JP2007210910A - Method for producing acyl compound and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for continuously synthesizing an acyl compound from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a hetero-hydride in a short time in high yield and selectivity without using a catalyst and provide an apparatus and reaction composition for the synthesis. <P>SOLUTION: The method for the continuous and quick synthesis of an acyl compound from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a hetero-hydride in high yield and selectivity comprises the use of a subcritical fluid or supercritical fluid having a temperature of 100-400°C and a pressure of 0.1-40 MPa as a reaction solvent, introduction of a substrate and the reaction solvent into a high temperature and pressure flow reactor in the absence of catalyst and the adjustment of various conditions comprising the temperature and the amount of the carboxylic acid anhydride. The invention further provides an apparatus and reaction composition for the synthesis. The invention can provide an acyl compound having biocompatibility and useful as perfume, medicine, food, etc. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an acyl compound, a production method and an apparatus thereof, and more specifically, a method for producing an acyl compound in a single step without using a high-temperature and high-pressure water or acetic acid or a mixed solvent thereof as a reaction solvent. , The apparatus and the acyl compound composition. In the present invention, an acyl compound from carboxylic anhydride and heterohydride is added in one step in a short time without adding a catalyst using water or acetic acid at a temperature of 100 to 400 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 to 40 MPa as a reaction solvent. The present invention provides a continuous synthesis method, an apparatus thereof, and a reaction composition thereof. Here, examples of the hetero atom in the hetero hydride include oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen, which correspond to alcohol, thiol, and amine, respectively.

  Acyl compounds are particularly useful in the fields of fragrances, pharmaceuticals, foods, etc., because they improve and improve the functionality of raw materials and substrates, and add added value. Usually, when synthesizing acyl compounds, the conventional method requires an acid / base catalyst in addition to the aprotic organic solvent. For example, when used in foods and pharmaceuticals, the remaining organic solvent and catalyst are It requires a lot of labor to remove the water and has problems such as being harmful to the living body as well as affecting the environment. The present invention provides a method for synthesizing an acyl compound from a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride such as alcohol, amine, thiol, etc., without using a catalyst, and a process using water alone, an apparatus therefor, and a reaction composition thereof. It can be applied not only to fragrances, pharmaceuticals and foods, but also to chemical synthesis, and enables the acyl compound to be produced and provided continuously in a short time efficiently.

Conventionally, various methods for synthesizing acyl compounds from carboxylic anhydrides and heterohydrides, alcohols, amines, thiols and the like have been reported (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Here, if a technique for synthesizing an acyl compound from an alcohol and a carboxylic anhydride is completed, it is usually possible to synthesize an acyl compound from another heterohydride such as an amine or thiol. There are numerous reports of techniques for synthesizing compounds. According to the prior art documents, in the method of synthesizing acyl compounds, for example, sulfuric acid as a strong acid, TsOH (Non-patent Document 2), and ZnCl ₂ (metal chloride) as a catalyst in a solvent-free or aprotic organic solvent. Non-patent document 3), CoCl ₃ (non-patent document 4), Me ₃ SiCl (a) and b) in Non-patent document 5), Bu ₃ P as a base (non-patent document 6), NaOAc (non-patent document 7). ), Pyridine (Non-Patent Document 8), and the like have been used. In addition, the discovery of DMAP that activates acyl groups via the formation of a stable acyl intermediate and its application were regarded as innovative technologies (Patent Documents 9a) and b)).

However, since DMAP uses one or more equivalents of amine, metal triflate, which is a Lewis acid, has been proposed. Me ₃ SiOTf (Non-patent Document 10), Sc (OTf) ₃ (Patent Documents 1, 2 and Non-Patent Documents) Patent Document 11 a) and b)), In (OTf) ₃ (Non-Patent Document 12), Bi (OTf) ₃ (Non-Patent Document 13), Sc (NTf) ₃ (Non-Patent Document 14), HNTf ₂ ( Patent Documents 1 and 2 have shown that acyl compounds can be obtained in high yield. Furthermore, V (OTf) ₃ did not show catalytic activity, but its oxo compound V (O) (OTf) ₂ was found to have catalytic activity, and attention was paid to catalytic activation of V = O. (Patent Literature 3, Non-Patent Literature 15). With these catalysts, it is reported that acyl compounds can be obtained with a yield of 95% or more from secondary alcohols and with a yield of 80% or more from tertiary alcohols (FIG. 1).

  Here, in the above prior art documents, in addition to a catalyst such as an organic base, a Lewis acid, and a solid acid, an organic solvent is indispensable for acylation. In addition, acylation is optimally performed at room temperature because impurities are generated under high temperature conditions and the selectivity is reduced, and high temperature conditions are considered inappropriate (Patent Documents 1 and 2). On the other hand, with regard to the possibility of water as a solvent in acylation, generally, an acylating agent is added to a crude product and acylated under anhydrous conditions, and water is considered to inhibit acylation. (Patent Document 4), in a certain patent document, water is listed as a solvent, but it is not actually used (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

However, there is an example in which the correlation between the catalytic activity for the aldol reaction and the stability of Lewis acid in water is systematically compared for each element and suggests the applicability to other reactions (Non-patent Document 16). . Furthermore, when Bi (OTf) ₃ is a catalyst, there is a document in which a wet organic solvent containing water that has not been dehydrated promotes the reaction and an improvement in yield is observed (non-patent document). 13). Thus, the effectiveness of water as a solvent for acylation has not been clear so far and no water has been used. On the other hand, under the solvent-free conditions when Bi (OTf) ₃ is used as a catalyst, it is reported that the yield decreases and an organic solvent is necessary (Non-patent Document 13).

  After the reaction, the post-treatment is carried out by adding a neutralizing agent to the reaction mixture and neutralizing the reaction mixture, adding an extraction solvent and water or saturated saline, and separating the solution. The layer is then subjected to a process of drying, solvent removal, distillation or rectification to obtain the desired product. In addition to water, the layer is a catalyst, organic solvent, acetic acid, substrate, product, by-product. In addition, a mixture of inorganic complex reaction system components is contained. Here, when the separation of the catalyst from the aqueous layer is easy, it is recovered and regenerated and reused, but when the separation is difficult, it is discarded and disposed as it is (FIG. 2). If the water layer does not contain catalyst or organic solvent and contains only water, acetic acid, and product, as in the case of acylation in non-catalyst / high temperature / high pressure water, the product is separated by decantation. It is possible to separate into water and glacial acetic acid by performing azeotropic distillation in which a substance that forms an azeotrope is added to the aqueous layer (Patent Document 5). This means that this method makes it possible to regenerate water and is an environment-reducing type process compared to the normal method (FIG. 3).

JP 9-169690 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-176081 US Pat. No. 6,541,659 US Pat. No. 6,005,122 US Pat. No. 5,980,696 W. Green, P. G. Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, 1999, p150 A. C. Cope, E. C. Herrick, Org. Syn. Coll., Vol. 4, 1963 304 R. H. Baker, E. C. Herrick, Org. Syn. Coll., Vol. 3, 1955, 141 S. Ahmad, J. Iqbal, Chem. Commun., 1987, 114 a) N. C. Braus, R. P. Sharma, J. N. Baruah, Tetrahedron Lett., 1983, 24, 1189; b) J. Org. Chem., 1987, 52, 5034 E. Vedejs, N. S. Bannet, L. M. Conn, S. T. Diver, J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 7286 The Miner Laboratories, Org. Syn. Coll. Vol. 1, 1941, 285. Joseph B. Lambert, Gen Tai Wang, Rodney B. Finzel, and Douglas H. Teramura, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109. 7838 a) G. Hofle, W. Steglich, H. Vorbruggen., Angrew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1978, 17, 569, b) A. Hassner, L. R. Krepski, V. Alexanian, Tetrahedron, 1978, 34, 2069 P. A. Procopiu, S. P. D. Baugh, S. S. Flack, G. G. A. Inglis, J. Org., Chem., 1998, 63, 2342 a) K. Ishihara, M. Kubota, H. Kurihara, H. Yamamoto, J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 4560, b) K. Ishihara, M. Kubota, H. Kurihara, H. Yamamoto, J Am.Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 4413 K. K. Chauhan, C. G. Frost, I. Love, D. Waite, Synlett, 1999, 1743 J. Otera, A. Orita, C. Tanahashi, A. Kakuta, Angrew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2000, 39, 2877 K. Ishihara, M. Kubota, Synlett, 1996, 265 CT. Chen, JH. Kuo, CH. Li, NB Barhate, SW. Hon, TW. Li, SD. Chao, CC. Liu, YC. Li, IH. Chang, JS. Lin, CJ. Liu and YC. Chou , Org. Lett., 2001, 3, 3729 S. Kobayashi, S. Nagayama, T. Busujima, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 8287

  Thus, in the conventional method, in the case of acylation, a catalyst and an organic solvent are required. Therefore, in the separation operation after the reaction, removal of the catalyst, the organic solvent and the carboxylic acid is necessary for the product quality. The water layer after the operation tends to be waste, which causes a problem of waste liquid. Furthermore, in consideration of the influence on the environment and harmfulness to living organisms, and the safety of foods and pharmaceuticals that are orally administered by humans, higher separation of catalysts and organic solvents is required. The cost required for these advanced separations is comparable to that of the synthesis operation, and it is desirable not to use a catalyst and an organic solvent. In view of the above, in this technical field, an acyl compound that is simple, low-cost, environment-reduction-type synthesis process, can be easily separated, and can highly separate reaction system components, and no catalyst or organic solvent remains. There has been a strong demand for a synthesis method that enables continuous synthesis of.

  Under such circumstances, in view of the prior art, the present inventors have developed a new synthesis method capable of continuously synthesizing the acyl compound by a simple high-speed synthesis process that is low in cost and friendly to the environment. As a result of intensive research with the goal of developing a high-temperature, high-pressure water, subcritical water, or supercritical water as a reaction solvent, an acyl compound can be synthesized from carboxylic anhydride and heterohydride without catalyst. After finding out what can be done and further research, the present invention has been completed. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of continuously synthesizing an acyl compound from a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride under a non-catalytic condition under a short reaction condition, an apparatus thereof, and a reaction composition thereof. is there.

  The present invention for solving the above problems is characterized in that a reaction composition synthesized by a reaction of a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride has no residual catalyst and organic solvent and is biocompatible. A compound composition. This acyl compound composition is a reaction product from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a hetero hydride, and is characterized by having no catalyst or organic solvent remaining and having biocompatibility. Further, the present invention provides a method for synthesizing an acyl compound from a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride, using a high-temperature and high-pressure subcritical fluid or supercritical fluid as a reaction solvent, and without using a catalyst and an organic solvent. It is characterized in that an acyl compound is selectively and continuously synthesized from a carboxylic acid and a heterohydride by a one-step synthesis reaction. Here, it is preferable that the hetero atom or the substituted hetero atom in the hetero hydride is oxygen (O), sulfur (S), hydrogen nitride (NH), or alkyl-substituted nitrogen (NR ′). The present invention also relates to a method for producing an acyl compound in which the temperature or the amount of carboxylic acid anhydride for improving the yield corresponds to the primary, secondary or tertiary skeleton adjacent to the reaction point of the substrate. is there.

  In addition, the method of the present invention is (1) a one-step synthesis reaction from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a heterohydride without using an organic solvent and a catalyst, using a subcritical or supercritical fluid in a high temperature and high pressure state as a reaction solvent. Selectively synthesizing an acyl compound, (2) using a subcritical or supercritical fluid in a high temperature and high pressure state as a reaction solvent, (3) a subcritical fluid having a temperature of 100 to 400 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 to 40 MPa. Using a supercritical fluid as a reaction solvent, (5) using water, acetic acid, another inorganic solvent, or an organic solvent, or a mixed solvent of an inorganic solvent and an organic solvent as a subcritical fluid or supercritical fluid, (6) A preferred mode is to introduce a substrate and a reaction solvent into a flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure apparatus, and to carry out the synthesis reaction by changing the reaction time in the range of 3 to 60 seconds.

  The present invention also includes a water feed pump for feeding water, a water heating coil, a high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell, a reactant feed pump for feeding a substrate, a furnace body, and a reactant introduction for introducing the reactant into the furnace body. An acyl compound synthesizer comprising a tube, a drain line for discharging a reaction solution, a cooling flange, and a back pressure valve for setting a pressure. Furthermore, the present invention, after acylation by the above method, decantation by injecting water into the recovered aqueous solution, separating into an oil / water bilayer solution, and separating and recovering the oil layer containing the acyl compound, Is a simple continuous separation method of reaction system components characterized by separating and recovering acetic acid and water by azeotropic distillation.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
According to the present invention, in the synthesis of an acyl compound, an acyl compound is converted from a carboxylic acid anhydride of Chemical Formula 1 and a heterohydride of Chemical Formula 2 into a acyl compound as shown in Chemical Formula 3 in a one-step reaction process without adding a catalyst. It is characterized by being synthesized selectively and continuously under the reaction conditions of In the present invention, a subcritical fluid or a supercritical fluid having a temperature of 100 to 400 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 to 40 MPa is used as a solvent for the reaction, and subcritical water is preferably used. The reaction conditions are preferably a temperature of 200 to 250 ° C., a pressure of 5 MPa, a reaction time of 60 seconds or less, preferably 3 to 60 seconds, and more preferably about 10 seconds. Adjusted. In the formula of R 1, R is an alkyl group and a substituent containing a hetero atom other than an alkyl group. In the formula of R 2, R 1, R 2 and R 3 are substituents containing a hetero atom other than an alkyl group and an alkyl group. And Q is carbon, a heteroatom other than carbon, or a substituted heteroatom. Q ₁ is a hetero atom or a substituted hetero atom, specifically oxygen (O), sulfur (S), hydrogen nitride (NH), or alkyl-substituted nitrogen (NR ′).

  In the present invention, the substrate and the reaction solvent are introduced into a reaction vessel, and a synthesis reaction is performed in a predetermined reaction time. Therefore, as the reactor, for example, a batch-type high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel and a continuous flow-type high-temperature high-pressure reactor can be used, but the present invention is particularly limited to the types of these reactors. Not a thing.

  In the method of the present invention, the subcritical fluid and supercritical fluid in the high temperature and high pressure state are used as the reaction solvent. Specifically, subcritical carbon dioxide (normal temperature or higher, 0.1 MPa or higher), subcritical water is used. (100 ° C. or higher, 0.1 MPa or higher), subcritical methanol (100 ° C. or higher, 0.1 MPa or higher), subcritical ethanol (100 ° C. or higher, 0.1 MPa or higher), supercritical carbon dioxide (34 ° C. or higher, 7. 38 MPa or more), supercritical water (375 ° C. or more, 22 MPa or more), supercritical methanol (239 ° C. or more, 8.1 MPa or more), supercritical ethanol (241 ° C. or more, 6.1 MPa or more), a mixed solvent in the same state It is illustrated and subcritical water (200-250 degreeC, 5 Mpa or more) is used suitably. As the reaction solvent, an organic solvent or an inorganic solvent other than the above can be contained in any ratio. Specifically, as the organic solvent, a reaction solvent containing acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran or the like, and as an inorganic solvent, acetic acid is used. It is also possible to substitute a reaction solution containing ammonia or the like.

  In the present invention, by adjusting the composition of the reaction solvent of the subcritical fluid and supercritical fluid, the temperature and pressure conditions, the type and amount of the substrate used, and the reaction time, the reaction product can be efficiently produced in a short time. Can be synthesized. In the present invention, for example, a predetermined reaction product is obtained by introducing a substrate and a reaction solvent into a flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure apparatus and changing the reaction time within 60 seconds or less, preferably 3 to 60 seconds. Can be synthesized. The reaction conditions can be appropriately set depending on the starting material used, the type of the desired reaction product, and the like.

  In the method of the present invention, the synthesis of an acyl compound from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a hetero hydride, which has heretofore been performed in the presence of a catalyst, can be carried out continuously at high speed and without a catalyst. Can be made more efficient. In addition, since the catalyst of the present invention is not used at all in the method of the present invention, there is no need for post-treatment and disposal such as neutralization treatment and detoxification treatment of the solution after the reaction, and environmental load reduction can be achieved. is there. Furthermore, since the separation process after the reaction is only a stationary separation operation such as decantation, there is no need to separate and recover the catalyst and the organic solvent, and the product can be easily separated. According to the present invention, without addition of a catalyst, in a short time of about 10 seconds, when the substrate is a primary alcohol, the selectivity is 100% and the yield is 99%. When the substrate is a secondary alcohol, the selectivity is 100%. In the case of a tertiary alcohol, the selectivity is 82% or more and the yield is 75% or more, and in the case of a phenol derivative, the selectivity is 100% or more and the yield is 97% or more. Acyl compounds can be synthesized. The method for synthesizing an acyl compound of the present invention is useful, for example, as being capable of efficiently and continuously producing a large amount of a biocompatible acyl compound that can be used in perfumes, pharmaceuticals, and foods. It is.

  Conventionally, examples of acylation using a lipase or a catalyst using a subcritical fluid such as carbon dioxide or a supercritical fluid have been reported. However, there is no example that demonstrates that an acyl compound can be synthesized from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a heterohydride in a non-catalytic subcritical water process in a high yield, and the method for synthesizing an acyl compound targeted by the present invention is as follows. The effectiveness of the present invention has been demonstrated for the first time by the present inventors. In addition, acyl compounds synthesized from carboxylic acid anhydrides and heterohydrides by conventional methods have been problematic in terms of remaining catalyst and organic solvent, but are synthesized from carboxylic acid anhydrides and heterohydrides in the present invention. The reaction composition has no residual catalyst and organic solvent and has high biocompatibility, and the acyl compound composition of the present invention has advantages not found in conventional products.

  In the present invention, in order to realize a synthesis reaction of carboxylic anhydride and heterohydride under non-catalytic conditions, for example, a solution in which a substrate is previously dissolved in a solvent is fed, and a reaction process in a subcritical fluid and a supercritical fluid is performed. It is also possible to use a flow-type high-temperature high-pressure infrared spectroscopic in-situ measurement apparatus (FIG. 5) for observing the sample by infrared spectroscopic analysis using a high-temperature high-pressure infrared flow cell (FIG. 4). However, it is better to replace the high-temperature and high-pressure infrared flow cell with a windowless high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell (FIG. 6) and arrange the piping so that the reactant flow directly contacts the supercritical fluid flow. There is no problem such as leakage near the cell window in the flow cell, and the synthesis can be performed in a short time at a higher flow rate. For these reasons, in the examples described later, an apparatus equipped with this windowless high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell was used.

  Here, the windowless high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell main body (FIG. 6) can be fixed to a temperature sensor sheath (12 in FIG. 7) described below by, for example, screwing a commercially available SUS316 cloth 1. Can be built. Without measuring the temperature of the furnace body atmosphere, adjust the temperature sensor to indicate the cell temperature, and screw with the sheath fixing screw and male screw 3. The pipe 4 of SUS316 is connected to the cross 1 with a taper screw 2 with a one-ring ferrule on the cross 1. Of course, the cloth 1 can also be used as a tee by closing one flow path with an end screw.

  FIG. 7 is a reactor body portion of a flow-type high temperature and high pressure reactor equipped with a windowless high temperature and high pressure flow cell, and is a reactor main body. If this is installed in the shaded position of the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in-situ infrared spectrometer shown in Fig. 5, the infrared spectroscopy cannot be measured, but subcritical / supercritical fluid contact synthesis with variable temperature, pressure and flow rate. It can be used as a reactor. In this case, the reaction was observed by collecting the discharged aqueous solution, performing quantitative analysis from a calibration curve using a pure product by GC-FID, and performing qualitative analysis by GC / MS. It can be carried out.

  Next, the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure reactor main body of FIG. 7 will be described. Water is fed from the water feed pump 5, passes through the cooling flange 8, and then sent to the furnace body 13. After passing through the tube coil 9, it is introduced into a high temperature / high pressure flow cell 14 supported and fixed to a temperature sensor sheath 12 in which a temperature sensor 11 is inserted in a high temperature / high pressure state. On the other hand, the reactant is fed from the reactant feed pump 6, passes through the cooling flange 8, and then sent to the furnace body 13. After passing through the coiled reactant introduction tube 10, it is introduced into a high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell 14 fixed to the temperature sensor sheath 12. Further, the washing water is fed by the pump 7, passes through the pipe 16, is introduced into the tee 18, and is used for washing. The solution that has passed through the high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell passes through the piping 17, then passes through the cooling flange 8, and passes outside the furnace body while being air-cooled. Thereafter, the discharged liquid from the back pressure valve 19 that has set the pressure is collected and used as a sample. Here, in order to eliminate the influence of heating of the effluent containing the reactants and products, rapid heating is performed, the piping of the reactant introduction line 10 and the effluent line 17 is made as short as possible, and the water heating coil It is desirable to make 9 as long as possible. The present invention is not limited to these, and any reaction apparatus having the same effect as these can be used in the same manner.

The present invention has the following effects.
(1) An acyl compound can be synthesized continuously at high speed from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a heterohydride.
(2) An acyl compound synthesis process without using a catalyst and an organic solvent can be realized.
(3) Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly safe biocompatible acyl compound composition having no catalyst and organic solvent remaining and not harmful to the living body.
(4) When the product does not dissolve in water, water is injected into the discharged oil-water dispersion aqueous solution to separate the oil and water into two layers while washing, thereby easily producing a high-purity product. Can be recovered.
(5) As a new mass production process of a biocompatible acyl compound useful as a fragrance, a medicine, and a food, a new production technique that can replace the existing production process can be provided.

  EXAMPLES Next, although this invention is demonstrated concretely based on an Example, this invention is not limited at all by the following Examples.

Examples 1-9
In the present example, the effect of temperature was examined with the synthesis conditions being constant under the conditions of no catalyst, a pressure of 5 MPa, and a residence time of 9.9 seconds. First, pure water is sent at a flow rate of 5.0 ml / min to the apparatus in which the main body (main part) of the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure reactor shown in FIG. 7 is installed in the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in situ infrared spectrometer shown in FIG. Submerged and set to a predetermined temperature and a pressure of 5 MPa to obtain subsupercritical water. Thereafter, toluene was added as an internal standard (5 mol% of benzyl alcohol), and 0.5 ml / min of a mixed solution of acetic anhydride / benzyl alcohol (molar ratio: 1.1 / 1) was pumped (aqueous solution after mixing) Concentration: 0.53 mol / kg).

  1 ml of the aqueous solution discharged from the back pressure valve 40 minutes after the substrate feeding was collected. When the internal volume of the pipe from the heating furnace to the back pressure valve outlet was the reaction volume, the reaction time was 9.9 seconds. 1 ml of acetone was added to 1 ml of the collected aqueous solution and shaken, and the composition was determined by GC / MS analyzer (HP 6890, Hewlett Packard, column HP-5, inlet temperature 150 ° C., initial column temperature 60 ° C. (retention time 2 Min), a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and a final column temperature of 250 ° C. (holding time 2 minutes)), and the obtained mass spectrum was confirmed with a Willy database with a concordance of 90% or higher. In addition, quantification and qualitativeness in the presence of commercially available reagents are GC-FID (GC 6890, Agilent DB DB-WAX, inlet temperature 230 ° C., split ratio 5.61, initial column temperature 50 ° C. with toluene as an internal standard ( Holding time 0.5 minutes), temperature rising rate 20 ° C./min, final column temperature 230 ° C. (holding time 3 minutes)).

  As a result of examining nine temperatures of 25 ° C., 50 ° C., 100 ° C., 125 ° C., 150 ° C., 200 ° C., 250 ° C., 300 ° C., and 350 ° C., the yield of benzyl acetate was 99% at a temperature of 200 ° C. At this time, benzyl acetate (BnOAc) was obtained with a conversion of 99% and a selectivity of 100%. Acetic acid was a yield of 120%. The results are shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. In addition, (100% -BnOH%) means benzyl alcohol (BnOH) consumed in the reaction, and corresponds well with the yield of benzyl acetate at around 150 to 200 ° C.

  In addition, the obtained aqueous solution of the product is clouded in an oil-water dispersion state, but when water is injected at 20 ml / min for 3 minutes and decanted, it becomes an oil-water two-layer solution, and benzyl acetate not containing acetic acid is added to the lower oil layer. An aqueous acetic acid solution was obtained in the upper aqueous phase (confirmed by GC). This means that when the product does not dissolve in water, it is possible to separate the acyl compound and the aqueous acetic acid solution by changing water into two layers by further injecting water into the oil-water dispersion aqueous solution after completion of the reaction. Show. Since an acetic acid aqueous solution does not contain a catalyst or organic solvent, it can be fractionated into water and glacial acetic acid by azeotropic distillation by adding a compound that forms an azeotropic compound with acetic acid (for example, tertiary butyl acetate). Therefore, it is not necessary to perform rectification that requires enormous energy.

Example 10
In this example, the synthesis conditions were constant under the conditions of no catalyst, a temperature of 200 ° C., a pressure of 5 MPa, and a residence time of 9.9 seconds. The main body (main part) of the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure reactor shown in FIG. 7 is set in the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in situ infrared spectrometer shown in FIG. None The connection hole of the cell (tee 1) with the piping coil 9 is closed at the end, the flow path to the piping coil 9 is closed by the pump 5, and pure water is sent to the tee 18 outside the furnace body at a flow rate of 5.0 ml / min. Liquid. Thereafter, toluene was added as an internal standard (5 mol% of benzyl alcohol), and 0.5 ml / min of a mixed solution of acetic anhydride / benzyl alcohol (molar ratio: 1.1 / 1) was pumped (aqueous solution after mixing) Concentration: 0.53 mol / kg).

  1 ml of the aqueous solution discharged from the back pressure valve 40 minutes after the substrate feeding was collected. When the internal volume of the pipe from the heating furnace to the back pressure valve outlet was the reaction volume, the reaction time was 9.9 seconds. 1 ml of acetone was added to 1 ml of the collected aqueous solution and shaken, and the composition was determined by GC / MS analyzer (HP 6890, Hewlett Packard, column HP-5, inlet temperature 150 ° C., initial column temperature 60 ° C. (retention time 2 Min), a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and a final column temperature of 250 ° C. (holding time 2 minutes)), and the obtained mass spectrum was confirmed with a Willy database with a concordance of 90% or higher. In addition, quantification and qualitativeness in the presence of commercially available reagents are GC-FID (GC 6890, Agilent DB DB-WAX, inlet temperature 230 ° C., split ratio 5.61, initial column temperature 50 ° C. with toluene as an internal standard ( Holding time 0.5 minutes), temperature rising rate 20 ° C./min, final column temperature 230 ° C. (holding time 3 minutes)).

  As a result, benzyl acetate was obtained with a conversion rate of 88%, a selectivity of 100%, and a yield of 88%. The result is shown in FIG. 11 at 11).

Example 11
In this example, acylation was carried out in a batch reactor for comparison with a flow reactor. As shown in FIG. 8, a SUS316 tube (40) having an outer diameter of 1/2 inch and a wall thickness of 1.65 mm, one with a Swagelock 1/2 inch cap (41) and the other end with a temperature sensor (42). The inserted Swagelock 1 / 16-1 / 2 inch union (43) was attached to form a batch-type reaction tube (internal volume 10.0 cm ³ ). To this, 8.69 g of water, 0.415 g of benzyl alcohol and 0.435 g of acetic anhydride were added so as to be 200 ° C. and 5 MPa, and immediately immersed in a salt bath (potassium nitrate / sodium nitrate = 1/1). After obtaining the temperature course of FIG. 9, 15 seconds after reaching 200 ° C. (80 seconds after immersion in the salt bath), it was removed from the salt bath, immersed in ice water and quenched to stop the reaction.

  1 ml of acetone is added to 1 ml of the collected aqueous solution and shaken, and the composition is determined by GC / MS analyzer (HP 6890 manufactured by Hewlett Packard, column HP-5, inlet temperature 150 ° C., initial column temperature 60 ° C. (holding time 2 minutes)) The temperature was increased at a rate of 10 ° C./min and the final column temperature was 250 ° C. (holding time 2 minutes). The obtained mass spectrum was confirmed by the Willy database with a coincidence of 90% or higher. In addition, quantification and qualitativeness in the presence of commercially available reagents are GC-FID (GC 6890, Agilent DB DB-WAX, inlet temperature 230 ° C., split ratio 5.61, initial column temperature 50 ° C. with toluene as an internal standard ( Holding time 0.5 minutes), temperature rising rate 20 ° C./min, final column temperature 230 ° C. (holding time 3 minutes)).

  As a result, benzyl acetate was obtained with a conversion of 18%, a selectivity of 95%, and a yield of 17%. The result is shown in FIG.

Examples 12-48
In this example, acylation was carried out using various substrates. The synthesis conditions were constant under the conditions of no catalyst, a pressure of 5 MPa, and a residence time of 9.9 seconds, and suitable conditions of temperature and carboxylic acid anhydride amount were determined. First, pure water is sent at a flow rate of 5.0 ml / min to the apparatus in which the main body (main part) of the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure reactor shown in FIG. 7 is installed in the flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in situ infrared spectrometer shown in FIG. Submerged and set to a predetermined temperature and a pressure of 5 MPa to obtain subsupercritical water. Thereafter, when the substrate is not compatible with solid or carboxylic anhydride, acetic acid is added to dissolve the substrate, and toluene is added as an internal standard (5 mol% of the substrate). Acetic anhydride / substrate / acetic acid (molar ratio) : 1.1-40 / 1 / 0-45) 0.5 ml / min of the mixed solution was fed by a pump (aqueous solution concentration after mixing: 0.01-0.53 mol / kg).

  After the feeding, 1 ml of the aqueous solution discharged from the back pressure valve 40 minutes later was collected. When the internal volume of the pipe from the heating furnace to the back pressure valve outlet was the reaction volume, the reaction time was 9.9 seconds. 1 ml of acetone was added to 1 ml of the collected aqueous solution and shaken, and the composition was determined by GC / MS analyzer (HP 6890, Hewlett Packard, column HP-5, inlet temperature 150 ° C., initial column temperature 60 ° C. (retention time 2 Min), a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and a final column temperature of 250 ° C. (holding time 2 minutes)), and the obtained mass spectrum was confirmed with a Willy database with a concordance of 90% or higher. In addition, quantification and qualitativeness in the presence of commercially available reagents are GC-FID (GC 6890, Agilent DB DB-WAX, inlet temperature 230 ° C., split ratio 5.61, initial column temperature 50 ° C. with toluene as an internal standard ( Holding time 0.5 minutes), temperature rising rate 20 ° C./min, final column temperature 230 ° C. (holding time 3 minutes)).

  The results when the substrate is alcohol are shown in Tables 1-4. Table 1 shows acylation of benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol derivatives, Table 2 shows acylation of aliphatic alcohol, furfuryl alcohol, propargyl alcohol derivatives, methyl lactic acid having a carboxylic acid group, and citric acid, and Table 3 shows phenol derivatives. Table 4 shows the acylation of terpene alcohol derivatives. From this result, the best reaction conditions strongly depend on the chemical structure of the substrate, and in the case of a primary alcohol, 1.1 molar equivalent of carboxylic anhydride to the substrate, temperature 200 ° C., pressure 5 MPa, The corresponding acyl compounds were obtained with a selectivity of 100% and a yield of 99% under the conditions of a residence time of 9.9 seconds (Examples 10, 13, 22, 27, 39). In the case of a secondary alcohol, the selectivity is 100% and the yield is 98% under the conditions of 1.1 mol equivalent of carboxylic anhydride, temperature 225 ° C., pressure 5 MPa, residence time 9.9 seconds with respect to the substrate. The corresponding acyl compound was thus obtained (Examples 24, 41, 43).

  In the case of a phenol derivative, the corresponding acyl compound with a selectivity of 100% and a yield of 97% or more under the conditions of 1.1 molar equivalent of carboxylic anhydride, temperature 250 ° C., pressure 5 MPa, residence time 9.9 seconds. Obtained (Examples 34, 35, 37, 38). However, in the case of a tertiary alcohol, since a hydroxyl group or an acyl group is easily detached at a temperature of 225 ° C. or higher and a pressure of 5 MPa or higher, an olefin derivative is easily generated. Therefore, by adding 4 mol equivalent or more of carboxylic anhydride and performing the reaction under the conditions of a lower temperature of 200 ° C., a pressure of 5 MPa, and a residence time of 9.9 seconds, the selectivity is 82 to 99% and the yield is 75 to 99% of the corresponding acyl compound was obtained (Examples 19, 26, 31, 32, 46, 48).

  From the above examples, it became clear that acyl compounds can be synthesized in high yield without catalyst using high-temperature and high-pressure water as a reaction solvent. After acylation, water is injected into the recovered aqueous solution and decanted. After separation into an oil / water bilayer solution, the oil layer containing the acyl compound is separated and recovered, while acetic acid and water are azeotroped from the aqueous layer. It became clear that a simple continuous separation method of separating and recovering by distillation was also feasible.

  As described above in detail, the present invention provides a method for synthesizing an acyl compound without catalyst without using an organic solvent from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a hetero hydride using a high-temperature and high-pressure fluid as a reaction solvent, an apparatus thereof, and a reaction thereof. According to the conventional method, the synthesis of an acyl compound from a heterohydride and a carboxylic acid anhydride had to be carried out by adding a catalyst to an organic solvent and performing the reaction for several hours. Then, by using a subcritical fluid or a supercritical fluid, it is possible to synthesize an acyl compound continuously at a high speed without adding a catalyst and without using an organic solvent. This brings about the merit that acyl compounds having biocompatibility useful as perfumes, pharmaceuticals, and foods can be continuously produced in large quantities in a short time. After acylation, water is injected into the recovered aqueous solution and decanted. After separation into an oil / water bilayer solution, the oil layer containing the acyl compound is separated and recovered, while acetic acid and water are azeotroped from the aqueous layer. By simple continuous separation of reaction system components separated and recovered by distillation, it is possible to separate glacial acetic acid and water and recycle the water. From these facts, it is possible to compress the initial cost and running cost of the process by simplifying the synthesis / separation process. Furthermore, in the present invention, post-treatment of the neutralization treatment is unnecessary, and environmentally conscious production is possible. The present invention can replace an existing production process as a new mass production process of a biocompatible acyl compound useful as, for example, a fragrance, a pharmaceutical, or a food.

This shows acylation of heterohydride using a catalyst / organic solvent. The post-process flowchart of acylation using a catalyst and an organic solvent is shown. The post-process flowchart of acylation using a non-catalyst and a water solvent is shown. 1 shows a high temperature high pressure infrared flow cell. 1 shows a flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in-situ infrared spectrometer used in the examples. 1 shows a high temperature and high pressure flow cell without windows. The main part of the flow-type high temperature / high pressure reactor used in the examples is shown. The batch type reactor used in the Example is shown. The temperature course inside and outside the batch reactor in the examples is shown. The temperature dependence of acylation in an Example is shown. A comparison of acylation under each condition of batch-type subcritical water, flow-type solventless, and flow-type subcritical water in Examples is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tee or cloth (one side opening φ4mm threaded)
2 φ4mm × 5.0mmL hexagon screw 3 Male screw with one ring ferrule 4 SUS316 tube 5 Water feed pump 6 Reactant feed pump 7 Washing water feed pump 8 Cooling flange (cooling water circulates)
9 Water heating coil 10 Reactant introduction pipe 11 Temperature sensor 12 Temperature sensor sheath 13 Furnace body 14 High-temperature high-pressure flow cell (Tee type for normal temperature rise, cross-type for rapid temperature rise)
15 ZnSe window 16 Solvent introduction pipe 17 Discharge pipe 18 Tee 19 Back pressure valve 21 Aqueous solution 22 Washing water 23 Aqueous solution pump 24 Cleaning pure water feed pump 25 Furnace heating system 26 Furnace 27 High-temperature high-pressure infrared flow cell 28 Cooling water (inlet) )
29 Cooling water (exit)
30 Back pressure valve 31 Discharged aqueous solution receiver 32 Movable mirror 33 Movable mirror 34 Interferometer 35 Light source 36 Infrared laser 37 MCT light receiver 38 TGS light receiver 39 Analysis monitor 40 SUS316 tube 41 Cap 42 Temperature sensor 43 Union

Claims (10)

  An acyl compound composition characterized in that a reaction composition synthesized by a reaction of a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride has no compatibility with a catalyst and an organic solvent and has biocompatibility.   A process for synthesizing an acyl compound from a carboxylic acid anhydride and a heterohydride, comprising using a subcritical or supercritical fluid in a high temperature and high pressure state as a reaction solvent.   The method according to claim 2, wherein in the method, an acyl compound is selectively synthesized from a carboxylic anhydride and a heterohydride by a one-step synthesis reaction without using a catalyst.   The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the heteroatom or substituted heteroatom in the heterohydride is oxygen (O), sulfur (S), hydrogen nitride (NH), or alkyl-substituted nitrogen (NR ').   The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the primary or secondary or tertiary skeleton adjacent to the reaction point of the substrate is associated with a temperature or carboxylic anhydride content condition for improving the yield.   The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a subcritical fluid or supercritical fluid having a temperature of 100 to 400 ° C and a pressure of 0.1 to 40 MPa is used as a reaction solvent.   The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein water, acetic acid, other inorganic solvent, or organic solvent, or a mixed solvent of an inorganic solvent and an organic solvent is used as the subcritical fluid or supercritical fluid.   The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the synthesis reaction is carried out by introducing a substrate and a reaction solvent into a flow-type high-temperature and high-pressure apparatus and changing the reaction time in the range of 3 to 60 seconds.   Water feed pump for feeding water, coil for water heating, high-temperature and high-pressure flow cell, reactant feed pump for feeding substrate, furnace body, reactant introduction pipe for introducing reactant into the furnace body, discharging reaction solution An acyl compound synthesizing apparatus comprising a drain line for cooling, a cooling flange, and a back pressure valve for setting a pressure.   After acylation by the method according to claim 2 or 3, water is injected into the recovered aqueous solution and decanted, and after separation into an oil / water bilayer solution, an oil layer containing an acyl compound is separated and recovered, while an aqueous layer Is a simple continuous separation method of reaction system components characterized in that acetic acid and water are separated and recovered by azeotropic distillation.

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