JP2001322052A - Method and device for machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for machining, to realize such machining as to lengthen the service life of a tool with high machining accuracy and the fine finished surface quality of a workpiece without using a large quantity of cutting fluid. SOLUTION: The cutting fluid containing an organic polar substance, supplied from a machining solution tank 11 is sprayed from a nozzle 17 to a surface part to be machined, of the workpiece 3, and then machining with a tool 9 is performed. The surface transition of the workpiece 3 is fixed by the organic polar substance to reduce machining resistance during machining.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machining method and apparatus for applying or spraying a working liquid containing an organic polar substance such as oleic acid or stearic acid on the surface of a work to be processed, and thereafter machining the work surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a workpiece is subjected to machining such as cutting or grinding by a machine tool, a machining tool is cut into the workpiece to give a relative motion to both. Then, the surface of the workpiece is shaved off by the processing tool to generate chips, and the machining proceeds. At this time, cutting resistance and heat are generated by internal friction due to deformation of the work and friction between the chips and the processing tool. This heat causes part of the chips to fuse to the rake face of the processing tool to form a constituent cutting edge, to erode the rake face of the processing tool to generate craters, and to damage the cutting edge due to high temperature, such as softening of the cutting edge To the machining tool. As a result, the tool life is shortened, the quality of the finished surface is reduced, and the processing accuracy is deteriorated due to the thermal strain between the work and the processing tool.

In order to reduce these problems, usually,
A machining fluid is supplied to the machining portion, and the cutting resistance is reduced by the lubricating action and the cooling action, thereby cooling the generated heat.
In this way, the finish surface quality and machining accuracy are improved, and the tool life is extended. Processing methods can be roughly divided into two types according to the method of supplying the processing liquid. One of the conventional processing methods, in which the processing liquid is directly and continuously applied to the processing portion (hereinafter referred to as wet processing), has recently begun to be used. In addition, there is a type in which a minimum amount of processing liquid is formed into a fine mist on the order of microns and processed while being sprayed to a processing portion (hereinafter referred to as MQL processing). In the wet machining, a relatively large amount of machining fluid is applied to the machining section, the machining fluid is collected together with the generated chips, the chips are separated from the machining fluid, and the machining fluid is recirculated and used. Processing fluids are insoluble and water-soluble. Many of the water-insoluble processing fluids are mainly composed of mineral oil, and some contain extreme pressure additives. Many water-soluble processing liquids contain water as a main component, mixed with mineral oil, or added with a surfactant or a rust inhibitor.

In the MQL processing, fine particles of a water-insoluble processing liquid having a lubricating effect are mixed in a minimum amount into a large amount of air and injected into a processing portion.
No. 110 discloses this. In this publication, a main spindle of a machine tool that performs processing by separately introducing gas and machining fluid into a spindle and ejecting machining fluid mist from a spindle tip or a tool tip through a mist generator provided inside the spindle. An apparatus is described. It is also known that it is preferable to use vegetable oil as the processing liquid so that the mist does not adversely affect the human body. Performing MQL processing in this way has a better finished surface quality and longer tool life than dry processing that does not use a working fluid. In addition, the working fluid has an adverse effect on the environment and human health, The problem of the difficulty in treating waste liquid and processing chips containing machining fluid is considerably solved.

[0005]

The wet machining has the effect of reducing cutting resistance, reducing heat generation, improving the finish surface quality and machining accuracy, and extending tool life, but uses a large amount of machining fluid. Therefore, many difficulties such as separation of chips and machining fluid, treatment of chips containing machining fluid, treatment of waste machining fluid, filtration for reuse of machining fluid, prevention of corrosion and oxidation, etc. must be overcome. I have a problem. In addition, the processing fluid fouls the factory environment, and a part of the processing fluid is turned into mist, which has an adverse effect on human health, and emits a foul odor due to corrosion and oxidation.
Although MQL processing uses only a minimum amount of processing fluid, it almost solves the problems associated with processing fluid processing. However, it is a developing processing technology, and has improved processing surface quality and processing accuracy compared to wet processing, as well as tools. There is some doubt about the certainty of the effect of extending life. Although the use of vegetable oil has no adverse effect on human health, the problem that the mist is fine and easily floats in the air, causing the machine to become sticky or the oil attached to the machine to oxidize and emit a bad smell is still solved. Absent. In addition, in the wet machining and the MQL machining, when a machining fluid or a mist is applied to the tool at a high pressure, the tool has a problem that if the tool has a small diameter, the tool bends or vibrates, thereby deteriorating the machining accuracy or deteriorating the machining surface quality. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machining method and apparatus that realizes machining capable of reducing cutting resistance, improving the finished surface quality and machining accuracy of a workpiece, and extending tool life without using a large amount of machining fluid. It is to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a machining method for processing a workpiece into a desired shape by relatively moving a processing tool and a workpiece includes an organic polar substance such as oleic acid and stearic acid. A machining method in which a machining liquid is applied or sprayed on a surface of a workpiece to be machined, and thereafter, the machining surface of the workpiece to be machined is blown by blowing a pressurized gas to a machining portion of the machining tool and the workpiece to blow off machining chips. Provided. Further, in a machining apparatus for relatively moving a processing tool and a work and processing the work into a desired shape, a processing liquid containing 0.1% or more by weight of an organic polar substance such as oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like, A processing liquid tank that stores and discharges the processing liquid as needed, an application unit that is connected to the processing liquid tank, and applies or sprays the processing liquid on a surface of a work to be processed, and the processing tool and the work. A pressurized gas supply means for injecting pressurized gas to the processing section to blow off the processing chips, and a machine control device for controlling the coating of the processing liquid in the processing liquid tank to be applied or sprayed on the surface of the work to be processed. There is provided a machining apparatus for machining the work surface after applying or spraying the working liquid on the work surface.

The organic polar substance used in the present invention is an organic substance having polarity, for example, oleic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₃ COO).
H), carboxylic acids such as stearic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOH),
There are aliphatic alcohols such as oleyl alcohol (C ₁₈ H ₃₅ OH) and stearyl alcohol (C ₁₈ H ₃₇ OH), and carboxylate salts such as sodium stearate (C ₁₇ H ₃₆ C00Na). Having the polarity means that one single molecule has a property of electrically attracting + or-or both. Taking carboxylic acid as an example, oxygen (O = C-OH at the beginning) bonded to carbon by a double bond is electrically-
And adsorbs with + substances. Further, carbon (C in the middle of O = C-OH) is electrically + and adsorbs with the-substance.

[0008] Consider a phenomenon when machining a metal work such as steel, copper, or aluminum. When a machining tool is cut into a work and a relative motion is given to both, the work surface is shaved off by the machining tool, and chips are generated. This means that the plastic deformation of the metal occurs continuously. It is believed that plastic deformation occurs when dislocations move on slip planes in a metal crystal. In other words, dislocations are generated in the metal structure by machining, and when the working proceeds one after another, the dislocations usually move due to the working force and have almost the same material properties as the original metallic properties. However, consider a case where the dislocation becomes difficult to move due to some factor. One example is work hardening.

[0009] When the movement of the dislocation is suppressed, an extra external force is required to move the dislocation, and at the same time, the deformability until breaking is reduced. This means that the absorbed energy up to the break is small. In an extreme case, dislocations cannot move at all, resulting in brittle fracture. In the case of machining, if the dislocations are difficult to move, the chips do not become large lumps but fine lamellar shapes (Fig. 3
As shown in (a), a state in which fine chip pieces are overlapped in a blind shape and connected to each other). On the other hand, when machining is performed after applying or spraying a processing liquid containing an organic polar substance on the processed part of the work, the molecules of the organic polar substance share electrons with the metal atoms of the dislocation structure on the metal surface of the work As a result, chemical adsorption occurs, and dislocation is fixed. As a result, dislocations become difficult to move, the metal surface layer hardens, and the plastic deformability decreases. If the surface of the workpiece is to be scraped off by a tool in this state, the surface of the portion to be scraped is likely to be finely sheared by an external force because the dislocation is fixed, and chips which are finely arranged in a lamella shape are generated. As a result, cutting resistance is reduced, finished surface quality is improved, and tool wear is reduced.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The principle of the present invention is described by Kosuke Taga et al.
"Effects of Carboxylic Acid Application on Aluminum Cutting" on page 296 of the Proceedings of the 1998 Society of Precision Engineering Autumn Meeting Preprints page 16
3 and 164 will be described based on research results such as “Effects of applying solution containing carboxylic acid in metal cutting”. When two-dimensionally cutting an aluminum workpiece W with a cutting tool T,
Dry processing in which nothing is applied to the work surface S, and processing in which an organic polar substance, which is a solution of oleic acid and liquid paraffin, is applied to the work surface S in advance to produce chips, cutting resistance, finished surface quality, and tool wear Were compared. FIG.
FIG. 3A shows how chips are generated when an organic polar substance is previously applied and processed, and FIG. 3B shows how chips are generated during dry processing. When the organic polar substance is applied, the chip C has a lamellar shape that is finely sheared, whereas in the case of dry processing, the chip C is generated so that a large lump of the chip C is peeled. I understand.

The cutting resistance when the organic polar substance is applied is about one third of that in the case of dry processing. When the quality of the finished surface is evaluated by the surface roughness, it is much smaller when the organic polar substance is applied. Tool wear is also less when the organic polar substance is applied. Also,
This application effect is exhibited when the oleic acid concentration (weight ratio) in the liquid paraffin is 0.1% and the oleic acid concentration is 1%.
The characteristics showed almost no change even when it reached 00%. It was also confirmed that when the oleic acid concentration was 0%, that is, when only liquid paraffin was applied, the above-mentioned application effect could not be obtained.

As an organic polar substance, the coating effect was investigated for several substances other than oleic acid. Caprylic acid (C ₇ H
₁₅ COOH), pelargonic acid (C ₈ H ₁₇ COOH), capric acid _{(C 9 H 1 9 COOH)} , lauric acid (C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COOH), myristic acid (C ₁₃ H ₂₇ COOH), palmitic acid (C ₁₅ H ₃₁ COOH), stearic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOH), stearyl alcohol (C _1
8 H ₃₇ OH), stearylamine _{(C 18 H 37 NH 2)} , sodium stearate (C ₁₇ H ₃₆ COONa), stearamide _{(C 17 H 35 CONH 2)} , methyl stearate (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOC
H ₃ ) and ethyl stearate (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOC ₂ H ₅ ) confirmed the application effect. Therefore, as a result of cutting at room temperature, it was found that a coating effect was significantly exhibited on organic polar substances having 8 or more carbon atoms. For example, acetic acid having 7 or less carbon atoms (CH ₃ COOH
), Propionic acid (C ₂ H ₅ COOH), butyric acid (C ₃ H ₇ COOH)
Valeric acid (C ₄ H ₉ COOH), caproic acid _{(C 5 H 1 1 COOH)} , applied effect in enanthic acid (C ₆ H ₁₃ COOH) was hardly obtained.

The work surface S to which the organic polar substance is applied is
It was also found that the application effect hardly appeared when the annealed material was used, and that the application effect was exhibited when the material was rolled or pre-cut (preliminarily processed material). This is because the dislocation density of the annealed material is 10 ⁵ / mm ² , the dislocation density of the pre-processed material is 10 ⁹ / mm ² , and the molecular density of 100% oleic acid is 3.8 × 10 ¹⁵ molecules / mm. ^2. The molecular density of 0.1% oleic acid is 3.8 × 10 ¹² molecules / mm ² , which indicates that the dislocation of the work material is related to the coating effect. In addition, the infrared absorption spectrum was measured during the cutting process in which an organic polar substance was applied to the surface of the pre-processed workpiece W. As a result, chemical adsorption (COM, M is a metal atom) was performed in the unprocessed portion only by applying oleic acid. 1539 cm ^-1 representing
Absorbance spectrum at the wave number of is not shown,
There is a peak in the absorbance spectrum at a wave number of 1539 cm ^-1 representing chemical adsorption on the raised portion where the chip C is going to be scraped off from the workpiece surface S and on the free surface side not facing the processing tool of the chip C, which is apparent. It can be seen that chemisorption is occurring.

As described above, when the organic polar substance is applied to the work surface S of the pre-processed material and cut, the molecules of the organic polar substance share electrons with the metal atoms of the dislocation structure on the metal surface of the work W. Chemisorption occurs, causing dislocation fixation. As a result, dislocations become difficult to move, the metal surface layer hardens, and the plastic deformability decreases. When the workpiece surface S is to be scraped off by the tool T in this state, the surface of the portion to be scraped is easily sheared finely by an external force because the dislocation is fixed, and chips C arranged in a lamellar shape are generated. As a result, cutting resistance is reduced, finished surface quality is improved, and tool wear is reduced. On the other hand, when the organic polar substance is not applied, the dislocation does not stick, and the metal surface does not harden or embrittle. Therefore, the chipped portion has toughness and is not easily sheared, so that the chip C does not have a fine lamellar shape and tends to be thick as shown in FIG. Then, the cutting force increases, the finish surface quality is poor,
Tool wear is also fast. This is consistent with the fact that even when an organic polar substance is applied to a material having a low dislocation density from the beginning, such as an annealed material, a coating effect hardly appears.

Further, the working fluid used for general wet working which does not contain an organic polar substance does not have the effect of causing the above-mentioned fixation of dislocations, and generates chips as shown in FIG. 3 (b). However, since the machining fluid enters between the rake face of the tool T and the chip C, between the flank of the tool T and the workpiece W, and between the chip and the chip to generate lubrication, the effect of reducing the cutting resistance is not apparent. Can be FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of processing the workpiece W with the milling tool F. Focusing on one blade of the rotating milling tool F, the movement of the tool is substantially the same as that of the two-dimensional cutting in FIG. When milling was performed after applying the organic polar substance to the work surface S, lamellar chips C were generated, and application effects such as reduction of cutting resistance, good quality of the machined surface, and improvement of tool life could be confirmed.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an NC machine tool for processing a work surface after applying or spraying a work liquid containing an organic polar substance on the work surface, and FIG. 4 shows an application tool. A work 3 is fixed on a table 1 of an NC machine tool. A rotary spindle 7 is provided on the spindle head 5 that can move in the X, Y, and Z-axis directions relative to the table 1. A machining tool 9 such as a milling tool, a drilling tool, a grinding tool, or the like is mounted on the tip of the rotating spindle 7. Cut the work 3 while rotating the tool 9, and move the table 1 and the spindle head 5
The workpiece 3 is processed into a desired shape by relatively moving in the Y and Z axis directions. In some cases, a hale bite is mounted while the rotation of the rotating spindle is fixed, and a hale process is performed.

The rotary spindle 7 is provided with a central hole penetrating from the rear end to the distal end. The processing liquid is discharged from a processing liquid tank 11 containing an organic polar substance and supplied to the central hole via a valve 13. ing. Also, machining fluid tank 1
From 1 to a nozzle 17 provided at the front end of the spindle head 5 via a valve 15. The compressed air from the compressed air source 23 is also connected to the nozzle 17. That is, the nozzle 17 is a spray nozzle having a built-in spraying mechanism, and is capable of spraying a processing liquid containing an organic polar substance so as to be sprayed on the surface of the work 3. Nozzle 1
Numeral 7 is configured to be able to orbit around the main shaft 7 over a range of ± 180 ° by an appropriate actuator 19. The mist spray mechanism built in the nozzle 17 may have a simple structure, and generates a relatively large mist. The mist generator used in the MQL processing described above requires a complicated mechanism to generate micron-order particles, and the very fine mist that has been ejected easily floats in the air and is difficult to diffuse and collect over a wide area. In view of the above point, it is very advantageous to generate the relatively large mist of the present invention.

An air nozzle 21 is provided on a side surface of the spindle head 5, and blows compressed air supplied from a compressed air source 23 to a processing portion. Further, a machining fluid application tool 25 shown in FIG. 2 is mounted on the tip of the spindle 7, the valve 13 is opened, and the machining fluid is supplied to the application tool 25 little by little through the center hole of the spindle 7. The application tool 25 is also provided with a through-hole from the rear end to the front end, and a processing liquid containing an organic polar substance is impregnated into a flexible application member made of a brush, a nonwoven fabric, or the like provided at the front end. Can be. When the application tool is lightly pressed against the work 3 while rotating at a low speed in accordance with the NC program to cause relative movement, the working fluid can be applied to the surface of the work 3 to be processed. The application tool is preferably configured to be automatically changed by an automatic tool changer (not shown). The NC machine tool is controlled by inputting an NC program to the NC device 27. The movement of the actuator 19 in the X, Y, and Z axes and the orbital movement of the nozzle 17 is controlled from the NC device 27 through a servo control unit. Rotation of the spindle 7, operation of the automatic tool changer, ON / OFF of the pump of the machining fluid tank 11,
Opening and closing of valves 13 and 15, ON / OF of compressed air source 23
Control of F and the like is instructed via a machine control device (MTC) 29.

Now, consider processing the work 3. When the processing portion of the work 3 is a gentle surface having a small step, the application tool 25 is mounted on the main shaft 7, and the application tool 25 is moved by applying the application tool 25 to the surface of the work to be processed next, and the processing liquid is applied to the work surface. I do. After that, the tool is exchanged automatically with the machining tool for machining. When performing the second machining, this operation is repeated. When the processed part of the work 3 has undulation, the application tool 2
The X and Y axes are moved while the nozzle 17 is fixed at a predetermined position of the spindle head 5 without using the nozzle 5, and the valve 15 is opened to spray a working liquid containing an organic polar substance onto the work surface. Thereafter, processing is performed, and when performing the second processing, this operation is repeated. During the processing, the injection of the processing liquid is not performed.

The method of moving the coating tool 25 and the nozzle 17 relative to the workpiece is performed by using an NC program in advance.
And the movement path of the nozzle 17 and the ON / OFF command of the valves 13 and 15 and the ON / OFF command of the pump of the machining fluid tank 11 and the compressed air source 23 are programmed, and then the machining command by the tool is programmed. Can also. In addition, when performing reciprocating processing or contour contour processing while pick-feeding the surface of a mold or the like, a program for the moving path of the application tool 25 or the nozzle 17 is not prepared in advance, but the processing path of the tool is used. Look ahead,
Automatically generates path information for the application tool 25 and the nozzle 17 such that the processing path of the tool is traced, for example, every 50 paths in accordance with the size of the application tool 25 and the injection area from the nozzle 17, and the generated path The working liquid may be applied to the work surface while moving the application tool 25 and the nozzle 17 along the line. The feed speed at this time may be a rapid feed. Further, by providing a spray nozzle in place of the coating member in the coating tool 25, a configuration in which the working fluid supplied through the main shaft 7 is sprayed by mist from the tip of the coating tool 25 can be adopted.

The nozzle 17 has no actuator 19 and is fixed to an appropriate portion of the spindle head 5 so that the mist spray angle is wide. The spray is small for a small work over the entire surface, and a large work is several places. By spraying once at each position, the processing liquid may be applied to the entire surface. In addition, spraying of the working fluid referred to in this specification means spraying and spraying. As a method of substantially eliminating the application time of the working fluid, it is also possible to perform the working while intermittently or continuously spraying the working fluid on the front surface of the work so that the working fluid does not spray on the rotating tool. The NC program pre-reads the NC program, and the tool 9 advances to the next X, Y
The axial direction is known in advance, and the actuator 19 is controlled so that the machining liquid is sprayed in that direction, so that the orbital position of the nozzle 17 is changed. Further, the frequency of spraying in the case of intermittent spraying may be controlled so as to be automatically determined according to the processing conditions. It is preferable to spray the machining fluid to a position where the machining fluid is not sprayed on the rotating tool being machined. This is to prevent the machining liquid from being scattered by the rotating tool.

In the case of drilling, a tool having a through hole is mounted on the main shaft 7 to supply a machining fluid into the hole, and the valve 13 is opened to perform machining while ejecting the machining fluid from the tool tip. good. In this case, the drilling process is determined by the determination means provided in the MTC 29, and a command to open the valve 13 is automatically issued.

The chips generated by the processing have heat. If the chips are accumulated on the work 3, the temperature of the work 3 rises and the processing accuracy deteriorates. It is preferable to process while blowing off. If the cooled compressed air is used, the processing section can be actively cooled. Not limited to air, other gases such as nitrogen may be used. The supply of the pressurized gas may be performed through the center hole of the main shaft 7. In addition, machining using a fixed tool such as a hail machining is not limited to the rotary tool. It is necessary to adjust the ejection pressure from the air nozzle 21 to such a size that the tool does not bend or vibrate according to the tool diameter used. S55C as work 3
Steel such as metal and mold materials, copper used as EDM electrodes, aluminum such as aircraft parts, etc., and flat end mills, ball end mills, drills, cutting tools, etc. as tools 7, and tertiary shapes such as flat surfaces, inclined surfaces, dies, etc. For the original arbitrary shape, etc., the cutting amount,
Various processes were performed for the feed speed, spindle rotation speed, etc., and it was confirmed that the finished surface quality and processing accuracy were better and the tool life was longer than dry processing. Some of them had the same or better effect as wet processing.

The processing liquid is prepared by dissolving an organic polar substance in liquid paraffin, the concentration of which is 0.1% or more by weight, and the viscosity is very low. Therefore, although the machining fluid is slightly mixed into the chips, it is smooth and almost the same as the chips obtained by dry machining. Oleic acid and stearic acid are almost colorless and odorless. Therefore, the processing of the chips is easy, and the chips do not adhere to the machine and the working environment is not deteriorated. In addition, oleic acid is a substance found in foods and is harmless to the human body. An organic polar substance such as oleic acid or stearic acid may be used as it is, or may be used as a solution with another liquid such as mineral oil.

[0025]

According to the present invention, there is provided a processing liquid application means for applying or spraying a processing liquid containing an organic polar substance to the surface of a work to be processed, and applying or spraying the processing liquid on the surface of the work to apply the processing liquid to the organic polar substance. Since the workpiece is processed after fixing the dislocations on the workpiece surface, the processing resistance is reduced, the finished surface quality and the processing accuracy are improved, and the tool life is extended. The effect is particularly great when finishing with a small depth of cut. Since an organic polar substance such as oleic acid or stearic acid or liquid paraffin is used as the processing liquid, the viscosity is low and the liquid is smooth, and since it is applied or sprayed as a mist, the supply amount is small and chip processing is easy. In addition, there is no adverse effect on human health, and since it is odorless, the working environment does not deteriorate. It is also economical that the supply amount of the working fluid is small.

Since the machining fluid is not sprayed while the workpiece is being machined by the tool or the machining fluid is not sprayed toward the rotating tool, the machining fluid hardly scatters due to the rotation of the tool or the workpiece. In the present invention, the particles of the working fluid when the working fluid is sprayed are larger than the working fluid mist during the MQL processing, and are less likely to float in the air. Therefore, there is almost no possibility that the machining fluid adheres to each part of the machine and becomes sticky, and the adhered machining fluid does not corrode and generate an odor. Further, another advantage of not spraying the machining fluid while machining the workpiece with the tool is that, in the case of a small diameter tool, the tool is bent or vibrated by the spray pressure of the machining fluid, and machining accuracy and machining surface quality are reduced. The problem is that this problem does not occur. In addition, since machining is not performed while spraying the machining fluid mist on the machining point between the tool and the workpiece that become hot during machining, there is no danger of the machining fluid being ignited. This is particularly advantageous for unmanned machining.

By using the automatic function of the NC machine tool, a working liquid containing an organic polar substance can be applied or sprayed to a work of any shape, without lowering the automation level. In addition, by using the gas supply means together, the processing can be performed while jetting the pressurized gas, and the chips can be eliminated. If a cooled pressurized gas is used, a cooling effect can be further obtained, so that machining accuracy can be improved and tool life can be extended.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an NC machine tool that performs processing by applying or spraying a processing liquid made of an organic polar substance on a work surface according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an application tool that is mounted on a spindle of the NC machine tool of the present invention and applies a working fluid to a workpiece.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the generation of chips when processing a metal workpiece with a processing tool. FIG. 3A shows a case where an organic polar substance is applied, and FIG. 3B shows a case where an organic polar substance is not applied. ing.

FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of work processing by a milling tool.

[Explanation of equal signs]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Table 3 ... Work 5 ... Spindle head 7 ... Spindle 9 ... Tool 11 ... Machining fluid tank 13, 15 ... Valve 17 ... Nozzle 19 ... Actuator 21 ... Air nozzle 23 ... Compressed air source 25 ... Coating tool 27 ... NC device 29 ... Machine control device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) // C10N 40:20 C10N 40:20 Z 40:22 40:22

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A machining method for processing a workpiece into a desired shape by relatively moving a processing tool and a workpiece, wherein a processing fluid containing an organic polar substance such as oleic acid or stearic acid is applied or sprayed on the surface of the workpiece to be processed. And machining the surface of the work to be machined while injecting a pressurized gas to a machining portion between the machining tool and the work to blow off machining chips. 2. A machining apparatus for relatively moving a processing tool and a workpiece to process the workpiece into a desired shape, comprising: a processing fluid containing at least 0.1% by weight of an organic polar substance such as oleic acid and stearic acid; A processing liquid tank that stores a processing liquid and discharges the processing liquid as needed; an application unit that is connected to the processing liquid tank and applies or sprays the processing liquid on a surface of a work to be processed; Pressurized gas supply means for injecting pressurized gas into the processing part with the work to blow off the processing debris, and a machine control device for controlling the processing liquid in the processing liquid tank to be applied or sprayed on the surface of the work to be processed, And machining the work surface after applying or spraying the working liquid on the work surface. 3. The machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the processing liquid is formed by dissolving an organic polar substance such as oleic acid and stearic acid in liquid paraffin.