JP2007268380A - Oil/water separation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil/water separation system capable of recovering oil from an oil-containing solid and obtaining clean dry powder while suppressing an oil/water separation cost. <P>SOLUTION: The oil/water separation system is provided with a crushing and drying machine 1 to which a rotary shaft 101 is vertically provided near the bottom part center inside a chamber 100 with an internal space, and in which a turning element 103 comprising a blade, a chain or both of them is attached to the rotary shaft 101, and the tip end of the turning element 103 is controlled so as to be horizontally rotated at the speed of ≥100 m/sec and ≤250 m/sec. An object to be treated containing water and oil is fed from the upper part of the crushing and drying machine 1 into the chamber 100, a mist-like object containing the water and the oil in the object to be treated is separated and generated, the object to be treated from which the water and the oil are separated is introduced to a cyclone 2 to obtain the dry powder, the mist-like object is sent to an oil/water separator and the water and the oil are separated and recovered. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil / water separation system, and more particularly, to an oil / water separation system that can collect oil from an oil-containing solid and obtain a clean dry powder.

  Refinery crude oil tanks are regularly inspected for release as required by the Fire Service Act. At this time, crude oil in the tank is extracted and the inside is cleaned, and as a result, a large amount of oil-containing sludge is discharged. This oil-impregnated sludge is usually disposed of by incineration, but the cost is enormous and is a heavy burden on each refinery.

  Conventionally, instead of incineration, a method of removing oil and water from oil-containing sludge using a centrifuge that rotates a container or a filter or a steam heating type separator has been developed.

  In the method using a centrifuge that rotates a container or a filter, it is necessary to consider the safe operation by limiting the rotation speed due to the structure of the separator, and a substance that has a particularly high affinity with oil and water (oil-containing substance) In this case, there is a drawback that the separation ability is not sufficient, so in Patent Document 1, after the solid content is mechanically separated and removed by a centrifugal separator, an acrylic polymer flocculant is used, and the suspension in the waste water is removed. A method of coagulating and precipitating is disclosed. However, the use of the polymer flocculant has a drawback of increasing the cost.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a first extraction tank in which oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with a solvent to extract oil contained in the sludge into a solvent, and a mixture in the extraction tank is separated into a solid phase R and an oil phase L. A centrifuge, a water washing tank for washing the separated solid phase R with water and transferring the remaining oil to the aqueous phase, and a second centrifuge for separating the mixture in the water washing tank into the solid phase D and the water phase M The oil-water separation system comprised from these is disclosed. The extraction tank includes a heating jacket and a stirrer, and steam is introduced from the boiler into the jacket to heat the contents of the extraction tank.

Since it is necessary to supply steam to this extraction tank, there is a drawback that the cost of energy consumption increases.
JP 2004-243300 A JP 09-176659 A

  Then, the subject of this invention is providing the oil-water separation system which can collect | recover an oil component from oil-containing solid and can obtain a clean dry powder, suppressing the separation cost of oil moisture.

  The other subject of this invention becomes clear by the following description.

  The above problems are solved by the following inventions.

(Claim 1)
A rotating shaft is provided near the center of the bottom in the chamber having an internal space, and a rotating element consisting of a blade and / or a chain is attached to the rotating shaft, and the tip of the rotating element is at least 100 m / sec and 250 m. A crusher / dryer controlled to rotate horizontally at a speed of / sec or less, and a workpiece containing water and oil is introduced into the chamber from the top of the crusher / dryer. A mist-like product containing water and oil is separated and produced, and a processed material from which moisture and oil are separated is introduced into a cyclone to obtain a dry powder, and the mist is sent to an oil-water separator to separate water and oil. An oil-water separation system characterized by collecting.

(Claim 2)
The oil-water separation system according to claim 1, wherein the object to be treated is one or a combination of two or more of oil-containing ore, oil-containing sludge, tar sand, or oil shale.

(Claim 3)
The oil / water separator includes a packed tower that introduces a mist-like material containing moisture and oil, contacts and separates the packed material, and introduces the mist-like material separated and removed by the packed tower into water and oil. The oil-water separation system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an oil separator for separation.

(Claim 4)
The oil-water separation system according to claim 3, wherein a filter made of filter cloth or activated carbon is disposed in the exhaust passage above the packed tower.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the oil-water separation system which can collect | recover an oil component from oil-containing solid and can obtain a clean dry powder can be provided, suppressing the separation cost of oil moisture.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of an oil / water separation system according to the present invention, in which 1 is a crushing dryer, 2 is a cyclone, 3 is a packed tower, and 4 is an oil separator.

  In the crusher / dryer 1, a rotating shaft 101 is provided near the center of the bottom of a chamber 100 having an internal space, and a rotating element 103 made of a chain is attached to an attaching portion 102 formed at the tip of the rotating shaft 101. ing.

  In the present invention, a chain is used as an example of the rotating element. However, when the centrifugal force does not act, the chain hangs down in the direction of gravity. However, when the centrifugal force acts, the chain maintains the horizontal direction and rotates. Such a member is designated, and a chain that exhibits the same action as a chain is also included.

  Reference numeral 104 denotes a motor serving as a drive source.

  The rotating element 103 may be a blade instead of a chain, or a chain and a blade may be used in combination. As the material of the chain or the blade, a metal or a resin excellent in strength and wear resistance can be used.

  The number of chains is not particularly limited, but four to eight, preferably four to six are arranged radially around the mounting portion 102.

  FIG. 2 shows an example in which six chains 103 </ b> A are arranged radially around the attachment portion 102. In this example, the peripheral shape of the chamber 100 is a cylindrical shape, but may be a rectangular tube shape.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which four chains 103A and four blades 103B are alternately arranged radially.

  In the present invention, the tip 103a of the rotating element 103 is controlled to rotate horizontally at a speed of 100 m / sec to 250 m / sec. If it is less than 100 m / sec, the oil separation efficiency is low, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. Here, “horizontal rotation” may be substantially horizontal.

  The material to be treated to be fed into the crushing / drying machine 1 may be anything as long as it contains moisture and oil, but among them, oil-containing solids are preferable in the present invention. More preferably, it is a seed or a combination of two or more.

  The rotating element 103 installed in the chamber 100 is controlled so that the tip 103a rotates horizontally at a speed of 100 m / sec or more and 250 m / sec or less. By such control, a strong centrifugal force acts on the rotating element 103. The centrifugal force can be changed depending on the properties of the object to be treated. For example, in the case of sludge having a high lipophilicity, a centrifugal force of about several thousand (for example, 3000 to 5000) G is required.

  When the object to be processed is put into the chamber 100 from the upper part of the crushing and drying machine 1, it collides with the rotating element 103 that rotates at a high speed and a strong centrifugal force acts.

  For example, when the object to be processed includes solid matter, oil, and moisture, when the object to be treated collides with a rotating element that rotates at a high speed, it is separated into a mist-like substance that contains moisture and oil and a solid matter. .

  The solid matter is powdered by collision with the rotating element, and is introduced into the cyclone 2 from the discharge pipe 200. The introduction energy depends on the suction force of the blower 201. In this embodiment, the blower 201 is provided in a pipe 202 that connects the cyclone 2 and the crushing dryer 1.

  The solid powder generated in the chamber 100 is sent to the cyclone 2 by suction of the blower 201, and the solid powder is separated from the air by the action of the cyclone 2, and is taken out below the cyclone 2. The air from which the solid powder has been removed is sent to the crushing dryer 1. Since this solid powder does not contain moisture or oil, it is taken out as a dry powder.

  On the other hand, the mist is sent from the discharge pipe 300 to the packed tower 3. The packed tower 3 has a packed bed 301, and the packed bed 301 is filled with a filler made of metal, ceramic, or resin (for example, polypropylene). The shape of the filler is not particularly limited, and may be any of a cylinder, a ring shape, a sphere, and the like, and in the case of a cylinder, an outer shape in the range of 10 to 50 mm is preferable. Commercially available various types of Raschig rings can also be used. The height of the packed bed 301 varies depending on the content of water and oil in the object to be processed. For example, when the solid is 20 to 90% by weight, the oil is 4 to 15% by weight, and the water is 5 to 80% by weight, the height is 1 to 3 m. The range is preferable for effectively separating mist-like substances.

  It is preferable to provide a filter 302 above the packed bed 301 in order to reduce mist components in the exhaust air and prevent generation of white smoke. Reference numeral 303 denotes an exhaust pipe. As the filter 302, filter cloth, activated carbon, or the like can be used.

  An exhaust fan (not shown) may be provided in the process from the exhaust pipe 300 to the exhaust pipe 303.

  When the mist-like material is sent to the packed tower 3, it comes into contact with and adheres to the packing material of the packed bed 301, and falls by its own weight. The fallen mist-like material is sent to the oil separator 4 and separated by specific gravity. Oil is obtained from the upper layer, and water is obtained from the lower layer. The oil separator 4 may be a specific gravity separation method or an API method.

  The effects of the present invention are illustrated below by examples.

Example 1
An oil shale containing about 40 gallons of oil per ton was processed with the apparatus shown in FIG. At a processing speed of 7.5 t / h, the power consumption was 160 kwh.

  For comparison, when oil was recovered from the oil shale by steam heating, the required steam amount was 1 t / t-oil shale.

  Therefore, in the present invention, assuming that 100 kwh of electric power can be recovered from 1 t steam, the present invention can process 7.5 × 100/160 (t / t-steam).

Example 2
Heavy oil was removed from the heavy oil-contaminated sludge (sand gravel) using the apparatus shown in FIG. When the relationship between the number of chain rotations and the heavy oil removal rate was examined, the results shown in the following table were obtained.

Example 3
The to-be-processed object (oil-containing earth and sand) of the component shown in Table 2 was processed with the apparatus shown in FIG. The packed bed height in the packed tower was about 2 m, and a metal tube having an outer diameter of about 3.5 cm was used as the packing material. The filter used was a polyethylene filter cloth. Furthermore, an API system was adopted for the oil separator.

  The processing results are as shown in Table 2.

Example 4
An object to be treated (oil-containing sludge) having the components shown in Table 3 was treated with the apparatus shown in FIG. The packed bed height in the packed tower was about 2 m, and a metal tube having an outer diameter of about 3.5 cm was used as the packing material. The filter used was a polyethylene filter cloth. Furthermore, an API system was adopted for the oil separator.

  The processing results are as shown in Table 3.

The flowchart which shows an example of the oil-water separation system which concerns on this invention Diagram showing examples of chain arrangement Diagram showing examples of chain and blade arrangement

Explanation of symbols

1: Crusher / Dryer 100: Chamber 101: Rotating shaft 102: Mounting portion 103: Rotating element 104: Motor 103A: Chain 103B: Blade 103a: Tip 2: Cyclone 200: Discharge pipe 201: Blower 202: Piping 3: Packing tower 300: exhaust pipe 301: packed bed 302: filter 303: exhaust pipe 4: oil separator

Claims (4)

  A rotating shaft is provided near the center of the bottom in the chamber having an internal space, and a rotating element consisting of a blade and / or a chain is attached to the rotating shaft, and the tip of the rotating element is at least 100 m / sec and 250 m. A crusher / dryer controlled to rotate horizontally at a speed of / sec or less, and a workpiece containing water and oil is introduced into the chamber from the top of the crusher / dryer. A mist-like product containing water and oil is separated and produced, and the processed material from which moisture and oil are separated is introduced into a cyclone to obtain a dry powder, and the mist is sent to an oil-water separator to separate water and oil. An oil-water separation system characterized by collecting.   The oil-water separation system according to claim 1, wherein the object to be treated is one or a combination of two or more of oil-containing ore, oil-containing sludge, tar sand, or oil shale.   The oil / water separator includes a packed tower that introduces a mist-like material containing moisture and oil, contacts and separates the packed material, and introduces the mist-like material separated and removed by the packed tower into water and oil. The oil-water separation system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an oil separator for separation. The oil-water separation system according to claim 3, wherein a filter made of filter cloth or activated carbon is disposed in the exhaust passage above the packed tower.

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