面14)に固定される。ナットホルダ9を覆うように登り梁4が載せられ、ナットホルダ9内の第二シリンダナット10に螺合された第二ねじロッド11によって登り梁4がナットホルダ9に固定され、このナットホルダを介して第二部材5が第一部材3に強力に固定されるようになっている。 Here, the tightening and fixing of the wooden cross structure composed of the first member 3 and the second member 5 by metal fittings will be briefly described, and details will be described later. First, the first cylinder nut 7 is embedded in the column 1 of the first member 3, and after the first screw rod 8 is inserted from above the nut holder 9, the second cylinder nut 10 is inserted into the nut holder 9 from the side. Is done. When the first screw rod 8 is threaded through the first member 3 up to the first cylinder nut 7, the nut holder 9 is the top surface of the girder 2 that is the top of the first member 3 (an overlapping surface 14 described later). Fixed to. The climbing beam 4 is placed so as to cover the nut holder 9, and the climbing beam 4 is fixed to the nut holder 9 by the second screw rod 11 screwed into the second cylinder nut 10 in the nut holder 9. The second member 5 is strongly fixed to the first member 3 via the intermediate member.
個々の構成要素について、詳細に述べる。この例においては柱1の上に水平に延びる桁2がわたされているが、柱の頂部に形成したほぞ12が桁2に設けたほぞ孔13に嵌められている。なお、第一ねじロッド8はほぞ12をも縦通した状態で、柱1と桁2とを強固に緊締する。上記した第一シリンダナット7は、柱1の中央部位を長手方向に縦通する長孔1aの底部近傍で柱を水平に横切る横断孔1bに埋設される。これには、その中間部位で半径方向へ延びる締結用ねじ孔7aが備えられる。 Each component will be described in detail. In this example, a horizontally extending girder 2 is passed over the column 1, but a tenon 12 formed on the top of the column is fitted in a tenon hole 13 provided in the column 2. Note that the first screw rod 8 firmly tightens the column 1 and the girder 2 in a state where the tenon 12 is also vertically passed. The first cylinder nut 7 described above is embedded in a transverse hole 1b that horizontally traverses the column in the vicinity of the bottom of the long hole 1a passing through the central portion of the column 1 in the longitudinal direction. This is provided with a fastening screw hole 7a extending in the radial direction at an intermediate portion thereof.
上記した第一ねじロッド8は、先端側を締結用ねじ孔7aに螺合させるべく、桁2と登り梁4の重ね合わせ面すなわち接合部位14から桁2の横孔2aと柱1の長孔1aとからなる第一部材3の縦孔3a内を下に向かって延びる。その基端側に形成されたヘッド8a(図2を参照)には回転操作部15であるレンチ孔が形成されている。この例では、第一ねじロッド8が、スクリューバー8Aとその基端側に被さり頂部にレンチ孔15を備えたスクリューキャップ8Bからなる。 The above-described first screw rod 8 is formed so that the front end side of the first screw rod 8 is screwed into the fastening screw hole 7a. The inside of the vertical hole 3a of the 1st member 3 which consists of 1a is extended toward the bottom. A wrench hole which is a rotation operation unit 15 is formed in the head 8a (see FIG. 2) formed on the base end side. In this example, the first threaded rod 8 is composed of a screw bar 8A and a screw cap 8B having a wrench hole 15 at the top of the screw bar 8A.
スクリューバーとスクリューキャップとの螺合は、図6の(b)に示すように、キャップもしくはバーのねじ端までなされ、スクリューキャップ8Bとスクリューバー8Aとのそれ以上の螺合量増加が阻止されるように配慮されている。すなわち、図示の例では、スクリューバー8Aのねじ8Aa がキャップ8Bのねじ孔8Ba のねじ深さより短くすべくねじ山数が制限されているが、このように、少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数に限りをもたせておくと、スクリューキャップ8Bの順方向の回転はスクリューバー8Aを常に共回りさせ、スクリューバーの第一シリンダナット7(図8の(b)を参照)との螺合を円滑なものにする。 As shown in FIG. 6B, the screw bar and the screw cap are screwed up to the screw end of the cap or bar, and further increase in the screwing amount between the screw cap 8B and the screw bar 8A is prevented. It is considered to be. That is, in the example shown, the screw 8A a screw bar. 8A is threaded number so as to be shorter than thread depth of the screw hole 8B a cap 8B is limited, thus, at least one of the threads If the number is limited, the forward rotation of the screw cap 8B always causes the screw bar 8A to rotate together, and the screw bar is engaged with the first cylinder nut 7 (see FIG. 8B). Make it smooth.
図1に戻って、第二ねじロッド11は第二部材5を直角に横切ってすなわち登り梁4の延びる方向に対して直交するように配置され、先端側を接合部位14に位置させている。そして、基端側は、回転操作部としてのレンチ孔16を頂部に持つヘッド11aとなっている。このねじロッドも、図2から分かるように、スクリューバー11Aとその基端側に被さり頂部にレンチ孔16を備えるスクリューキャップ11Bとからなる。なお、スクリューキャップを使用する関係上、スクリューバー11Aは登り梁4の厚みより短く与えられる(後述する図11の(b)を参照)。 Returning to FIG. 1, the second threaded rod 11 is disposed so as to cross the second member 5 at a right angle, that is, to be orthogonal to the direction in which the climbing beam 4 extends, and the distal end side is located at the joining site 14. And the base end side becomes the head 11a which has the wrench hole 16 as a rotation operation part in the top part. As can be seen from FIG. 2, this threaded rod is also composed of a screw bar 11A and a screw cap 11B having a wrench hole 16 at the top of the screw bar 11A. Note that the screw bar 11A is given shorter than the thickness of the climbing beam 4 because of the use of the screw cap (see FIG. 11B described later).
第二シリンダナット10は、第二ねじロッドの先端が螺合される固定用ねじ孔17を、中間部位で半径方向へ延びるように備える(図3の(a)ないし(d)を参照)。その固定用ねじ孔17とスクリューバー11Aとの螺合は、後述する図10の(b)に示すように固定用ねじ孔17もしくはスクリューバー11Aのねじ端までなされ、両者のそれ以上の螺合量増加が阻止されるようになっている。すなわち、図示の例では、固定用ねじ孔17の有効ねじがスクリューバー11Aのねじ11Aa の長さより少なくなるようにねじ山数が制限されているが、このように、少なくともいずれか一方のねじ山数に限りをもたせておくと、スクリューバー11Aを固定用ねじ孔17にロックしておくことができ、その後にスクリューキャップ11Bを掛けて回してもスクリューバー11Aが共回りしなく、キャップとバーとの螺合だけが進んで第二部材5を第一部材3に対して強く固定することができるようになる。 The second cylinder nut 10 is provided with a fixing screw hole 17 into which the tip of the second screw rod is screwed so as to extend in the radial direction at an intermediate portion (see (a) to (d) of FIG. 3). The fixing screw hole 17 and the screw bar 11A are screwed to the fixing screw hole 17 or the screw end of the screw bar 11A as shown in FIG. Increase in volume is prevented. That is, in the example shown, the thread number to be less than the length of the screw 11A a valid screw screw bar 11A of the fixing screw hole 17 is restricted, thus, at least one of the screws If the number of ridges is limited, the screw bar 11A can be locked in the fixing screw hole 17, and the screw bar 11A does not rotate together even if the screw cap 11B is turned and then rotated. Only the screwing with the bar proceeds and the second member 5 can be strongly fixed to the first member 3.
ナットホルダ9は、後で説明する図11の(b)に示すように、第一部材3である桁2と第二部材5としての登り梁4との重ね合わせ面14に配置される。すなわち、接合部位14に臨んで対向するよう第一部材と第二部材のそれぞれに凹み2h,4hが設けられ、これらが図5の(a)に示すように半球状であって、略球形をしたナットホルダ9の全体を嵌着させることができるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 11B described later, the nut holder 9 is disposed on the overlapping surface 14 of the beam 2 as the first member 3 and the climbing beam 4 as the second member 5. That is, the recesses 2h and 4h are provided in each of the first member and the second member so as to face each other at the joining portion 14, and these are hemispherical as shown in FIG. The entire nut holder 9 can be fitted.
このように略球形としておくと極めてコンパクトな容積を占めるにとどまり、桁2と登り梁4に形成される凹みで生ずる断面欠損を最も少なくしてことができる。その凹みの表面積は投影面積の2倍にもなるため(4πR2 /2/πR2 =2.0:Rは球の半径)、締結によるその部分に生じる応力度は半減されかつ分散されることになる。内隅部のない形の凹みは応力集中を排除し、構造材の受ける負担をおおいに軽減する。 Thus, if it is made into a substantially spherical shape, it will occupy a very compact volume, and the cross-sectional defect | deletion which arises in the dent formed in the girder 2 and the climbing beam 4 can be minimized. Because the surface area of the indentation is also twice the projected area (4πR 2/2 / πR 2 = 2.0: R the radius of a sphere), stresses generated in the portion by the fastening to be halved and dispersed become. A dent without an inner corner eliminates stress concentration and greatly reduces the burden on the structural material.
このようなナットホルダ9には、図4に示すように、ナット受け孔19と、ロッド挿通孔20と、傾斜溝21と、嵌着座22とが形成される。ナット受け孔19は水平な桁2に平行となる軸芯19a(図1を参照)を持ってナットホルダ9の中心部を貫通し、第二シリンダナット10を回動自在に嵌挿して支持する(図3の(a)を参照)。ロッド挿通孔20は図4の(c)に示すようにナット受け孔19に直交し、第二ねじロッド11の先端のねじ11Aa を固定用ねじ孔17に到達させ(図9の(b)を参照)、かつ第一ねじロッド8のヘッド8aを通過させる開口20aを持っている(図7の(a)を参照)。 As shown in FIG. 4, the nut holder 9 is formed with a nut receiving hole 19, a rod insertion hole 20, an inclined groove 21, and a fitting seat 22. The nut receiving hole 19 has an axis 19a (see FIG. 1) parallel to the horizontal beam 2 and passes through the center of the nut holder 9, and supports the second cylinder nut 10 by being rotatably inserted. (See (a) of FIG. 3). Rod insertion hole 20 is perpendicular to the nut-receiving hole 19 as shown in FIG. 4 (c), to reach the screws 11A a tip of the second screw rod 11 to the fixing screw holes 17 (shown in FIG. 9 (b) And an opening 20a through which the head 8a of the first screw rod 8 passes (see (a) of FIG. 7).
傾斜溝21は、図4の(a)に示すように、ロッド挿通孔20の開口縁の一部に形成され、図10の(b)に示すように、第二ねじロッド11の第二シリンダナット10を中心にした傾動を許容するために設けられたものである。なお、この傾斜溝21の角度αは例えば45度程度まで与えられており、スクリューバー11Aが登り梁4の傾斜に直交するように調整できる余裕が与えられる。このようにして傾斜溝が設けられ、第二シリンダナット10は回動自在であるので、第二ねじロッドの角度を第二部材の設置角度に随時簡単に合わせやすくなるだけでなく、第二部材の第一部材に対する傾斜角が異なる構造体にも適用でき、汎用性ある緊締固定具となる。 The inclined groove 21 is formed at a part of the opening edge of the rod insertion hole 20 as shown in FIG. 4A, and the second cylinder of the second screw rod 11 as shown in FIG. 10B. This is provided to allow tilting around the nut 10. The angle α of the inclined groove 21 is given, for example, up to about 45 degrees, and a margin for adjusting the screw bar 11A so as to be orthogonal to the inclination of the climbing beam 4 is provided. Since the inclined groove is provided in this way and the second cylinder nut 10 is rotatable, not only can the angle of the second screw rod be easily adjusted to the installation angle of the second member, but also the second member. This can be applied to structures having different inclination angles with respect to the first member, and is a versatile tightening fixture.
図4の(b)および(c)に示された嵌着座22は、図7の(a)に示すように第一ねじロッド8の基端側に形成されたヘッド8aを止着させるもので、ロッド挿通孔20の底部に形成される。すなわち、スクリューバー8Aの通過後スクリューキャップ8Bのヘッド8aが到達した時点でそれ以上の通過を阻止する大きさの孔とされており、孔の周りがヘッド下の形状に合わせた座面を形成している。 The fitting seat 22 shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C is for fixing the head 8a formed on the base end side of the first screw rod 8 as shown in FIG. 7A. , Formed at the bottom of the rod insertion hole 20. That is, when the head 8a of the screw cap 8B arrives after passing through the screw bar 8A, the hole is sized to prevent further passage, and the periphery of the hole forms a seating surface that matches the shape under the head. is doing.
このような構成の木製交差構造体の緊締固定具は、次のようにして第二部材5を第一部材3に固定することができる。図5の(a)に示すように、各部材には、予め横断孔1bや凹み2h,4hを与えておくが、その凹みの加工については後述する。図5の(b)に示すように、柱1の長孔1aの底部近傍に設けた横断孔1bに第一シリンダナット7を挿入する。それに設けられた締結用ねじ孔7aが長孔1aの方向に一致するように、図5の(c)に示すごとく端面に形成した孔の方向を教える指標スリット23がある場合は、それを垂直にしておく。 The wooden cross structure tightening fixture having such a configuration can fix the second member 5 to the first member 3 as follows. As shown in FIG. 5A, each member is previously provided with a transverse hole 1b and recesses 2h and 4h, and the processing of the recess will be described later. As shown in FIG. 5B, the first cylinder nut 7 is inserted into the transverse hole 1 b provided near the bottom of the long hole 1 a of the column 1. When there is an index slit 23 for teaching the direction of the hole formed in the end face as shown in FIG. 5C so that the fastening screw hole 7a provided in the hole coincides with the direction of the long hole 1a, Keep it.
その間に、図6の(a)および(b)に示すようにスクリューバー8Aにスクリューキャップ8Bが被せられる。いずれか一方のねじが短く形成されているから、短いねじの端まで螺着されると、スクリューキャップはスクリューバーと一体となり、図6の(b)のように第一ねじロッド8としての長さL8 が規定される。なお、柱1には、図6の(c)のように、ほぞ12をほぞ孔13に嵌め込むようにして桁2が一体化される。 Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the screw cap 8B is put on the screw bar 8A. Since either one of the screws is short, when the screw is screwed to the end of the short screw, the screw cap is integrated with the screw bar, and the length of the first screw rod 8 as shown in FIG. L8 is defined. In addition, the column 2 is integrated with the column 1 so that the tenon 12 is fitted into the tenon hole 13 as shown in FIG.
上記の第一ねじロッド8を、ナットホルダ9のロッド挿通孔20に通す(図6の(b)を参照)。スクリューバー8Aは嵌着座22にあいた孔を通るが、スクリューキャップ8Bのヘッド8aは嵌着座22に到達した時点で止まる(図7の(a)を参照)。その状態で、図7の(b)の要領によって第二シリンダナット10をナットホルダ9のナット受け孔19に嵌挿する。このときシリンダナット10の固定用ねじ孔17が垂直となるようにしておく。図7の(c)のようにナットホルダ9と組み合わされた第一ねじロッド8は、第二シリンダナット10により上方への抜けが阻止されたヘッド8aによってほぼ不動の状態におかれる。 The first screw rod 8 is passed through the rod insertion hole 20 of the nut holder 9 (see FIG. 6B). The screw bar 8A passes through the hole formed in the fitting seat 22, but the head 8a of the screw cap 8B stops when it reaches the fitting seat 22 (see FIG. 7A). In this state, the second cylinder nut 10 is inserted into the nut receiving hole 19 of the nut holder 9 according to the procedure of FIG. At this time, the fixing screw hole 17 of the cylinder nut 10 is set to be vertical. As shown in FIG. 7C, the first screw rod 8 combined with the nut holder 9 is placed in an almost stationary state by the head 8 a that is prevented from being pulled upward by the second cylinder nut 10.
このようにして第一ねじロッド8とナットホルダ9と第二シリンダナット10との一体組ができると、これが図8の(a)のように第一部材3である桁2と柱1に挿入される。その操作は、第二シリンダナット10がナットホルダ9から抜け出ないように指などで左右から軽く押さえておけば、極めて簡単に行うことができる。一体組の形が保たれて縦孔3aに嵌められると、ねじ8Ab は第一シリンダナット7の締結用ねじ孔7aの開口に臨む。この時点では、ナットホルダ9は凹み2hから離れているから、上記の操作の間に第二シリンダナット10が少し回動しても、容易に正すことができる。図8の(b)のように六角レンチ24といった回転操作具を第二シリンダナット10の固定用ねじ孔17を経てレンチ孔15に差し込み、それを矢印25の方向に回転させて第一ねじロッド8の先端に形成したねじ8Ab を、第一シリンダナット7の締結用ねじ孔7aに螺合させる。 When the first screw rod 8, the nut holder 9, and the second cylinder nut 10 are integrally assembled in this way, this is inserted into the beam 2 and the column 1 as the first member 3 as shown in FIG. Is done. The operation can be performed very easily if the second cylinder nut 10 is lightly pressed from the left and right with fingers or the like so as not to come out of the nut holder 9. When integrated set of shape is fitted to the kept by longitudinal hole 3a, the screw 8A b is facing the opening of the fastening screw holes 7a of the first cylinder nut 7. At this time, since the nut holder 9 is separated from the recess 2h, even if the second cylinder nut 10 is slightly rotated during the above operation, it can be easily corrected. As shown in FIG. 8B, a rotary operation tool such as a hexagon wrench 24 is inserted into the wrench hole 15 through the fixing screw hole 17 of the second cylinder nut 10 and rotated in the direction of the arrow 25 to rotate the first screw rod. the screw 8A b formed at the tip of 8, screwed into the fastening screw holes 7a of the first cylinder nut 7.
ねじ8Ab の螺進で、ナットホルダ9が凹み2hに着座する。増し締めすればナットホルダ9が第一部材3の頂部にしっかりと固定されるとともに、桁2も柱1に対して不動状態に置かれる。このような操作は、第二シリンダナットをナットホルダに装着したままナットホルダを第一部材に固縛することになる。第二シリンダナットはナットホルダが第一部材に固縛される前に装着されているから、重ね合わせ面に第二部材5を固定する第二シリンダナット10の配備が可能となる。 In screwing the screw 8A b, nut holder 9 is seated on the recess 2h. When tightened, the nut holder 9 is firmly fixed to the top of the first member 3, and the girder 2 is also immovable with respect to the column 1. In such an operation, the nut holder is secured to the first member while the second cylinder nut is mounted on the nut holder. Since the second cylinder nut is mounted before the nut holder is secured to the first member, the second cylinder nut 10 that fixes the second member 5 to the overlapping surface can be provided.
図9の(a)のようにレンチ24を垂直にして抜けば、固定用ねじ孔17は垂直のままとなる。図9の(b)のごとく、第二ねじロッド11のスクリューバー11Aを上下方向となっている固定用ねじ孔17に臨ませ、これを手などで回して先端のねじ11Aa をねじ部17aに深く噛みあわせる。固定用ねじ孔17には第二シリンダナット10の内部の途中までしかねじが形成されておらず、したがって、ねじ端まで螺合させると、スクリューバー11Aのそれ以上の螺進が阻止される。 If the wrench 24 is pulled out vertically as shown in FIG. 9A, the fixing screw hole 17 remains vertical. As in Figure 9 the (b), the second threaded screw bar 11A of the rod 11 to face the fixing screw hole 17 has a vertical, threaded portion 17a of the screw 11A a tip by turning it manually in such Bite deeply. A screw is formed in the fixing screw hole 17 only halfway inside the second cylinder nut 10, and therefore, when the screw end is screwed to the screw end, further screwing of the screw bar 11A is prevented.
登り梁4をクレーンで吊るなどして所定位置まで運搬する間に、図10の(a)に示したスクリューキャップ11Bにワッシャ26を嵌めておく。登り梁4を降ろす際に、スクリューバー11Aを(b)に示す角度αの範囲内で適宜に傾け、登り梁4に形成した横断孔4aに下方からその上端部を入れる。その後に登り梁4が左右に振れたり傾斜角が少々変えるように揺れても、スクリューバー11Aは第二シリンダナット10を中心にして傾動するから、ナットホルダ9に無理な力が生じることもない。 While the climbing beam 4 is hung with a crane and transported to a predetermined position, the washer 26 is fitted to the screw cap 11B shown in FIG. When the climbing beam 4 is lowered, the screw bar 11A is appropriately tilted within the range of the angle α shown in (b), and the upper end thereof is inserted into the transverse hole 4a formed in the climbing beam 4 from below. After that, even if the climbing beam 4 swings to the left or right or the tilt angle slightly changes, the screw bar 11A tilts around the second cylinder nut 10, so that an unreasonable force is not generated on the nut holder 9. .
登り梁4が降ろされ、ナットホルダ9を凹み4hに納め、腹面を重ね合わせ面14に載せて角度を正す。ワッシャ26を伴ったスクリューキャップ11Bを登り梁4の上から横断孔4aに挿入して回すと、図11の(a)のようにスクリューキャップ11Bのねじ孔11Ba がスクリューバー11Aのねじ11Ab に噛みあう。ヘッド11aのレンチ孔16にレンチ24を掛けて締めれば、ねじ11Ab とねじ孔11Ba の螺合が進み、登り梁4に形成した座面4bに嵌まるワッシャ26とナットホルダ9によって、図11の(b)のように登り梁4は強く挟みつけられる。 The climbing beam 4 is lowered, the nut holder 9 is placed in the recess 4h, and the abdominal surface is placed on the overlapping surface 14 to correct the angle. Turning inserted into transverse bore 4a of the screw cap 11B accompanied by washer 26 from the top of the climb beam 4, the screw 11A b of the screw hole 11B a the screw bar 11A of the screw cap 11B as shown in (a) of FIG. 11 Bite into. If it tightened over the wrench 24 in the wrench hole 16 of the head 11a, by a threaded 11A screwed b and the screw hole 11B a proceeds, fitted to the seat surface 4b formed on the climbing beams 4 circle washer 26 and the nut holder 9, FIG. As shown in FIG. 11B, the climbing beam 4 is strongly clamped.
これによって力の伝達に偏りが無くなり、第一部材、第二部材ともに過大な耐力を持たせる必要がなくなる。各ねじロッドには曲げモーメントが作用することがなく、ねじロッドにも過大強度品を充てる必要もなくなる。総じて、構造体における力の高効率伝達や低廉化が図られる。ナットホルダのために形成される凹みの表面積はその投影面積より大きくなるから、断面欠損部における面圧負荷が低減され、またくり抜き量の割りには断面欠損の影響を少なくしておくことができる。 As a result, there is no bias in the transmission of force, and there is no need to give excessive strength to both the first member and the second member. A bending moment does not act on each screw rod, and it is not necessary to fill the screw rod with an overstrength product. In general, high-efficiency transmission and low cost of force in the structure can be achieved. Since the surface area of the recess formed for the nut holder is larger than the projected area, the surface pressure load at the cross-sectional defect portion is reduced, and the influence of the cross-sectional defect can be reduced for the amount of hollowing out. .
以上の説明から分かるように、第一ねじロッドが第一シリンダナットに螺合してナットホルダを第一部材の仕口である重ね合わせ面に強く固定し、第二ねじロッドはナットホルダ内で回動可能とした第二シリンダナットに螺合して第二部材を挟みつける結果、第二部材が第一部材に確実かつ剛強に固定される。第一ねじロッドも第二ねじロッドも第一部材および第二部材の中心部位に配置されるから各ねじロッドによって生じた力は第一部材、第二部材それぞれに最も効果的に伝達される。金具が構造部材内に納めて装着され、木製交差構造体の見栄えを損ねたり、他の部材の取りつけを邪魔したりすることもない。 As can be seen from the above description, the first threaded rod is screwed into the first cylinder nut and the nut holder is firmly fixed to the overlapping surface which is the opening of the first member, and the second threaded rod is As a result of screwing into the second cylinder nut that can be turned and pinching the second member, the second member is securely and firmly fixed to the first member. Since both the first screw rod and the second screw rod are disposed at the central portions of the first member and the second member, the force generated by each screw rod is most effectively transmitted to the first member and the second member. The metal fittings are mounted in the structural member so that the appearance of the wooden cross structure is not impaired and the attachment of other members is not disturbed.
ここで、図5(a)に示した各部材の重ね合わせ面14における凹み2h,4hの加工について、簡単に述べる。登り梁4に対しては、図12の(a)に示すように、横断する方向に下孔4cを設ける。ドリル27は特製品であって半球状のやすり面27aを備え、その頂部には下孔に嵌まるリード27bが形成されている。図示しない駆動機で矢印28の方向に回転させ、(b)のように全没するまで研削する。ドリルを除くと(c)のような凹み4hが形成され、下孔4cをセンタにして通常のドリル(図示せず)で横断孔4aをあける。最後に、(d)に示すように、その上端開口を座ぐりして座面4bが形成される。 Here, processing of the recesses 2h and 4h in the overlapping surface 14 of each member shown in FIG. 5A will be briefly described. For the climbing beam 4, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), a pilot hole 4c is provided in the transverse direction. The drill 27 is a special product and includes a hemispherical file surface 27a, and a lead 27b that fits in the prepared hole is formed at the top of the drill 27. It is rotated in the direction of the arrow 28 by a driving machine (not shown) and is ground until it is completely sunk as shown in (b). When the drill is removed, a recess 4h as shown in (c) is formed, and the transverse hole 4a is opened with a normal drill (not shown) with the lower hole 4c as the center. Finally, as shown in (d), the seating surface 4b is formed by facing the upper end opening.
第一部材3を構成する桁2に対しては、図13の(a)に示すように、横断する方向に下孔2cを設ける。ドリル27は図12の場合と同じものでよく、図13の(b)のように全没するまで研削する。ドリルを除くと(c)のような凹み2hが形成され、下孔2cをセンタにして横孔2aをあける。最後に、(d)に示すように、その上面の一部2dを落として重ね合わせ面14が形成される。側面から見た(e)から分かるように、重ね合わせ面の幅はW14であり、これが登り梁4の腹面の一部が嵌まる部分となる。 For the beam 2 constituting the first member 3, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), a pilot hole 2c is provided in the transverse direction. The drill 27 may be the same as that shown in FIG. 12, and is ground until it is completely sunk as shown in FIG. When the drill is removed, a recess 2h as shown in (c) is formed, and the horizontal hole 2a is opened with the lower hole 2c as the center. Finally, as shown in (d), a part 2d of the upper surface is dropped to form the overlapping surface 14. As can be seen from (e) as seen from the side, the width of the overlapping surface is W14, which is a portion where a part of the abdominal surface of the climbing beam 4 is fitted.
今まで述べた緊締固定具においては、第一ねじロッド8をスクリューバー8Aとその基端側に被さるスクリューキャップ8Bとで構成した。スクリューバーとして市販品を使用することができ、その部分の低廉化が図られる。緊締固定具が適用される部位や木製交差構造体のサイズが違っても、市販品の部分だけ他の規格品に置き替えることで対応させ、本緊締固定具の特有部分の変更を要しなく、それゆえ汎用性の高い金具とすることができる。スクリューキャップの頂部にレンチ孔を形成しているから、市販品のスクリューバーにいちいちレンチ孔を施す手間も省かれる。これは第二ねじロッド11をスクリューバー11Aとスクリューキャップ11Bで構成しておく場合も同じである。なお、レンチ孔に代わる公知の他の工具による回転操作が可能となる孔や溝をヘッドに形成してもよいことは言うまでもない。 In the tightening fixture described so far, the first threaded rod 8 is composed of a screw bar 8A and a screw cap 8B covering the base end side thereof. A commercial product can be used as the screw bar, and the cost of the portion can be reduced. Even if the part to which the tightening fixture is applied or the size of the wooden cross structure is different, it is possible to replace the commercially available part with another standard product, and there is no need to change the specific part of the tightening fastener. Therefore, a highly versatile metal fitting can be obtained. Since the wrench hole is formed on the top of the screw cap, it is possible to save time and effort for making the wrench hole on the commercial screw bar. The same applies to the case where the second screw rod 11 is constituted by the screw bar 11A and the screw cap 11B. Needless to say, a hole or groove that can be rotated by another known tool in place of the wrench hole may be formed in the head.
ところで、第一ねじロッドも第二ねじロッドもスクリューバーとスクリューキャップで構成させ、適宜ワッシャを使用するなどした例を述べてきたが、図14に示すように両ねじロッドを単一品としたり、混成品とすることもできる。図14の(a)は、ねじ8Ab を先端に持ちレンチ孔15を形成したヘッド8aを基端に備える一本のねじ棒8Mと、ねじ11Aa を先端に持ちレンチ孔16を形成したヘッド11aを基端に備える一本のねじ棒11Mとで、前記した第一ねじロッドおよび第二ねじロッドを構成させた例である。 By the way, although both the first screw rod and the second screw rod are composed of a screw bar and a screw cap and an appropriate washer has been described, both screw rods are made as a single product as shown in FIG. It can also be a hybrid product. (A) in FIG. 14 was formed with a single threaded rod 8M including a head 8a forming the wrench hole 15 has a screw 8A b at the tip to the proximal end, the wrench hole 16 has a screw 11A a a tip head This is an example in which the first screw rod and the second screw rod described above are constituted by a single screw rod 11M having 11a at the base end.
図14の(b)は第二ねじロッドだけを一本のねじ棒11Mとし、第一ねじロッドはスクリューバー8Aとスクリューキャップ8Bで構成した例であり、(c)は第一ねじロッドだけを一本のねじ棒8Mとし、第二ねじロッドはスクリューバー11Aとスクリューキャップ11Bで構成した例である。図14の(c)の場合は図9の(b)、図10の(a)および(b)、図11の(a)および(b)の手順によって登り梁が固定されるが、図14の(a)と(b)の場合は、それと異なる。ねじ棒11Mのヘッド11aには大きい鍔29があるかワッシャ26があるために、図10の(b)のように登り梁4を載せる前にねじ棒を第二シリンダナット10に螺着しておくことが不可能であるからである。 FIG. 14B shows an example in which only the second threaded rod is a single threaded rod 11M, the first threaded rod is composed of a screw bar 8A and a screw cap 8B, and FIG. 14C shows only the first threaded rod. In this example, one screw rod 8M is used, and the second screw rod is composed of a screw bar 11A and a screw cap 11B. In the case of (c) in FIG. 14, the climbing beam is fixed by the procedures of (b) in FIG. 9, (a) and (b) in FIG. 10, and (a) and (b) in FIG. The cases of (a) and (b) are different. Since the head 11a of the screw rod 11M has a large flange 29 or a washer 26, the screw rod is screwed onto the second cylinder nut 10 before the climbing beam 4 is placed as shown in FIG. Because it is impossible to keep.
この場合には、図15の(a)および(b)に示すように、登り梁4でナットホルダ9を覆ってからねじ棒11Mを横断孔4aに挿入することになる。登り梁4の固定はねじ11Aa が第二シリンダナット10の固定用ねじ孔17のねじ部17aを螺進することによって達成されるから、図10の(b)のときのようなねじ止まりは許されなく、登り梁の厚みから螺合ねじ山数に過不足がないように計画するか、図14の(a)中の第二シリンダナット10Kのように、固定用ねじ孔17の全部をねじにしておく。 In this case, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, after the nut holder 9 is covered with the climbing beam 4, the screw rod 11M is inserted into the transverse hole 4a. The climbing beam 4 is fixed by the screw 11A a being screwed through the threaded portion 17a of the fixing screw hole 17 of the second cylinder nut 10. Therefore, the screw stop as shown in FIG. It is not allowed, and the thickness of the climbing beam is planned so that the number of screw threads is not excessive or insufficient, or the entire fixing screw hole 17 is made like the second cylinder nut 10K in FIG. 14 (a). Leave it on the screw.
いずれにしても、登り梁4が被さってしまうから、第二シリンダナット10,10Kの固定用ねじ孔17の向きが所望角度に保たれているかを目視できない。そこで、細いバーを挿入するなどして孔の向きを確認したり修正するか、登り梁の厚みを越える長い仮のスクリューバー(図示せず)を図10の(b)の段階で螺着するなどする。後者の場合、登り梁を降ろし終えるまで固定用ねじ孔17の向きを保っておき、仮のバーを抜いてねじ棒11Mと入れ替えるといった操作をすればよい。 In any case, since the climbing beam 4 is covered, it is impossible to visually check whether the direction of the fixing screw hole 17 of the second cylinder nut 10 or 10K is maintained at a desired angle. Therefore, the direction of the hole is confirmed or corrected by inserting a thin bar or the like, or a long temporary screw bar (not shown) exceeding the thickness of the climbing beam is screwed at the stage of FIG. 10 (b). Etc. In the latter case, the direction of the fixing screw hole 17 may be maintained until the climbing beam has been lowered, and the temporary bar may be removed and replaced with the screw rod 11M.
ナットホルダは第二シリンダナットを保持するもので接合部位に配置されること、第二シリンダナットは回動自在でありナットホルダには傾斜溝が形成されて、第二ねじロッドが第二シリンダナットを中心に傾動可能であることから、登り梁は常に直交した姿勢のねじロッドによって固定される。そのナットホルダは球形が最も良いが、これが図16に示したような円筒形のナットホルダ9Mとすることもできる。球形の場合ほどではないが占有容積も大きくならず、凹みでの接触面は投影面積の1.6倍程度で(πRL/2RL=π/2≒1.57:Rは円筒の半径、Lは円筒の長さ)、その部分に発生する面圧はやはり軽減される。このナットホルダ9Mを収容する凹みの全形は切削の都合上半円柱とはいかないが、半円柱状を含む略舟底状とした空間は大きな断面欠損をきたすことがない。 The nut holder holds the second cylinder nut and is arranged at the joint site, the second cylinder nut is rotatable, the nut holder is formed with an inclined groove, and the second screw rod is the second cylinder nut The climbing beam is always fixed by a threaded rod in an orthogonal posture. The nut holder is preferably spherical, but it may be a cylindrical nut holder 9M as shown in FIG. Although not as large as in the case of a sphere, the occupied volume does not increase, and the contact surface in the recess is about 1.6 times the projected area (πRL / 2RL = π / 2≈1.57: R is the radius of the cylinder, L is The length of the cylinder) and the surface pressure generated in that portion are also reduced. Although the whole shape of the recess for accommodating the nut holder 9M does not work as a semi-cylindrical for the convenience of cutting, the space having a substantially ship bottom shape including the semi-cylindrical shape does not cause a large cross-sectional defect.
本発明に係る緊締固定具やその固定法は、図15の(b)に示した構造体に対しても適用することができる。これは柱1の上に重ね合わせ面14Aが形成され、そこに登り梁4を載せたものである。その部材は柱と登り梁に限らないことは言うまでもなく、このように二部材からなる場合でも、そして、それがT形に接合される場合でも使用可能であることは、上記した説明からも把握できるところである。 The tightening fixture and the fixing method thereof according to the present invention can also be applied to the structure shown in FIG. In this example, an overlapping surface 14A is formed on the pillar 1, and the climbing beam 4 is placed thereon. It goes without saying that the members are not limited to pillars and climbing beams, and it can be understood from the above description that even if they are composed of two members in this way, and even if they are joined to a T shape, they can be used. I can do it.
1…木製柱、2…木製桁、2h…凹み、3…第一部材、3a…縦孔、4…登り梁、4a…横断孔、4h…凹み、5…第二部材、6…緊締金具、7…第一シリンダナット、7a…締結用ねじ孔、8…第一ねじロッド、8a…ヘッド、8A…スクリューバー、8B…スクリューキャップ、8M…ねじ棒、9,9M…ナットホルダ、10,10K…第二シリンダナット、11…第二ねじロッド、11a…ヘッド、11A…スクリューバー、11B…スクリューキャップ、11M…ねじ棒、14,14A…重ね合わせ面(接合部位)、15,16…回転操作部(レンチ孔)、17…固定用ねじ孔、17a…ねじ部、19…ナット受け孔、20…ロッド挿通孔、20a…開口、21…傾斜溝、22…嵌着座、24…六角レンチ(回転操作具)。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wooden pillar, 2 ... Wooden girder, 2h ... Depression, 3 ... First member, 3a ... Vertical hole, 4 ... Climbing beam, 4a ... Cross hole, 4h ... Depression, 5 ... Second member, 6 ... Fastening metal fitting, 7 ... 1st cylinder nut, 7a ... Screw hole for fastening, 8 ... 1st screw rod, 8a ... Head, 8A ... Screw bar, 8B ... Screw cap, 8M ... Screw rod, 9, 9M ... Nut holder, 10, 10K ... second cylinder nut, 11 ... second screw rod, 11a ... head, 11A ... screw bar, 11B ... screw cap, 11M ... screw rod, 14, 14A ... overlapping surface (joining part), 15, 16 ... rotation operation Part (wrench hole), 17 ... fixing screw hole, 17a ... screw part, 19 ... nut receiving hole, 20 ... rod insertion hole, 20a ... opening, 21 ... inclined groove, 22 ... fitting seat, 24 ... hexagon wrench (rotation) Operation tool).
Claims (8)
第一部材の中心部位で長手方向に延びる縦孔の底部近傍に形成した横断孔に埋設され、中間部位に締結用ねじ孔を備える第一シリンダナットと、
前記締結用ねじ孔に先端側を螺合させるべく第一部材と第二部材の接合部位から前記縦孔内を延び、基端側には回転操作部が形成されたヘッドを持つ第一ねじロッドと、
第二部材を直角に横切る横断孔に配置され、先端側を前記接合部位に位置させ、基端側には回転操作部が形成されたヘッドを持つ第二ねじロッドと、
該第二ねじロッドの先端部位が螺合される固定用ねじ孔を中間部位に備えた第二シリンダナットと、
前記接合部位に臨んで対向するよう第一部材と第二部材のそれぞれに設けた凹みに配置されるナットホルダとを備え
該ナットホルダには、中心部を貫通し前記第二シリンダナットを回動自在に嵌挿して支持するナット受け孔と、該ナット受け孔に直交し前記第二ねじロッドの先端部位を前記固定ねじ孔に到達させまた前記第一ねじロッドのヘッドを通過させる開口を持ったロッド挿通孔と、該ロッド挿通孔の開口縁の一部に形成され第二ねじロッドの第二シリンダナットを中心にした傾動を許容する傾斜溝と、前記ロッド挿通孔の底部に到達した第一ねじロッドのヘッドを止着させる嵌着座とが形成されていることを特徴とする木製交差構造体の緊締固定具。 The first member is formed by using a cylinder nut having a screw hole extending so as to traverse the second member that is inclined and in contact with the end of the first member at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, and a screw rod that is screwed to the cylinder nut. In the tightening bracket that is fixed to the member,
A first cylinder nut embedded in a transverse hole formed in the vicinity of the bottom of a longitudinal hole extending in the longitudinal direction at the central portion of the first member, and having a fastening screw hole at an intermediate portion;
A first screw rod having a head that extends through the longitudinal hole from a joint portion of the first member and the second member to screw the front end side into the fastening screw hole and has a rotary operation portion formed on the base end side. When,
A second screw rod having a head that is disposed in a transverse hole that crosses the second member at a right angle, a distal end side is positioned at the joining portion, and a rotation operation portion is formed on the proximal end side;
A second cylinder nut having a fixing screw hole at an intermediate portion to which a tip portion of the second screw rod is screwed;
A nut holder disposed in a recess provided in each of the first member and the second member so as to face each other at the joining portion, the nut holder penetrating through a central portion and rotating the second cylinder nut A nut receiving hole that is freely inserted and supported, and an opening that is perpendicular to the nut receiving hole and allows the tip portion of the second screw rod to reach the fixing screw hole and pass through the head of the first screw rod A rod insertion hole, an inclined groove formed at a part of the opening edge of the rod insertion hole and allowing tilting around the second cylinder nut of the second threaded rod, and a first reaching the bottom of the rod insertion hole A tightening fixture for a wooden cross structure, wherein a fitting seat for fastening a head of a screw rod is formed.
The screwing of the first threaded rod in the wooden cross structure tightening fixture according to claim 1 causes the head of the first threaded rod to be fastened to the fitting seat of the nut holder and the nut receiving hole to be secondly fastened. A method for tightening and fixing a wooden cross structure, comprising: inserting a cylinder nut and then rotating a rotary operating tool inserted into the rotary operating portion through the fixing screw hole.
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