JP2007215746A - Hemocatharsis apparatus and its leak check method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood dialysis apparatus and its leak check method capable of avoiding a filtration means from applying an excessive load to a filtration membrane and executing a leak determination in a short period of times when checking a leak of the filtration means. <P>SOLUTION: This hemocatharsis apparatus comprises: a dialysing fluid introduction line L1 introducing dialysing fluid to a dialyzer 6; a dialysing fluid discharge line L2 discharging the dialysing fluid from the dialyzer 6; a fine particle filtration filter 1 having a primary chamber 1b where filtration object dialysing fluid flows via a filtration membrane 1a and a secondary chamber 1c where filtration dialysing fluid flows and purifying the dialysing fluid flowing the dialysing fluid introduction line L1 by filtration; and an air supply means capable of supplying air to the fine particle filtration filter 1 in the leakage check. This apparatus further comprises with an air detecting means 2 capable of detecting the air supplied from the air supply means and passing through the filtration membrane 1a of the fine particle filtration filter 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus including a filtering means for filtering and purifying dialysate introduced into a blood purifier, and a leak inspection method thereof.

  In general, a dialysis machine used for dialysis treatment supplies dialysate to a dialyzer (blood purifier) connected to a blood circuit and introduces dialysate to discharge the dialysate containing waste products from the dialyzer by dialysis. Line and dialysate discharge line are extended. The tips of the dialysate introduction line and the dialysate discharge line are connected to the dialysate introduction port and the dialysate discharge port of the dialyzer, respectively, so that the dialysate is supplied and discharged.

  Recently, a technique has been proposed in which dialysate to be supplied to the dialyzer at the time of dialysis treatment is also led to the blood circuit side, and the dialysis solution is used to perform replacement fluid during dialysis treatment. However, the dialysate contains endotoxin (one of the constituents of the outer layer of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacilli), and when such endotoxin enters the patient's body, it may cause physical conditions such as fever and shock. I know it will happen.

  Therefore, blood configured to remove the endotoxin contained in the dialysate by connecting a particulate filter (sometimes referred to as an endotoxin cut filter, a sterile filter, or a dialysate purification filter) to the dialysate introduction line. Dialysis devices (blood purification devices) have been proposed. As such a fine particle filtration filter, a filter having a cylindrical housing in which a plurality of hollow fibers (substantially the same as the hollow fibers of a dialyzer) are used is generally used.

  Specifically, a primary chamber in which the dialysis fluid to be filtered flows in the hollow fiber, and a secondary chamber in which the dialysis fluid flows in the space between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber and the inner peripheral surface of the housing. Thus, the dialyzed fluid in the secondary chamber is guided to the dialyzer and the blood circuit, and the dialysate that is not filtered by the hollow fiber is led out to the dialysate discharge line, for example, through the primary chamber. As a result, only the purified filtered dialysate is guided to the dialyzer or blood circuit, and safety can be improved. There is also a particulate filtration filter in which the hollow fiber is a secondary chamber and the space between the hollow fiber outer peripheral surface and the housing inner peripheral surface is a primary chamber.

  Therefore, in a general medical field, after performing a leak test of a particulate filter, dialysis treatment is performed to further improve safety. For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, this leak test is performed by intentionally supplying air to the particulate filtration filter and using, for example, a pressure gauge provided in the dialysate discharge line. This is done by monitoring the pressure difference on the secondary chamber side.

That is, in a normal fine particle filtration filter, the filtration membrane (hollow fiber) is made of a hydrophobic material. Therefore, if there is no leak, the filtration membrane is blocked by the supplied air, and the pressure on the secondary chamber side is rapidly increased. Therefore, the leak inspection is performed by detecting such a pressure difference (difference between the pressure before supply of air and the pressure after supply). On the other hand, when there is a leak, since the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane, the pressure difference on the secondary chamber side becomes smaller than that of normal air without leak.
JP 9-164198 A JP 2003-93851 A

  However, in the above conventional blood purification apparatus, the leak inspection of the particulate filter (filtering means) is performed by monitoring the pressure difference on the secondary chamber side while supplying air. there were.

  That is, in order to clarify the pressure difference and perform the leak inspection accurately, it is necessary to send air to the filtering means at a relatively excessive pressure, and the filter membrane (hollow fiber) is excessive for each leak inspection. Would give a heavy load. There is a possibility that the filtration membrane may be damaged by such an excessive load, and there is a problem that the usable period (life) is shortened. In addition, since it is necessary to check whether the pressure difference is constant or fluctuating, there is also a problem that it takes time to determine the leak.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and at the time of leak inspection of the filtration means, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membrane of the filtration means, and to perform leak determination in a short time. An object of the present invention is to provide a blood purification apparatus and a leak inspection method thereof that can be performed.

  The invention according to claim 1 is connected to a purification liquid inlet of a blood purifier for purifying the blood of a patient circulating outside the body, and a purification liquid introduction line for introducing the purification liquid into the blood purification apparatus, and the blood purification 1 is connected to the purifying fluid discharge port of the purifier and is connected to the purifying fluid discharge line for discharging the purifying fluid from the blood purifier and the purifying fluid introduction line, and the filtered purifying fluid flows through the filtration membrane 1 A secondary chamber in which a filtered purification liquid flows, and a filtration means for filtering and purifying the purification liquid flowing through the purification liquid introduction line; and air can be supplied to the filtration means at the time of leak inspection A blood purification apparatus comprising an air supply means is characterized by comprising an air detection means capable of detecting air supplied from the air supply means and passing through a filtration membrane of the filtration means.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, a plurality of the filtration means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line, and are downstream from the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of each filtration means. The air detection means is connected to each side.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the first or second aspect, two of the filtration means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line and are closer to the purification liquid inlet. The secondary chamber can be connected to a blood circuit for circulating the patient's blood extracorporeally while the primary chamber of the filtering means is connected to the purifying fluid inlet.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, an exhaust check for detecting that air filled in the filtering means is exhausted after a leak test. An air detection means is provided.

  The invention according to claim 5 is connected to a purification liquid inlet of a blood purifier for purifying the blood of a patient circulating extracorporeally, and introduces a purification liquid introduction line for introducing the purification liquid into the blood purification apparatus, and the blood purification 1 is connected to the purifying fluid discharge port of the purifier and is connected to the purifying fluid discharge line for discharging the purifying fluid from the blood purifier and the purifying fluid introduction line, and the filtered purifying fluid flows through the filtration membrane 1 A secondary chamber in which a filtered purification liquid flows, and a filtration means for filtering and purifying the purification liquid flowing through the purification liquid introduction line; and air can be supplied to the filtration means at the time of leak inspection In the leak test method of the blood purification apparatus comprising the air supply means, the leak determination can be performed by detecting the air supplied from the air supply means and passing through the filtration membrane of the filtration means. .

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for inspecting a leakage of a blood purification apparatus according to the fifth aspect, a plurality of the filtration means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line, and a primary chamber or 2 of each filtration means is provided. Each of the air leaking downstream from the next chamber is detected.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus leak testing method according to the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein after the leak test, the discharge of the air filled in the filtering means is detected. And

  According to the first and fifth aspects of the present invention, since air leaking through the filter membrane of the filtering means can be directly detected by the air detecting means and the leak can be determined, It is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membrane of the filtering means, and to make a leak determination in a short time.

  According to invention of Claim 2 and Claim 6, while a plurality of filtration means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line, the air detection means is connected downstream from the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of each filtration means. Thus, endotoxin can be removed a plurality of times, and it is possible to easily identify which filtering means is normal or leaking in the leak determination at the time of leak inspection.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the secondary chamber can be connected to a blood circuit that circulates the patient's blood extracorporeally while the primary chamber of the filtering means on the side close to the purifying fluid inlet is connected to the purifying fluid inlet. Since it is configured, double filtration can be performed only when the purification solution is guided to the blood circuit side at the time of replenishment or the like, and safer and more reliable replenishment or the like can be performed.

  According to the invention of claim 4 or claim 7, it is possible to directly detect that the air filled in the filtering means is exhausted after the leak inspection, so that the air used in the leak inspection is completely exhausted. It is possible to recognize with certainty, and subsequent treatment can be performed early.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and as shown in FIG. 1, a dialysate introduction line L1 (purification liquid introduction line) and a dialysate discharge line L2 (purification liquid discharge) Line), particulate filtration filter 1 (filtration means), control pump 3, air supply line L3 connected from the air supply source A to the dialysate introduction line L1, air detection means 2, bypass line L4, electromagnetic It is mainly composed of valves V1 to V4, a dual pump P, and an air escape line La having a solenoid valve Va. The control pump 3, the air source A, and the air supply line L3 constitute the air supply means of the present invention.

  The distal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by a connecting means 4 such as coupling before dialysis treatment (particularly during a leak test). Are removed from the connection means 4, and each can be connected to a dialyzer 6 (blood purifier). The dialyzer 6 is for purifying the blood of a patient circulating outside the body, and has a blood purification membrane (not shown) (in this embodiment, a hollow fiber membrane but includes a semipermeable membrane and a filtration membrane). Yes.

  In addition, the dialyzer 6 is formed with a blood introduction port 6a for introducing blood and a blood outlet 6b for extracting the introduced blood, and the distal end of the dialysate introduction line L1 is connected to introduce dialysate (purified solution). A dialysate introduction port 6c (purification solution introduction port) to be performed and a dialysate discharge port 6d (purification solution discharge port) for discharging the introduced dialysate are connected to the tip of the dialysate discharge line L2. Thus, the dialysate can be brought into contact with the blood introduced from the blood inlet 6a through the hollow fiber membrane to effect dialysis purification.

  The blood inlet 6a and the blood outlet 6b are connected to an arterial blood circuit 7a provided with a blood pump 9 and a venous blood circuit 7b connected to a drip chamber 8, respectively. The patient's blood can be circulated extracorporeally by driving the blood pump 9 while puncturing the patient with the needle a and the venous puncture needle b. Further, in the process of extracorporeal circulation, the blood purified by the dialyzer 6 is returned to the patient's body after being gradually bubbled by the drip chamber 8.

  On the other hand, a dialysate supply source and a dialysate discharge means (both not shown) are connected to the proximal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2, respectively. A dual pump P (or a chamber or the like instead) may be disposed across the liquid discharge line L2. Then, by operating the dual pump P, the dialysate 6 prepared is supplied to the dialyzer 6 via the dialysate introduction line L1, and the dialysate discharged from the dialyzer 6 via the dialysate discharge line L2 is dialyzed. It is comprised so that it may reach a liquid discharge means.

  Further, an air escape line La is extended from between the control pump 3 and the dual pump P in the dialysate discharge line L2, and an electromagnetic valve Va capable of opening or closing the air escape line La in the middle. Is arranged. Specifically, a chamber (not shown) having an air layer is disposed at a connection portion between the air release line La and the dialysate discharge line L2, so that air is captured and released in the chamber. (The same applies to the following embodiments).

  The particulate filter 1 is connected in the middle of the dialysate introduction line L1, and the primary chamber 1b in which the dialysate to be filtered (dialysate to be filtered) (filtered purifying fluid) flows through the filter membrane 1a. And a secondary chamber 1c through which a filtered dialysate (filtered dialysate) (filtered and purified solution) flows, and the dialysate flowing through the dialysate introduction line L1 is filtered and purified. is there. Thereby, endotoxin contained in the dialysate can be removed.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the particulate filter 1 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner to a cylindrical housing 10 in which a plurality of hollow fibers as a filtration membrane 1 a are contained, and to both end faces of the housing 10. The lid members 11 and 12 are mainly configured. The lid member 11 is formed with an introduction port 11a for introducing a dialysate, and the lid member 12 is formed with a first outlet 12a and a second outlet 12b for leading the dialysate.

  The housing 10 and the lid members 11 and 12 are both made of a resin molded product. The lid members 11 and 12 are fixed to both ends of the housing 10 by ultrasonic welding or the like, and these are integrally formed. is there. Among these, the hollow fiber as the filtration membrane 1a existing in the housing 10 may be the same as the hollow fiber in which a general hollow fiber type dialyzer is present, but a filter with improved filtration performance as a filter is preferable. The hollow fiber is a semipermeable membrane having extremely small holes in the thickness direction of the membrane.

  With this configuration, the dialysate introduced from the introduction port 11a is transmitted to the outside (inside the housing 10) through the hollow fiber membrane, so that the dialysate can be filtered (filtered). That is, the inside of the hollow fiber (filtration membrane 1a) is a primary chamber 1b in which the dialyzed fluid to be filtered flows, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 10 is a secondary in which the filtered dialysate flows. It is chamber 1c.

  However, of the dialysate introduced through the inlet 11a, the filtered and purified dialysate reaches the secondary chamber 1c from the primary chamber 1b, is led out from the first outlet 12a, and is supplied to the dialyzer 6. In addition, the dialysate that has not been filtered is led out from the second outlet 12b through the primary chamber 1b and can flow through the bypass line L4. In addition, the code | symbol 13 in the figure has shown the sealing agent for adhering in the state which bundled the several hollow fiber.

  The control pump 3, the air supply source A, and the air supply line L 3 that constitute the air supply means are for supplying air to the primary chamber 1 b side of the particulate filtration filter 1 at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filtration filter 1. . That is, by driving the control pump 3 while opening the electromagnetic valve V4, the air of the air supply source A flows through the dialysate introduction line L1 via the air supply line L3, and the primary chamber 1b of the particulate filter 1 It has come to reach. In addition, the code | symbol 5 in FIG. 1 has shown the check valve.

  Further, at the time of leak inspection, the tips of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by the connecting means 4, and the dual pump P is stopped and the solenoid valves V1, V2, and Va are opened. As the solenoid valve V3 is closed, the dialysate is filled in the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, and the bypass line L4 (the flow is stopped), and the control pump 3 is driven. The air from the air supply line L3 flows toward the primary chamber 1b of the particulate filter 1. In addition, the dialysate which flowed by the drive of the control pump 3 is discharged | emitted from the air escape line La.

  However, when the filtration membrane 1a of the particulate filtration filter 1 is not damaged, the filtration membrane 1a is a hydrophobic material, so that the supplied air remains in the primary chamber 1b and is filled. If there is damage or the like in 1a, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 1a and leaks from the primary chamber 1b to the secondary chamber 1c side, and downstream (air detection means 2) via the first outlet 10a. Side). Such leaked air is detected by the air detection means 2.

  The air detection means 2 is connected to the downstream side of the secondary chamber 1c of the particulate filter 1 and can detect the air supplied from the air supply source A. For example, an air sensor, an optical sensor It may be of any form such as consisting of, or consisting of electrodes. In the case of the air detection means 2 composed of an ultrasonic sensor, ultrasonic waves are generated and received across the dialysate introduction line L1, and air is detected by utilizing the difference in the attenuation rate of ultrasonic waves between the dialysate and the gas. Can be configured to.

  In the case of the air detection means 2 composed of an optical sensor, light is irradiated and received through the dialysate introduction line L1, and air is detected by utilizing the difference in light transmittance between the dialysate and air. Can be configured to. Further, in the case of the air detection means 2 composed of electrodes, a pair of electrodes are formed in the dialysate introduction line L1 to apply a voltage, and the electrical resistance between the dialysate (conductive) and air (non-conductive) ( It can be configured to detect the air by utilizing the fact that the energization is different.

  Therefore, in the leak inspection, when the air detection means 2 detects air, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 1a is damaged and the supplied air leaks from the primary chamber 1b to the secondary chamber 1c side. On the other hand, if no air is detected by the air detection means 2 even after a predetermined time has elapsed, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 1a is normal without any damage.

  According to the above embodiment, the air detection means 2 can directly detect the air leaked from the fine particle filtration filter 1 and determine the leak. Therefore, compared to the conventional method of detecting the pressure difference and determining the leak, There is no need to supply excessively high pressure air to the primary chamber 1b side of the particulate filter 1. Therefore, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membrane 1a at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filtration filter 1, and it is possible to extend the usable period (life).

  Furthermore, in the case of detecting a leak by detecting a pressure difference as in the past, since it is necessary to check whether the pressure difference is constant or fluctuating, it took a long time to determine the leak. According to the embodiment, it is not necessary to detect the pressure difference, and the air leaked from the particulate filter 1 is directly detected, so that the leak determination can be performed in a short time. If the drive of the control pump 3 is controlled, the pressure of the air supplied from the air supply source A can be adjusted, so that air is supplied to the primary chamber 1b of the particulate filter 1 at an optimum pressure. be able to.

  By the way, after the leak inspection is completed, the solenoid valves V1, V2 and Va are closed, the solenoid valve V3 is opened, and the double pump P is driven, so that the primary chamber 1b of the particulate filter 1 is filled. There is a process of discharging the air (air exhaust process). That is, the air used in the leak test is discharged from the filtration means 1 by driving the dual pump P in the air discharge process to flow the dialysate, and the subsequent dialysis treatment is performed smoothly. It is. In the drawing, the electromagnetic valve Va is in a closed state, but is opened as necessary, and the air flowing together with the dialysate is discharged from the air escape line La.

  After the air discharging process as described above, the double pump P is temporarily stopped, and the distal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected from the connection means 4 to the dialysate introduction port 6c and the dialysate discharge as shown in FIG. While switching to the outlet 6d, the electromagnetic valves V1 and V2 are opened while the electromagnetic valve V3 is closed (the closed state of the electromagnetic valves V4 and Va is maintained). When the dual pump P is driven, the dialysate filtered by the particulate filter 1 is supplied to the dialyzer 6, and the blood circulating extracorporeally in the arterial blood circuit 7a and the venous blood circuit 7b. Dialysis treatment. In addition, it can also be made to transfer to a dialysis treatment, without stopping the double pump P by making it the state which cannot supply a dialysate to the dialyzer 6. FIG. For example, if the solenoid valve V3 is opened while the solenoid valves V1 and V2 are closed and the dialysate is allowed to flow to the bypass line L4, the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are operated while the dual pump P is operated. The tip can be connected to the dialyzer 6.

Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to this embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus as in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, and the first Particulate filtration filter 14 and second particulate filtration filter 15 (filtration means), control pump 3, air supply line L3 connected from air supply source A to dialysate introduction line L1, first air detection means 16 and second The air detection means 17, the first bypass line L5 and the second bypass line L6, the electromagnetic valves V2 to V7, the dual pump P, and the air release line La having the electromagnetic valve Va are mainly configured. As in the first embodiment, the control pump 3, the air source A, and the air supply line L3 constitute the air supply means of the present invention.

  The first particulate filter 14 and the second particulate filter 15 have filtration membranes 14a and 15a, respectively, and have primary chambers 14b and 15b and secondary chambers 14c and 15c, respectively, as in the first embodiment. It will be. A first bypass line L5 extends from the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filtration filter 14, and a second bypass line L6 extends from the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filtration filter 15, respectively. It is connected to the liquid discharge line L2. The downstream side of the secondary chamber 14c in the first particulate filtration filter 14 and the downstream side of the secondary chamber 15c in the second particulate filtration filter 15 constitute a dialysate introduction line L1.

  The first air detection means 16 and the electromagnetic valve V5 are connected to the first bypass line L5, and the electromagnetic valve V3 is connected to the second bypass line L6. Furthermore, on the downstream side (secondary chamber 15c side) of the dialysate introduction line L1 from the second particulate filtration filter 15, the second air detection means 17, the connection means 18 capable of connecting a replacement fluid line L7 described later, and a solenoid valve V7 is connected.

  At the time of leak inspection, the tips of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by the connecting means 4, and the dual pump P is stopped, and the open solenoid valve V3 other than the solenoid valve V3 is closed. As a result, the dialysate is filled in the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, the first bypass line L5, and the second bypass line L6 (the flow is stopped). The air from the air supply line L3 branches to the first particulate filter 14 side and the second particulate filter 15 side, and flows toward the secondary chamber 14c and the primary chamber 15b, respectively. In addition, the dialysate which flowed by the drive of the control pump 3 is discharged | emitted from the air escape line La.

  However, when the filtration membrane 14a of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 is not damaged or the like, since the filtration membrane 14a is a hydrophobic material, the supplied air stays in the secondary chamber 14c and is filled. When the filtration membrane 14a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 14a, leaks from the secondary chamber 14c to the primary chamber 14b side, and flows to the first bypass line L5 side. Such leaked air is detected by the air detection means 16.

  Further, when the filtration membrane 15a of the second fine particle filtration filter 15 is not damaged or the like, since the filtration membrane 15a is a hydrophobic material, the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 15b and is filled. When the filtration membrane 15a is damaged, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 15a, leaks from the primary chamber 15b to the secondary chamber 15c side, and flows to the downstream side (air detection means 17 side). Become. Such leaked air is detected by the air detection means 17.

  In the leak inspection, if the air detection means 16 detects air, the filtration membrane 14a of the first particulate filter 14 is damaged, and the supplied air is moved from the secondary chamber 14c to the primary chamber 14b side. If the air detection means 17 detects air, the filter membrane 15a of the second particulate filter 15 is damaged, and the supplied air is secondary from the primary chamber 15b. It can be determined that leakage has occurred in the chamber 15c. Of course, when both the air detection means 16 and 17 detect air, it can be determined that both the filtration membranes 14a and 15a of the first particulate filtration filters 14 and 15 are damaged.

  If the first air detection means 16 does not detect air even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the control pump 3 is driven, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 14a is not damaged and is normal. If no air is detected by the second air detection means 17, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 15a is normal without any damage. Of course, when both the air detection means 16 and 17 do not detect air, it can be determined that the filtration membranes 14a and 15a of both the first particulate filtration filters 14 and 15 are not damaged.

  By the way, the process of discharging the air filled in the primary chambers 14b and 15b of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 and the second fine particle filtration filter 15 (air discharge process) after the leak test is completed, as in the previous embodiment. ) That is, the air used in the leak test is discharged from the first fine particle filtration filter 14 and the second fine particle filtration filter 15 by driving the dual pump P in the air discharge step to flow the dialysate, and the subsequent dialysis The treatment is going smoothly.

  After the air discharging process as described above, the double pump P is temporarily stopped, and the distal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected from the connection means 4 to the dialysate introduction port 6c and the dialysate discharge as shown in FIG. While switching to the outlet 6d, the solenoid valves V3, V4, V5 and Va are closed (the other solenoid valves are opened). When the dual pump P is driven, the dialysate filtered by the first particulate filtration filter 14 and the second particulate filtration filter 15 is supplied to the dialyzer 6, and the arterial blood circuit 7a and the venous blood are supplied. Dialysis treatment can be performed on blood circulating outside the circuit 7b. In addition, it can also be made to transfer to a dialysis treatment, without stopping the duplex pump P by making it the state which cannot supply to the dialyzer 6, making dialysate flow through the 1st bypass line L5 or the 2nd bypass line L6.

  When a replacement fluid is required, one end of the replacement fluid line L7 is connected to the connecting means 18 and the other end is connected to the drip chamber 8 of the venous blood circuit 7b as shown in FIG. As a result, the dialysate filtered by the first particulate filter 14 and the second particulate filter 15 flows while branching to the replacement fluid line L7 via the connecting means 18, and flows through the venous blood circuit 7b to the patient. It will be injected into the body.

  According to the above embodiment, the first air detection means 16 and the second air detection means 17 can directly detect the air leaked from the first particulate filtration filter 14 and the second particulate filtration filter 15 to determine the leak. Therefore, it is not necessary to supply excessively high pressure air to the primary chamber 15b or the secondary chamber 14c side as compared with the conventional one in which the pressure difference is detected and the leak is determined. Therefore, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membranes 14a and 15a during the leak inspection of the particulate filter, and to extend the usable period (life).

  Furthermore, according to this embodiment, a plurality of filtration means (two in the case of this embodiment) are connected in series in the dialysate introduction line, and downstream of the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of each filtration means ( Since the air detection means are respectively connected to the downstream side of the flow path of the air supplied from the air supply source A, the endotoxin can be removed a plurality of times, and in the leak judgment at the time of the leak test, It is possible to easily identify whether the filtering means is normal or leaking.

Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to this embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, as in the previous embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, and the first particulates Filtration filter 14 and second particulate filtration filter 15 (filtration means), control pump 3, air supply line L3 connected from air supply source A to dialysate introduction line L1, first air detection means 16 and second air From detection means 17, first bypass line L5 and third bypass line L8, solenoid valves V2, V4, V5, V6, V8 and V9, double pump P, and air release line La having solenoid valve Va It is mainly composed. As in the previous embodiment, the control pump 3, the air source A and the air supply line L3 constitute the air supply means of the present invention.

  The first fine particle filtration filter 14 and the second fine particle filtration filter 15 have filtration membranes 14a and 15a, respectively, and have primary chambers 14b and 15b and secondary chambers 14c and 15c, respectively, as in the previous embodiment. It will be. A first bypass line L5 extends from the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filtration filter 14, and a third bypass line L8 extends from the secondary chamber 15b of the second particulate filtration filter 15, respectively. It is connected to the liquid discharge line L2. The downstream side of the secondary chamber 14c in the first particulate filter 14 and the downstream side of the primary chamber 15b in the second particulate filter 15 constitute a dialysate introduction line L1.

  The first bypass line L5 is connected to the first air detection means 16 and the solenoid valve V5, and the third bypass line L8 is connected to the second air detection means 17 and a replacement fluid line L7 described later. Means 18 and solenoid valve V8 are connected. Furthermore, an electromagnetic valve V9 is connected to the downstream side of the primary chamber 15b side of the second particulate filter 15 constituting the tip of the dialysate introduction line L1.

  At the time of leak inspection, the tips of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by the connection means 4, and the dual pump P is stopped, and the solenoid valve V9 is opened except for the solenoid valve V9. By being blocked, the dialysate is filled in the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, the first bypass line L5, and the third bypass line L8 (the flow is stopped), and the control pump 3 is driven. As a result, the air from the air supply line L3 branches to the first particulate filter 14 side and the second particulate filter 15 side, and flows toward the secondary chamber 14c and the primary chamber 15b, respectively. In addition, the dialysate which flowed by the drive of the control pump 3 is discharged | emitted from the air escape line La.

  However, when the filtration membrane 14a of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 is not damaged or the like, since the filtration membrane 14a is a hydrophobic material, the supplied air stays in the secondary chamber 14c and is filled. When the filtration membrane 14a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 14a, leaks from the secondary chamber 14c to the primary chamber 14b side, and flows to the first bypass line L5 side. Such leaked air is detected by the air detection means 16.

  Further, when the filtration membrane 15a of the second fine particle filtration filter 15 is not damaged or the like, since the filtration membrane 15a is a hydrophobic material, the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 15b and is filled. When the filtration membrane 15a is damaged, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 15a, leaks from the primary chamber 15b to the secondary chamber 15c side, and flows to the downstream side (air detection means 17 side). Become. Such leaked air is detected by the air detection means 17.

  In the leak inspection, if the air detection means 16 detects air, the filtration membrane 14a of the first particulate filter 14 is damaged, and the supplied air is moved from the secondary chamber 14c to the primary chamber 14b side. If the air detection means 17 detects air, the filter membrane 15a of the second particulate filter 15 is damaged, and the supplied air is secondary from the primary chamber 15b. It can be determined that leakage has occurred in the chamber 15c. Of course, when both the air detection means 16 and 17 detect air, it can be determined that both the filtration membranes 14a and 15a of the first particulate filtration filters 14 and 15 are damaged.

  If the first air detection means 16 does not detect air even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the control pump 3 is driven, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 14a is not damaged and is normal. If no air is detected by the second air detection means 17, it can be determined that the filtration membrane 15a is normal without any damage. Of course, when both the air detection means 16 and 17 do not detect air, it can be determined that the filtration membranes 14a and 15a of both the first particulate filtration filters 14 and 15 are not damaged.

  By the way, the process of discharging the air filled in the primary chambers 14b and 15b of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 and the second fine particle filtration filter 15 (air discharge process) after the leak test is completed, as in the previous embodiment. ) That is, the air used in the leak test is discharged from the first fine particle filtration filter 14 and the second fine particle filtration filter 15 by driving the dual pump P in the air discharge step to flow the dialysate, and the subsequent dialysis The treatment is going smoothly.

  After the air discharge process as described above, the compound pump P is temporarily stopped, and the respective ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected from the connection means 4 to the dialysate introduction port 6c and the dialysate discharge as shown in FIG. While switching to the outlet 6d, the solenoid valves V4, V5, V8, and Va are closed (the other solenoid valves are opened). When the dual pump P is driven, the dialysate filtered by the first particulate filtration filter 14 is supplied to the dialyzer 6 through the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filtration filter 15, and the arterial side. Dialysis treatment can be performed on blood circulating extracorporeally in the blood circuit 7a and the venous blood circuit 7b. In addition, it can also be made to transfer to a dialysis treatment, without stopping the compound pump P by making it the state which cannot supply to the dialyzer 6, making dialysate flow through the 1st bypass line L5.

  When a replacement fluid is required, one end of the replacement fluid line L7 is connected to the connecting means 18 and the other end is connected to the drip chamber 8 of the venous blood circuit 7b as shown in FIG. At this time, the electromagnetic valve V8 is closed. As a result, the dialysate filtered by the first particulate filtration filter 14 is further filtered by the second particulate filtration filter 15 and flows to the replacement fluid line L7 via the connecting means 18 and flows through the venous blood circuit 7b. It will be injected into the patient's body.

  According to the above embodiment, as in the previous embodiment, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membranes 14a and 15a at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filter, and to extend the usable period (life). Can do. In addition, two filtration means are connected in series in the dialysate introduction line L1, and the downstream side of the primary chamber or secondary chamber of each filtration means (the downstream side in the flow path of the air supplied from the air supply source A) ) Is connected to each air detection means, so that endotoxin can be removed multiple times during replenishment, and which filtering means are normal or leaking in the leak determination during the leak test Can be made easy.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the secondary chamber 15c is connected to the dialyzer inlet 6c while the primary chamber 15b of the filtering means (second fine particle filter 15) near the dialysate inlet 6c in the dialyzer 6 is connected. Is connected to a blood circuit that circulates the patient's blood extracorporeally (specifically, the drip chamber 8 of the venous blood circuit 7b). Double filtration can be performed, and safer and more reliable replacement fluid can be performed.

Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
In the present embodiment, as in the previous embodiment, it is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and includes a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge line L2, a first particulate filter 14 and a second particulate filter 15 ( Filtration means), the control pump 3, two air supply lines L3a and L3b connected from the air supply source A to the dialysate introduction line L1, a first air detection means 16 and a second air detection means 17, 1 bypass line L5 and 2nd bypass line L6, mainly composed of solenoid valves V2, V3, V4a, V4b, V5 to V7, dual pump P, and air release line La having solenoid valve Va. (See FIGS. 8 and 9).

  As in the previous embodiment, the control pump 3, the air source A, and the air supply lines L3a and L3b constitute the air supply means of the present invention. In addition, solenoid valves V4a and V4b and check valves 5a and 5b are disposed in the first air supply lines L3a and L3b, respectively. Furthermore, a first bypass line L5 extends from the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 14 and a second bypass line L6 extends from the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filter 15; Each is connected to the dialysate discharge line L2.

  Here, in the dialysate introduction line L1, the first air detection means 16 is provided downstream of the secondary chamber 14c of the first particulate filter 14 and downstream of the secondary chamber 15c of the second particulate filter 15, respectively. And the second air detection means 17 are disposed on the downstream side of the second air detection means 17 (the distal end side of the dialysate introduction line L1) as in the second and third embodiments. Is connected to the connecting means 18 and the electromagnetic valve V7.

  Thus, at the time of leak inspection, the state shown in FIG. That is, the tips of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by the connecting means 4, and the dual pump P is stopped, and the solenoid valves V5, V4b and V7 are closed, and the other solenoid valves And the dialysate is filled in the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, the first bypass line L5, and the second bypass line L6 (the flow is stopped), and then the control pump 3 is turned on. Driven, the air from the air supply line L3a flows toward the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 14.

  When the filtration membrane 14a of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 is not damaged or the like, the filtration membrane 14a is a hydrophobic material, so that the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 14b and is filled. When the membrane 14a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 14a, leaks from the primary chamber 14b to the secondary chamber 14c side, and flows to the first bypass line L5 side. Such leaked air is detected by the first air detection means 16.

  Next, the state shown in FIG. 9 is assumed. That is, while the connection by the connecting means 4 and the stop of the dual pump P are maintained, the solenoid valves V4a and V3 are closed, the solenoid valves V4b and V7 are opened, and the other solenoid valves are left as they are. Driven, the air from the air supply line L3b flows toward the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filter 15. When the filtration membrane 15a of the second fine particle filtration filter 15 is not damaged or the like, the filtration membrane 15a is a hydrophobic material, so that the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 15b and is filled. When the membrane 15a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 15a, leaks from the primary chamber 15b to the secondary chamber 15c, and flows to the downstream side (second air detection means 17 side). It becomes. Such leaked air is detected by the second air detection means 17.

  Even with the above configuration, as in the previous embodiment, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membranes 14a and 15a at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filter, and to extend the usable period (life). . In addition, two filtration means are connected in series in the dialysate introduction line L1, and air detection means are connected to the downstream side of the secondary chamber of each filtration means, so at the time of dialysate supply to the dialyzer 6 Of course, even at the time of replenishment, as in the third embodiment, if one end of the replenishment line is connected to the connecting means 18, endotoxin can be removed multiple times, and in leak determination at the time of leak inspection, It is possible to identify which filtering means is normal or leaking. Note that the dialysate discharge by the air escape line La during the leak test and the air discharge process after the leak test are the same as in the previous embodiment.

Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
In the present embodiment, as in the previous embodiment, it is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and includes a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge line L2, a first particulate filter 14 and a second particulate filter 15 ( Filtration means), the control pump 3, the air supply line L3 connected from the air supply source A to the dialysate introduction line L1, the first air detection means 16, the second air detection means 17, the first bypass line L5, It mainly comprises a second bypass line L6, electromagnetic valves V2 to V7 and an electromagnetic valve V10, a dual pump P, and an air escape line La having an electromagnetic valve Va (see FIGS. 10 to 14).

  As in the previous embodiment, the control pump 3, the air source A and the air supply line L3 constitute the air supply means of the present invention. A first bypass line L5 extends from the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 14 and its tip is connected to the dialysate discharge line L2, and the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filter 15 The second bypass line L6 extends from the front end of the first bypass line L6 and is connected to the end of the first bypass line L5. The solenoid valve V5 is connected to the upstream side (dialysate introduction line L1 side) and the solenoid valve V10 is connected to the downstream side (dialysate discharge line L2 side) of the first bypass line L5 where the second bypass line L6 is connected. In addition, an electromagnetic valve V3 is connected in the middle of the second bypass line L6.

  Here, in the dialysate introduction line L1, the first air detection means 16 is provided downstream of the secondary chamber 14c of the first particulate filter 14 and downstream of the secondary chamber 15c of the second particulate filter 15, respectively. The second air detection means 17 is disposed, and an electromagnetic valve V7 is connected to the downstream side of the second air detection means 17 (the distal end side of the dialysate introduction line L1).

  Therefore, at the time of leak inspection, the state as shown in FIG. That is, the tips of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected to each other by the connecting means 4, and the dual pump P is stopped and the solenoid valves V3, V5, and V10 are closed, and the other solenoid valves And the dialysate is filled in the dialysate introduction line L1, the dialysate discharge line L2, the first bypass line L5, and the second bypass line L6 (the flow is stopped), and then the control pump 3 is turned on. Driven, the air from the air supply line L3 flows toward the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 14.

  When the filtration membrane 14a of the first fine particle filtration filter 14 is not damaged or the like, the filtration membrane 14a is a hydrophobic material, so that the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 14b and is filled. When the membrane 14a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 14a, leaks from the primary chamber 14b to the secondary chamber 14c side, and flows to the first bypass line L5 side. Such leaked air is detected by the first air detection means 16.

  Next, the state as shown in FIG. 11 is assumed. That is, the connection by the connecting means 4 and the stop of the dual pump P are maintained, the electromagnetic valve V6 is closed, the electromagnetic valves V3 and V5 are opened, and the other pumps are left as they are, and the control pump 3 is driven. . Thereby, the air from the air supply line L3 passes through the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filtration filter 14, the first bypass line L5, and the second bypass line L6 to the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filtration filter 15. It will flow.

  When the filtration membrane 15a of the second fine particle filtration filter 15 is not damaged or the like, the filtration membrane 15a is a hydrophobic material, so that the supplied air stays in the primary chamber 15b and is filled. When the membrane 15a is damaged or the like, the supplied air passes through the filtration membrane 15a, leaks from the primary chamber 15b to the secondary chamber 15c, and flows to the downstream side (second air detection means 17 side). It becomes. Such leaked air is detected by the second air detection means 17. In the air leakage detection of the first particle filtration filter 14 and the second particle filtration filter 15, a path different from the air and dialysate flow paths as described above may be used.

  By the way, as in the previous embodiment, after the leak test is completed, the air filled in the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 114 and the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filter 15 is discharged. There is a process (air discharge process). Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 12, the solenoid valves V4, V6, V7, V3 and V2 are closed, the solenoid valves V5 and V10 are opened, and the dial pump is driven by driving the dual pump P. Let it flow. Thus, the air filled in the primary chamber 14b of the first particulate filter 14 reaches the dialysate discharge line L2 via the first bypass line L5 together with the dialysate, and is discharged outside the apparatus. It becomes.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13, the electromagnetic valves V4, V7, V5, V2 are closed and the electromagnetic valves V6, V10 are opened, and the dual pump P is driven to cause the dialysate to flow. Thus, the air filled in the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filter 15 reaches the dialysate discharge line L through the second bypass line L6 and the first bypass line L5 together with the dialysate. It will be discharged outside. In the drawing, the electromagnetic valve Va is in a closed state, but is opened as necessary, and the air flowing together with the dialysate is discharged from the air escape line La. As a result, the air used in the leak test is discharged from the filtering means, and the subsequent dialysis treatment is performed smoothly.

  After the air discharging process as described above, the compound pump P is temporarily stopped, and the distal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected from the connecting means 4 to the dialysate introduction port 6c and the dialysate discharge as shown in FIG. While switching to the outlet 6d, the solenoid valves V3, V4, V5, V10, and Va are closed (the other solenoid valves are opened). When the dual pump P is driven, the dialysate filtered by the first particulate filtration filter 14 is supplied to the dialyzer 6 through the primary chamber 15b of the second particulate filtration filter 15, and the arterial side. Dialysis treatment can be performed on blood circulating extracorporeally in the blood circuit 7a and the venous blood circuit 7b. In addition, it can also be made to transfer to a dialysis treatment, without stopping the duplex pump P by making it the state which cannot supply to the dialyzer 6, making dialysate flow through the 1st bypass line L5 or the 2nd bypass line L6.

  Even with the above configuration, as in the previous embodiment, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load to the filtration membranes 14a and 15a at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filter, and to extend the usable period (life). . In addition, two filtration means are connected in series in the dialysate introduction line L1, and the air detection means is connected downstream from the secondary chamber of each filtration means. It is possible to identify whether the filtering means is normal or leaking. In this embodiment as well, as in the third or fourth embodiment, a connecting means that can connect one end of a replacement fluid line is provided between the second air detection means 17 and the electromagnetic valve V7, and a plurality of times are provided at the time of replacement fluid. Endotoxin removal may be performed.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of an electromagnetic valve, other clamping means that can open and close a flow path (forceps that can be manually opened and closed, etc.) ). In addition to the replacement fluid, the replacement fluid line connected to the connection means may guide the dialysate to the blood circuit side during priming before dialysis treatment or blood return (blood collection) after dialysis treatment. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, two fine particle filtration filters (filtration means) are connected in series, but three or more fine particle filtration filters (filtration means) may be connected to the dialysate introduction means.

  Furthermore, the filtering means is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2, and may be the filtering means (fine particle filtering filter) shown in FIGS. The fine particle filtration filter shown in FIG. 15 has a cylindrical housing H containing a plurality of hollow fibers as the filtration membrane I, and a dialysis fluid to be filtered introduced into the filtration membrane I and a bypass line formed on the end surface of the housing H. And a pair of ports P3 and P4 for leading the filtered dialysate formed on the side surface of the housing and passing through the filtration membrane I.

  According to such a fine particle filtration filter, the primary chamber in which the filtration dialysate flows in the filtration membrane I, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of the filtration membrane I and the inner peripheral surface of the housing H allows the filtration dialysate to flow 2. It becomes a next chamber and is filtered when the dialysate passes through the filter membrane I. The dialyzed fluid to be filtered may be introduced from the port P3 or P4, and the filtered dialysate passing through the filter membrane I may be led out from the ports P1 and P2. In this case, the outer peripheral surface of the filter membrane I and the housing The space between the inner peripheral surface of H is a primary chamber for flowing the filtrate to be filtered, and the inside of the filtration membrane I is a secondary chamber for flowing the filtered dialysate.

  In addition, the particulate filtration filter shown in FIG. 16 has a cylindrical housing H in which a plurality of hollow fibers serving as the filtration membrane I is embedded, and is formed on the end surface of the housing H to introduce the filtered dialysate into the filtration membrane I. The port P5 and the port P6 lead out to the bypass line, and the port P7 that leads to the filtered dialysate formed on the side surface of the housing and passed through the filtration membrane I are provided. According to such a fine particle filtration filter, the primary chamber in which the filtration dialysate flows in the filtration membrane I, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of the filtration membrane I and the inner peripheral surface of the housing H allows the filtration dialysate to flow 2. It becomes a next chamber and is filtered when the dialysate passes through the filter membrane I.

  However, in addition to the embodiment, the discharge confirmation air detecting means may be arranged on the downstream side of the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of the filtering means and on the side not provided with the air detecting means. As a result, it is possible to directly detect that the air filled in the filtering means is discharged during the air discharge process after the leak test, so that the air used in the leak test is completely discharged. Can be recognized and the subsequent treatment can be done early. In this case, the discharge detection air detection means may have the same configuration as that of the above embodiment.

  Further, in the present embodiment, air is supplied while filling the dialysate to each line at the time of leak inspection of the particulate filtering means, but other purification liquid may be used instead of the dialysate, or Air may be supplied while filling a chemical solution such as a disinfectant solution. Further, in the present embodiment, the control pump 3 as an air supply means is disposed in the dialysate discharge line L2, but instead, for example, the control pump 3 is installed in the air supply line L3. It may be. In this embodiment, all are applied to the hemodialysis apparatus, but can also be applied to other blood purification apparatuses for purifying the blood of patients circulating extracorporeally.

  The blood purification apparatus having the air detection means capable of detecting the air supplied by the air supply means and passing through the filtration membrane of the filtration means and the leak inspection method thereof have other configurations or other functions. The present invention can also be applied.

Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing a particulate filter in the same embodiment Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of treatment) concerning the embodiment Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of treatment) concerning the embodiment Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of treatment) concerning the embodiment Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of a leak test) which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of an air discharge process) which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of an air discharge process) which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the blood purification apparatus (at the time of treatment) which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the fine particle filtration filter in other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the fine particle filtration filter in other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Fine particle filter (filtering means)
2 Air detection means 3 Control pump 4 Connection means 5 Check valve 6 Dialyzer (blood purifier)
7a Arterial blood circuit 7b Venous blood circuit 8 Drip chamber 9 Blood pump 10 Housing 11, 12 Lid member 13 Sealant 14 First particulate filter (filtering means)
15 Second particulate filter (filtering means)
16 1st air detection means 17 2nd air detection means 18 Connection means A Air supply source L1 Dialysate introduction line (purification liquid introduction line)
L2 Dialysate drain line (Purified fluid drain line)
L3 Air supply line L4 Bypass line L5 First bypass line L6 Second bypass line L7 Fluid replacement line L8 Third bypass line La Air escape line V1-V9, Va, V4a, V4b Solenoid valve

Claims (7)

A purification liquid introduction line connected to a purification liquid introduction port of a blood purification apparatus for purifying the blood of a patient circulating outside the body, and introducing the purification liquid into the blood purification apparatus;
A purifying fluid discharge line connected to the purifying fluid discharge port of the blood purifier and discharging the purifying fluid from the blood purifier;
A purification liquid that is connected to the purification liquid introduction line and includes a primary chamber in which the filtration purification liquid flows through the filtration membrane and a secondary chamber in which the filtration purification liquid flows, and flows through the purification liquid introduction line Filtering means for filtering and purifying
An air supply means capable of supplying air to the filtration means at the time of leak inspection;
In the blood purification apparatus comprising
A blood purification device comprising air detection means capable of detecting air supplied from the air supply means and passing through a filtration membrane of the filtration means.   A plurality of the filtering means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line, and the air detecting means is connected to the downstream side of the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of each filtering means. 1. The blood purification apparatus according to 1.   Two filtration means are connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line, and the secondary chamber is connected to the purification liquid introduction port while the primary chamber of the filtration means on the side near the purification liquid introduction port is connected to the patient. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the blood purification apparatus is configured to be connected to a blood circuit for extracorporeally circulating the blood.   The blood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a discharge confirmation air detecting means for detecting discharge of air filled in the filtering means after a leak test. Purification equipment. A purification liquid introduction line connected to a purification liquid introduction port of a blood purification apparatus for purifying the blood of a patient circulating outside the body, and introducing the purification liquid into the blood purification apparatus;
A purifying fluid discharge line connected to the purifying fluid discharge port of the blood purifier and discharging the purifying fluid from the blood purifier;
A purification liquid that is connected to the purification liquid introduction line and includes a primary chamber in which the filtration purification liquid flows through the filtration membrane and a secondary chamber in which the filtration purification liquid flows, and flows through the purification liquid introduction line Filtering means for filtering and purifying
An air supply means capable of supplying air to the filtration means at the time of leak inspection;
In the method for testing a leak of a blood purification apparatus comprising:
A leak test method for a blood purification apparatus, characterized in that a leak determination can be performed by detecting air supplied from the air supply means and passing through a filtration membrane of the filtration means.   6. The filtration means is connected in series in the purification liquid introduction line and detects air leaked downstream from the primary chamber or the secondary chamber of each filtration means. Test method for blood purification apparatus in Japan.   7. The method for examining a leak of a blood purification apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the air filled in the filtering unit is detected after the leak test.

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