JP2007319002A - Algae-treating ship and algae-treating system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an algae-treating ship efficiently collecting and treating algae. <P>SOLUTION: The algae-treating ship S has a treating ship body 10 capable of navigating a water area, an inactivating apparatus 12 loaded on the treating ship body 10 and losing buoyancy of algae, a collecting means 14 loaded on the treating ship body 10 and leading algae in the water area to the inactivating apparatus 12. The treating ship body 10 is navigated to the water area in which algae are grown and algae in the water area are collected and led to the inactivating apparatus and buoyancy of algae is lost and algae is released. As a result, algae are precipitated and proliferation of algae can be prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an algae treatment ship used for preventing the large growth and spread of algae called aoko that occur in lakes, reservoirs, dams, and the like.

  In recent years, due to eutrophication, large numbers of blue-green algae called blue-green algae have occurred in various lakes, reservoirs, dams, reservoirs, waterways, or water tanks, etc., causing bad odors, landscape deterioration, and purification of water purification plants It causes problems such as process failures.

  Currently, as a countermeasure, aeration circulation (all layer aeration / surface aeration / deep water aeration), physical control (cloth / centrifugation / pressurization / microstrainer), selective discharge (surface discharge / arbitrary layer discharge), dredging / low quality Treatment (dripping / drying / removing low mud), river inflow countermeasures (chemical restraint / deputy dam / purification facilities), plant purification / flow channel conversion, purification water introduction, fountain, etc.

  For example, in aeration circulation and selective discharge, there are problems such as vague effects and high equipment costs and processing costs. In addition to the power costs and labor costs of the pumps that are taken up, there are still problems such as the huge amount of disposal costs because the picked up sea bream becomes industrial waste.

  On the other hand, as a sterilization method in water, a pulse discharge method is known in which a pulse high voltage is applied between electrodes immersed in water to be treated. In pulse discharge in water, ultraviolet rays, shock waves, and radicals are generated near the discharge path. This method has features such as no use of chemicals, instant treatment, low running costs, no generation of resistant bacteria, and no increase in the temperature of treated water.

  In the case where there is a watermelon near the discharge path, the bubbles inside the cell are destroyed by the generated shock wave and high electric field, so that the watermelon settles down. In addition to the destruction of bubbles, the inside of the cell may be partially destroyed in the region where the electric field strength is high, and the aiko will die without being able to maintain life activity. In the pulse discharge type treatment, the generated impact pressure is instantaneous, so the water in the discharge path and the vicinity thereof hardly moves, and a new flow due to discharge does not occur. For this reason, sea cucumbers after treatment in a water area where there is no water flow will sink vertically, and algae will not diffuse due to the treatment itself. The sea cucumber before and after treatment settles in several minutes to several tens of hours because there is no large specific gravity difference. The settled sea cucumber will eventually be unable to carry out photosynthesis due to the low water temperature and the low amount of sunlight, and will become dormant and unable to multiply. For example, Document 1 discloses a technique for precipitating aquatic plants using underwater pulse discharge.

JP 2003-200172 A

  Algae that cause the occurrence of blue sea breams breed when conditions such as nutrients in water, temperature, and amount of sunlight overlap. In a stagnant water area such as a lake, a predetermined temperature distribution is created in the depth direction for each season. In summer, a temperature climatic layer is formed in which the temperature changes abruptly in the range of 0 to 15 m below the surface of the water, and it is thought that sea lions grow and proliferate in the region above such a temperature climatic layer. The generated sea bream rises and floats near the surface of the water, but the floating sea bream moves on the surface of the lake in order to ride on the water current and the wind blowing on the surface of the lake, and it is easy to stop water on the shore, wand, structure, etc. Gather in part. In order to remove / prevent the water in the lake, not only the central part of the lake, but also the moving and parked aquatic must be targeted.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an algal treatment ship that solves the problems related to conventional algae treatment and efficiently collects and treats algae.

  In order to achieve the object, an algal treatment ship according to claim 1 is provided with a treatment ship main body capable of navigating a water area, an inactivation device mounted on the treatment ship main body and losing alga buoyancy, and the treatment It is mounted on a ship body and has a collecting means for guiding algae in the water area to the inactivation device.

  According to the invention described in claim 1, by navigating the treatment ship main body to the water area where algae are generated, collecting the algae in the water area, guiding them to an inactivation device, and releasing the algae by losing its buoyancy , Sediment the algae and prevent their growth.

The algae treatment ship according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the collection means can be separated from the main body of the treatment ship.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, by operating the collecting means separately from the main body of the processing vessel, the algae in the shallow water or the narrow water area is guided to the inactivation device and can be processed.

The algae treatment ship according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, the algae treatment ship has means for circulating the treated water after the algae sedimentation treatment and can perform sedimentation treatment a plurality of times.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, by circulating the treated water after the algal sedimentation treatment, the sedimentation treatment can be performed a plurality of times, and the treated water containing a large amount of algae can be sequentially delayed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the algae treatment ship according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein the circulation means has a sedimentation tank and circulates the treated water while allowing the algae to settle.
According to the invention described in claim 4, the algae in the treated water is settled and separated in the settling tank while the treated water is circulating.

The algae treatment ship according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4, wherein the sedimentation tank is formed in a water area around the main body of the treatment ship by a sedimentation tank forming means mounted on the main body of the treatment ship. It is characterized by.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the sedimentation tank is formed in the water area around the main body of the processing ship by the sedimentation tank forming means mounted on the main body of the processing ship.

The algae treatment system according to claim 6 includes a treatment ship having an inactivation device for losing the buoyancy of algae, and an external guiding means for guiding the algae in the water area to the inactivation device.
In the algae processing system according to the sixth aspect, the algae in the water area are guided to the inactivation device by an external guiding means and are efficiently processed.

  According to invention of Claim 1 thru | or 6, algae can be collected and processed efficiently.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on embodiments of the invention described in the drawings.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams showing an overall configuration of an algae processing ship (hereinafter, processing ship) S according to an embodiment of the present invention. The treatment ship S includes a treatment ship main body 10 that can move in a predetermined water area such as a lake, and an algae treatment device 12 mounted thereon. The algae treatment device 12 collects algae such as sea cucumbers floating near the water surface and guides them to the algae treatment device 12, an inactivation device 16 that destroys bubbles of the collected algae and loses buoyancy, and a treatment ship It is provided with a sedimentation tank forming means 20 for forming a sedimentation tank 18 installed around the main body 10 for sedimenting algae.

  If the processing ship main body 10 is equipped with the capability and structure which mounts the algae processing apparatus 12, an appropriate | suitable form can be employ | adopted. Shown is a simple catamaran having a main plate 22, a sub-plate 26 coupled to the main plate 22 by a connecting plate 24 extending laterally therefrom, and a float 28 installed in each part. A main part of the algae treatment device 12 is mounted on the main plate 22, and an inactivation device 16 is installed in the lower part thereof. In addition, drive devices, such as a screw, an engine, and a driver's cab, are abbreviate | omitting illustration. The catamaran can move to a shallow place, and there is an advantage that the inactivation device 16 can be installed at the center directly below the hull. Of course, other types of boats may be used, or a type of boat that is towed and moved by another boat may be used.

  The inactivation device 16 is a pulse discharge processing device in this embodiment, and includes a duct 30 extending from the bow of the processing ship main body 10 to the stern, an (high voltage) electrode 32 disposed in the duct 30, and an electrode 32. And a grounding electrode (duct 30) for applying a high-voltage pulse to cause a pulse discharge and a discharge device 34 having a discharge board. The front end of the duct 30 communicates with the collecting device 14, and the rear end communicates with the discharge port 36.

  Two pumps 38 a and 38 b for water supply and an inlet 40 and an outlet 42 that open to the settling tank 18 are provided at the front and rear portions of the duct 30. In this example, the inlet 40 and the outlet 42 are provided on the left and right, respectively, but only one of them may be provided. The rear-stage pump 38b is used to form a circulating flow, as will be described later, and sets a larger amount of drainage than the front-stage pump 38a. The difference between the drainage amounts of the two pumps 38a and 38b is the circulation amount. The circulation inlet 40 and the outlet 42 are opened at the same level as the water surface, and the algae floating in the duct 30 are easily discharged from the outlet 42 and are easily taken in from the circulation inlet. The cross-sectional shape of the duct 30 may be round or square. When pulse discharge is used as the inactivation device 16, the electric field strength must be uniform, and a round shape is desirable. Although the discharge port 36 is shown in parallel with the water surface in FIG. 1, it may be directed toward the bottom of the lake. In this case, not only can the algae settle after the treatment, but also the growth can be suppressed by moving to a low water temperature region.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a discharge electrode 32 disposed in the duct 30. (A) is a rod-like or needle-like electrode 32, and (b) is a line electrode 32. In the case of (a), in order to widen the discharge region and easily cause discharge, it is desirable to use a multi-core electric wire or wire and make the tip into a brush shape. In either case, the discharge path progresses radially toward the wall surface of the duct 30. In order to easily replace the electrode 32, it is desirable to fix it to the duct 30 using a flange. When a plurality of electrodes 32 are arranged, it is preferable to arrange a metal mesh between the electrodes 32 so that the electric fields are not affected by each other. In the case of pulse discharge, either arc discharge or streamer discharge is possible, but streamer discharge is desirable. As shown in the figure, it is desirable to set the processing vessel main body 10 to the ground potential for safety, and it is desirable to apply a positive voltage to the electrodes in order to widen the discharge region.

  As described above, there are arc discharge and streamer discharge in the pulse discharge method for the treatment of the water. In the case of arc discharge, the main effect is a strong impact generated from the arc point. Since the shock wave propagates in water, it is sufficient that a voltage necessary for dielectric breakdown can be applied to the electrode, and an extremely high voltage is not necessary. In order to generate streamer discharge, a high voltage is required. However, if the voltage is too high, there is a problem of insulation measures in terms of cost and size in parts and devices, and there is a practical voltage. When arc discharge is used as the mode of pulse discharge, the voltage applied to the electrode is preferably 1 kV to 100 kV, and preferably 5 kV to 30 kV. When streamer discharge is used, the voltage is 10 kV to 300 kV, preferably 50 kV to 180 kV. The pulse power supply mounted on the processing vessel can adjust the voltage in the streamer discharge range.

  As a preliminary experiment, Aoko (mainly microkistis) collected from a reservoir was placed in a 12 L metal container, and an electrode was placed in the center of the metal container to perform a pulse discharge treatment. The pulse voltage is 156 kV and the number of discharges is 1 to 6 times. (A) In order to investigate the color change of the watermelon after the discharge treatment, photographs were taken of the watermelon that had not been treated and after discharge six times, and the change was observed. (b) In order to investigate the change in the sedimentation of the ako due to the discharge treatment, the ako after untreated and 1,3,6 discharges were transferred to 50cc containers, and all the containers were allowed to stand after stirring at the same time. The sedimentation state after time was photographed to compare sedimentation properties.

As a result, (a) the untreated aoko was yellow-green, whereas the ako after six discharges changed to a dark green color. This is thought to be because the transmittance / reflectance of the sea bream changed due to the destruction of the bubbles. With a single discharge, the water in the discharge region centered on the electrode tip reacts almost completely. For this reason, it has been clarified that it is effective not to overlap the discharge areas, and it is necessary to discharge the aoko only once.
In addition, (b) as the number of discharges increased, the amount of aquatic precipitation increased. Almost all of the sea urchins were precipitated after 6 discharges. Since each discharge is agitated and processed, there are some sea cucumbers that have been discharged many times. On average, 2L can be processed with one discharge.

  In the case of treatment by streamer discharge, the size of the streamer discharge region is a sphere having a diameter of 0.1 m to 0.3 m centering on the electrode tip. When the diameter of the processing duct is close to this size, the discharge channel generated from the electrode tip often reaches the wall surface and shifts from streamer discharge to arc discharge. Once the arc discharge is generated, a large sound accompanied by a shock wave and damage due to evaporation of the wall surface and the electrode tip are generated. It is desirable to maintain a sufficient distance between the electrode tip and the duct wall surface in order to avoid the transition to arc discharge. However, aquatic that does not contact the discharge area will not be affected, so it should not be too long. Don't be. Considering the size of the discharge region in the voltage range described above, a duct with a diameter of 0.15 m to 0.5 m is attached in accordance with the change in water quality (electrical conductivity) of the target treated water.

  In this treatment ship, weir plates can be attached to the inlet and outlet of the treatment duct to limit the water depth taken from the water surface. In the treated water in which the water is uniformly dispersed, the water is first taken up to a depth of about 50 cm, but if the water is concentrated near the water surface, the uptake depth can be adjusted from about 20 cm to 5 cm. It has a structure like this.

  As described above, in order to avoid the transition to arc discharge, the discharge sphere, which is a spherical discharge region generated by discharge, is prevented from reaching the duct wall surface. . When two or more pulse discharge devices are loaded on a treatment vessel, if the inside of the duct flows in a laminar flow with a uniform concentration, the treated water that has been discharged once will be discharged again, and the treatment efficiency will be improved. descend. For this reason, the screw in the duct not only feeds water but also stirs the treated water, thereby efficiently discharging the watermelon and reducing power consumption.

The treatment flow rate is determined by the performance of the screw in the duct, but there is an appropriate relationship between the flow rate and the discharge frequency (frequency) when performing efficient treatment. If the flow rate is low, even if the frequency of discharge is increased, the efficiency will deteriorate due to an increase in the overlap of the spherical discharge areas. Conversely, if the flow rate is high, the discharge areas will be generated at intervals. It is a bad process. In the case of the most efficient process, a spherical discharge region generated by each discharge is in contact with each other, and the relationship is as shown in Expression (1).
v = R × f (1)
Here, v [m / sec] is a flow velocity, R [m] is a discharge area range (sphere diameter), and f [Hz] is a discharge frequency.

Therefore, the operation of this processing ship is controlled so as to satisfy the relationship of the expression (1). The volumetric efficiency η per pulse discharge power supply at this time is η = (4/3 × 3.14 × (R / 2) ³ ) / (3.14 × (D / 2) ² × R) where D is the duct diameter. 3)
It becomes. For example, when R = 0.1m and D = 0.2m, η = 16.7%, and the efficiency η ′ when there are n pulse power supplies in one duct is
η '= (1- (1-η) ⁿ ) (4)
become. When two pulse power sources are installed, if processing is performed so that the treated water circulates six times in the sedimentation layer, 90% or more of the sea cucumber is processed. Regardless of the duct diameter, by specifying the duct diameter, control is performed so as to satisfy the required number of sedimentation layer circulations so that the treatment rate is 90% or more.

  A flow meter is attached to the processing duct to monitor the actual flow rate of the screw. A turbidity meter is also installed at the duct inlet. Usually, the turbidity corresponds to the auko concentration. By referring to the data measured by the turbidimeter, if the concentration of the blue-green is sufficiently low, in addition to the above control of the number of circulations, it is possible to complete the processing without performing unnecessary circulation.

  The treatment by the pulse discharge treatment apparatus as described above has an advantage that algal cells are not destroyed and the power consumption is low. Of course, bubble destruction means such as ultrasonic waves, ozone, cavitation, ultraviolet light, pressurization, vacuum, aeration, and explosion may be used, but these methods consume more power than pulse discharge. It can also be used with methods such as ultraviolet rays and ozone, but these methods mainly function to destroy cell membranes rather than destroy bubbles, and diosmine, 2-MIB, and toxicity that cause mold odor due to cell membrane destruction. Intracellular substances such as micro-chistin will flow out.

  In this embodiment, the collection device 14 includes a fixed collection device 44 attached to the processing ship main body 10 and a movable collection device 46 that is movable. The fixed collection device 44 takes in algae that moves by the flow of the lake and the wind, and is installed at the front end side of the duct 30 and has a suction portion 48 that spreads outward in a trumpet shape. The fixed collection device 44 may be simply composed of the float 28 and the sheet 50, or may be a funnel-like structure. The water depth of the suction part 48 is between the water surface and the temperature rise layer, but is preferably 50 cm or less, and more preferably 20 cm or less. When the sheet 50 is a mesh or a filter cloth, algae can be concentrated and collected.

  An algae sensor such as a chlorophyll measuring device or a turbidimeter can be attached to the tip of the suction portion 48, and control such as starting operation when algae of a certain concentration or more flows in can be performed. Alternatively, the collecting device 14 may be moved up and down in the direction of water depth and combined with an algae sensor so as to suck in water at the depth of the most algae. You may make it attach to the front-end | tip of the suction part 48 the driftwood prevention which prevents inflow of a driftwood, garbage, and dead leaves. This driftwood protection may be a lattice or a mesh. This driftwood awning also serves to prevent fish from entering.

  FIG. 4 (a) shows a modification of the fixed collection device 44, in which a water flow generator is attached to the inside of the suction portion 48 to promote the feeding of algae. Since the algae can be easily retained on the wall surface, the algae can be easily transferred to the apparatus by this water flow generator.

  FIG. 4B is a view when the bottom of the suction part 48 is inclined and an algae scooping device 54 having a rotating belt 52 is provided inside. This method is effective when algae are present near the water surface. You may make it concentrate algae by comprising a pumping part with a filtration membrane. Further, when there is no pumping-up portion, concentration and collection can be performed by combining the rotary belt 52 with a scraper by using a nonwoven fabric or the like. FIG. 4 (c) is a diagram in the case where an openable / closable algae scraping device 55 is attached to the tip of the collecting device 14. As a result, the algae uptake region can be widened, and by closing the scraping device 55, it is possible to process the algae that have been scraped further without missing.

  The mobile collection device 46 includes a small suction part 48 a and a pump 38 c, and is connected to the duct 30 by a flexible hose 56. FIG. 5 includes a suction portion 48 a similar to the stationary collection device 44 and the float 28. By changing the attachment depth of the float 28, the take-in depth can be changed. The suction depth of this device is preferably 50 cm or less, more preferably 20 cm or less from the water surface. The suction portion 48a is provided with a handle (not shown), and for example, the suction operation is performed by manpower from the ship or by a machine such as a crane.

  Lakes often have complex terrain, and there are many cases where the treatment ship S cannot approach the water area where algae are generated. Since algae often stays in the case of a wand or structure in which water is likely to stay, it is effective to collect the algae with a small mobile collection device 46. In particular, the run-up part and the shallow part of the shore have the possibility of being a source of algae, so they can be anchored at these places.

  FIG. 6 shows another modification, which is a mobile collecting device 46 for collecting algae existing on the outermost surface layer of the water surface. The whole shape of the suction portion 48b is flat, and suction ports are uniformly opened around the periphery. In addition, a submersible pump 38d is provided at the center. As in the previous case, the suction port is set to a position lower than the water surface by changing the attachment depth of the float 28. In this apparatus, the surface layer algae flow from the end of the suction portion 48b toward the center, so that the surface layer algae can be taken in from all directions. The depth of incorporation of this device is preferably 20 cm or less, preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 2 cm or less.

  The settling tank 18 includes a partition screen 60 that extends from the processing vessel main body 10 so as to surround the processing vessel main body 10 and hangs down from the frame 58, and these are rolled up when the processing vessel S sails to the destination. Alternatively, the frame body 58 can be stored on the processing ship main body 10. The frame body 58 and the partition screen 60 constitute the sedimentation tank forming means 20. A float 28 is attached to the frame 58 to reduce the load when the screen 60 is supported on the water. The depth of the partition screen 60 does not need to reach the bottom of the lake, and may be, for example, a temperature climb where it is considered that algae are generated. This temperature climax varies depending on the topography of lakes and marshes and the amount of water in the inflowing river, but it is usually 20 m or less from the water surface. Especially in the midsummer season, this depth is preferable because it becomes as shallow as 5 m. In a water area where the water depth is shallow and there is no temperature climbing layer, the partition screen 60 may be long enough to dam the floating algae. Since the partition screen 60 is supported by the processing vessel main body 10, it is possible to move the processing vessel main body 10 with the sedimentation tank 18 installed as long as the speed is not high.

  The operation of the processing ship S configured as above will be described. The processing ship S navigates to a target place with the frame body 58 and the partition screen 60 stored therein, and develops them to form the sedimentation tank 18. It is also possible to install a maneuvering system in which an anemometer is attached to the processing ship S and the bow is automatically directed to the windward based on the data. As a result, algae flowing in the wind can be efficiently recovered. It is also possible to easily go upwind by attaching a sail to the upper part of the processing vessel. This treatment ship has a symmetrical shape and can take in algae from either direction. It is also possible to change the direction of water flow in the duct based on the information from the anemometer. In places where it is difficult to supply power such as lakes, it is also possible to supply power necessary for processing using a battery such as a solar cell or a fuel cell. The treated water is collected using the fixed collection device 44 and / or the movable collection device 46 and is introduced into the duct 30 of the inactivation device 16 to be subjected to a pulse discharge treatment.

  In pulse discharge in water, a discharge path is formed from the tip of the electrode 32 in water, and ultraviolet rays, shock waves, high electric fields, and radicals are generated. When algae exist in the vicinity of the discharge path, the algae settle due to destruction of bubbles in the cells by the generated shock waves and high electric field. Further, not only the destruction of bubbles but also the inside of the cell may be partially destroyed in the region where the electric field strength is high, and the algae die without being able to maintain life activity. In the pulse discharge type treatment, the generated impact pressure is instantaneous, so the water in the discharge path and the vicinity thereof hardly moves, and a new flow due to discharge does not occur. For this reason, the algae after treatment in the water area where there is no water flow settle vertically. The treated algae-containing water is partly discharged from the outlet 36 and partly from the outlet 42 to the settling tank 18. Since the outflow port 42 is open to the water surface, a large amount of floating algae are discharged from here.

  Since the rear-stage pump 38b has a larger amount of drainage than the front-stage pump 38a, a circulating flow as shown in the figure is formed in the settling tank 18. Since the circulation flow is obtained by the difference in the amount of drainage between the two pumps 38a and 38b, the circulation flow rate can be adjusted by adjusting this. While the treated water discharged from the outlet 42 flows in the settling tank 18, the algae whose bubbles are broken are settled and separated. The undestructed algae stays floating and eventually rides on the circulating flow and flows into the duct 30 from the inlet 40 and undergoes a discharge treatment. By repeatedly circulating in this way, treated water having a high algal concentration can be treated.

  The ratio of the treated water taken in from the collection device 14 and the amount to circulate is determined mainly by the amount of algae contained in the treated water and the effectiveness of bubble destruction by the discharge treatment. If the amount of algae is large, or if the type of algae is difficult to settle, adjust to reduce the suction rate ratio of the upstream pump 38a in order to increase the ratio of the circulation rate, and conversely, if the amount of algae is small Alternatively, when the algae are of a type that tends to settle, adjustment is made to reduce the suction amount ratio of the rear-stage pump 38b in order to reduce the ratio of the circulation amount.

  Thus, by using the sedimentation tank 18, it is possible to ensure a sufficient treatment time for the taken-in treated water. That is, when the algae concentration is high, in the direct treatment of the duct 30, the algae that are not sufficiently treated are treated while circulating through the closed water area without being discharged as they are. In addition, the treated water treated in the duct 30 sinks the deactivated algae while passing through the settling tank 18, so that when returning to the duct 30, the algae are reduced and the treatment efficiency is increased. As a circulation processing method, a method in which the inlet 40 and the outlet 42 are connected by piping and returned can be considered. However, in that case, the equipment becomes excessive, and a means for separating the sedimented in the middle is provided. It will be even bigger. As in this embodiment, if the periphery of the treatment ship body 10 is surrounded by a screen 60 to create a closed region and circulate, the facility cost can be reduced and an action of separating naturally algae can be obtained.

  FIG. 7 shows a modification in which the circulation amount is adjusted more effectively. In this embodiment, on-off valves 62a to 62d are provided at the front and rear end portions of the duct 30, the inlet 40 and the outlet 42, respectively, and the flow rate directly passing through the duct 30 is adjusted by adjusting the on-off valves 62a to 62d. Each circulating flow rate can be adjusted. Algae concentration is determined based on signals from chlorophyll meters and turbidimeters installed in ducts and settling tanks. That is, when the algae concentration is low, as shown in FIG. 8A, if the on-off valves 62b and 62c leading to the sedimentation tank 18 are closed, all the processing directly passes through the duct 30. In this case, since the sedimentation tank 18 is not used, the frame 58 and the screen 60 can be processed in the storage state, and therefore, the processing can be performed even during navigation.

  When the algal concentration is at a medium level, all the on-off valves 62a to 62d are opened as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the processing mode is the same as that in FIG. 2, and the predetermined circulation ratio is obtained by the difference between the flow rates of the pumps 38 a and 38 b. When the algal concentration is high, floating algae accumulate in the sedimentation tank 18 when operating in the operation mode of FIG. In that case, as shown in FIG. 8C, the on-off valves 62b and 62c leading to the settling tank 18 are opened, the on-off valves 62a and 62d of the inflow port 40 and the discharge port 36 are closed, and complete circulation processing is performed. To do. In this case, the preceding pump 38a is stopped. Thus, in this embodiment, an efficient operation mode can be selected according to the situation.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment for preventing the algae from staying in the sedimentation tank 18. FIG. 9A shows a sedimentation tank circulation means using a screw 64. The screw 64 is arranged at one place or several places, and the algae of the treated water discharged from the outlet 42 of the duct 30 is transferred to the inlet 40 without stopping. FIG. 9B shows that the screen 66 is suspended in the settling tank 18 to prevent the algae from stopping by restricting the flow path. It is preferable that the screen 66 can be moved easily so as to cope with changes in weather conditions and lake conditions. The depth of the screen 66 may be the same as that of the partition screen 60 for the purpose of transferring the algae staying on the surface layer, but may be about 1 m when the algae are floating on the outermost layer. It is also possible to install an algae sensor in the vicinity of the inlet 40 / outlet 42 of the settling tank 18 and the duct 30 and control the circulation amount and the circulation speed according to the processing state.

FIGS. 10-11 is a figure which shows the processing system for performing the process by the above processing boats S more efficiently. In the following description, the sedimentation tank 18 may or may not be used as necessary.
This processing system includes a processing vessel S and a partition wall 70 that dams up algae and makes it easy to process. That is, when algae are generated in an inflow portion of a lake with an inflow river such as a dam, the partition wall 70 is installed downstream or leeward, and the treatment ship S is arranged in the upstream region. As a result, the algae floating near the water surface are carried by the flow of the river and the wind, are blocked by the partition wall 70, and are efficiently processed by the treatment ship.

  The partition wall 70 is made of a sheet suspended from the float 28 and has the same structure as an oil fence or the like. The depth does not need to reach the bottom of the lake, but may be up to the temperature crest where algae are thought to occur. Because the water temperature near the bottom of the lake is lower than the surface of the water, algae will not rise to the surface unless there are obstacles, and will flow to deeper parts of the lake when placed on deep lakes such as dams. In a water area where the water depth is shallow and there is no thermocline, the depth of the partition wall 70 only needs to be long enough to dam the floating algae.

And the algae processing ship S is installed in the water area in which the algae upstream from the fractionation wall 70 arranged in this way is floating, and the sedimentation process is performed by sucking the algae stopped upstream in the fractionation wall 70. Do. Although the algae subjected to the sedimentation process sink toward the bottom of the lake, the specific gravity of the algae before and after the treatment does not change greatly, so the sedimentation takes several minutes to several tens of hours. The settled algae rides on the water stream having a low water temperature, passes under the partition wall 70, and moves to the downstream area. Eventually, the water will be dormant due to low water temperature and low sunlight, and the algae will not grow.
In this system, dead leaves, driftwood, garbage, etc. flow from the upstream and often stop on the partition wall 70. For this reason, in order to avoid the suction of these obstacles into the processing ship S, it is desirable to arrange the separation wall 70 and the processing ship S separately, but this is not a limitation and there is a space problem. In such a case, it may be incorporated in the middle of the partition wall 70.

  FIG. 11A shows an algae treatment system using a treatment ship S provided with a mobile collection device 46 (see FIGS. 1, 5, and 6). Lakes often have complex terrain, and there are many cases where the treatment ship S cannot approach the water area where algae are generated. Algae are often retained especially in the case of wands and structures in which water is likely to be retained, and therefore the algae is collected by a small mobile collection device 46. Since the wand and the run-up part may become a source of algae, this area is isolated by the dividing wall 70 in the early stage of the occurrence, and the algae inside the dividing wall 70 is processed, so that the entire lake Can be prevented from spreading.

  FIG. 11B is an example of a processing system that uses the partition walls 70 in multiple stages. In this figure, a partition wall 70 having a gate 72 is used. Normally, algae ride on the flow and move from upstream to downstream, but depending on topography and weather conditions, especially wind, a reverse flow may occur and move in the upstream direction. For this reason, the algae stopped at the partition wall 70 may be diffused in the upstream direction. In order to prevent this diffusion, in this embodiment, the partition walls 70 having the openable / closable gate 72 are arranged upstream and downstream of the processing ship S so that the collected algae are not diffused. If a net is attached to the gate 72, obstacles such as driftwood can be collected. Of course, if this processing ship S is equipped with a small mobile collecting device 46, the corners of the water area partitioned by the partition wall 70 and the algae that stops at the partition wall 70 can be collected.

  12 and 13 are diagrams showing a moving device for guiding the algae floating near the water surface of the lake toward the processing ship S. FIG. By moving the algae floating in the vicinity of the water surface toward the processing ship S with the water flow generated by a pump or the like, the processing can be performed efficiently. In FIG. 12A, a water flow is generated by the pump 38e, and in FIG. 12B, a water flow is generated by the air diffused by the air diffuser 74 from the water and the wind by the compressor 76 and the blower in the air. FIG. 13 shows a state in which a water flow is generated by the fountain device 78.

  FIG. 14 shows a form in which the treatment ship S or the inactivation device 16 is submerged in water, and the algae floating on the surface layer are settled using the mobile collection device 46. In this case, as shown in the drawing, it is possible to inactivate the algae by discharging them to the low water temperature range by directing the discharge port 36 of the processing ship S downward. On the other hand, since the discharge port 36 of the treatment ship S is directed to the water surface, a water flow in the vertical direction is generated in the water area and can be circulated. Moreover, not only can the oxygen in the air dissolve into the water due to the aeration and circulation caused by such movement and the generation of algae can be suppressed, but further growth prevention effect can be expected by using it together with the inactivating device 16. Any moving device can be installed not only in the center of the water area but also on the collecting device 14, the partition wall 70, and the lake shore.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an algae treatment system having a guide wall 80 for guiding the algae toward the treatment ship S as well as damming algae. In many lakes where algae are a problem, water quality is regularly examined. Sampling is usually performed at several locations in the lake using a water quality survey ship. When the fixed dividing wall 70 as described above is used, a work ship such as a survey ship or a cleaning ship cannot pass therethrough, which obstructs traffic. For this reason, the collection method of the algae which a work ship can pass becomes essential.

  In the method according to this embodiment, a guide wall 80 is provided for the algae on the surface layer that is moved by water flow or wind, and is guided to the processing vessel S. The guide wall 80 preferably has the same structure as the oil fence, like the partition wall 70, but is not connected to both sides of the lake by attaching a float 28 at one end, for example. In addition, since algae stops in the vicinity of this guide wall 80, you may make it guide to the processing ship S using the above-mentioned moving apparatus together and moving.

  When the partition wall 70 for preventing diffusion is used and the water flow velocity in the vicinity thereof is relatively high, algae pushes the partition wall 70 together with the surface water flow and passes from below the partition wall 70. Happens. In this embodiment, even in such a situation, the flow of the surface layer is not hindered, which is effective.

  FIG. 16 shows a system in which a plurality of partition walls 70 are alternately arranged to widen the traffic area of the processing ship S. Although a part of the algae carried by the water current and the wind is stopped at the corner between the partition wall 70 and the shore, most of the algae pass through the partition wall 70 and flow into the processing ship S. What is necessary is just to collect the algae stopped in the corner | angular part with a mobile small-sized seed collector. In this system, since the flow of the surface layer is not largely blocked, not only the processing ship S can easily pass through, but also water birds and fish can be easily moved, and the adverse effect on nature is small. In addition, when the water depth near the shore is shallow, there is no fear that the processing vessel S is stranded, and the algae collecting means can operate stably.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the processing ship of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the whole structure of the processing ship of FIG. It is a figure which shows the pulse discharge electrode in a duct, and is a figure which shows (a) scanning type | mold point electrode and (b) fixed type | mold line electrode. It is a figure which shows (a) fixed collection apparatus, (b) pumping type apparatus, (c) scraping type apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows a mobile collection apparatus. (a) It is sectional drawing which shows another mobile collection apparatus, (b) It is a top view similarly. It is a figure which shows the modification of a processing ship typically. (a)-(c) is a figure which shows the operation mode of the processing ship of FIG. 7, respectively. It is a figure which shows the apparatus which prevents the retention of algae in a sedimentation layer at the time of the circulation of treated water, and is a figure which shows (a) screw type and (b) partition screen type. (a), (b) is a figure which shows operation | movement of the algae processing system of embodiment of this invention. (A) It is a figure which shows the algae processing system of embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the algae processing system provided with the movable collection apparatus, (b) The figure which shows the system using the closed water area comprised by the partition wall It is. (A) The figure which shows embodiment of the moving apparatus by the water flow for algae movement, (b) The figure which shows embodiment of the moving apparatus by aeration for algae movement or wind power. (A) The figure which shows embodiment of the moving apparatus by the fountain for algae movement, (b) The figure which shows embodiment of the moving apparatus by suction for algae movement. It is a figure which shows the algae processing system of embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the system comprised with the guidance apparatus and the movement apparatus. It is a figure which shows the algae processing system of embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the system comprised by the guidance apparatus, the moving apparatus, and the movable collection apparatus. It is a figure which shows the algae processing system of embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a system at the time of arrange | positioning several partition walls alternately and widening the traffic area of a processing ship.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Processing ship main body 12 Algae processing apparatus 14 Collection apparatus 16 Inactivation apparatus 18 Sedimentation tank 20 Sedimentation tank formation means 22 Main plate 24 Connection plate 26 Subplate 28 Float 30 Duct 32 Electrode 34 Discharge device 36 Outlet 38a-38f Pump 40 Inlet 42 Outlet 44 Fixed collection device 46 Mobile collection device 48, 48a, 48b Suction part 50 Sheet 52 Rotating belt 54 Algae pumping device 55 Algae squeezing device 56 Hose 58 Frame body 60 Partition screens 62a to 62d Open / close valve 64 Screw 66 Screen 70 Partition wall 72 Gate 74 Air diffuser 76 Compressor 78 Fountain device 80 Guide wall S Treatment ship

Claims (6)

A treatment ship body capable of navigating the water area,
An inactivation device that is mounted on the main body of the treatment vessel and loses the buoyancy of algae,
An algae processing ship mounted on the main body of the processing ship and having collecting means for guiding algae in the water area to the inactivation device.   2. The algae treatment ship according to claim 1, wherein the collecting means is separable from the treatment ship main body.   The algae treatment ship according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the algae treatment ship has a circulation means for treated water after the algae sedimentation treatment and can perform sedimentation treatment a plurality of times.   4. The algae treatment ship according to claim 3, wherein the circulation means has a sedimentation tank and circulates the treated water while allowing the algae to settle.   The algae treatment ship according to claim 4, wherein the sedimentation tank is formed in a water area around the main body of the treatment ship by a sedimentation tank forming means mounted on the main body of the treatment ship. A treatment ship having an inactivation device for losing the buoyancy of algae;
An algae treatment system comprising: guidance means for guiding algae in the water area to the inactivation device.

Images