JP2007321397A - Surface leveling apparatus and leveling method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a leveling apparatus which is simple in structure and automates leveling work of a covering material. <P>SOLUTION: There is constructed a tunnel 4 in the natural ground 3, and a surface of the tunnel 4 is covered with an inner wall 5. The tunnel 4 has a floor slab 7 arranged therein, on which the surface leveling apparatus 1 is arranged. The surface leveling apparatus 1 has a main body 9 which has arched rails 11a, 11b on an upper portion thereof. The rails 11a, 11b have arranged thereon the leveling device 13 having a roller, and a spray device 15 in a manner movable in directions B1, B2. When the covering material is arranged on the inner wall 5, the spray device 15 moves on the rails 11a, 11b in the directions B1, B2 while spraying the covering material into a gap between the inner wall 5 and the roller, and the leveling device 13 levels the covering material by moving on the rails 11a, 11b in the directions B1, B2 with the rollers kept rolling, to thereby apply the covering material to the inner wall 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface leveling device and a leveling method.

  In underground structures such as tunnels and shafts, a covering material for the purpose of fire resistance and corrosion prevention may be provided on the wall surface and ceiling after construction.

  As a method of providing a covering material, conventionally, an operator has a spray nozzle to spray the covering material, and then adjusts the covering material to a predetermined thickness. A method of performing a leveling operation of stripping the surface and then finishing it smoothly with a trowel has been used.

On the other hand, since the covering material generally has a high solidification rate and a large viscosity, the leveling work by human power is a heavy burden on the operator.
In particular, work on the side and upward is forced into an unreasonable working posture, so the burden is particularly large and the work efficiency is poor.

Therefore, there are cases where a sheet or a mold is provided on the wall surface, and the coating material is provided by spraying the coating material on a gap between the wall surface and the sheet or the mold frame, and the following is known (Patent Document 1). .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-119295

  However, such a method requires a large sheet and a large amount of formwork, and it is difficult to adjust the timing of installation of the sheet and formwork and the spraying of the coating material, and the structure of the apparatus is complicated. There was a problem of becoming.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a leveling device that can automate the leveling operation of the covering material with a simple structure.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the first invention is a surface leveling device for leveling a coating material sprayed on a wall surface and / or a ceiling surface of a structure, which is along the surface to be coated of the structure. A surface leveling device comprising: a rail having such a shape; and a leveling device provided on the rail so as to be movable and having a roller for leveling a covering material.

  The surface leveling device may further include a spraying device that is provided so as to be movable on the rail and sprays a coating material on the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface of the structure.

  The surface leveling device may further include a holding unit that holds the roller at a constant distance from the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface, and the holding unit includes the surface of the roller, the wall surface, and / or the ceiling. It may be a spacer provided between the surfaces, or between the rail and the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface.

  The roller is provided with a scraper for removing the covering material adhering to the surface of the roller.

  The rail is provided on a main body provided close to a wall surface and / or a ceiling surface of the structure, and the main body is movable in an axial direction of the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface of the structure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leveling device having a rail having a shape along the surface to be covered of the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface of the structure, and a roller that is movably provided on the rail and smoothes the covering material. And leveling the coating material sprayed on the wall and / or ceiling of the structure using
A step (a) of spraying a covering material on the wall surface and / or ceiling surface of the structure;
Leveling the covering material by moving on the rail while rotating the roller (b),
A leveling method characterized by comprising:
In the step (b), the roller may be rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the moving direction on the rail.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the leveling apparatus which can automate the leveling operation | work of a coating | covering material with a simple structure can be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a tunnel 4 provided with a surface leveling device 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed view near the device 13.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the natural ground 3 is provided with a tunnel 4, and the surface of the tunnel 4 is covered with an inner wall 5 made of segments or the like.
A floor slab 7 is provided inside the tunnel 4, and a surface leveling device 1 is provided on the floor slab 7.

The surface leveling device 1 has a main body 9, and leg portions 17 a and 17 b are provided at the lower portion of the main body 9.
Wheels 19a, 21a, 21b, 21c are provided at the ends of the legs 17a, 17b, and the surface leveling device 1 is driven by a driving device (not shown) in the axial direction of the tunnel 4, that is, in the direction C1 and C2 in FIG. It can move in the direction.

On the other hand, rails 11 a and 11 b having an arc shape are provided on the upper portion of the main body 9.
The shapes of the rails 11a and 11b correspond to the shape of the tunnel 4. For example, when the shape of the tunnel is a rectangle, the shape is a linear shape or a rectangular shape.

A leveling device 13 and a spraying device 15 are provided on the rails 11a and 11b.
The leveling device 13 and the spraying device 15 are movable on the rails 11a and 11b in the B2 direction and the B1 direction in FIG.

  The leveling device 13 is a device for leveling the coating material sprayed onto the inner wall 5, and has support portions 23a and 23b provided on the rails 11a and 11b as shown in FIGS. .

  Support portions 25a and 25b are provided at the ends of the support portions 23a and 23b. A cylindrical roller 27 for leveling the covering material is pivotally supported on the support portions 25a and 25b.

  The support portions 23a and 23b are members for moving the leveling device 13 on the rails 11a and 11b. The contact portions with the rails 11a and 11b are provided with moving means such as sliders and wheels (not shown). Yes.

  Further, the support portions 25a and 25b are provided with a scraper 35 having an L-shaped flat plate shape. The scraper 35 is provided so that one end thereof is close to the roller 27.

  The support portions 25a and 25b are members that support the roller 27, but can be moved in the directions F1 and F2 in FIG. 3 by an actuator (not shown) or the like, and also have a function of adjusting the distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5. Have.

The roller 27 is a member for leveling the coating material, and can level the coating material by the width L.
The scraper 35 is a member for scraping off the coating material adhering to the roller 35 during the leveling operation.

The spraying device 15 is a device for spraying a coating material on the inner wall 5 and has rails 29 provided on the rails 11a and 11b as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a support portion 31 is provided on the rail 29, and a spray nozzle 33 is provided on the support portion 31.

  The rail 29 is a member for moving the spraying device 15 on the rails 11a and 11b, and a moving means such as a slider or a wheel (not shown) is provided at a contact portion with the rails 11a and 11b.

  The support portion 31 is a device for moving the spray nozzle 33 on the rail 29, and can be moved in the directions D1 and D2 on the rail 29 by a slider, a vehicle, etc. (not shown) provided at the contact portion with the rail 29. It is.

  With this structure, the spray nozzle 33 can be moved by the width L of the roller 27.

Alternatively, the support portion 31 may be provided so as to be able to swing in the directions E1 and E2 by an actuator or the like (not shown) instead of moving on the rail 29.
With this structure, the spray nozzle 33 can spray the covering material by the width L of the roller 27.

  The support portion 31 has a function of moving in the directions I1, I2 and H1, H2 in FIG. 3 by an actuator or the like (not shown), and this function determines the distance and angle between the spray nozzle 33 and the inner wall 5. Used to adjust.

Next, the operation of the surface leveling device 1 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a view showing the operation of the surface leveling apparatus 1 when the covering material 37 is sprayed into the inner wall 5.

  First, the support portion 31 of the spraying device 15 is moved in the directions I1 and I2 and the directions H1 and H2 in FIG. 3 to adjust the distance and angle between the spray nozzle 33 and the inner wall 5.

  At the same time, the roller 27 of the leveling device 13 is held at a predetermined distance from the inner wall 5, which will be described in detail later.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the coating material 37 is sprayed from the spray nozzle 33 toward the gap between the inner wall 5 and the roller 27 (direction J1 in FIG. 4).
Thus, the roller 27 also serves as a guide when the spray nozzle 33 sprays the covering material 37, and also has an effect as a mold for preventing the covering material 37 from peeling off from the inner wall 5.

  The spraying device 15 moves in the direction D1, D2 or E1, E2 in FIG. 2 while the spray nozzle 33 sprays the coating material 37, so that the coating material 37 is sprayed by the width L of the roller 27. To.

When the covering material 37 is sprayed by the width L of the roller 27, the roller 27 moves in the B2 direction while rotating in the G2 direction.
At this time, when the roller 27 moves in the B2 direction, the covering material 37 is brought into close contact with the inner wall 5 and further molded to a constant thickness.

Furthermore, the roller 27 rotates in the G2 direction at the same time, so that the surface of the covering material 37 is finished smoothly.
That is, the roller 27 has a function as a guide when the covering material 37 is provided on the surface of the inner wall 5, a function as a mold, and a leveling member that makes the covering material 37 adhere to the inner wall 5 and is molded to a certain thickness. It has a function and a finishing function to smooth the surface.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a separate formwork or sheet, and the structure of the surface leveling device 1 is simple.

  The rotation direction of the roller is preferably the G2 direction. This is because when the coating material 37 is in a raised state when rotated in the G1 direction, the roller 27 takes in the coating material 38, so that there is a possibility that the coating material 37 cannot be formed to a certain thickness. is there.

  In the present embodiment, rotation in the G2 direction is defined as rotation in the direction opposite to the B2 direction, which is the moving direction of the roller 27, and rotation in the G1 direction is defined as rotation in the forward direction.

  Further, since the scraper 35 is provided in the vicinity of the roller 27 in the leveling device 13, the covering material 37 b attached to the roller 27 is scraped off by the scraper 35.

  Therefore, the coating material 37b does not remain attached to the roller 27, and the surface of the roller is always kept smooth.

  When the roller 27 travels in the direction of a constant distance B2, the spraying device 15 moves in the B2 direction while spraying the covering material 37.

  Thereafter, the roller 27 rotates in the G2 direction and moves in the B2 direction, and the spraying device 15 sprays the coating material 37 onto the inner wall 5 and the surface of the roller 27 while moving in the B2 direction in accordance with the movement of the roller 27.

  When the roller 27 moves to the ends of the rails 11a and 11b and the covering material 37 is provided on all the inner walls 5 in the moving range, the surface leveling device 1 is in the axial direction of the tunnel 4, that is, C1 and C2 in FIG. It moves in the direction by the width L of the roller 27, and spraying and leveling work of the covering material 37 is performed again using the spraying device 13 and the leveling device 15. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated.

  The work so far may be automatically controlled using a control device (not shown) or the operator may be able to directly control the operations of the spraying device 13 and the leveling device 15.

Finally, the operator performs final finishing and repair of the surface of the covering material 37 using a trowel or the like as necessary.
Thus, the covering material 37 is provided on the inner wall 5 in the tunnel 4.

  Thus, in the first embodiment, most of the spraying and leveling operations of the coating material 37 are automated by the surface leveling device 1.

Next, another embodiment will be described. In the following embodiments, elements that perform the same functions as those of the surface leveling apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As described above, the surface leveling device 1 is provided with holding means for holding the roller 27 at a constant distance from the inner wall 5 in order to form the covering material 37 to a constant thickness.
There are various holding means. Here, some examples will be introduced.

First, the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 5A is a view showing a surface leveling apparatus 1 a according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the roller 27.
As in the surface leveling apparatus 1 a shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, ring-shaped space rings 54 a and 54 b are provided at both ends of the roller 27.

In this case, the length of the space rings 54 a and 54 b is made substantially equal to the molding thickness of the covering material 37.
The distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 is kept constant by moving the support portions 25a and 25b in the F1 and F2 directions so as to keep the space rings 54a and 54b in contact with the inner wall 5.
Therefore, the covering material 37 can be formed to a constant thickness.

  Moreover, since the space rings 54a and 54b do not contact the coating surface, the surface of the coating material 37 can be kept smooth.

Next, a third embodiment will be described.
FIG.5 (c) is a figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1b which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, FIG.5 (d) is a perspective view which shows the preceding roller 27b of FIG.5 (c).
As shown in FIG. 5D, a preceding roller 27b that moves in the B2 direction is provided in advance of the roller 27.
As shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, a bar-like protrusion 53b is provided on the surface of the preceding roller 27b.
The preceding roller 27b is connected to the support portion 25a via the support plates 28a and 28b. When the leveling device 13a moves in the B2 direction, the preceding roller 27b also moves in the B2 direction.
The preceding roller 27b can rotate in the G1 and G2 directions.
That is, the distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 is kept constant by moving the support portions 25a and 25b in the F1 and F2 directions so that the rod-shaped protrusion 53b is kept at the last distance where the rod-shaped protrusion 53b contacts the inner wall 5.
Here, since the rod-shaped protrusion 53b is provided not on the roller 27 but on the preceding roller 27b, the protrusion does not contact the covering surface, and the surface of the covering material 37 can be kept smooth.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described.
Fig.6 (a) is a figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1c which concerns on 4th Embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the rails 11a and 11b are made of a flexible material, and like the surface leveling device 1c shown in FIG. 6 (a), the inner wall 5 and the rails 11a and 11b A spacer 55 having a certain length is provided between the rails 11 a and 11 b so as to be in close contact with the spacer 55. In this case, the support portions 25a and 25b do not move in the F1 and F2 directions, and are held so that the distance between the roller 27 and the rails 11a and 11b is constant.

  With such a configuration, the distance between the rails 11a and 11b and the inner wall 5 can be kept constant, so the distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 is also constant, and the covering material 37 is formed with a constant thickness. can do.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described.
FIG. 6B is a view showing a surface leveling apparatus 1d according to the fifth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6B, a rod-shaped spacer 55 b having a certain length is provided between the inner wall 5 and the roller 27, and a rail 56 is provided between the spacer 55 b and the roller 27. The spacer 55b and the rail 56 are in close contact with each other.

When the support portions 25a and 25b are moved in the directions F1 and F2 so that the roller 27 is always in contact with the rail 56, the distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 is constant, and the covering material 37 is constant. Can be molded to a thickness of
Further, since the spacer 55b has a rod shape, the wire mesh 34 for fixing the covering material 37 provided on the inner wall 5 can be avoided.

Next, a sixth embodiment will be described.
FIG.6 (c) is a figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1e which concerns on 6th Embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6C, a rod-shaped spacer 55 c having a certain length is provided between the inner wall 5 and the roller 27, and the rollers 32 a and 32 b are provided so as to contact the roller 27. Then, the caterpillar 58 is wound around the rollers 32a and 32b. The caterpillar 58 is provided so as to be substantially parallel to the inner wall 5.
That is, when the roller 27 rotates in the G2 direction, the rollers 32a and 32b rotate in the G1 direction, and the surface of the caterpillar 58 facing the inner wall 5 moves in the B2 direction (is this description correct?).

If the support portions 25a and 25b are moved in the directions F1 and F2 so that the caterpillar 58 is always in contact with the spacer 55c, the distance between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 becomes constant, and the covering material 37 becomes constant. Can be molded to a thickness of
Further, since the spacer 55b has a rod shape, the wire mesh 34 for fixing the covering material 37 provided on the inner wall 5 can be avoided.

Alternatively, a sensor (not shown) that measures the distance between the wall surface 5 and these members is installed on any of the support portions 23a, 23b, 25a, 25b, and the rails 11a, 11b of the leveling device 13a, and the distance measured by the sensor A means for moving the support portions 25a and 25b in the F1 and F2 directions so as to be a predetermined distance is also conceivable.
Also by such means, the covering material 37 can be formed to a constant thickness.

Next, a seventh embodiment will be described.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a surface leveling apparatus 1f shown in the seventh embodiment.
In a structure in which the height of the inner wall changes continuously as in the tunnel 4, the coating material 37 is sprayed while the leveling device 13 and the spraying device 15 are moved from the lowest part to the highest part of the inner wall. It is desirable to perform leveling work.

By spraying in this way, it is possible to prevent the covering material 37 from being peeled off from the inner wall 5.
In order to enable such work, leveling devices 13a and 13b and spraying devices 15a and 15b may be provided like a surface leveling device 1f shown in FIG.

  In this case, from the lowest part of the inner wall 5, the leveling device 13a and the spraying device 15a are sprayed while moving in the B1 direction, and the leveling device 13b and the spraying device 15b are moved in the B2 direction. While spraying, perform leveling work.

  By adopting such a configuration and work procedure, the covering material 37 can be sprayed and leveled from the lowest part to the highest part of the inner wall 5 over the entire inner wall 5.

  Thus, according to each embodiment mentioned above, surface leveling device 1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f was provided so that movement on rails 11a, 11b and rails 11a, 11b was possible. The leveling device 13 and the spraying device 15 are provided, and the leveling device 13 and the spraying device 15 spray and cover the covering material 37 while moving on the rails 11a and 11b.

  Accordingly, the leveling operation of the covering material can be automated, and workability efficiency is increased.

  Further, the roller 27 provided in the leveling device 13 has a function as a mold when the covering material 37 is provided on the surface of the inner wall 5, so there is no need to prepare a separate mold, sheet, or the like. The structures of the surface leveling devices 1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, and 1f are simple.

Next, an eighth embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a tunnel 4 provided with a surface leveling device 1g according to an eighth embodiment.
In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the element which performs the function similar to the surface leveling apparatus 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the surface leveling device 1g according to the eighth embodiment is not provided with a spraying device, and an operator prepares the spraying device 15 separately and sprays it manually.

That is, when performing the spraying and leveling work, the worker 51 sprays the covering material on the gap between the roller 27 and the inner wall 5 using the spraying device 15.
At the same time, the leveling device 15 moves in the B2 direction while leveling the coating material while rotating the roller 27 in the G2 direction.

  When the roller 27 moves to the ends of the rails 11a and 11b and the covering material 37 is provided on all the inner walls 5 in the moving range, the surface leveling device 1g is equal to the width L of the roller 27 in the axial direction of the tunnel 4. Moving.

  The operator 51 sprays the covering material again using the spraying device 13, and the surface leveling device 1 performs the leveling operation again using the roller 27 of the leveling device 15. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated.

Finally, the operator performs final finishing and repair of the surface of the covering material using a trowel or the like as necessary.
In this way, the coating material is provided on the inner wall 5 in the tunnel 4.

As described above, according to the eighth embodiment, the surface leveling device 1g includes the leveling device 13 that is provided so as to be movable on the rails 11a and 11b and the rails 11a and 11b. While moving on the rails 11a and 11b, the worker 45 automatically performs the leveling operation of the coating material sprayed using the spraying device 15.
Accordingly, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

  Further, according to the eighth embodiment, since the surface leveling device 1g is not provided with a spraying device, the structure is further simplified.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, the technical scope of this invention is not influenced by embodiment mentioned above. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that it belongs.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the leveling device 13 and the spraying device 15 are provided on the two rails 11a and 11b, but may be provided on one rail.

Sectional drawing which shows the tunnel 4 provided with the surface leveling apparatus 1 1. A direction arrow view of FIG. Detailed view of the vicinity of the leveling device 13 in FIG. The figure which shows operation | movement of the surface leveling apparatus 1 at the time of spraying the coating | covering material 37 in the inner wall 5 The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1a Perspective view of roller 27 The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1b A perspective view showing the preceding roller 27b The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1c The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1d The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1e The figure which shows the surface leveling apparatus 1f Sectional drawing which shows the tunnel 4 provided with the surface leveling apparatus 1g

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Surface leveling device 1d ... Surface leveling device 3 ... Ground 4 ... Tunnel 5 ... Internal wall 7 ... Floor plate 9 ... Main body 11a ... ... Rail 13 ......... Leveling device 15 ...... Blowing device 17a ... Leg 19a ... Wheel 23a ... Support portion 25a ... Support portion 27 ......... Roller 29 ......... Rail 31 ......... Support portion 33 ......... Blow nozzle 35 ......... Scraper 37 ......... Coating material 53 ......... Bar-shaped protrusion 55 ......... Spacer

Claims (8)

A surface leveling device for leveling a coating material sprayed on a wall surface and / or ceiling surface of a structure,
A rail having a shape along the surface to be covered of the structure;
A leveling device provided on the rail so as to be movable, and having a roller for leveling the covering material;
A surface leveling apparatus comprising:   The surface leveling device according to claim 1, further comprising a spraying device that is movably provided on the rail and sprays a coating material on a wall surface and / or a ceiling surface of the structure.   2. The surface leveling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising holding means for holding the roller at a constant distance from the wall surface and / or the ceiling surface.   The said holding | maintenance means is a spacer provided between the surface of the said roller and the said wall surface and / or ceiling surface, or between the said rail and the said wall surface and / or ceiling surface, The Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Surface leveling device.   The surface leveling device according to claim 1, wherein the roller is provided with a scraper for removing the covering material adhering to the surface of the roller.   2. The surface leveling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rail is provided on a main body provided close to the structure, and the main body is movable in an axial direction of the structure. A structure using a rail having a shape that follows a surface to be covered of a wall surface and / or a ceiling surface of a structure, and a leveling device that is movably provided on the rail and has a roller for leveling the covering material. A leveling method for leveling a coating material sprayed on a wall surface and / or ceiling surface of an object,
A step (a) of spraying a covering material on the wall surface and / or ceiling surface of the structure;
Leveling the covering material by moving on the rail while rotating the roller (b),
A leveling method comprising:   The leveling method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (b), the roller is rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the moving direction on the rail.

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