JP2007290074A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of largely reducing the quantity of coolant consumed and achieving discontinuation of the use of the coolant by improving the constitution of a turn table. <P>SOLUTION: When the turn table 30 is turns in the machine tool 1, one table surface of a first table surface 31 and a second table surface 32 presents itself in a vertical attitude on the machining area 11, while the other table surface presents itself in a horizontal attitude on a transfer area 12 of a workpiece W. Therefore, the machining of the workpiece W can be performed by a spindle 2 horizontally disposed in the machining area 11. Since the table surface positioned at the machining area 11 is in the vertical attitude in that case, chips easily drops by their own weight, and the dropped chips do not drop on the table surface. Therefore, the quantity of the coolant consumed can be largely reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool that performs the supply of an unmachined workpiece from a workpiece transfer area to a machining area and the transfer of a machined workpiece from the machining area to the transfer area by turning a turntable.

  In a machine tool such as a column traverse type or vertical drilling tapping machine, generally, a spindle holding a processing tool at the tip is arranged vertically, and supply of an unmachined workpiece from the workpiece transfer area to the machining area Transfer of the processed workpiece from the processing area to the transfer area is performed by turning around the vertical axis of the turntable (see Patent Document 1).

However, in such a configuration, cutting waste falls and accumulates on the table surface. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention arranges the main shaft in an inclined manner, sets the turning axis of the turntable obliquely with respect to the vertical axis, and a pair of table surfaces at each position on both sides around the turning axis. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-318448 JP 2001-225235 A

  In recent years, while environmental problems have been attracting attention, it has been desired to significantly reduce the amount of coolant used and to eliminate the use of coolant. Not reached.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of realizing a significant reduction in the amount of coolant used and further abolition of the use of coolant by improving the configuration of the turntable.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, in a machine tool having a turntable and a spindle for machining a workpiece that has arrived at a machining area by turning of the turntable, the turntable has a vertical axis of rotation. The first table surface and the second table surface that hold the workpiece at respective positions on both sides with the pivot axis as the center are formed so as to be orthogonal to each other. In the processing region, the main shaft is arranged horizontally. In the present invention, the “table surface” means a virtual surface having irregularities on the surface in addition to a configuration in which the entire surface is actually flat.

  In the present invention, when the turntable turns, one of the first table surface and the second table surface comes in a vertical posture to the machining area, while the other table surface is horizontal to the workpiece transfer area. Coming in posture. Therefore, the workpiece can be machined by the spindle arranged horizontally in the machining area. At that time, since the table surface located in the machining area is in a vertical posture, the cutting waste easily falls by its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of coolant used to eliminate cutting waste.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the injection apparatus which injects compressed gas and removes cutting waste with respect to the said process area | region is arrange | positioned. That is, according to the present invention, the cutting waste easily falls due to its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Therefore, no coolant is used, and the removal of the cutting waste is performed only by jetting compressed air. May be performed.

  In this invention, you may employ | adopt the structure which injects coolant with a compressed gas as a mist as the said injection device. With this configuration, the coolant can be cooled and lubricity can be improved by the coolant, and cutting waste can be removed by jetting compressed air, so that the use of coolant can be greatly reduced. it can.

  Here, the compressed gas is, for example, compressed air.

  The present invention is effective when applied to a machine tool in which a loading / unloading device for transferring an unprocessed workpiece and a processed workpiece to / from the turntable is arranged with respect to the turntable. . That is, when the machining time per workpiece is long, the machining efficiency is not greatly reduced even if it takes time to remove chips, but the machine equipped with the loading / unloading device. If the machining time per workpiece is short as in a machine and the chips are frequently removed, the machining efficiency is greatly reduced. Therefore, according to the present invention, the cutting waste can be efficiently removed, which is effective in obtaining high machining efficiency when the machining time per workpiece is short.

  In the machine tool according to the present invention, since the table surface located in the machining area is in a vertical posture, the cutting waste easily falls due to its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in the amount of coolant used and the abolition of coolant usage.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
(Machine tool configuration)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a machine tool to which the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 1 of this embodiment is for processing a table device 3 having a turntable 30 on a base 8 and a workpiece W that has arrived at a machining area 11 by turning the turntable 30. The main shaft 2 and the housing 9 covering the space in which the turntable 30 and the main shaft 2 are disposed.

  The main shaft 2 is disposed on the XYZ column unit 20 so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis L1 in a horizontal posture, and a tip end portion that holds the processing tool 6 faces the processing region 11. In the XYZ column unit 20, a pipe line of an injection device (not shown) that injects coolant toward the processing tool 6 to remove cutting waste is configured. Located in the vicinity. In addition, about the pipe line of an injection device, you may comprise by piping, without forming in the XYZ column unit 20. FIG.

  An automatic tool changer 4 is arranged for the main shaft 2. In this embodiment, the automatic tool changer 4 is arranged at a position shifted laterally from a position directly above the main shaft 2. The automatic tool changer 4 includes, for example, a disk-shaped tool magazine 41 that holds a plurality of machining tools, and two change arms 42. Each of the exchange arm 42 and the tool magazine 41 is rotatable about horizontal axes L3 and L4, and the two exchange arms 42 exchange processing tools between the tip of the main shaft 2 and the tool magazine 41. The automatic tool changer 4 is independently fixed on the base 8 and is not mounted on the XYZ column 20. For this reason, the load on the column 20 can be reduced. A partition 92 is formed between the tool magazine 41 and the machining area 11, and the partition 92 is opened when the machining tool is replaced. For this reason, cutting waste does not adhere to the processing tool held in the tool magazine 41.

  A loading / unloading device such as the gantry loader device 5 that delivers the workpiece W to and from the turntable 30 is disposed above the turntable 30, and the workpiece W is delivered to the upper position of the turntable 30. Region 12 is configured. The gantry loader device 5 includes an in-chuck 51 and an out-chuck 52. The in-chuck 51 and the out-chuck 52 rotate around one axis L5 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical axis. When the chuck is in the downward posture, the other chuck is in the lateral posture. The gantry loader device 5 includes a chuck horizontal drive mechanism that connects the work stocker device outside the machine and the upper position of the transfer area 12, and a chuck lift drive mechanism 55 that reciprocates the chucks 51 and 52 in the vertical direction. I have. A partition 93 is formed between the transfer area 12 at the upper position of the turntable 30 and the machining area 11.

  In this embodiment, a groove 80 having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the upper surface of the base 8 at a position below the processing region 11, and a cutting waste conveyor 85 is disposed in the groove 80. The bottom of the groove 80 is inclined downward along the longitudinal direction (from the rear side toward the front side in FIG. 1).

  In this embodiment, the table device 3 includes a turntable 30 and a table driving device 35 having a turning shaft 36 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical axis. , And is driven to rotate around a turning axis L2 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical axis.

  Here, the turntable 30 is formed so that the first table surface 31 and the second table surface 32 that hold the workpiece W are orthogonal to each other at respective positions on both sides around the turning axis L2. The chucks 310 and 320 are formed on the table surface 31 and the second table surface 32, respectively.

  In this embodiment, the table driving device 35 rotates the turntable 30 back and forth over an angle range of 180 °. However, a configuration in which the table driving device 35 intermittently rotates the turntable 30 in one direction at intervals of 180 ° may be employed.

  In the table apparatus 3 configured as described above, when the turntable 30 turns 180 °, one of the first table surface 31 and the second table surface 32 comes to the machining area 11 in a vertical posture. The other table surface arrives at the workpiece W transfer area 12 in a horizontal posture. That is, during the period in which the first table surface 31 is positioned in the vertical posture in the processing region 11, the second table surface 32 is positioned in the horizontal posture in the transfer region 12, and when the turntable 30 turns 180 °, The second table surface 32 is positioned in the vertical posture in the processing region 11, while the first table surface 31 is positioned in the horizontal posture in the delivery region 12.

(Operation)
In the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, FIG. 1 shows a state immediately before starting the processing on the workpiece W that has arrived at the processing region 11, and the out chuck 52 holds the processed workpiece W, and The chuck 51 is in a state where the unprocessed workpiece W has been transferred to the turntable 30.

  In this state, while the workpiece W that has arrived at the machining area 11 is being machined, the gantry loader device 5 moves up and down after the in-chuck 51 and the out-chuck 52 have moved to the work stocker device outside the machine. The out chuck 52 passes the processed workpiece W to the workpiece stocker device, and the in chuck 51 receives the unmachined workpiece W from the workpiece stocker device. Then, the in-chuck 51 and the out-chuck 52 move to the front upper position of the turntable 30 again.

  In the meantime, in the machining area 11, the workpiece W is machined by the machining tool 6 held on the spindle 2. At that time, coolant is sprayed from the nozzle 71 to drop the cutting waste into the groove 80. The cutting waste dropped into the groove 80 is discharged out of the machine by the cutting waste conveyor 85.

  When the machining for the workpiece W is completed, the turntable 30 turns 180 °. As a result, a new unmachined workpiece W moves to the machining area 11, while the machined workpiece W moves to the delivery position.

  Next, in the gantry loader device 5, the in-chuck 51 and the out-chuck 52 are lowered, and the out-chuck 52 rotates after receiving the processed workpiece W. W is passed to the turntable 30. Such an operation is repeated.

(Main effects of this form)
As described above, in the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, when the turntable 30 turns, one of the first table surface 31 and the second table surface 32 comes to the machining area 11 in a vertical posture. On the other hand, the other table surface arrives at the workpiece W transfer area 12 in a horizontal posture. Therefore, the workpiece W can be machined by the spindle 2 arranged horizontally in the machining area 11. At that time, since the table surface located in the processing area 11 is in a vertical posture, the cutting waste easily falls by its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Therefore, the coolant usage can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, loading of unprocessed workpiece W from the workpiece stocker device and unloading of processed workpiece W to the workpiece stocker device are performed while processing the workpiece W. There is an effect that the time required is substantially zero. As described above, even if the loading / unloading time is shortened, if the chip is frequently removed, the machining efficiency is greatly reduced. However, according to the present embodiment, the cutting waste can be efficiently removed, so that high machining efficiency is achieved. It is effective to get.

[Embodiment 2]
In the first embodiment, the coolant is sprayed from the nozzle 71 of the spray device. However, in this embodiment, the nozzle 71 sprays compressed air (compressed gas) instead of the coolant to remove the cutting waste. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, since the table surface that has arrived at the machining area 11 is in a vertical posture, the cutting waste easily falls by its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Accordingly, even if the nozzle 71 merely injects compressed air instead of the coolant, the cutting waste can be easily removed. Therefore, it is possible to remove the cutting waste by only using compressed air without using any coolant.

[Embodiment 3]
In the first embodiment, the coolant is sprayed from the nozzle 71 of the spray device. However, in the present embodiment, the nozzle 71 sprays compressed air (compressed gas) instead of the coolant, and sprays the coolant in a mist state. To remove the cutting waste. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, since the table surface that has arrived at the machining area 11 is in a vertical posture, the cutting waste easily falls by its own weight, and the falling cutting waste does not fall on the table surface. Accordingly, the cutting waste can be removed by spraying compressed air instead of the coolant in the nozzle 71. Further, since the coolant is sprayed together with the compressed air in the form of a mist, the coolant can be used to cool the processing points and improve the lubricity, and even in this case, the use of the coolant can be greatly reduced.

[Other embodiments]
In the second and third embodiments, the compressed air is injected from the nozzle 71, but a compressed gas such as nitrogen may be injected. Moreover, in injecting compressed gas, it is preferable to cool compressed gas and to improve the cooling efficiency with respect to a processing point.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the principal part of the machine tool to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

1. ・ Machine tool 2 ・ ・ Spindle 3 ・ ・ Table device 4 ・ ・ Automatic tool changer 5 ・ ・ Gantry loader device 8 ・ ・ Base 11 ・ ・ Processing area 12 ・ ・ Work transfer area 30 ・ Turntable 31 ・· First table surface 32 · · Second table surface 41 · · Tool magazine 71 · · Nozzle of injection device

Claims (5)

In a machine tool having a turntable and a spindle for machining a workpiece that has arrived at a machining area by turning the turntable,
The turntable is set such that the turning axis is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical axis, and the first table surface and the second table that hold the workpieces at respective positions on both sides around the turning axis. The table surfaces are formed so as to be orthogonal to each other,
The machine tool, wherein the spindle is disposed horizontally in the machining region.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein an injection device that injects compressed gas and removes cutting waste is disposed on the processing region.   The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the injection device injects coolant in a mist state together with compressed gas.   The machine tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the compressed gas is compressed air.   5. A loading / unloading device for transferring an unprocessed workpiece and a processed workpiece to / from the turntable is disposed on the turntable. A machine tool according to claim 1.

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