JP2007253089A - Porous membrane type air-cleaning appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a reduction in air purification ability of each porous membrane element caused by a head difference of purification water between an upper water tank and each porous membrane element in case of supplying water for air purification to many steps of porous membrane elements provided with an altitude difference from the common upper water tank. <P>SOLUTION: A porous membrane type air-cleaning appliance comprises many steps of porous membrane elements 1A-1D consisting of a flat cylindrical element arranged with the altitude difference in an up-and-down direction, the water tank 2 positioned at a position above each porous membrane element and pooling the water for air purification to each porous membrane element, a plurality of inlet pipes 4A-4D supplying the water for air purification in parallelly from the water tank to each porous membrane element, and a plurality of outlet pipes 5A-5D discharging the water from each porous membrane element. In the filter, a throttle means is provided on the outlet pipe side to the porous membrane element positioned upward among many steps of porous membrane elements, and a throttle means is provided on the inlet pipe side to the porous membrane element positioned downward. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a porous membrane type air purification device using a porous membrane, and more particularly to an improved invention of the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-334277 relating to the prior application of the applicant of the present application.

  Use a hydrophobic porous membrane with a large number of micropores that allow gas to pass but not allow liquid to flow, and form an air flow path on one side through the porous membrane and the other side By forming a water flow passage in the air and allowing them to flow in a gas-liquid contact state through the porous membrane, only the desired gas component contained in the air is absorbed by the water side through a large number of micropores. There is an air purification device (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).

  By the way, when such a porous membrane is incorporated in a water circulation path equipped with a water circulation pump and water is continuously circulated to the water flow passage side, the porous membrane portion is a cylindrical element having a tube structure. 10, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a hydrophobic porous membrane having a large number of micropores 41 a, 41 a... At a predetermined interval inside a frame 40 made of synthetic resin having a U-shaped cross section. The flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,... Of flat membrane structure in which pure water is passed through the water flow passage between them, and the outer periphery of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,. When contaminated air containing contaminated gas is allowed to flow through, the following problems occur.

  For example, a water tank is provided on the upper upstream side of the porous membrane element 1 composed of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a..., While a water circulation pump is provided between the porous membrane element 1 and the water tank. When the configuration is such that pure water is circulated in one flat cylindrical element 1a, 1a,... (See, for example, Patent Document 2 below), the flat cylindrical element 1 has the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,. The suction pressure (negative pressure) of the water circulation pump acts, and for example, as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, on the other hand, a water tank is provided above the upstream side of the porous membrane element 1 via a water circulation pump, and pure water is circulated in the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,. When the structure is made to be used (see, for example, Patent Document 3 below), the discharge pressure (high positive pressure) of the water circulation pump acts in the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,. Thus, the convex deformation which the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 and 41 part swells outside is produced.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the porous membrane element 1 composed of flat membrane-type flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,..., A large number of flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,. This is a mechanism in which pure water flows through and the water-soluble gas in the contaminated air dissolves into the pure water through the hydrophobic porous membranes 41 and 41.

  Such improvement in the performance of the porous membrane element 1 is achieved by reducing the thickness a and the arrangement interval d of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a..., And reducing the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a in the unit as much as possible. This is achieved by increasing the number of ... and increasing the gas-liquid contact area.

  When the porous membranes 41, 41, 41, 41... Of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a... Are convexly deformed, the substantial d dimension decreases, so the flow velocity between the elements 1a, 1a. Thus, the element passage pressure loss increases and the removal rate also decreases. On the other hand, when it is deformed into a concave shape, the water-side passage becomes narrower, the dead water area increases, the effective gas-liquid contact area decreases, and the removal rate decreases. On the other hand, the element passage pressure loss does not change.

  This phenomenon becomes larger as the dimensions a and d are reduced, appearing as a result of a reduction in the removal rate, and there is a problem of hindering the initial purification performance.

  In order to solve such a problem, the inventors of the present invention provide water tanks opened to the atmosphere side on both the upper side and the lower side of the porous membrane element made of a flat cylindrical element, and each of these water tanks is provided. By constructing the water circulation system through this, as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 or 3, the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the water circulation pump directly act on the flat cylindrical element of the porous membrane element, and the porous membrane portion is deformed. There has already been proposed a porous membrane type air purification device that prevents this (see Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-334277).

  The invention of the present application is an improvement of the invention of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-334277 (prior application invention). First, the contents of the invention of the prior application will be described. Configured.

  That is, the structure of the above-mentioned invention of the prior application is, as illustrated in FIG. 14, water opened to the atmosphere side on each of the upper side and the lower side of the porous membrane element 1 composed of flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a. A water circulation pump is provided in the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,... Of the porous membrane element 1 by providing tanks 2 and 3 and constituting a water circulation system having a water circulation pump 9 through these water tanks 2 and 3. The porous membrane portion is not deformed by the action of the suction pressure 9 and the discharge pressure 9.

  In the configuration of the prior invention, the water tanks 2 and 3 are arranged on both the upper side and the lower side of the porous membrane element 1 composed of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a. The liquid level of the upper water tank 2 is kept at a constant water level to ensure the necessary head height H, and the flow path of the piping system in the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a. Water is allowed to flow at a constant flow rate according to resistance (passage gap / wall strength).

  Then, the water flowing out from the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a... Of the porous membrane element 1 is received by the lower water tank 3 which is also open to the atmosphere, and this is received by the water circulation pump 9 and the upper side water tank 2. Return to continually circulate.

  In this way, the suction pressure of the water circulation pump 9 is cut off at the second water tank (lower water tank) 3 portion, and the discharge pressure is cut off at the first water tank (upper water tank) 2 portion, and the porous membrane element is directly 1 does not act on the porous membranes 41, 41 of the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,... Prevents the deformation of the porous membranes 41, 41 as in the prior art and realizes a high-performance and stable operating state. be able to.

  In the prior invention, in addition to the above-described configuration, the upper and lower two water tanks 2 and 3 are further provided with atmospheric communication pipes 2a and 3a opened to the atmosphere side, respectively. , 3a, the upper and lower two water tanks 2, 3 are opened to the atmosphere side.

  Thus, when each of the upper and lower two water tanks 2 and 3 is opened to the atmosphere side through the atmosphere communication pipes 2a and 3a opened to the atmosphere side, the head and the lower water tank of the upper water tank 2 are provided. Both the pump suction pressure of the tank 3 can be used as the atmospheric standard.

  In the prior application invention, in addition to the above-described configuration, the atmosphere communication pipe 3a of the lower water tank 3 is further extended above the maximum water level of the upper water tank 2.

  In this way, it is possible to prevent water from leaking out of the system from the atmosphere communication pipe 3a when the operation is stopped.

  In the invention of the prior application, in addition to the above-described configuration, an overflow pipe 10 is provided between the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3 so as to communicate with each other, and the water level in the upper water tank 2 is predetermined. When it becomes higher than the level, the water in the upper water tank 2 is bypassed to the lower water tank 3 side.

  In this way, the amount of water returned to the upper water tank 2 by the water circulation pump 9 is made slightly larger than the amount of water flowing out of the porous membrane element 1, and the rest is from the overflow pipe 10 to the lower water tank at the upper water tank 2 portion. The optimum water surface level in the lower water tank 3 can be maintained by an extremely simple method that is simply bypassed to 3.

In the invention of the prior application, in addition to the above configuration, a first water amount adjusting valve V ₁ is further provided on the inlet side of the porous membrane element 1 to optimally adjust the supply water pressure and the circulation amount (passing water amount). I am doing so.

With such a configuration, the supply water pressure and the circulation amount (passage water amount) to the porous membrane element 1 are set such that the head height H for obtaining a required flow passage pressure and the first water amount adjustment valve V upstream of the porous membrane element 1 are obtained. ₁ can be adjusted optimally.

In the invention of the prior application, in addition to the above configuration, a second water amount adjusting valve V ₂ is further provided on the outlet side of the porous membrane element 1 so as to optimally adjust the supply water pressure and the circulation amount (passing water amount). ing.

With such a configuration, the water pressure and the circulation amount (passing water amount) with respect to the porous membrane element 1 are set to the head height H for obtaining the necessary flow path pressure and the second water amount adjustment valve V ₂ downstream of the porous membrane element 1. Can be adjusted optimally.

  By the way, the above explanation is about the case where the invention of the prior application is applied to the single-stage porous membrane element 1. A case where it is applied to a porous membrane element having a stage (for example, four stages) is also mentioned. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17. In the specification of the invention of the prior application, the following points are generally pointed out.

(Interstage connection of multi-stage flat cylindrical elements)
Considering the connection pattern between the stages when the upper water tank 2 is common to the plurality of porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, for example (assuming that the lower water tank 3 is not considered), 1) Series connection of all porous membrane elements 1A to 1D as shown in FIG. 15 (connecting passages 4a to 4d to 5 which are continuous with each other), (2) Parallel connection of each porous membrane element 1A to 1D as shown in FIG. (Individual parallel connection passages 4a to 5a, 4b to 5b, 4c to 5c, 4d to 5d for the respective porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, and first and second water amount adjusting valves V _{11 to} V for each of the connection passages. ₁₄ , V _{21 to} V ₂₄ ), (3) The serial connection of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1C from the uppermost stage to the third stage as shown in FIG. 17 and the parallel connection of the porous membrane element 1D of the fourth stage ( Connection passages 4a to 4c to 5a in series with each other, the same connection The connection passages 4d to 5b parallel to the passages 4a to 4c to 5a, and two sets of first and second water amount adjusting valves V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₂₁ and V ₂₂ corresponding to each of the two sets of connection passages) There are three possible types.

  According to the complete series connection as shown in FIG. 15 of (1), there is an advantage that the water circulation amount of each stage can be surely made common.

  Further, according to the parallel connection as shown in FIG. 16 in (2), the number of pipes and the number of water amount adjusting valves are increased, but the pressure loss is small, and the water circulation amount can be individually controlled. Of course, if the first and second water amount adjusting valves are aggregated into a common one and distributed and merged, the water circulation amount of each stage can be made equal.

  Considering the equipment cost and maintenance, we want to reduce the number of parts by sharing the upper and lower water tanks as much as possible, and simplify the piping route. However, depending on the target gas, circulating water affected by the previous stage flows in due to the common use of them. Doing so may result in an unfavorable result for that stage, so the above combinations are properly used depending on the gas to be removed and the application of the apparatus.

  In addition, the amount of water circulation in each stage is basically adjusted by the first and second water amount regulating valves above and below the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D. These valves are provided individually for each stage or are aggregated. It is also conceivable to provide a modification such as providing one or both of the upper and lower sides (often only the circulation amount adjusting valve).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-51647 (see specification page 1-29, FIG. 1-81).

JP 2005-27983 A JP 2005-313076 A

As described above, in the above-mentioned prior application, there is a temporary description about the case where a common upper water tank is used and a plurality of porous membrane elements are multi-staged. There is no description showing any consideration regarding the head difference of the feed water for each porous membrane element due to the height difference between the elements. That is, when water for air purification (hereinafter referred to as “purified water”) is supplied from a single upper tank to a plurality of porous membrane elements having different altitudes, as shown in FIG. The pressures (heads) H ₁ , H ₂ , H ₃ , and H ₄ of purified water from the upper tank 2 with respect to 1B, 1C, and 1D are different depending on the height of each porous membrane element 1A to 1D. In the prior invention of this application, the influence of the head difference of the feed water for each of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D (the head of the lower porous membrane element is larger) on the air purification ability of each porous membrane element is particularly mentioned. Absent.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to this point, and an upper water tank in the case where water for air purification is supplied from a common upper water tank to a plurality of stages of porous membrane elements provided with a difference in altitude. The purpose of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in the air purification capacity of each porous membrane element due to the head difference of the purified water between each of the porous membrane elements.

  Next, in describing the configuration of the porous membrane type air purification device of the present invention, first, the porous membrane element used in the present invention will be described. In the present invention, a flat cylindrical shape as exemplified above with reference to FIG. A porous membrane element composed of elements is used.

  Next, the configuration of the porous membrane air purification device of the present invention will be described. The porous membrane air purification device of the present invention is arranged with an altitude difference in the vertical direction as illustrated in FIGS. A plurality of stages of porous membrane elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) made of flat cylindrical elements and air purification water for each of the porous membrane elements that are higher than the porous membrane elements. The water tank (upper water tank) 2 ”is an essential constituent element. In the present invention, as described below, the porous tank elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D are separated from the upper tank 2. The structure is roughly classified into a system (FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5) for supplying water for air purification in parallel (FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5) and a system (FIG. 4) for supplying water in series.

  In addition, here, if some explanation is added about the porous membrane type air purification apparatus of embodiment of FIG. 5, embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 is each with respect to the porous membrane element 1A-1D of each step | level. The common inlet pipe (4A to 4D) and outlet pipe (5A to 5D) are connected to allow purified water to flow through each porous membrane element 1A to 1D with one supply path, whereas the implementation shown in FIG. In the embodiment, each stage of the porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1A to 1D is composed of a parallel aggregate of a large number of porous membrane element elements, and each stage of the porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1A. For each porous membrane element constituting ˜1D, an inlet pipe (4A-4D) and an outlet pipe (5A-5D) for each stage are branched and connected, respectively. Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the outlet pipes (5 </ b> A to 5 </ b> D) of each stage are integrated into the collecting outlet pipe 5 </ b> E and connected to the lower water tank 3.

  Next, the porous membrane type air purification apparatus of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 will be described first. In the case of the purified water parallel supply system illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. Each porous membrane element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D is connected by a separate purified water inlet pipe (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D), and each porous membrane element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D is individually connected. The purified water outlet pipe (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) is connected.

  Thus, when a water source (upper tank 2) of the same water pressure level is connected to a plurality of porous membrane elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, a porous membrane element in an upward direction The water pressure (head) for the porous membrane element (for example, 1D) located lower than (for example, 1A) is increased.

  In such a case, the common specification of purified water conduction resistance for the inlet pipe (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) for supplying purified water to each porous membrane element and each porous membrane element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) Is used, the supply pressure of purified water to the lower porous membrane element (for example, 1D) is larger than the supply pressure of purified water to the porous membrane element (for example, 1A) in the upper direction (reversely In addition, the purified water supply pressure for the porous membrane element (for example, 1A) in the upper direction is smaller than the purified water supply pressure for the porous membrane element (for example, 1D) in the lower position). As a result, in the porous membrane element (for example, 1A) in the upper direction, the flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,... Become concave as shown in FIG. The flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a,... Tend to be convex as shown in FIG. 12, and the optimum air purification capability cannot be obtained for some porous membrane elements.

Therefore, in the present invention, with respect to the purified water supply passages for the plurality of porous membrane elements (1A to 1D) arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, the porous membrane elements (for example, 1A, 1B) in a relatively upward direction are used. In addition, throttle means such as throttle valves (for example, V ₂₁ , V ₂₂ ) are provided on the purified water outlet pipe (for example, 5A, 5B) side so that the supply pressure of purified water to each porous membrane element (1A to 1D) is as much as possible. It is intended to equalize.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which throttle valves (V ₂₁ , V ₂₂ ) are provided as throttle means for the outlet pipes (eg, 5A, 5B) of the porous membrane elements (eg, 1A, 1B) in the upper direction. FIG. 3 shows an example in which throttle valves (V ₂₃ , V ₂₄ ) are provided as throttle means for the inlet pipe (eg, 4C, 4D) of the porous membrane element (eg, 1C, 1D) in the lower position. Throttle valves (V ₂₁ , V ₂₂ ) are provided as throttle means on the outlet pipe (eg, 5A, 5B) of the porous membrane element (eg, 1A, 1B) in the orientation, and the porous membrane element (eg, 1C, 1D) at the lower position is provided. In this example, throttle valves (V ₂₃ , V ₂₄ ) are provided as throttle means for the inlet pipes (for example, 4C, 4D).

Further, a porous membrane type air purification device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, for the porous membrane element (aggregate) 1A in the top direction, the throttle valve V ₂₁ as a means aperture to the outlet tube (collection tube) 5A side For the porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1B, 1C, 1D located below, throttle valves V ₂₂ , V ₂₃ , V _{24 serving as} throttling means are respectively provided on the inlet pipes (aggregate tubes) 4B, 4C, 4D side. Is provided.

  Next, an example of a configuration in which water for air purification is supplied in series to a plurality of porous membrane elements (for example, 1A to 1D) arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction will be described with reference to FIG. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 4, the upper water tank 2 and the uppermost porous membrane element (1A) to the lowermost porous membrane element (1D) communicate with each other through a series of purified water supply paths. That is, the outlet pipe 5A of the uppermost porous membrane element 1A becomes the inlet pipe 4B of the next lower porous film element 1B, the outlet pipe 5B of the porous membrane element 1B becomes the inlet pipe 4C of the next lower porous film element 1C, The outlet pipe 5C of the porous membrane element 1C is the inlet pipe 4D of the lowermost porous membrane element 1D.

Even in the case of such series connection, the lower the porous membrane element, the larger the supply pressure of purified water (the higher the porous membrane element in the upper direction, the smaller the supply pressure of purified water), In the porous membrane type air purification apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4, a throttle valve V _{25 serving} as a throttle means is provided at an intermediate position (the pipeline 4C between the porous membrane element 1B and the porous membrane element 1C) to provide the entire porous membrane element 1A. The supply pressure of the purified water with respect to ˜1D is made as uniform as possible.

  As a result of the above, according to the present invention, in the porous membrane type air purification device (chemical removal unit), it is possible to realize a higher performance and stable operation state than in the case of the prior invention (each of the porous membrane elements). The shape of the flat cylindrical element can be a rectangular cross-sectional shape with as little unevenness as possible as shown in FIG.

  Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the examples of the porous membrane type air purification apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. As described above in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, there is an altitude difference in the vertical direction. An example is shown in which air purification water is supplied in parallel from the upper water tank 2 to the four porous membrane elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D arranged, and FIG. 4 shows the water for air purification. An example is shown in which is supplied in series.

  The purified water parallel supply system shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 and the purified water serial supply system shown in FIG. 4 both have purified water for the porous membrane elements 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D. Since only the supply system is different and the other parts have a common configuration, the following will first describe the common parts in the five apparatus examples shown in FIGS.

  1 to 5, reference numerals 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D denote a hydrophobic porous membrane 41 having a synthetic resin frame 40 and a large number of micropores 41a, 41a, as shown in FIG. 41 is a porous membrane element formed of flat cylindrical elements 1a, 1a formed by.

  A first water tank (upper water tank) 2 is provided above the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, and a second water tank (lower water tank) 3 is provided below.

The upper water tank 2 is supplied with pure water to a certain water level via a first water supply line 6 having a _first water supply valve v ₁ (solenoid valve SOL ₁ ), and a lower part. Pure water is supplied to the water tank 3 to a certain water level via a second water supply line 7 having a second water supply valve v ₂ (solenoid valve SOL ₂ ).

  The lower and upper water tanks 3 and 2 are provided with water level sensors A and B and water level sensors D and C at predetermined height positions, respectively, and these water level sensors A, B and C are provided. , D are used to detect the actual water level fluctuations in the lower and upper water tanks 3 and 2.

  On the other hand, the lower water tank 3 and the upper water tank 2 are communicated with each other via a water circulation passage 8 having a water circulation pump 9, and pure water supplied to the lower water tank 3 side is supplied to the upper water tank 2. Returning, pure water at a constant water level in the upper water tank 2 is continuously circulated through the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D and the lower water tank 3 for use.

The water circulation passage 8 has a water circulation pump 9 on the discharge side where water is circulated in the system via a drainage adjustment valve V ₃ that can be manually adjusted or electrically controlled to prevent deterioration of the circulated water. A drainage passage 12 is provided for discharging a part of the water continuously or intermittently.

  Further, the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3 are respectively provided with atmospheric communication pipes 2a and 3a having predetermined lengths extending upward, and by opening both tanks 2 and 3 to the atmosphere side, It is designed to maintain atmospheric pressure. Also, the air communication pipe 2a of the upper water tank 2 and the air communication pipe 3a of the lower water tank 3 both extend above the ceiling of the upper water tank 2, and water leaks outside the system when the operation of the apparatus is stopped. To prevent it.

  As described above, in the configuration of the air purification device of this embodiment, the water tanks 2 and 3 are arranged both above and below the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D made of the flat cylindrical element 1a (1a, 1a...). The water level surface of the upper water tank 2 is always kept constant to ensure a predetermined head height H, and the head height H, the flat cylindrical element 1a (1a, 1a...) Of the porous membrane element 1, and the front and rear pipes Water is flowed at an optimum flow rate according to the flow path resistance (passage gap / wall strength) of the system. And the water which flowed out from the flat cylindrical element 1a (1a, 1a ...) of each porous membrane element 1A-1D by this is received by the lower water tank 3, and this is returned to the upper water tank 2 with the water circulation pump 9. Thereby, water is circulated through the flat cylindrical elements 1a (1a, 1a...) Of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D.

  The method of keeping the required head height H of the upper water tank 2 constant is not control, but the amount of water returned into the lower water tank 3 by the water circulation pump 9 is the flat cylindrical element 1a of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D. The amount of water flowing out from (1a, 1a...) Is increased, and the configuration is simplified as a simple method of bypassing the remainder from the overflow pipe 10 (inflow port portion 10a) of the upper first water tank 2. Yes.

  The water and sewage tanks 2 and 3 are provided with air communication pipes 2a and 3a, respectively, so that the tanks 2 and 3 are kept at atmospheric pressure. Thus, when each of the upper and lower two water tanks 2 and 3 is opened to the atmosphere side through the atmosphere communication pipes 2a and 3a opened to the atmosphere side, the head and the lower water tank of the upper water tank 2 are provided. Both the pump suction pressure of the tank 3 can be used as the atmospheric standard.

  In this case, the air communication pipe 3a of the lower water tank 3 extends to the upper part of the upper water tank 2 in the same manner as the air communication pipe 2a of the upper water tank 2, and water leaks outside the system when the operation of the apparatus is stopped. I try to prevent it.

  In the above configuration, the upper water tank 2 and the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, the lower water tank 3, the water circulation pump 9, and the water circulation passage 8 are opened to the atmosphere side at the upper water tank 2 and lower water tank 3 portions, respectively. Neither the suction pressure nor the discharge pressure of the pump 9 acts in the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D composed of the flat cylindrical elements 1a (1a, 1a...).

  In such a water circulation system, the water pressure in the flat cylindrical elements 1a (1a, 1a...) Of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D composed of the flat cylindrical elements 1a (1a, 1a. It is determined by the head height H of the tank 2 and the front and rear (upper and lower) water amount adjustment valves to be described in detail. Therefore, according to the same configuration, the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the water circulation pump 9 are directly applied to the porous membrane portions of the flat cylindrical elements 1a (1a, 1a...) Of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D as described above. Can be prevented, and a high-performance and stable operation state can be realized.

(Control method)
Next, FIG. 19 is a control circuit diagram (relay circuit diagram) showing the configuration of the liquid level control device of the porous membrane type air purification device of FIGS.

  In the above apparatus, the total amount of water in the pure water circulation system is reduced by a predetermined amount due to a small amount of drainage from the water discharge passage 12 for preventing water quality deterioration and a humidification phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to detect this as a change in the water level of the lower water tank 3 by the upper and lower water level sensors A and B, and to supply water into the lower water tank 3 according to the decrease in the amount of water to continue stable operation. .

  In addition, it is necessary to shorten the start-up time by supplying water to the upper water tank 2 in parallel at the time of start-up from when the upper water tank 2 is empty.

  The control circuit of FIG. 19 is configured from such a viewpoint, and operates as described below.

  In FIG. 15, A ', B', C ', and D' are the output contacts (A ', C', and D 'are normally closed contacts) of the water level sensors A, B, C, and D in FIGS. Configuration, B ′ is a normally open contact configuration).

(1) Control action at start-up (operation to start operation when the upper and lower water tanks 2, 3 are both empty)
First, when both the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3 are empty, the output contact C ′ of the lower water level sensor C of the upper water tank 2 is closed. Therefore, power of the apparatus in the same state is turned ON, for example, DC24 (V) is applied, the relay R ₁ is operated in the first water supply valve v ₁ control, it closes its relay contact R _11, first The water supply valve v ₁ is opened and water supply into the upper water tank 2 is started. After the water supply starts, when the lower water level sensor C is activated and the pure water stays at the water detection position where the output contact C ′ is opened, this time, by opening the output contact C ′ of the water level sensor C, relay R ₁ of the first water supply valve v ₁ control which has by opening operation of the water supply valve v ₁ of the first is turned OFF, the water supply to the upper water tank 2 is stopped.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of shortening the start-up time, water is supplied into the lower water tank 3 simultaneously with the water supply into the upper water tank 2.

That is, when the lower water tank 3 is empty, the output contacts A 'and B' of the upper and lower water level sensors A and B are closed, A 'is closed, and B' is opened. When, for example, DC 24 (V) is applied to the control circuit, the relay R ₃ for controlling the second water supply valve v ₂ is activated to close the self-holding contact R ₃₁ and the relay contact R ₃₂ . As a result, the second water supply valve v ₂ is opened and the supply of pure water into the lower water tank 3 is started.

Supply of pure water to the lower water tank 3, the self-holding contacts R ₃₁ of the relay R ₃ of the second water supply valve v ₂ control the output contact A 'of the low-potential level sensor A as described above in parallel Therefore, the water supply is continued as it is, the water in the lower water tank 3 reaches the detection position of the upper water level sensor B, the output contact B 'is closed, and the relay R ₂ is thereby activated. to, first relay contact R ₃₂ when opening the first relay contact (normally closed contact) R ₂₁ that is OFF, the second water supply valve v water ₂ is closed is stopped.

On the other hand, the second relay contact (normally open contact) R ₂₂ is turned ON by the operation of the relay R ₂ , and the pump control relay R ₄ is operated. As a result, since the self-holding contacts R ₄₁ and relay contacts ₄₂ of the relay R ₄ for controlling the pump is turned ON, the water circulation pump 9 is driven, circulation of the water as described above is started.

(2) Control operation during normal operation First, in the case of the upper water tank 2, the water level sensor C is installed at a constantly operating position, so its output contact C ′ remains OFF, and water supply is not performed.

  However, if the amount of water further increases and the water level sensor D is turned OFF, the water circulation pump 9 is stopped because the water in the upper water tank 2 overflows as it is.

  On the other hand, in the case of the lower water tank 3, water supply is started when the output contact A ′ of the water level sensor A is turned off, while water supply is stopped when the output contact B ′ of the water level sensor B is turned on, and the water circulation pump 9 is left as it is. To drive.

(3) Control at the time of restart (when operation is temporarily stopped during normal operation and then restarted)
When the operation is stopped from the normal operation state of FIGS. 1 to 5, the lower water tank 3 becomes full.

  Therefore, when the operation is resumed from this state, the lower water tank 3 is full of water, so that the output contact A ′ of the lower water level sensor A is opened and the output contact B ′ of the higher water level sensor B is opened. Is closed.

  For this reason, in this state, when the power of the apparatus is turned on and, for example, AC100 (V) is applied to the pump control circuit and DC24 (V) is applied to the valve control circuit, respectively, the water circulation pump 9 is the same as in the normal operation. Is driven and water is circulated.

Upper water tank 2, when the output contact C of the low-side water level sensor C 'is lowered water level until closed, the first water supply valve v ₁ relay contact relay R ₁ is actuated for control R ₁₁ is closed, water is supplied to a water level of the output contact C of the first water supply valve v ₁ is opened the water level sensor C 'is opened.

  As a result, even if the amount of water supply in the water circulation system is reduced due to a minute amount of drainage or humidification phenomenon for preventing water quality deterioration, the two water level sensors A and B on the lower water tank 3 side are used for this. It can be detected as a change in the liquid level, and the operation can be continued by replenishing the lower water tank 3 with water supply.

  Further, when the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3 are started from an empty state, the substantial start-up time can be shortened by supplying water to the upper water tank 2 in parallel as described above.

(About water recycling means)
In the configuration of FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, as a countermeasure against deterioration of the circulating water, a system is adopted in which a drainage amount adjustment valve V ₃ is provided on the discharge side of the water circulation pump 9 to discharge the water in the system continuously or intermittently. As other water regeneration means, for example, combinations with means such as ion exchange resin, RO membrane use, UV irradiation, etc. are also conceivable. Of course, the drainage location and the location where the regenerator is attached are not limited to those shown in FIGS.

  Subsequently, five embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be individually described.

(Embodiment shown in FIG. 1)
The porous membrane type air purification device of this embodiment supplies water for air purification in parallel from the upper water tank 2 to four porous membrane elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction. The uppermost porous membrane element 1A to be supplied is connected to the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3 by the inlet pipe 4A and the outlet pipe 5A, and the lower porous membrane element 1B is connected to the inlet pipe 4B and the outlet pipe 5B. Thus, the porous membrane element 1C is connected to the upper and lower water tanks 2, 3 by the inlet tube 4C and the outlet tube 5C, and the porous membrane element 1D is connected by the inlet tube 4D and the outlet tube 5D, respectively.

In this case, among the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, as described above, the lower the porous membrane element, the larger the head is applied. However, in the embodiment of FIG. In order to equalize the supply pressure of the purified water applied to 1D, the outlet pipe 5A of the first-stage porous membrane element 1A in the uppermost direction and the outlet pipe 5B of the second-stage porous membrane element 1B in the next lower order are used as throttle means, respectively. and a throttle valve V ₂₁ or V ₂₂ provided.

In this case, the water supply pressure is equalized between the supply pressure of the purified water to the lower porous membrane elements 1C and 1D without the throttle means and the upper direction porous membrane elements 1A and 1B with the throttle means. is attained (that way throttle valve V _21, adjusts the aperture of the V _22), in all the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D, flat tubular element 1a, with no irregularities 1a · · · (or Yes As small as possible) (see FIG. 13) can be realized, and the air purification action can be realized with high efficiency.

(Embodiment shown in FIG. 2)
The porous membrane type air purification apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that the throttle valves V ₂₁ , V _{21 serving as} throttle means are provided in the outlet pipes 5A, 5B of the porous membrane elements 1A, 1B in the upper direction. ₂₂ whereas the is provided, applied to the lower position of the porous membrane element 1C, 1D of the inlet pipe 4C, provided a throttle valve V _23, V ₂₄ as a throttle means to 4D each membrane element 1A~1D purification The water supply pressure is equalized as much as possible (thus adjusting the degree of throttling of the throttle valves V ₂₃ and V ₂₄ ), and the air by the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D is the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG. A high efficiency of the purification action is realized.

(Embodiment shown in FIG. 3)
The porous membrane type air purification apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a combination of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the embodiment of FIG. 2, and restricts the outlet pipes 5A and 5B of the porous membrane elements 1A and 1B in the upper direction. The throttle valves V ₂₁ and V ₂₂ are provided, and the throttle pipes V ₂₃ and V _{24 serving} as throttle means are provided in the inlet pipes 4C and 4D of the lower porous membrane elements 1C and 1D. By appropriately setting the throttling degree of the valves V _{21 to} V ₂₄ , the supply pressure of the purified water to each of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D is equalized as much as possible, whereby the embodiment shown in FIGS. As in the case, the high efficiency of the air purification action by the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D is to be realized.

In addition, although the porous membrane type | formula air purification apparatus of embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 is a thing of a vertical ventilation type, in the case of the same embodiment, purification | cleaning of the same purity with respect to the porous membrane element 1A-1D of each stage Since water is supplied in parallel, the air blowing direction for these porous membrane elements 1A to 1D may be either upward (W ₁ ) or downward (W ₂ ).

(Embodiment shown in FIG. 4)
The porous membrane type air purification device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 supplies purified water from the upper water tank 2 in series to each porous membrane element 1A to 1D. Piping between the third-stage porous membrane element 1C (water outlet pipe 5B for the second-stage porous membrane element 1B and water inlet pipe for the third-stage porous membrane element 1C it is provided with a throttle valve V ₂₅ as a throttle means in a 4C). That is, in the case of this embodiment, the throttle valve V ₂₅ acts as a throttle means for restricting the outlet side of the water supply path with respect to the upper-oriented porous membrane elements 1A and 1B, and the lower porous membrane element 1C. , 1D acts as a throttle means for narrowing the inlet side of the water supply path. Thereby, the porous membrane elements 1A and 1B in the upper direction where the water supply pressure from the upper water tank 2 is small, and the lower porous membrane elements 1C and 1C in the lower direction where the water supply pressure in the upper water tank 2 is high. The water supply pressure is equalized with 1D, and high efficiency of the air purification action is realized in each of the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D.

The porous membrane type air purification device of this embodiment of FIG. 4 is also of the vertical ventilation type, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, but with respect to the porous membrane elements 1A to 1D at each stage. Since the purified water is supplied in series, the lower the porous membrane element, the higher the degree of contamination of the purified water. Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the purified water supply direction and the air blowing direction are opposite flows (the air blowing direction is upward W ₁ ) so that the purified water having the lowest degree of contamination contacts the air on the outlet side. It is good to do.

(Embodiment shown in FIG. 5)
The porous membrane type air purification apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can be considered as a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 3, and serves as a throttle means for the outlet pipe 5A of the upper-oriented porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1A and 1B. A throttle valve V ₂₁ is provided, and throttle valves V ₂₂ , V ₂₃ , V _{24 serving} as throttle means are provided in the inlet pipes 4B, 4C, 4D of the lower porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1B, 1C, 1D. By appropriately setting the throttling degree of the throttle valves V _{21 to} V ₂₄ , the supply pressure of the purified water to each porous membrane element (aggregate) 1A to 1D is equalized as much as possible. Thus, as in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 3, it is intended to achieve high efficiency of the air purification action by the porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1 </ b> A to 1 </ b> D.

6 shows a large number of porous membrane element units U (U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ ...) Composed of porous membrane elements (aggregates) 1A to 1D in the porous membrane type air purification apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. ..) Shows a state of being arranged in parallel in the air flow direction (members other than the porous membrane element unit U such as the water and sewage tanks 2 and 3 shown in FIG. 5 are omitted). In FIG. 6, reference numerals 31 and 32 denote blower fans, and 33 denotes an entire casing.

7 to 9 show a pure water supply system for the aggregate Z of the porous membrane element units U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ ... Shown in FIG. Briefly describing this, the pure water supply system shown in FIG. 7 is provided with a common upper water tank 2 and lower water tank 3 for each of the porous membrane element units U _{1 to} U ₅ . The element units U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ ... Are individually connected to the upper and lower water tanks 2 and 3, respectively. The water and sewage tanks 2 and 3 are open to atmospheric pressure, and the pure water in the lower water tank 3 is supplied to the upper water tank 2 by the water circulation pump 9 through the water circulation path 8. Reference numeral 12 denotes a drain pipe for extracting a part of the circulating water, which is opened and closed by a valve V ₃ .

The pure water supply system shown in FIG. 8 connects each porous membrane element unit U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ ... Independently to the upper water tank 2 and the lower water tank 3 (both open to atmospheric pressure). It is a thing.

  The pure water supply system shown in FIG. 9 is designed to reduce water consumption by returning water from the downstream side to the upstream side in the ventilation direction and draining the water from the first stage to the fifth stage where the water quality is the worst. is there.

  Here, regeneration of water deteriorated by sucking gas is performed by partial drainage, but an ion exchange resin or the like may be used in the path.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, the ventilation air and the water circulation system are completely separated from each other, so that there is an advantage that there is no water droplet scattering.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a structure conceptual diagram of the porous membrane type air purification apparatus concerning 1st Example of this invention. It is a composition conceptual diagram of the porous membrane type air purification device concerning the 2nd example of the invention in this application. It is a composition conceptual diagram of the porous membrane type air purification device concerning the 3rd example of the present invention. It is a composition conceptual diagram of the porous membrane type air purification device concerning the 4th example of the invention in this application. It is a composition conceptual diagram of the porous membrane type air purification device concerning the 5th example of the invention in this application. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of a configuration of a porous membrane element unit portion in the porous membrane air purification device shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a pure water supply system in the porous membrane type air purification apparatus shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is another conceptual diagram of the configuration of the pure water supply system in the porous membrane type air purification apparatus shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is still another conceptual diagram of the configuration of the pure water supply system in the porous membrane air purification apparatus shown in FIG. 5. It is explanatory drawing which shows the air purification mechanism of the flat cylindrical element part of the air purification apparatus using the flat membrane type porous membrane element which consists of a conventional flat cylindrical element. It is explanatory drawing which shows the problem of the flat cylindrical element part of the porous membrane element in the structure of a prior art example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the problem of the flat cylindrical element part of the porous membrane element in the structure of a prior art example. It is explanatory drawing of the appropriate swelling state in the flat cylindrical element which comprises a porous membrane element. It is a composition conceptual diagram of a porous membrane type air purification device concerning an example of a prior invention. It is a connection form figure at the time of comprising each of the several flat cylindrical element in the porous membrane element of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 in series, and comprising a water circulation system. It is a connection form figure at the time of comprising each of several flat cylindrical elements in the porous membrane element of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 in parallel mutually, and comprising the water circulation system. The first to third stages from the top of the plurality of flat cylindrical elements in the porous membrane element of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 are connected in series to each other, while the fourth stage is connected in parallel to them to perform water circulation. It is a connection form figure at the time of comprising a system. It is a state figure of the water head with respect to each porous membrane element of multistage arrangement. FIG. 6 is an operation control system diagram of a pure water supply system in the porous membrane type air purification apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.

Explanation of symbols

1A to 1D are porous membrane elements, 2 is an upper water tank, 3 is a lower water tank, 4A to 4D are inlet pipes, 5A to 5D are outlet pipes, 6 is a first water supply line, 7 is a second water supply line, 8 is a water circulation passage, 9 is a water circulation pump, 10 is an overflow pipe, 40 is a synthetic resin frame, 41 is a hydrophobic porous membrane, 41 a is a micropore, V _{21 to} V ₂₄ are throttle valves, U, U ₁ to U ₄ is a porous membrane element unit.

Claims (4)

  A plurality of porous membrane elements (1A to 1D) made of flat cylindrical elements arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, and air purification for each porous membrane element at a higher position than each of the porous membrane elements A water tank (2) for storing water for use, a plurality of inlet pipes (4A to 4D) for supplying water for air purification from the water tank to the porous membrane elements in parallel, and the porous membrane elements to A porous membrane type air purifying apparatus having a plurality of outlet pipes (5A to 5D) for discharging water, wherein an outlet pipe is provided for a porous membrane element in an upper direction among the plurality of stages of porous membrane elements. A porous membrane type air purifier characterized in that a throttle means is provided on the side.   A plurality of porous membrane elements (1A to 1D) made of flat cylindrical elements arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, and air purification for each porous membrane element at a higher position than each of the porous membrane elements A water tank (2) for storing water for use, a plurality of inlet pipes (4A to 4D) for supplying water for air purification from the water tank to the porous membrane elements in parallel, and the porous membrane elements to A porous membrane type air purification apparatus comprising a plurality of outlet pipes (5A to 5D) for discharging water, wherein an inlet pipe is provided for a porous membrane element at a lower position among the plurality of stages of porous membrane elements. A porous membrane type air purifier characterized in that a throttle means is provided on the side.   A plurality of porous membrane elements (1A to 1D) made of flat cylindrical elements arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, and air purification for each porous membrane element at a higher position than each of the porous membrane elements A water tank (2) for storing water for use, a plurality of inlet pipes (4A to 4D) for supplying water for air purification from the water tank to the porous membrane elements in parallel, and the porous membrane elements to A porous membrane type air purifying apparatus having a plurality of outlet pipes (5A to 5D) for discharging water, wherein an outlet pipe is provided for a porous membrane element in an upper direction among the plurality of stages of porous membrane elements. A porous membrane type air purifier characterized in that a throttle means is provided on the side and a throttle means is provided on the inlet pipe side for the porous membrane element in the lower position.   A plurality of porous membrane elements (1A to 1D) made of flat cylindrical elements arranged with a height difference in the vertical direction, and air to the plurality of porous membrane elements at a higher position than each of the porous membrane elements A water tank (2) for storing purification water, and a water supply for supplying the air purification water in series from the water tank to all or some of the porous membrane elements A porous membrane air purification apparatus having a channel, wherein a throttle means is provided in an intermediate portion of the series water supply channel.

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