JP2007314724A - Material for soil improvement - Google Patents
Material for soil improvement Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007314724A JP2007314724A JP2006148295A JP2006148295A JP2007314724A JP 2007314724 A JP2007314724 A JP 2007314724A JP 2006148295 A JP2006148295 A JP 2006148295A JP 2006148295 A JP2006148295 A JP 2006148295A JP 2007314724 A JP2007314724 A JP 2007314724A
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- fine powder
- calcium hydroxide
- ground improvement
- blended
- improvement material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
Description
本発明は、グラウト注入材などの地盤改良材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a ground improvement material such as a grout injection material.
従来から、高炉水砕スラグ等のカルシウムを含む化合物に対してアルカリを添加すると、加水分解が生じて、高炉水砕スラグ等が有する潜在水硬性が発現することが知られている。そこで、この原理を利用して、例えば、酸化カルシウムを含む微粉末と水酸化ナトリウムとを配合した地盤改良材が開発されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
この従来の地盤改良材は、必要十分な強度を発現するうえに、地盤中に良好に浸透するため、きわめて有用なものとして実用化されるに至っている。
しかしながら、この従来の地盤改良材は、配合された水酸化ナトリウムにより非常にｐＨが高く、注入地盤周囲のアルカリ汚染の懸念や、特にトンネル等の地盤強化において頭上に注入する際の作業の危険性等が問題であった。もっとも、前述のように、高炉水砕スラグ等のカルシウムを含む化合物は、アルカリによる加水分解により硬化するため、地盤改良材として使用するためにはアルカリの添加が必要である。したがって、注入時にはアルカリが抑えられており、ある程度に時間の経過後にアルカリが放出されて硬化するような地盤改良材が求められている。
Since this conventional ground improvement material exhibits necessary and sufficient strength and penetrates well into the ground, it has been put to practical use as a very useful material.
However, this conventional ground improvement material has a very high pH due to the blended sodium hydroxide, there is a concern about alkali contamination around the injection ground, and the danger of work when injecting overhead especially in strengthening the ground such as tunnels. Etc. was a problem. However, as described above, calcium-containing compounds such as granulated blast furnace slag are hardened by hydrolysis with alkali, so that it is necessary to add an alkali in order to use as a ground improvement material. Accordingly, there is a demand for a ground improvement material that suppresses alkali at the time of injection and that is released and cured after a certain amount of time has passed.
本発明が解決しようとする主たる課題は、注入当初のｐＨが低く抑えられた地盤改良材を提供することにある。 The main problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ground improvement material whose pH at the beginning of injection is kept low.
この課題を解決した本発明は、次のとおりである。
〔請求項１記載の発明〕
酸化カルシウムの含有量が２０〜５０質量％で、内部構造の９０％以上がガラス質で、ブレーン値が５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上の微粉末と、
水酸化カルシウムと、
重炭酸ナトリウムと、が配合されている、ことを特徴とする地盤改良材。
The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
[Invention of Claim 1]
A fine powder having a calcium oxide content of 20 to 50% by mass, 90% or more of the internal structure being glassy, and a brain value of 5000 cm 2 / g or more;
Calcium hydroxide,
A ground improvement material characterized by comprising sodium bicarbonate.
〔請求項２記載の発明〕
前記水酸化カルシウムの供給材として、ブレーン値５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上の微粉セメントが配合されている、請求項１記載の地盤改良材。
[Invention of Claim 2]
The ground improvement material according to claim 1, wherein fine calcium cement having a brain value of 5000 cm 2 / g or more is blended as the calcium hydroxide supply material.
〔請求項３記載の発明〕
前記微粉末が２００〜５００ｋｇ／ｍ3、前記水酸化カルシウムが前記微粉末量の３〜３０質量％、前記重炭酸ナトリウムが前記水酸化カルシウム量の５〜２００質量％の割合で、それぞれ配合されている、請求項１又は請求項２記載の地盤改良材。
[Invention of Claim 3]
The fine powder is 200 to 500 kg / m 3 , the calcium hydroxide is blended at a ratio of 3 to 30% by mass of the fine powder, and the sodium bicarbonate is blended at a ratio of 5 to 200% by mass of the calcium hydroxide. The ground improvement material of Claim 1 or Claim 2.
本発明によると、注入当初のｐＨが低く抑えられた地盤改良材となる。 According to the present invention, it becomes a ground improvement material whose pH at the beginning of injection is kept low.
次に、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
本形態の地盤改良材は、酸化カルシウムの含有量が微粉末全量の２０〜５０質量％で、内部構造の９０％以上がガラス質で、ブレーン値が５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上の微粉末が配合されている。この微粉末としては、例えば、高炉水砕スラグの微粉末などを用いることができる。もちろん、他の冶金スラグも用いることができる。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the ground improvement material of this embodiment, the content of calcium oxide is 20 to 50% by mass of the total amount of fine powder, 90% or more of the internal structure is vitreous, and fine powder having a brane value of 5000 cm 2 / g or more is blended. ing. As this fine powder, for example, fine powder of granulated blast furnace slag can be used. Of course, other metallurgical slags can be used.
酸化カルシウムの配合量は、微粉末全量の２５〜３５質量％であるのがより好ましい。また、ブレーン値は、浸透性の観点からは、８０００〜１６０００ｃｍ2／ｇであるのがより好ましい。粒子が粗大であると、地盤中に対する浸透性が悪くなる。一方、ブレーン値がより高くても、浸透性の向上をさほど期待することができず、また、粉砕に要するコストが増加する。 The blending amount of calcium oxide is more preferably 25 to 35% by mass of the total amount of fine powder. The brane value is more preferably 8000 to 16000 cm 2 / g from the viewpoint of permeability. If the particles are coarse, the permeability into the ground will be poor. On the other hand, even if the brane value is higher, the improvement in permeability cannot be expected so much and the cost required for pulverization increases.
本形態の地盤改良材は、以上の微粉末に加えて、水酸化カルシウムと、重炭酸ナトリウムと、が配合されている。つまり、従来の地盤改良材においては、水酸化ナトリウム（アルカリ）及び炭酸カルシウム等の二価の炭酸塩が配合されていたのに変えて、水酸化カルシウム及び重炭酸ナトリウムが配合されている。水酸化カルシウムは強アルカリであるが溶解度が低いため、そして、重炭酸ナトリウムはアルカリ領域では酸として働くため、注入当初のｐＨが低く抑えられる。しかも、水酸化カルシウム及び重炭酸ナトリウムは、次式に示すように、交換反応によって、水酸化ナトリウム（アルカリ）を生成する。
Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2 ＋ ＮａＨＣＯ3 → ＣａＣＯ3 ＋ ＮａＯＨ ＋ Ｈ2Ｏ
したがって、アルカリによる微粉末の潜在水硬性も確実に発現される。しかも、後述実施例から明らかなように、重炭酸ナトリウムを使用すると、ブリージングが減少し、固結強度は同程度まで発現する。また、固結体内での強度差が少なくなる。
In the ground improvement material of this embodiment, calcium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are blended in addition to the above fine powder. That is, in the conventional ground improvement material, dihydric carbonates such as sodium hydroxide (alkali) and calcium carbonate are blended, but calcium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are blended. Since calcium hydroxide is a strong alkali but has low solubility, and sodium bicarbonate functions as an acid in the alkaline region, the pH at the beginning of injection can be kept low. Moreover, calcium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate produce sodium hydroxide (alkali) by an exchange reaction as shown in the following formula.
Ca (OH) 2 + NaHCO 3 → CaCO 3 + NaOH + H 2 O
Therefore, the latent hydraulic property of the fine powder by an alkali is also expressed reliably. Moreover, as will be apparent from the examples described later, when sodium bicarbonate is used, breathing is reduced and the consolidation strength is expressed to the same extent. In addition, the difference in strength within the consolidated body is reduced.
ここで、水酸化カルシウムの供給材としては、ブレーン値５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上の微粉セメントを用いるのが好ましい。微粉セメントは水酸化カルシウムを含有するため、水酸化カルシウムの供給材とすることができる。 Here, it is preferable to use fine powder cement having a brain value of 5000 cm 2 / g or more as the calcium hydroxide supply material. Since the fine powder cement contains calcium hydroxide, it can be used as a calcium hydroxide supply material.
一方、本形態においては、微粉末が２００〜５００ｋｇ／ｍ3、水酸化カルシウムが微粉末量の３〜３０質量％、重炭酸ナトリウムが水酸化カルシウム量の５〜２００質量％の割合で、それぞれ配合されているのが好ましい。微粉末は、少量の水酸化ナトリウムによっても硬化反応を生じるが、強度の早期発現の点では、２００ｋｇ／ｍ3以上の割合で配合されているのが好ましい。一方、水酸化カルシウムは、それ自体に硬化能力がなく、また、比重が軽いため、配合が過剰であると、強度低下及び粘度上昇のおそれがある。したがって、水酸化カルシウムは、微粉末量の３０質量％以下の割合で配合されているのが好ましい。さらに、重炭酸ナトリウムは、水酸化カルシウムに対して過剰であると、初期強度の発現が大きく遅れ、また、ｐＨが９前後になると、微粉末中の硫化物から硫化水素が発生する。したがって、重炭酸ナトリウムは、水酸化カルシウムの２００質量％以下の割合で配合されているのが好ましい。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, the fine powder is 200 to 500 kg / m 3 , calcium hydroxide is 3 to 30% by mass of the fine powder amount, and sodium bicarbonate is 5 to 200% by mass of the calcium hydroxide amount, respectively. It is preferable that it is blended. Although the fine powder causes a curing reaction even with a small amount of sodium hydroxide, it is preferably blended at a rate of 200 kg / m 3 or more in terms of early development of strength. On the other hand, calcium hydroxide itself has no curing ability and has a low specific gravity. Therefore, if it is excessively mixed, there is a risk of strength reduction and viscosity increase. Therefore, it is preferable that calcium hydroxide is blended in a proportion of 30% by mass or less of the fine powder amount. Furthermore, when sodium bicarbonate is excessive with respect to calcium hydroxide, the development of the initial strength is greatly delayed, and when the pH is around 9, hydrogen sulfide is generated from sulfides in the fine powder. Therefore, it is preferable that sodium bicarbonate is blended at a ratio of 200% by mass or less of calcium hydroxide.
この際、本形態の地盤改良材には、高炉水砕スラグ等の微粉末の分散剤として、リグニンスルホン酸系やナフタリン系の分散剤を配合することもできる。 Under the present circumstances, the ground improvement material of this form can also mix | blend a lignin sulfonic acid type | system | group dispersing agent or a naphthalene type dispersing agent as fine powder dispersing agents, such as blast furnace granulated slag.
本形態の地盤改良材は、各材料を予め調合し一液で対象地盤に施す、例えば注入管を介して地盤中に注入することができる。ただし、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば微粉末の懸濁液と水酸化カルシウム溶液とをそれぞれ別の注入管に送給し、注入管内で又は地盤中で合流混合させて注入することもできる。この場合、重炭酸ナトリウムは、一方の液に添加して注入することができる。 The ground improvement material of this embodiment can be injected into the ground via, for example, an injection pipe, by preparing each material in advance and applying it to the target ground with a single solution. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a fine powder suspension and a calcium hydroxide solution may be fed to separate injection pipes and injected by mixing and mixing in the injection pipe or in the ground. it can. In this case, sodium bicarbonate can be added and injected into one solution.
本形態の地盤改良材は、グラウト注入工法のほか、攪拌混合工法などの他の工法においても、用いることができる。 The ground improvement material of this embodiment can be used not only in the grout injection method but also in other methods such as a stirring and mixing method.
次に、本発明の実施例を説明する。
高炉水砕スラグの微粉末（ブレーン値１２０００ｃｍ2／ｇ）３００ｋｇ／ｍ3に対する、水酸化カルシウム（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2）、重炭酸ナトリウム（ＮａＨＣＯ3）及び水酸化ナトリウム（ＮａＯＨ）の配合量を変化させて、ブリージング（％）、ｐＨ及び強度（ｋＮ／ｍ2）を調べた。強度については、懸濁液をポリプロピレン製容器及び直径５０ｍｍのグラウト袋に採取し、２０℃において恒温養生し、３ｈ（時間）及び６ｈ後におけるベーン試験による「せん断強度」、並びに、３日、７日及び２８日後における「一軸強度」を調べた。一軸強度については、グラウト袋の上部、下部及び平均について、調べた。結果を、表１に示した。なお、表中の「Ｎ」は、測定不能である。
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
The amount of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to 300 kg / m 3 of fine powder of granulated blast furnace slag (Brain value 12000 cm 2 / g) Varying, examining breathing (%), pH and strength (kN / m 2 ). Regarding the strength, the suspension was collected in a polypropylene container and a grout bag with a diameter of 50 mm, subjected to constant temperature curing at 20 ° C., “shear strength” by vane test after 3 hours (hours) and 6 hours, and 3 days, 7 days. The “uniaxial strength” on day and after 28 days was examined. For uniaxial strength, the top, bottom and average of grout bags were examined. The results are shown in Table 1. Note that “N” in the table is not measurable.
本発明は、グラウト注入材などの地盤改良材として適用可能である。 The present invention is applicable as a ground improvement material such as a grout injection material.
Claims (3)
水酸化カルシウムと、
重炭酸ナトリウムと、が配合されている、ことを特徴とする地盤改良材。 A fine powder having a calcium oxide content of 20 to 50% by mass, 90% or more of the internal structure being glassy, and a brain value of 5000 cm 2 / g or more;
Calcium hydroxide,
A ground improvement material characterized by comprising sodium bicarbonate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006148295A JP2007314724A (en) | 2006-05-29 | 2006-05-29 | Material for soil improvement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006148295A JP2007314724A (en) | 2006-05-29 | 2006-05-29 | Material for soil improvement |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007314724A true JP2007314724A (en) | 2007-12-06 |
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ID=38848878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006148295A Pending JP2007314724A (en) | 2006-05-29 | 2006-05-29 | Material for soil improvement |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2007314724A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021095320A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社サン・エンジニア | Hydraulic solidification material liquid, method for preparing the same, and method for building columnar replacing body |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04293995A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-10-19 | Raito Kogyo Co Ltd | Soil conditioner |
| JPH07166163A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-06-27 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Chemical agent solution for injection into ground |
| JPH07259073A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-09 | Chem Grouting Co Ltd | Ground injecting material |
| JPH07286173A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-10-31 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting liquid |
| JPH0860153A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-05 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Method for grouting |
| JPH08109378A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-04-30 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Ground solidifying material |
| JPH0925641A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-28 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Restoring method of inclined building |
| JPH101668A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-01-06 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Water glass-cement chemical agent liquid for injecting into ground |
| JPH1053764A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-24 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grout for injection into ground |
| JP2001003047A (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2001-01-09 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting consolidation material |
| JP2001098271A (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-10 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Ground solidification material |
-
2006
- 2006-05-29 JP JP2006148295A patent/JP2007314724A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04293995A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-10-19 | Raito Kogyo Co Ltd | Soil conditioner |
| JPH07166163A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-06-27 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Chemical agent solution for injection into ground |
| JPH07259073A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-09 | Chem Grouting Co Ltd | Ground injecting material |
| JPH07286173A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-10-31 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting liquid |
| JPH0860153A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-05 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Method for grouting |
| JPH08109378A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-04-30 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Ground solidifying material |
| JPH0925641A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-28 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Restoring method of inclined building |
| JPH101668A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-01-06 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Water glass-cement chemical agent liquid for injecting into ground |
| JPH1053764A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-24 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grout for injection into ground |
| JP2001003047A (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2001-01-09 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting consolidation material |
| JP2001098271A (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-10 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Ground solidification material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021095320A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社サン・エンジニア | Hydraulic solidification material liquid, method for preparing the same, and method for building columnar replacing body |
| JP7011846B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-01-27 | 株式会社サン・エンジニア | Preparation method of hydraulic solidifying material liquid, hydraulic solidifying material liquid, and construction method of replacement prism |
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