JP2007278677A - Heat pump type water heater - Google Patents

Heat pump type water heater Download PDF

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JP2007278677A
JP2007278677A JP2006109552A JP2006109552A JP2007278677A JP 2007278677 A JP2007278677 A JP 2007278677A JP 2006109552 A JP2006109552 A JP 2006109552A JP 2006109552 A JP2006109552 A JP 2006109552A JP 2007278677 A JP2007278677 A JP 2007278677A
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heat pump
refrigerant
cycle
water
water heater
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Akihiro Itani
明広 井谷
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel

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  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump type water heater configured so that it can be found out at a glance which heat pump cycle out of two heat pump cycles in which different refrigerants are circulated the water heater is a component of. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump type water heater X comprising the heat pump cycle 1 circulating a CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant and the heat pump cycle 2 circulating an R410 refrigerant with different characteristics from the CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant is characterized in that the component of the heat pump cycle 1 and the component of the heat pump cycle 2 are colored in different colors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は，圧縮機や膨張器などが設けられたヒートポンプサイクル内に循環する冷媒との熱交換によって水を加熱して給湯するヒートポンプ式給湯機に関し，特に，熱交換効率やエネルギ消費効率などの特性の異なる冷媒を用いた二つのヒートポンプサイクルを具備するヒートポンプ式給湯機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater that supplies water by heating water by heat exchange with a refrigerant circulating in a heat pump cycle provided with a compressor, an expander, and the like. The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater having two heat pump cycles using refrigerants having different characteristics.

従来から，圧縮機や膨張器などが設けられたヒートポンプサイクル内に循環する冷媒との熱交換によって水を加熱して給湯するヒートポンプ式給湯機が周知である。前記冷媒は，例えば炭酸ガス冷媒やＨＦＣ冷媒などである。
ここに，前記炭酸ガス冷媒は，その冷媒の特性として水を高温（例えば９０℃程度）まで加熱することができる。一方，前記ＨＦＣ冷媒は，冷媒の特性上比較的低温（例えば６５℃程度）までしか水を加熱することができない。しかし，空調用機器に用いた場合，エネルギ消費効率（ＣＯＰ）は，前記炭酸ガス冷媒を用いるよりも前記ＨＦＣ冷媒を用いる方が優れている。
一方，特許文献１には，ＣＯ2冷媒（炭酸ガス冷媒の一例）が用いられたヒートポンプサイクル（以下「ＣＯ2サイクル」という）と，Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒（ＨＦＣ冷媒の一例）が用いられたヒートポンプサイクル（以下「Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル」という）とを併せ持つヒートポンプ式給湯システムが示されている。
ここで，循環する冷媒種別の違いにより，前記ＣＯ2サイクルと前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルとでは，用いる配管や圧縮機，膨張弁などのヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素が異なる。例えば，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルに循環されるＲ４１０Ａ冷媒よりも高圧のＣＯ2冷媒が循環される前記ＣＯ2サイクルには，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルよりも肉厚が大きい耐圧性能の高い配管が用いられる。
特開２００５−８３５８５号公報 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heat pump type hot water heater that supplies water by heating water by heat exchange with a refrigerant circulating in a heat pump cycle provided with a compressor, an expander, and the like is well known. The refrigerant is, for example, a carbon dioxide refrigerant or an HFC refrigerant.
Here, the carbon dioxide refrigerant can heat water to a high temperature (for example, about 90 ° C.) as a characteristic of the refrigerant. On the other hand, the HFC refrigerant can only heat water to a relatively low temperature (for example, about 65 ° C.) due to the characteristics of the refrigerant. However, when used in air conditioning equipment, the energy consumption efficiency (COP) is superior to using the HFC refrigerant rather than using the carbon dioxide refrigerant.
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a heat pump cycle (hereinafter referred to as “CO 2 cycle”) using a CO 2 refrigerant (an example of a carbon dioxide gas refrigerant) and a heat pump cycle (an example of an HFC refrigerant) using an R410A refrigerant (an example of an HFC refrigerant). Hereinafter, a heat pump type hot water supply system having both “R410A cycle”) is shown.
Here, the components of the heat pump cycle such as the piping, the compressor, and the expansion valve to be used are different between the CO 2 cycle and the R410A cycle depending on the type of refrigerant to be circulated. For example, for the CO 2 cycle in which a CO 2 refrigerant having a pressure higher than that of the R410A refrigerant circulated in the R410A cycle is used, a pipe having a high pressure resistance and a wall thickness larger than that of the R410A cycle is used.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-83585

しかしながら，前記のような配管の肉厚の違いは，配管を一見しただけでは判断し難く，組み立て時の作業性が低下するばかりか，誤って入れ違いに接続してしまうおそれもある。例えば，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルで用いられる配管が，前記ＣＯ2サイクルに接続されると，耐圧性能の不足から配管が破損したり冷媒漏れが発生するという問題が生じる。
また，前記ＣＯ2サイクルに用いられる電気部品や前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルに用いられる電気部品は，当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機の制御部などに接続されるが，この接続を誤ると前記ＣＯ2サイクルや前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルを正しく制御することができないという問題が生じ，また故障の原因にもなる。
従って，本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり，その目的とするところは，異なる冷媒が循環される二つのヒートポンプサイクルのうちいずれのヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素であるかを一見して把握することのできるヒートポンプ式給湯機を提供することにある。 However, the difference in the thickness of the pipes as described above is difficult to judge by simply looking at the pipes, and not only the workability at the time of assembly is lowered, but also there is a possibility that the pipes are mistakenly connected. For example, when a pipe used in the R410A cycle is connected to the CO 2 cycle, there arises a problem that the pipe is damaged or a refrigerant leaks due to insufficient pressure resistance.
In addition, the electrical parts used in the CO 2 cycle and the electrical parts used in the R410A cycle are connected to the control unit of the heat pump water heater. If this connection is incorrect, the CO 2 cycle and the R410A cycle are connected. This causes a problem that the system cannot be controlled correctly and also causes a failure.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the purpose of the present invention is to grasp at a glance which heat pump cycle is one of the two heat pump cycles in which different refrigerants are circulated. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump type water heater that can be used.

上記目的を達成するために本発明は，第一の冷媒が循環される第一のヒートポンプサイクルと，前記第一の冷媒と異なる特性を持つ第二の冷媒が循環される第二のヒートポンプサイクルと，を備えてなるヒートポンプ式給湯機に適用されるものであって，前記第一のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素と前記第二のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素とが異なる色に着色されてなることを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯機として構成される。例えば，前記第一の冷媒は炭酸ガス冷媒，前記第二の冷媒はＨＦＣ冷媒である。また，前記構成要素の着色は，該構成要素の全体或いは一部に施される。
このように構成されたヒートポンプ式給湯機では，前記第一のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素と前記第二のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素とを，その全部又は一部に着色された色によって一見して把握することができる。
したがって，前記構成要素の接続先を容易に判断することができるため，当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機の組み立て時の作業性が高まり，また，前記構成要素の誤接続を防止することができる。
具体的には，前記構成要素が，冷媒が流通する冷媒配管及び該冷媒配管が接続される圧縮機であることが考えられる。この場合には，接続する冷媒配管と圧縮機との組み合わせを着色によって一見して容易に判断することができるため，前記冷媒配管と前記圧縮機との接続時の作業性が高まり，また，接続ミスを防止することもできる。
また，前記構成要素が，電送に用いられる電気線材及び該電気線材が接続される電気部品であることも考えられる。この場合には，接続する電気線材と電気部品との組み合わせを着色によって一見して容易に判断することができるため，前記電気線材と前記電気部品との接続時の作業性が高まり，また，接続ミスを防止することもできる。 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first heat pump cycle in which a first refrigerant is circulated, and a second heat pump cycle in which a second refrigerant having characteristics different from those of the first refrigerant is circulated. Are applied to a heat pump type hot water heater comprising: a component of the first heat pump cycle and a component of the second heat pump cycle are colored in different colors. It is configured as a heat pump type water heater. For example, the first refrigerant is a carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the second refrigerant is an HFC refrigerant. Further, the coloring of the constituent elements is performed on all or a part of the constituent elements.
In the heat pump type water heater configured as described above, the constituent elements of the first heat pump cycle and the constituent elements of the second heat pump cycle are grasped at a glance by colors colored in whole or in part. be able to.
Therefore, since the connection destination of the component can be easily determined, workability at the time of assembling the heat pump type hot water heater can be improved, and erroneous connection of the component can be prevented.
Specifically, it is conceivable that the component is a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows and a compressor to which the refrigerant pipe is connected. In this case, since the combination of the refrigerant pipe to be connected and the compressor can be easily determined at a glance by coloring, the workability at the time of connecting the refrigerant pipe and the compressor is improved, and the connection It is also possible to prevent mistakes.
It is also conceivable that the constituent element is an electric wire used for electric transmission and an electric component to which the electric wire is connected. In this case, since the combination of the electric wire and the electric component to be connected can be easily determined at a glance by coloring, the workability at the time of connecting the electric wire and the electric component is improved. It is also possible to prevent mistakes.

本発明によれば，前記第一のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素と前記第二のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素とを，その着色された色によって一見して把握することができる。したがって，前記構成要素の接続先を容易に判断することができるため，当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機の組み立て時の作業性が高まり，また，前記構成要素の誤接続を防止することができる。   According to the present invention, the components of the first heat pump cycle and the components of the second heat pump cycle can be grasped at a glance by their colored colors. Therefore, since the connection destination of the component can be easily determined, workability at the time of assembling the heat pump type hot water heater can be improved, and erroneous connection of the component can be prevented.

以下添付図面を参照しながら，本発明の実施の形態について説明し，本発明の理解に供する。尚，以下の実施の形態は，本発明を具体化した一例であって，本発明の技術的範囲を限定する性格のものではない。
ここに，図１は本発明の実施の形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘの概略構成図，図２は前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘに用いられる配管の着色部位を説明するための図である。
図１に示すように，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘは，冷媒が循環される二つのヒートポンプサイクル１（第一のヒートポンプサイクルの一例），２（第二のヒートポンプサイクルの一例），流水経路３０ａ〜３０ｄ，貯留タンク３１，循環ポンプ３４，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１及び２に共通する水熱交換器３２，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１及び２に共通する室外空気熱交換器１３及び切換弁４１〜４５を備えて概略構成されている。また，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘは，ＣＰＵやＲＡＭ，ＲＯＭなどを有する不図示の制御部を備えている。
当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘは，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１の構成要素及び前記ヒートポンプサイクル２の構成要素に異なる色が着色されていることを特徴としており，この点については後段で詳説する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the present invention can be understood. The following embodiment is an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater X according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a colored portion of a pipe used in the heat pump type hot water heater X.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump type hot water heater X includes two heat pump cycles 1 (an example of a first heat pump cycle), 2 (an example of a second heat pump cycle) in which refrigerant is circulated, and a flowing water path 30a˜ 30d, a storage tank 31, a circulation pump 34, a water heat exchanger 32 common to the heat pump cycles 1 and 2, an outdoor air heat exchanger 13 common to the heat pump cycles 1 and 2 and switching valves 41 to 45. It is configured. The heat pump type water heater X includes a control unit (not shown) having a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
The heat pump type water heater X is characterized in that the components of the heat pump cycle 1 and the components of the heat pump cycle 2 are colored in different colors, which will be described in detail later.

前記流水経路３０ａは，前記給水口から前記貯留タンク３１，循環ポンプ３４，切換弁４５，水熱交換器３２，切換弁４３，貯留タンク３１が順に接続された水の流水経路である。また，前記流水経路３０ｂは，前記給水口から切換弁４５，水熱交換器３２，切換弁４３，前記給湯口が順に接続された水の流水経路である。なお，前記流水経路３０ｃは，前記貯留タンク３１から前記切換弁４４を経て前記給湯口に続く温水の流通経路，前記流通経路３０ｄは，前記給水口から前記切換弁４４を経て前記給湯口に続く水の流通経路である。
前記室外空気熱交換器１３は，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１や前記ヒートポンプサイクル２に循環される冷媒と室外空気との間で熱交換を行うものである。 The flowing water path 30a is a flowing water path in which the storage tank 31, the circulation pump 34, the switching valve 45, the water heat exchanger 32, the switching valve 43, and the storage tank 31 are connected in order from the water supply port. The flowing water path 30b is a flowing water path in which the switching valve 45, the water heat exchanger 32, the switching valve 43, and the hot water supply port are sequentially connected from the water supply port. The flowing water path 30c passes from the storage tank 31 through the switching valve 44 to the hot water supply port, and the flowing path 30d passes from the water supply port through the switching valve 44 to the hot water supply port. It is a distribution channel for water.
The outdoor air heat exchanger 13 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant circulated in the heat pump cycle 1 and the heat pump cycle 2 and outdoor air.

前記水熱交換器３２は，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１に循環される冷媒が流通する配管１４と，前記ヒートポンプサイクル２に循環される冷媒が流通する配管２５と，前記流水経路３０ａ，３０ｂ上に流れる水が流通する配管３３と，を備えている。前記水熱交換器３２では，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１や前記ヒートポンプサイクル２に循環される冷媒と，前記流水経路３０ａ又は前記流水経路３０ｂ上を流れる水との間で熱交換が行われる。具体的には，前記水熱交換器３２が，前記ヒートポンプサイクル１に接続された配管１４と前記流水経路３０ａ，３０ｂ上に設けられた配管３３，前記ヒートポンプサイクル２に接続された配管２５と前記配管３３が共に接触するように構成されている。   The water heat exchanger 32 includes a pipe 14 through which the refrigerant circulated through the heat pump cycle 1, a pipe 25 through which a refrigerant circulated through the heat pump cycle 2, and water flowing on the water flow paths 30a and 30b. And a pipe 33 through which is circulated. In the water heat exchanger 32, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant circulated in the heat pump cycle 1 or the heat pump cycle 2 and the water flowing on the flowing water path 30a or the flowing water path 30b. Specifically, the water heat exchanger 32 includes a pipe 14 connected to the heat pump cycle 1, a pipe 33 provided on the flowing water paths 30a and 30b, a pipe 25 connected to the heat pump cycle 2, and the It is comprised so that the piping 33 may contact together.

前記貯留タンク３１の上層には前記水熱交換器３２において前記冷媒との熱交換によって加熱された温水が，前記貯留タンク３１の下層には給水口から供給される水が貯留される。
当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘでは，前記制御部（不図示）によって前記各構成要素が制御されることにより，給水口から供給された水を前記流水経路３０ｂ上に流した後，前記水熱交換器３２によって加熱して給湯口から直接給湯する瞬間給湯運転や，給水口から供給された水を前記流水経路３０ａ上に流した後，前記水熱交換器３２によって加熱して前記貯留タンク３１に貯留する貯湯運転などが行われる。
ここで，前記瞬間給湯運転では，前記切換弁４３及び４５が前記制御部によって制御されることにより，前記給水口から供給された水が前記流水経路３０ｂに沿って破線矢印方向に流通することにより，前記給湯口から温水が給湯される。また，前記貯湯運転では，前記循環ポンプ３４が駆動されることにより，前記流水経路３０ａに沿って実線矢印方向に水が流通することにより，貯留タンク３１に温水が貯留される。
但し，前記瞬間給湯運転が開始してからの一定時間は，前記水熱交換器３２による加熱量が十分得られない。そのため，瞬間給湯運転開始後の一定時間は，前記貯留タンク３１に貯留された温水が，前記流水経路３０ｃを経て切換弁４４において，前記給水口から前記流水経路３０ｄを経て供給される水と混合されて温度調節された後，前記給湯口に供給される。これにより，前記給湯口から瞬時に温水を給湯することが可能である。そして，前記水熱交換器３２によって給水口から供給された水を十分に加熱することが可能となった時点で，前記貯留タンク３１からの温水の供給は停止され，その後は，前記給水口から前記水熱交換器３２を経て前記給湯口に続く流水経路３０ｂを用いて瞬間給湯が行われる。なお，前記貯留タンク３１に貯留された高温の温水を前記給水口から供給される水と混合することなく，そのまま給湯することも可能である。 Hot water heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the water heat exchanger 32 is stored in the upper layer of the storage tank 31, and water supplied from the water supply port is stored in the lower layer of the storage tank 31.
In the heat pump type hot water heater X, the components are controlled by the control unit (not shown) so that the water supplied from the water supply port flows on the water flow path 30b, and then the water heat exchanger Instantaneous hot water supply operation in which the water is heated by 32 and directly supplied from the hot water supply port, or the water supplied from the water supply port is made to flow on the flowing water path 30a and then heated by the water heat exchanger 32 and stored in the storage tank 31. Hot water storage operation is performed.
Here, in the instantaneous hot water supply operation, the control valves 43 and 45 are controlled by the control unit so that the water supplied from the water supply port flows in the direction of the broken arrow along the water flow path 30b. , Hot water is supplied from the hot water supply port. Further, in the hot water storage operation, when the circulation pump 34 is driven, water flows in the direction of the solid arrow along the flowing water path 30a, whereby hot water is stored in the storage tank 31.
However, a sufficient amount of heating by the water heat exchanger 32 cannot be obtained for a certain time after the instantaneous hot water supply operation is started. Therefore, for a certain period of time after the start of the instantaneous hot water supply operation, the hot water stored in the storage tank 31 is mixed with the water supplied from the water supply port through the flowing water path 30d in the switching valve 44 through the flowing water path 30c. After the temperature is adjusted, the hot water supply port is supplied. Thereby, hot water can be instantaneously supplied from the hot water supply port. Then, when the water supplied from the water supply port by the water heat exchanger 32 can be sufficiently heated, the supply of hot water from the storage tank 31 is stopped, and thereafter, from the water supply port. Instantaneous hot water supply is performed using a flowing water path 30b that passes through the water heat exchanger 32 and continues to the hot water supply port. It is also possible to supply hot water as it is without mixing the hot water stored in the storage tank 31 with the water supplied from the water supply port.

前記ヒートポンプサイクル１（以下，「ＣＯ2サイクル１」という）は，圧縮機１１，前記水熱交換器３２，膨張器１２及び前記室外空気熱交換器１３が順に接続された循環経路１０を有している。
前記循環経路１０では，前記制御部（不図示）によって前記圧縮機１１が駆動されることにより，炭酸ガス冷媒の一例であるＣＯ2冷媒（第一の冷媒の一例）が図示する矢印方向に循環される。ここに，前記ＣＯ2冷媒は，後述するＲ４１０Ａ冷媒と異なる特性を持ち，冷媒の特性として水を高温（９０℃程度）まで加熱することができるが，エネルギ消費効率が比較的低い。そのため，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１は，主に前記貯湯運転における水の加熱に用いられる。
具体的には，前記圧縮機１１において圧縮して吐出された高温高圧の前記ＣＯ2冷媒が，前記水熱交換器３２において前記流水経路３０ａまたは３０ｂ上を流れる水と熱交換されて冷却された後，前記膨張器１２において膨張する。その後，前記膨張器１２で膨張した低温低圧の前記ＣＯ2冷媒は，前記室外空気熱交換器１３において室外空気と熱交換されて吸熱し気化した後，再度前記圧縮機１１に流入する。
前記ＣＯ2サイクル１では，前記のように前記ＣＯ2冷媒が前記循環経路１０に循環されることにより，前記流水経路３０ａまたは３０ｂ上を矢印方向に流れる水が，前記水熱交換器３２における前記ＣＯ2冷媒との熱交換によって９０℃程度まで加熱される。 The heat pump cycle 1 (hereinafter referred to as “CO 2 cycle 1”) has a circulation path 10 in which a compressor 11, the water heat exchanger 32, an expander 12, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 are connected in order. ing.
In the circulation path 10, when the compressor 11 is driven by the control unit (not shown), a CO 2 refrigerant (an example of a first refrigerant), which is an example of a carbon dioxide refrigerant, circulates in an arrow direction shown in the drawing. Is done. Here, the CO 2 refrigerant has characteristics different from the R410A refrigerant described later, and can heat water to a high temperature (about 90 ° C.) as a characteristic of the refrigerant, but has a relatively low energy consumption efficiency. Therefore, the CO 2 cycle 1 is mainly used for heating water in the hot water storage operation.
Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure CO 2 refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 11 is cooled by heat exchange with water flowing on the flowing water path 30a or 30b in the water heat exchanger 32. Thereafter, the expander 12 expands. Thereafter, the low-temperature and low-pressure CO 2 refrigerant expanded in the expander 12 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then flows into the compressor 11 again.
In the CO 2 cycle 1, the CO 2 refrigerant is circulated through the circulation path 10 as described above, so that water flowing in the direction of the arrow on the flowing water path 30 a or 30 b is transferred to the water heat exchanger 32. It is heated to about 90 ° C. by heat exchange with the CO 2 refrigerant.

一方，前記ヒートポンプサイクル２（以下，「Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２」という）は，ＨＦＣ冷媒の一例であるＲ４１０Ａ冷媒（第二の冷媒の一例）が循環される循環経路２０及び循環経路４０を有している。ここに，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒は，前記ＣＯ2冷媒と異なる特性を持ち，ＣＯ2冷媒に比べて水を低温（６５℃程度）までしか加熱することができないが，エネルギ消費効率（ＣＯＰ）は高いので，比較的低い沸上げ温度に適している。そのため，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２は，主に前記瞬間給湯運転における水の加熱に用いられる。なお，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒の他の例としては，例えばＲ４０７Ｃ／Ｅ，Ｒ４０４Ａ，Ｒ５０７Ａ，Ｒ１３４ａ等がある。また，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘに用いられる二つの異なる冷媒は，炭酸ガス冷媒及びＨＦＣ冷媒に限られるものではなく，熱交換効率やエネルギ消費効率などの特性が異なる二つの冷媒を用いればよい。 On the other hand, the heat pump cycle 2 (hereinafter referred to as “R410A cycle 2”) has a circulation path 20 and a circulation path 40 through which an R410A refrigerant (an example of a second refrigerant) that is an example of an HFC refrigerant is circulated. . Here, the R410A refrigerant, the CO 2 has a refrigerant different properties, but can only heat the water compared to the CO 2 refrigerant to a low temperature (about 65 ° C.), since the energy consumption efficiency (COP) is high , Suitable for relatively low boiling temperature. Therefore, the R410A cycle 2 is mainly used for heating water in the instantaneous hot water supply operation. Other examples of the R410A refrigerant include R407C / E, R404A, R507A, and R134a. Further, the two different refrigerants used in the heat pump type hot water heater X are not limited to the carbon dioxide refrigerant and the HFC refrigerant, and two refrigerants having different characteristics such as heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption efficiency may be used.

前記循環経路２０は，圧縮機２１，四方弁２４，切換弁４１，前記水熱交換器３２，切換弁４２，膨張器（例えば膨張弁）２２，前記室外空気熱交換器１３及び前記四方弁２４が順に接続されて構成されている。前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２では，前記制御部（不図示）によって前記圧縮機２１が駆動されることにより，前記循環経路２０において前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒が図示する実線矢印方向に循環される。具体的には，前記圧縮機２１において圧縮して吐出された高温高圧の前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒が，前記四方弁２４及び前記切換弁４１を経て前記水熱交換器３２に達する。そして，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒は，前記水熱交換器３２において前記流水経路３０ａまたは３０ｂ上を流れる水と熱交換されて冷却される。その後，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒は，前記切換弁４２を経て前記膨張器２２において膨張する。そして，前記膨張器２２で膨張した低温低圧の前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒は，前記室外空気熱交換器１３において室外空気と熱交換されて吸熱し気化した後，前記四方弁２４を経て再度前記圧縮機２１に流入する。
これにより，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２では，前記流水経路３０ａまたは３０ｂ上を矢印方向に流れる水が，前記水熱交換器３２における前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒との熱交換によって６５℃程度まで加熱される。なお，前記水熱交換器３２における前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒と水との流通方向が反対であるため，該Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒と水との熱交換は効率的に行われる。 The circulation path 20 includes a compressor 21, a four-way valve 24, a switching valve 41, the water heat exchanger 32, a switching valve 42, an expander (for example, an expansion valve) 22, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, and the four-way valve 24. Are connected in order. In the R410A cycle 2, when the compressor 21 is driven by the control unit (not shown), the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the circulation path 20 in the direction indicated by the solid arrow. Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure R410A refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 21 reaches the water heat exchanger 32 through the four-way valve 24 and the switching valve 41. The R410A refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with water flowing on the flowing water path 30a or 30b in the water heat exchanger 32. Thereafter, the R410A refrigerant expands in the expander 22 via the switching valve 42. The low-temperature and low-pressure R410A refrigerant expanded in the expander 22 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then passes again through the four-way valve 24 to the compressor 21 again. Inflow.
Thereby, in the R410A cycle 2, the water flowing in the direction of the arrow on the flowing water path 30a or 30b is heated to about 65 ° C. by heat exchange with the R410A refrigerant in the water heat exchanger 32. Since the flow direction of the R410A refrigerant and water in the water heat exchanger 32 is opposite, heat exchange between the R410A refrigerant and water is performed efficiently.

他方，前記循環経路４０は，前記圧縮機２１，前記四方弁２４，前記切換弁４１，室内空気熱交換器４，前記切換弁４２，前記膨張器２２，前記室外空気熱交換器１３及び前記四方弁２４が順に接続されて構成されている。
ここに，前記室内空気熱交換器４は，室内の冷暖房を行う空気調和機（不図示）に設けられ，前記循環経路４０内に循環される前記Ｒ４１０Ａ冷媒と室内空気との間で熱交換を行うことにより室内空気を加熱或いは冷却するものである。 On the other hand, the circulation path 40 includes the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 41, the indoor air heat exchanger 4, the switching valve 42, the expander 22, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, and the four-way. Valves 24 are connected in order.
Here, the indoor air heat exchanger 4 is provided in an air conditioner (not shown) that performs indoor heating and cooling, and exchanges heat between the R410A refrigerant circulated in the circulation path 40 and room air. By doing so, the indoor air is heated or cooled.

ところで，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１に循環されるＣＯ2冷媒は，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２に循環されるＲ４１０Ａ冷媒よりも高圧であるため，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘでは，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１及び前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２に異なる構成要素が用いられる。例えば，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の循環経路１０を構成する配管（以下「ＣＯ2配管」という）には，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の循環経路２０，４０を構成する配管（以下「Ｒ４１０Ａ配管」という）よりも肉厚が大きく耐圧性能の高いものが用いられる。また，同様に，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１に接続された前記水熱交換器３２の配管１４にも，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２に接続された前記水熱交換器３２の配管２５よりも肉厚が大きく耐圧性能の高いものが用いられる。
前述したように，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２で用いるＲ４１０Ａ配管や前記配管２５を誤って前記ＣＯ2サイクル１で用いると，耐圧性能の不足から該Ｒ４１０Ａ配管が破損したり冷媒漏れが発生するおそれがある。そのため，従来では，装置の組み立て時に，その配管と該配管の接続先との組み合わせを慎重に確認しながら作業を行う必要があった。なお，前記確認は例えば構成要素に付された型番や装置名称などを参照することにより行われる。 By the way, since the CO 2 refrigerant circulated in the CO 2 cycle 1 has a higher pressure than the R410A refrigerant circulated in the R410A cycle 2, the heat pump water heater X has the CO 2 cycle 1 and the R410A cycle. Two different components are used. For example, the piping constituting the circulation path 10 of the CO 2 cycle 1 (hereinafter referred to as “CO 2 piping”) is connected to the piping constituting the circulation paths 20 and 40 of the R410A cycle 2 (hereinafter referred to as “R410A piping”). Also, a material having a large thickness and high pressure resistance is used. Similarly, the pipe 14 of the water heat exchanger 32 connected to the CO 2 cycle 1 is thicker than the pipe 25 of the water heat exchanger 32 connected to the R410A cycle 2 and has a pressure resistance. The one with high performance is used.
As described above, if the R410A pipe used in the R410A cycle 2 or the pipe 25 is used erroneously in the CO 2 cycle 1, the R410A pipe may be damaged or refrigerant leakage may occur due to insufficient pressure resistance. Therefore, conventionally, when assembling the apparatus, it was necessary to perform work while carefully checking the combination of the pipe and the connection destination of the pipe. The confirmation is performed, for example, by referring to the model number or device name attached to the component.

しかしながら，本発明の実施の形態に係る前記ヒートポンプ式給湯Ｘでは，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の構成要素である前記圧縮機１１や前記膨張器１２，前記配管１４，前記ＣＯ2配管などが緑色に着色されており，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の構成要素である前記圧縮機２１や前記膨張器１２，前記配管２５，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ配管などがピンク色に着色されている。なお，前記着色は，周囲にできる限り障害物が少なく，組立作業時に作業者が容易に視認可能な位置に施すことが望ましい。
ここで，前記各構成要素の着色は，該構成要素の全体或いは一部に施しておけばよい。例えば，前記各構成要素における他の構成要素との接続部位に着色を施すことが考えられる。具体的には，図２に示すように，前記循環経路１０（２０，４０）を構成する前記ＣＯ2配管（Ｒ４１０Ａ配管）の接続部１０ａ（２０ａ，４０ａ）から少し離れた位置１０ｂ（２０ｂ，４０ｂ）に，緑色（ピンク色）の着色を施すことが考えられる。このように，前記接続部１０ａ（２０ａ，４０ａ）から少し離れた位置１０ｂ（２０ｂ，４０ｂ）に着色を施すことにより，該接続部１０ａ（２０ａ，４０ａ）を溶接する際などに高温で変色することを防止することができる。
また，前記構成要素各々に，緑色やピンク色に着色されたシールが貼り付けられて構成されることも本発明の実施例として考えられる。このとき，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１と前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２とで異なる形状のシールを用いればより判別が容易になる。
このように，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘでは，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の構成要素と前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の構成要素とに異なる色が着色されているため，前記ＣＯ2配管の接続先が前記圧縮機１１や前記配管１４であり，前記Ｒ４１０Ａ配管の接続先が前記圧縮機２１や前記配管２５であることをその着色された色から容易に把握することができる。
したがって，当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘの組立作業時における前記ＣＯ2配管や前記Ｒ４１０Ａ配管の接続作業の効率を向上させることができると共に，接続ミスを防止することができる。 However, in the heat pump hot water supply X according to the embodiment of the present invention, the compressor 11, the expander 12, the pipe 14, the CO 2 pipe, etc., which are components of the CO 2 cycle 1, are colored green. The compressor 21, the expander 12, the pipe 25, the R410A pipe, etc., which are constituent elements of the R410A cycle 2, are colored pink. It should be noted that the coloring is preferably performed at a position where there are as few obstacles as possible in the surroundings and can be easily seen by the operator during assembly work.
Here, the coloring of each of the constituent elements may be performed on the whole or a part of the constituent elements. For example, it is conceivable to color the connection part of each of the constituent elements with other constituent elements. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the position 10b (20b, 20b, 20a, 20a, 40a) slightly separated from the connection part 10a (20a, 40a) of the CO 2 pipe (R410A pipe) constituting the circulation path 10 (20, 40). 40b) may be colored green (pink). In this way, by coloring the position 10b (20b, 40b) a little away from the connection portion 10a (20a, 40a), the color changes at a high temperature when the connection portion 10a (20a, 40a) is welded. This can be prevented.
In addition, it may be considered as an embodiment of the present invention that each of the constituent elements is configured by being attached with a seal colored in green or pink. At this time, if the seals having different shapes are used in the CO 2 cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2, the discrimination becomes easier.
As described above, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, the components of the CO 2 cycle 1 and the components of the R410A cycle 2 are colored differently, and therefore the connection destination of the CO 2 pipe is the compressor. 11 and the pipe 14, and it can be easily grasped from the colored color that the connection destination of the R410A pipe is the compressor 21 or the pipe 25.
Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the connection work of the CO 2 pipe and the R410A pipe at the time of the assembly work of the heat pump hot water heater X, and to prevent a connection error.

また，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の前記圧縮機１１や前記膨張器１２，前期Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の前記圧縮機２１や前記膨張器２２などの電気部品には，駆動電力の電送に用いられる電気線材や前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘの動作を制御する制御部（不図示）からの制御信号の電圧電送に用いられる電気線材が接続される。
ここで，前記電気線材が誤って前記ＣＯ2サイクル１と前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２とに入れ違えて接続されると，当該ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘにおける前記制御部による制御が正しく行われない。そのため，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘや前記電気部品が故障するおそれがある。
そのため，前記ヒートポンプ式給湯機Ｘでは，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の電気部品や該電気部品に接続する電気線材，前記制御部における前記電気線材の接続部などが緑色に着色され，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の電気部品や該電気部品に接続する電気線材，前記制御部における前記電気線材の接続部などがピンク色に着色されている。これにより，前記電気線材の接続先をその着色された色から容易に把握することができる。したがって，前記接続配線の接続作業の効率を向上させることができると共に，接続ミスを防止することができる。
また，本実施の形態では，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の構成要素に統一した緑色の着色を施し，前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクルの構成要素に統一したピンク色の着色を施すことを例を挙げて説明したが，各構成要素の接続部毎に異なる色の着色を施すことも他の実施例として考えられる。この場合，前記ＣＯ2サイクル１の構成要素と前記Ｒ４１０Ａサイクル２の構成要素の混同を避けるだけではなく，その接続先をも容易に把握することができる。 In addition, the electrical components such as the compressor 11 and the expander 12 in the CO 2 cycle 1, the compressor 21 and the expander 22 in the previous R410A cycle 2, and the like are used for the transmission of driving power. An electric wire used for voltage transmission of a control signal from a control unit (not shown) that controls the operation of the heat pump type hot water heater X is connected.
Here, if the electric wire is mistakenly connected to the CO 2 cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2, the control by the control unit in the heat pump type hot water heater X is not performed correctly. Therefore, there is a possibility that the heat pump type hot water heater X and the electric parts will break down.
Therefore, in the heat pump type water heater X, the electrical parts of the CO 2 cycle 1 and the electrical wires connected to the electrical parts, the connection parts of the electrical wires in the control unit, etc. are colored green, and the R410A cycle 2 The electrical component, the electrical wire connected to the electrical component, the connection portion of the electrical wire in the control unit, and the like are colored pink. Thereby, the connection destination of the said electrical wire can be easily grasped | ascertained from the colored color. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the connection work of the connection wiring and to prevent a connection error.
Further, in the present embodiment, the description has been given by giving an example in which the green component coloration is applied to the CO 2 cycle 1 components and the pink color application is applied to the R410A cycle components. It is also conceivable as another embodiment that a different color is applied to each connecting portion of each component. In this case, it is possible not only to avoid confusion between the components of the CO 2 cycle 1 and the components of the R410A cycle 2, but also to easily grasp the connection destination.

本発明の実施の形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯機の概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of the heat pump type hot water heater which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯機に用いられる配管の着色部位を説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating the coloring site | part of piping used for the heat pump type water heater which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…ヒートポンプサイクル（第一のヒートポンプサイクルの一例）
２，５…ヒートポンプサイクル（第二のヒートポンプサイクルの一例）
４…室内空気熱交換器
６…室外機
１１，２１…圧縮機
１２，２２…膨張器
１３…室外空気熱交換器
１４，２５，３３…配管
１０，２０，４０…循環経路
２４…四方弁
３０ａ〜３０ｄ…流水経路
３１…貯留タンク
３２…水熱交換器
４１〜４５…切換弁 1 ... heat pump cycle (an example of a first heat pump cycle)
2, 5 ... Heat pump cycle (example of second heat pump cycle)
4 ... Indoor air heat exchanger 6 ... Outdoor units 11, 21 ... Compressors 12, 22 ... Expander 13 ... Outdoor air heat exchangers 14, 25, 33 ... Pipes 10, 20, 40 ... Circulation path 24 ... Four-way valve 30a ~ 30d ... flowing water path 31 ... storage tank 32 ... water heat exchangers 41 to 45 ... switching valve

Claims (5)

第一の冷媒が循環される第一のヒートポンプサイクルと，前記第一の冷媒と異なる特性を持つ第二の冷媒が循環される第二のヒートポンプサイクルと，を備えてなるヒートポンプ式給湯機であって，
前記第一のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素と前記第二のヒートポンプサイクルの構成要素とが異なる色に着色されてなることを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯機。 A heat pump type water heater comprising: a first heat pump cycle in which a first refrigerant is circulated; and a second heat pump cycle in which a second refrigerant having characteristics different from those of the first refrigerant is circulated. And
The heat pump type hot water heater, wherein the constituent elements of the first heat pump cycle and the constituent elements of the second heat pump cycle are colored in different colors. 前記第一の冷媒が炭酸ガス冷媒であって，前記第二の冷媒がＨＦＣ冷媒である請求項１に記載のヒートポンプ式給湯機。   The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 1, wherein the first refrigerant is a carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the second refrigerant is an HFC refrigerant. 前記構成要素の着色が該構成要素の全体或いは一部に施されるものである請求項１又は２のいずれかに記載のヒートポンプ式給湯機。   The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component is colored on all or a part of the component. 前記構成要素が，冷媒が流通する冷媒配管及び該冷媒配管が接続される圧縮機を含んでなる請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載のヒートポンプ式給湯機。   The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the component includes a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows and a compressor to which the refrigerant pipe is connected. 前記構成要素が，電送に用いられる電気線材及び該電気線材が接続される電気部品を含んでなる請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載のヒートポンプ式給湯機。   The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the component includes an electric wire used for electric transmission and an electric component to which the electric wire is connected.
JP2006109552A 2006-04-12 2006-04-12 Heat pump type water heater Pending JP2007278677A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN103900248A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant water heater
CN103900250A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant heating type water heater
CN103900253A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant air energy heat-pump water heater and control method thereof
CN103900249A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant air energy heat-pump water heater and control method thereof
CN103900138A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Double-compressor air energy heat pump heat supply and heating system
JP2016211831A (en) * 2015-05-13 2016-12-15 多門 山内 Method for stable utilization of high temperature and low temperature heat storage device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103900248A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant water heater
CN103900250A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant heating type water heater
CN103900253A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant air energy heat-pump water heater and control method thereof
CN103900249A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant air energy heat-pump water heater and control method thereof
CN103900138A (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Double-compressor air energy heat pump heat supply and heating system
WO2014101664A1 (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-03 Chen Jianliang Instantaneous water heater
CN103900248B (en) * 2012-12-25 2016-03-02 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Immediately heating water heater
CN103900249B (en) * 2012-12-25 2017-08-11 福州斯狄渢电热水器有限公司 Instant heating type air energy heat pump water heater and its control method
JP2016211831A (en) * 2015-05-13 2016-12-15 多門 山内 Method for stable utilization of high temperature and low temperature heat storage device

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