JP2007248046A - Control method of incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automate an incineration process of an incineration object. <P>SOLUTION: This control method of an incinerator provided with a primary combustion chamber 3 for housing the incineration object 2 and a secondary combustion chamber 4 for burning a dry distillation gas generated from the incineration object 2, and used for converting the incineration object 2 into the dry distillation gas in the primary combustion chamber 3 and incinerating it in an ember state. The control method of an incinerator is characterized by adjusting an incineration processing time of the dry distillation gas formation and an incineration processing time in the ember state based on the type and weight of the incineration object 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for controlling an incinerator that incinerates an incineration object such as industrial waste. In particular, it relates to a method for controlling a relatively small incinerator.

  Incineration processing is frequently used for processing industrial waste, household waste, and other waste (hereinafter referred to as “incinerated material”). In the incineration processing of these incineration objects, the conventional incineration method burns the incineration object in the combustion chamber, and soot and smoke are emitted from the chimney. Moreover, when there is much moisture contained in the incineration object, unburned residue is generated, and this unburned residue is incinerated, so that the incineration processing time is long. Therefore, in order to eliminate the unburned residue, soot and smoke, incineration of the incinerated material may be promoted by using auxiliary fuel instead of combustion only by the incinerated material. In this case, although the incineration processing time varies depending on the type and weight of the incinerated object, a larger incineration processing time may be set. That is, a large amount is set so as to allow time for the incinerated product to burn out, and it is difficult to automate the incineration process faster. In the conventional incinerator, the operator adjusts the incineration processing time (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the conventional incineration method, during incineration, dioxins (“Dioxins” defined in Article 2 of the Act No. 105 “Special Measures against Dioxins” 1999) are referred to as “polychlorinated dibenzofurans”. , Polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxin, coplanar-polychlorinated biphenyl ". The same applies hereinafter). In recent years, it is also necessary to suppress the emission of the dioxins, and there is an urgent need to suppress the emission.

  In addition, in the so-called secondary combustion incineration method in which dioxins generated during incineration are heated to approximately 800 ° C. or more and thermally decomposed, the dioxins pyrolyzed in the flue after the secondary combustion are obtained. There was resynthesis and it was difficult to completely suppress the dioxins.

JP 2000-240932 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to automate the incineration processing of the incineration object.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 includes a primary combustion chamber that accommodates the incinerated material, and a second combustion gas that burns dry distillation gas generated from the incinerated material. A secondary combustion chamber, and a control method of an incinerator for incinerating the incinerated material in a state of dry distillation gasification and incineration in the primary combustion chamber, based on the type and weight of the incinerated material, It is characterized by adjusting the incineration time for dry distillation gasification and the incineration time for the incineration state.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the type and weight of the incinerated product to be input are different for each incineration process, the operation dry distillation process time can be obtained only by re-inputting the type and weight of the incinerated product. Therefore, the operation of the incineration process can be automated.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The present invention can be applied to a method for controlling an incinerator that incinerates an incineration object such as industrial waste. First, the configuration of the incinerator to which the first embodiment is applied will be described. The incinerator is basically an apparatus that incinerates the incinerated object by a dry distillation gasification method and a secondary combustion method. More specifically, this incinerator does not continuously incinerate the incinerated object, but incinerates by batch processing according to the following procedure. First, the incineration object is ignited and incineration is started. In this incineration, the incineration is performed while generating dry distillation gas from the incinerated object by limiting the supply amount of combustion air. Then, this dry distillation gas is subjected to secondary combustion. Further, the incinerated object in which dry distillation gas is no longer generated is incinerated in a so-called “ok” state.

  The incinerator includes a primary combustion chamber having a primary burner, a secondary combustion chamber having a secondary burner, and cooling means having cooling air introduction amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air introduced for exhaust gas cooling. In addition, it is constituted by an attracting means for attracting the exhaust gas provided on the downstream side of the cooling means and a controller for controlling the incinerator.

  The primary combustion chamber contains the incinerated material and combusts auxiliary fuel to generate dry distillation gas from the incinerated material and store the dry distillation gas. The primary combustion chamber is configured, for example, in a square shape so as to accommodate the incinerated object, and includes the primary burner that burns auxiliary fuel. This primary burner is not provided with a blowing means, and is configured to be supplied with combustion air by the attraction means. The primary combustion chamber is provided with pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the primary combustion chamber.

  The secondary combustion chamber thermally decomposes dioxins generated during incineration of the incinerated material in the primary combustion chamber and burns dry distillation gas generated in the primary combustion chamber. The secondary combustion chamber is configured, for example, in a square shape and having a predetermined volume. The secondary combustion chamber includes the secondary burner for burning auxiliary fuel, and is connected to the cooling means. The secondary burner has a configuration similar to that of the primary burner, does not include a blowing unit, and is configured to be supplied with combustion air by the attraction of the attraction unit.

  The cooling means prevents the dioxins from being recombined in the flue after being thermally decomposed in the primary combustion chamber. The cooling means is provided on the downstream side of the cooling air duct for introducing cooling air, the cooling air introduction amount adjusting means provided in the cooling air duct, and the cooling air introduction amount adjusting means. A mixing unit for mixing the cooling air and the exhaust gas is provided. The cooling air introduction amount adjusting means includes, for example, a damper and a damper motor that adjusts the opening of the damper. Further, on the downstream side of the cooling means, there is provided a gas temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas after passing through the cooling means (hereinafter referred to as “cold exhaust gas”).

  The attraction means supplies the combustion air into the combustion chambers by bringing the primary combustion chambers to a state below atmospheric pressure (hereinafter referred to as “negative pressure”), and the cooling means is also negative. As a pressure, air for cooling the exhaust gas is introduced into the cooling means. The attraction means includes an attraction drive source, such as an attraction fan, and a motor that rotates the attraction fan.

  Here, as a modified example of the attraction means, exhaust gas attraction by an ejector method is also suitable.

The controller controls the operation of the incinerator according to a predetermined program. In particular, the controller adjusts the amount of air introduced for exhaust gas cooling based on the detected temperature of the gas temperature detecting means, for example, the opening of the damper. And an induction amount adjusting unit for outputting a signal for adjusting the attraction capability of the attraction means based on the detected pressure value of the pressure detecting means, for example, an inverter. .

  The operation of the incinerator having such a configuration will be described. First, the attraction means is operated, and then the primary burner is operated to start incineration of the incinerated object. At the time of this incineration, as a dry distillation process, the supply of combustion air is limited and supplied to incinerate while generating dry distillation gas from the incinerated material, and this dry distillation gas is injected into the secondary combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber. Operate the burner to cause secondary combustion. Then, the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber is cooled by the cooling means. Further, as the placing step, the incinerated object in which dry distillation gas is no longer generated in the primary combustion chamber is placed in a fire, incinerated in a so-called “ok” state. And also in this ignition process, the said secondary burner is operated and the waste gas is cooled by the said cooling means.

  In this incineration process, the control method of the first embodiment adjusts the air introduction amount for exhaust gas cooling by operating the cooling air introduction amount adjusting means based on the exhaust gas temperature after passing through the cooling means. At the same time, the attraction capability of the attraction means is adjusted based on the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber.

  This control method will be described in detail. First, the introduction amount adjusting unit measures the temperature of the cold exhaust gas. Next, the introduction amount adjusting unit outputs a signal that the temperature of the cold exhaust gas becomes a predetermined temperature, that is, a signal that the damper has a predetermined opening degree, to the damper motor. Then, the exhaust gas is cooled by the cooling air in the mixing unit so as to become a cold exhaust gas having a predetermined target temperature, for example, 160 ° C. In this case, the target temperature 160 ° C. may have upper and lower temperature ranges. Thereafter, the introduction amount adjusting unit adjusts the opening degree of the damper so that the temperature of the cold exhaust gas continuously becomes a temperature within the temperature range.

  Here, the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber varies as the opening of the damper is adjusted. The pressure value in the primary combustion chamber may be constant for introduction of air used for combustion of auxiliary fuel by the primary burner and introduction of primary combustion air for generating dry distillation gas from the incinerated material. preferable. Therefore, the attraction capacity adjusting unit adjusts the attraction means so that the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber is a predetermined pressure value. Specifically, based on the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber, for example, the rotational speed of the induction fan is adjusted by the inverter.

  As a result, the exhaust gas is properly cooled, pressure adjustment in the primary combustion chamber is automated, and combustion of the primary burner can be performed stably. Furthermore, since the primary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber, and the cooling means communicate with each other, pressure adjustment is automated also in the secondary combustion chamber, and combustion of the secondary burner can be performed stably.

  Here, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber communicate with each other, and the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber and the pressure value in the secondary combustion chamber are approximate to each other. Instead of the pressure detection means, pressure detection means may be provided in the secondary combustion chamber, and the pressure detection means in the secondary combustion chamber may be used instead.

  Next, the control method of the second embodiment using the incinerator of the first embodiment will be described. In the control method according to the second embodiment, when the incinerated object is incinerated in the primary combustion chamber in the dry distillation step and the igniting step, combustion air in the igniting step introduced by the attraction means Is controlled to be larger than the amount of combustion air introduced in the carbonization step. More specifically, the introduction amount of the combustion air supplied from the primary combustion chamber air introduction means for uniformly introducing the combustion air into the floor surface of the primary combustion chamber is adjusted so as to increase during the igniting step. . Thereby, the incineration process time in the said igniting process can be shortened.

  Furthermore, a third embodiment that is a modification of the second embodiment will be described. In the control method of the third embodiment, since the operation of the incinerator is simply automated, the incineration processing time of the dry distillation gasification and the installation are based on the type and weight of the incinerated object. Adjust the incineration time for fire conditions. Specifically, as a basic program, a standard dry distillation process time and a standard firing process time corresponding to the type and weight of the incinerated object are set in advance and input to the controller. For example, the types of the incinerated materials are classified into papers, plastics, cocoons, grasses, etc., and the standard dry distillation process time and the standard firing process time for each standard weight are supported. And set it to the controller.

  In the incineration process, the type and weight of the incinerated material to be put into the incinerator are input to the controller. Then, the controller calculates a weight ratio between the standard weight set in advance and the actually charged weight, and the operation dry distillation process time and operation corresponding to the type and weight of the incinerated material to be charged. Determine the firing process time. Thereby, even if the type and weight of the incinerated product to be input are different for each incineration process, the controller simply re-inputs the type and weight of the incinerated product, and the controller performs the operation dry distillation process time and the operation. Since the firing process time is determined, the incineration operation can be automated.

  Here, in determining the both operating times more strictly in the third embodiment, the both operating times are calculated based on the product of the calorific value and the weight in consideration of the calorific value of the incinerated object. It is also preferable to determine.

  As described above, according to these embodiments, it is possible to shorten the incineration time of the incinerated object and to automate the incineration process without discharging harmful substances.

  Furthermore, in order to more reliably suppress the discharge of the dioxins, it is also preferable to provide a harmful substance removing means for removing the dioxins and the like on the downstream side of the attracting fan as the final treatment of the incinerator. This harmful substance removing means includes, for example, an adsorbing member having a function of adsorbing the dioxins. The cold exhaust gas discharged from the induction fan is pushed into the harmful substance removing means and brought into contact with the adsorbing member filled therein. Thereby, discharge | emission of the said dioxins can be suppressed further.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an incinerator to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, an incinerator 1 that performs incineration by a dry distillation gasification method and a secondary combustion method includes a primary combustion chamber 3 that houses an incinerated object 2, and the incinerated material 2 that is accommodated in the primary combustion chamber 3. Secondary combustion chamber 4 for burning the generated dry distillation gas, cooling means 5 for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 4, and attraction for inducing the exhaust gas provided downstream of the cooling means 5 A means 6, a harmful substance removing means 7 for removing dioxins and the like provided on the downstream side of the attracting means 6, and a controller 8 for controlling the incinerator 1 are configured.

The primary combustion chamber 3 is formed, for example, in a first main body 9 having a square shape so as to accommodate the incinerated object 2. The first main body 9 includes a first inlet 10 for charging the incinerated object 2 provided on the left side wall (the left side wall in FIG. 1) of the first main body 9 and the first inlet 10 sealed. Door (not shown), a primary burner 11 for burning auxiliary fuel disposed on the right side wall (the right side wall in FIG. 1) of the first main body 9, and the floor surface 12 of the first main body 9 ( Hereinafter, the primary combustion chamber air introducing means 13 connected to the “hearth 12”), the exhaust gas of the primary burner 11, and the dry distillation gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 3 are used for the secondary combustion. A first outlet 14 for discharging to the chamber 4 and a pressure sensor 15 for detecting a pressure value in the primary combustion chamber 3 are provided. In this embodiment, the primary combustion chamber air introduction means 13 includes a first primary combustion chamber air introduction means 16 and a second primary combustion chamber air introduction means 17.

  The first main body portion 9 is configured to have a space portion having a predetermined volume, and in this space portion, the auxiliary fuel is burned by the primary burner 11 and the dry distillation gas generated from the incinerated material 2 is discharged. Store. In other words, the primary combustion chamber 3 is configured to have a volume that accommodates the incinerated object 2 and a predetermined volume that includes the space portion.

  The first outlet 14 communicates with the secondary combustion chamber 4 via a communication portion 18 for discharging exhaust gas and dry distillation gas. The communication portion 18 is provided with secondary combustion chamber air introduction means 19 for introducing secondary combustion chamber air necessary for burning dry distillation gas in the secondary combustion chamber 4.

  The secondary combustion chamber 4 is formed in a second main body portion 20 having, for example, a square shape and a predetermined volume so as to burn dry distillation gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 3. The second main body 20 has a second inlet 21 that is a dry distillation gas inlet that communicates with the communication portion 18, a secondary burner 22 that combusts auxiliary fuel, and a second exhaust that exhausts exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber 4. Two outlets 23 are provided. In this embodiment, the secondary burner 22 includes a first secondary burner 24 and a second secondary burner 25. The second outlet 23 is connected to the cooling means 5 through a first duct 26 that guides exhaust gas.

  The cooling means 5 is a third casing 27, which is a vertical and cylindrical shape, and an exhaust gas inlet communicating with the first duct 26 at the upper left side of the casing 27 (upper left side in FIG. 1). An inlet 28, a cooling air duct 29 for introducing cooling air disposed above the casing 27 (upper side in FIG. 1), and an introduction amount of the cooling air provided in the cooling air duct 29 are as follows. A damper 30 that is a cooling air introduction amount adjusting means to be adjusted, a damper motor 31 that drives the damper 30, a mixing unit 32 that mixes cooling air and exhaust gas provided downstream of the damper 30, and this mixing And a third outlet 33 for discharging exhaust gas mixed with cooling air (hereinafter referred to as “cold exhaust gas”). The third outlet 33 is provided at the bottom of the casing 27 (lower side in FIG. 1), and is connected to the attracting means 6 via a second duct 34 that discharges the cold exhaust gas. The second duct 34 is provided with a temperature sensor 35 that detects the temperature of the cold exhaust gas.

  The attracting means 6 includes a fourth inlet 36 that is a suction port for the cold exhaust gas that communicates with the second duct 34, an attracting drive source such as an attracting fan 37, a motor 38 that rotates the attracting fan 37, and And a fourth outlet 39 for discharging the cold exhaust gas.

  The harmful substance removing means 7 includes an adsorbing member (not shown) having a function of adsorbing the dioxins. That is, the discharge of the dioxins is more reliably suppressed. Specifically, the harmful substance removing means 7 is connected to the fourth outlet 39 on the downstream side of the attracting fan 37 as a final process of the incinerator 1. The harmful substance removing means 7 makes the cold exhaust gas discharged from the attracting fan 37 contact the adsorbing member. Then, the treated cold exhaust gas is discharged from the fifth outlet 40 into the atmosphere.

The controller 8 controls the operation of the incinerator 1 according to a predetermined program. In particular, the controller 8 adjusts the amount of air introduced for exhaust gas cooling based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 35, for example, the damper 30. An introduction amount adjustment unit 41 that outputs a signal for adjusting the opening degree, and an inverter 42 that is an attraction capability adjustment unit that outputs a signal for adjusting the attraction capability of the attraction fan 37 based on the detected pressure value of the pressure sensor 15. And. The introduction amount adjusting unit 41 is connected to the temperature sensor 35 via a first line 43 and is connected to the damper motor 31 via a second line 44. The inverter 42 is connected to the pressure sensor 15 via a third line 45 and is connected to the motor 38 via a fourth line 46. Further, the controller 8 is connected to the primary burner 11, the primary combustion chamber air introducing means 13, the secondary combustion chamber air introducing means 19, the secondary burner 22, and the harmful substance removing means 7, respectively. (Not shown).

  Here, it is also preferable that a plurality of the primary burner 11, the secondary combustion chamber air introduction means 19, the damper 30, and the induction fan 37 are appropriately provided according to the scale of the incinerator 1.

  The operation of the incinerator 1 having such a configuration will be described. First, when the operation of the incinerator 1 is started, the incinerated object 2 is accommodated in the primary combustion chamber 3. Next, the controller 8 operates the attracting fan 37 according to a predetermined program. Thereafter, during the operation of the incinerator 1, the induction fan 37 is basically operated continuously.

  By operating the induction fan 37, both the combustion chambers 3 and 4 are brought into a state below atmospheric pressure (hereinafter referred to as “negative pressure”), and the inside of the cooling means 5 is also made negative pressure. That is, based on the operation of the induction fan 37 corresponding to the damper 30 having a predetermined opening, the combustion chambers 3 and 4 are made to have a negative pressure, whereby the combustion of the burners 11 and 22 is performed. Air is supplied to each of the burners 11 and 22 through the air inlets (in FIG. 1, provided at the positions of white arrows indicating the state in which the air is supplied. Reference numerals are omitted). The At the same time, the cooling air of the cooling means 5 is supplied by setting the inside of the cooling means 5 to a negative pressure based on the operation of the induction fan 37 and the damper 30. Further, the cold exhaust gas is introduced into the harmful substance removing means 7 by the attracting fan 37.

  Next, a basic incineration operation of the incinerator 1 will be described. This basic incineration operation is a batch process, and this batch process includes a preparation process, a preheating process, a dry distillation process, an igniting process, and a purge process. The attracting fan 37 and the cooling means 5 operate basically continuously in all the steps.

  In the preparation step, the induction fan 37 is operated, and the operation of the cooling means 5 is started while both the combustion chambers 3 and 4 are brought into a predetermined negative pressure state by the operation of the induction fan 37. It is. Then, when the time during which the combustion chambers 3 and 4 and the cooling means 5 are in a negative pressure state of minus 0.3 kPa has elapsed, the preheating step is started.

  The preheating step is a step of setting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 to approximately 820 ° C. or more by operating the secondary burner 22, that is, burning auxiliary fuel. That is, before introducing the dioxins and dry distillation gas into the secondary combustion chamber 4, the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 is preheated to be higher than the temperature at which the dioxins can be decomposed.

Next, when the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 reaches 820 ° C. or more, the preheating step is terminated and the process proceeds to the dry distillation step. In this dry distillation process, in the primary combustion chamber 3, auxiliary fuel is burned by the primary burner 11 to ignite the incinerator 2, and when the ignition starts, the operation of the primary burner 11 is stopped. Next, by limiting the supply amount of combustion air into the primary combustion chamber 3, the incinerated object 2 is brought into a steamed state, and combustion components, that is, dry distillation gas is generated from the incinerated object 2. Let Thereafter, the primary burner 11 resumes operation when it is necessary to promote the generation of dry distillation gas. In the dry distillation step, while the dry distillation gas is generated in the primary combustion chamber 3, the generated dry distillation gas is burned in the secondary combustion chamber 4, and then the exhaust gas is cooled by the cooling means 5. Further, it is a step of removing the dioxins by the harmful substance removing means 7.

  In this dry distillation step, the primary burner 11 is stopped after being activated at the time of ignition. However, when the generation of dry distillation gas is reduced and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 becomes 800 ° C. or less, the primary burner 11 is stopped. 11 prompts the generation of dry distillation gas by appropriately restarting the operation and heating the incinerated object 2. And when the temperature in the said secondary combustion chamber 4 becomes 820 degreeC, it will stop. The secondary burner 22 starts to operate when the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 becomes 820 ° C. or lower. Then, when combustion of the dry distillation gas itself introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 4 is added and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 exceeds, for example, 980 ° C., combustion continues only with the dry distillation gas. The secondary burner 22 stops because it is not necessary to burn the auxiliary fuel.

  Here, the effect | action of this dry distillation process is demonstrated in detail. In the dry distillation process, the incinerated object 2 is incinerated by a dry distillation gasification method with less generation of dioxins, and the dioxins generated in the primary combustion chamber 3 are in the secondary combustion chamber 4. Thermally decomposes. At the same time, the dioxins generated in the combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 4 are thermally decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 4 by setting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 to approximately 820 ° C. or higher. Then, exhaust gas of 820 ° C. or higher burned and decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 4 is introduced into the cooling means 5 and is rapidly cooled by mixing with cooling air in the mixing section 32. Cool to 200 ° C or lower. This prevents resynthesis of the dioxins that are likely to occur in a temperature range around 320 ° C. Then, the exhaust gas is discharged from the fifth outlet 40 into the atmosphere as the exhaust gas that has been more reliably processed through the harmful substance removing means 7 from the attracting fan 37.

  Here, it is also preferable that the dry distillation step is performed in a plurality of stages according to the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4. For example, in the initial stage, when there is little generation of dry distillation gas and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 is low, both the secondary burners 22, that is, both the secondary burners 24 and 25 are combusted. Let Further, in the latter stage, when a large amount of dry distillation gas is generated and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 is high, only one secondary burner 22, for example, only the first secondary burner 24 is burned. Thereby, incineration is performed in a short time and energy is saved.

  Next, after the evaporating process over a predetermined time has elapsed, the process proceeds to the firing process. This igniting step is a step of burning the remaining incinerated material 2 in which dry distillation gas is generated, that is, the incinerated material 2 in a carbonized state, in an ignited state, a so-called “off” state. In this igniting step, the primary burner 11 resumes the combustion with the auxiliary fuel when it is necessary to prompt the incineration of the incinerated object 2 in the “other” state in the primary combustion chamber 3. The secondary burner 22 burns auxiliary fuel so as to maintain the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 4 from 820 ° C. to 980 ° C.

  Also in this igniting process, the exhaust gas at 820 ° C. or more from the secondary combustion chamber 4 is introduced into the cooling means 5 as in the dry distillation process. That is, it is mixed with cooling air, rapidly cooled, and cooled to, for example, 200 ° C. or less. Thereby, also in this igniting process, the re-synthesis | combination of the said dioxins is prevented like the time of the said carbonization process. Then, the exhaust fan 37 discharges the exhaust gas from the fifth outlet 40 into the atmosphere through the harmful substance removing means 7 as a more reliably treated exhaust gas.

Next, when the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 3 becomes a predetermined temperature, for example, 320 ° C. or less after the igniting step, exhaust gas is not generated from the primary combustion chamber 3 and there is no need for secondary combustion. Then, the secondary burner 22 is stopped and the process proceeds to the purge step. This purge process is a process of cooling both the combustion chambers 3 and 4 and the cooling means 5. In this purge step, both the burners 11 and 22 are stopped, and only the induction fan 37 is operated to introduce air, thereby cooling both the combustion chambers 3 and 4 and the cooling means 5. When the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 3 becomes approximately 280 ° C. or less or the purge process over a predetermined time is completed, the unburned matter remaining in the primary combustion chamber 3 is taken out and the incineration process is completed. .

  In this incineration process, first, the control method of the first embodiment will be described. In the control method of the first embodiment, the damper 30 is operated based on the exhaust gas temperature after passing through the cooling means 5 to adjust the amount of air introduced for exhaust gas cooling, and the pressure in the primary combustion chamber 3 is adjusted. Based on the value, the attracting ability of the attracting fan 37 is adjusted.

  This control method will be described in detail. First, the introduction amount adjusting unit 41 measures the temperature of the cold exhaust gas by the temperature sensor 37. Next, the introduction amount adjusting unit 41 outputs a signal that the temperature of the cold exhaust gas becomes a predetermined temperature, that is, a signal that the damper 30 has a predetermined opening degree, to the damper motor 31. Then, the damper motor 31 changes the opening degree of the damper 30, so that the exhaust gas is cooled by the cooling air in a predetermined temperature range, for example, a cold exhaust gas within a temperature range of 160 ° C. plus or minus 20 ° C. It is cooled to become. Thereafter, the introduction amount adjusting unit 41 adjusts the opening degree of the damper 30 so that the temperature of the cold exhaust gas continues to be approximately 160 ° C.

  Here, the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber 3 varies as the opening degree of the damper 30 is adjusted. The pressure value in the primary combustion chamber 3 is constant for introduction of air used for combustion of auxiliary fuel by the primary burner 11 and introduction of primary combustion air for generating dry distillation gas from the incinerator 2. It is preferable that Therefore, the inverter 42 changes the rotational speed of the motor 38 based on the detected value of the pressure sensor 15 so that the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber 3 becomes a predetermined pressure value. And the pressure value in the primary combustion chamber 3 is maintained substantially constant.

  As a result, the exhaust gas is properly cooled, the pressure adjustment in the primary combustion chamber 3 is automated, the combustion of the primary burner 11 can be performed stably, and the dry distillation gasification is also performed stably. be able to. Further, since the primary combustion chamber 3, the secondary combustion chamber 4, and the cooling means 5 are connected, the pressure adjustment is also automated in the secondary combustion chamber 4, and the combustion of the secondary burner 22 is stabilized. Can be done.

  Next, the control method of the second embodiment will be described. In the control method of the second embodiment, when the incinerated object 2 is incinerated in the primary combustion chamber 3 in the dry distillation step and the igniting step, combustion in the igniting step introduced by the induction fan 37 Control is performed so that the introduction amount of the combustion air is made larger than the introduction amount of the combustion air in the dry distillation step. More specifically, the introduction amount of the combustion air supplied from the primary combustion chamber air introduction means 13 arranged so as to uniformly introduce the combustion air into the floor surface 12 is large in the igniting step. To adjust. Thereby, the incineration process time in the said igniting process can be shortened.

Furthermore, a third embodiment, which is a modification of the second embodiment, will be described. In the control method of the third embodiment, two patterns will be described. First, as the first pattern, in order to easily automate the operation of the incinerator 1, based on the type and weight of the incinerated object 2, the incineration processing time of the dry distillation gasification and the state of the fire are set. Adjust the incineration time. More specifically, the dry distillation process time and the firing process time are set in advance as a basic program and input to the controller 8 in advance. For example, as the type of the incinerated material 2, it is classified into papers, plastics, cocoons, grasses, etc., and the standard dry distillation process time and the standard firing process time are set according to the respective standard weights, Input to the controller 8. As a specific example, for the paper, when the weight is 100 kilograms, the standard dry distillation process time is set to 90 minutes, and the standard firing process time is set to 60 minutes.

  In the incineration process, the type of the incinerated object 2 and the weight of the incinerated object 2 to be put into the primary combustion chamber 3 are input to the controller 8. The controller 8 compares the preset weight with the actually charged weight, and determines the operation dry distillation process time and the operation ignition process time corresponding to the type of the incinerated object 2. For example, when the weight of the paper incinerated is 80 kilograms, the controller 8 calculates a weight ratio with respect to the standard weight, and in this case 80%, so the operation dry distillation process time 72 minutes, and the operation firing time is determined to be 48 minutes. As a result, even if the type and weight of the incinerated object 2 to be input are different for each incineration process, the controller 8 can re-enter the operation dry distillation process time only by re-inputting the type and weight of the incinerated object 2. Since the operation firing process time is determined, the operation of the incineration process can be automated.

  Next, the second pattern will be described. This second pattern is for controlling more strictly than the first pattern. That is, the amount of heat generated from the incineration object is also controlled. In order to perform the operation of the incinerator 1 simply and automatically, the incineration time for the dry distillation gasification and the incineration time for the incineration state based on the type, calorific value and weight of the incinerated object 2 Adjust. More specifically, the dry distillation process time and the firing process time are set in advance as a basic program and input to the controller 8 in advance. For example, the incinerated material 2 is classified into paper, plastics, moss, grass, etc., and the standard dry distillation process time and standard firing process time are determined according to the standard calorific value and weight. It is set and input to the controller 8. As a specific example, when the paper is a calorific value of 18900 kilojoules / kilogram and a weight of 100 kg, the standard dry distillation process time is 90 minutes, and the standard firing process time is 60 minutes. Set it.

  In the incineration process, the type of the incinerated object 2 and the calorific value and weight of the incinerated object 2 put into the primary combustion chamber 3 are input to the controller 8. The controller 8 compares the calorific value and weight of the standard incinerated object 2 set in advance with the calorific value and weight of the actually incinerated object 2 that has been put in, and The operation dry distillation process time and the operation firing process time corresponding to the type are determined. For example, when the paper is incinerated, when the paper is in a wet state, the calorific value is 17010 kilojoules / kg, and the input weight is 80 kilograms, the controller 8 can obtain the standard calorific value and weight. In this case, since the calorific value is 90% and the weight is 80%, the operation dry distillation process time is set to about 65 minutes, and the operation ignition process time is determined to be about 43 minutes. As a result, even if the type, calorific value, and weight of the incinerated object 2 to be input are different for each incineration process, the controller 8 only needs to re-input the type, calorific value, and weight of the incinerated object 2. However, since the operation dry distillation process time and the operation ignition process time are respectively determined, the operation of the incineration process can be automated.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the incinerator to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

1 Incinerator 2 Incinerated object 3 Primary combustion chamber 4 Secondary combustion chamber

Claims (1)

A primary combustion chamber for storing the incinerated material; and a secondary combustion chamber for burning dry distillation gas generated from the incinerated material, wherein the incinerated material is in a state of dry distillation gasification and ignition in the primary combustion chamber. A method for controlling an incinerator for incineration
A method for controlling an incinerator comprising adjusting an incineration processing time for the dry distillation gasification and an incineration processing time in the fired state based on the type and weight of the incinerated object.

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