JP2007199967A - Active rfid tag and security system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an active RFID tag which can be authenticated at a security gate while being stored in a bag or the like, enables the location of the tag and a person holding the tag to be accurately measured and to be notified to a manager, and to provide a security system using the active RFID tag. <P>SOLUTION: The active RFID is provided with a memory 4, a CPU 5 for controlling the transmission/reception of information by a low frequency radio communication circuit 2 and a high frequency radio communication circuit 3 and a battery power source 6 for supplying driving power to each means. The CPU 5 compares gate identification information received by the low frequency radio communication circuit 2 with the gate identification information of permission provisions registered in the memory 4 when the person passes the security gate means 11 arranged in a monitor zone, and when those information are matched, the CPU transmits passage permission information by the low frequency radio communication circuit 2, and transmits the tag identification information registered in the memory 4 in the monitor zone and the gate identification information of the security gate means 11 through which the person has passed by the high frequency radio communication circuit 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an active RFID tag and a security system, and relates to a technique for controlling a security gate using an active RFID tag and a technique for informing tag position information and the like.

  Conventional RFID (Radio Frequency-Identification), that is, automatic recognition technology for exchanging data by wireless communication, uses a reader / writer (antenna + controller) and an RFID tag incorporating an IC chip capable of storing information in an electronic circuit. There are active RFID and passive RFID depending on whether or not an additional energy source such as a battery or an external power source is used to operate the RFID tag.

  Many RFID tags have a built-in CMOS chip consisting of an IC memory and a communication circuit and an ultra-small antenna. They do not have a built-in power supply. We are communicating.

  As a technique using this RFID tag, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. This is because RFID tags are arranged in various places such as buildings and shops, road display boards, sidewalks, roads, etc., and information stored in the RFID tags is received wirelessly by the RFID reader, and the RFID reader's current status is received through the received information. Position information is extracted.

In addition, what is described in Patent Document 2 is to prevent the wireless tag device from interfering with the communication of other wireless tag devices, providing a deep sleep state as an operation mode of the RFID tag, and shifting to the deep sleep state. Thus, the RFID tag is brought into a non-responsive state, and the communication is prevented from being interrupted while the reader is communicating with another tag.
JP 2005-189225 A JP-A-2005-102215

  By the way, the characteristics of the RFID tag differ depending on the frequency band to be used, and the passive RFID tag can be used semi-permanently because it does not require a power source, but the transmission range becomes narrow because of wireless communication in a low frequency band. On the other hand, since the active RFID tag communicates wirelessly in a high frequency band, it can be used in a wide transmission range without being affected by external factors, but the life of the tag is shortened because the battery power is consumed.

  There is the following problem in constructing such a security system that uses a conventional RFID tag to control security gates and notify location information in a wide range indoors and outdoors.

  In the device described in Patent Document 1, RFID tags are arranged in various places such as buildings and shops, road display boards, sidewalks, roads, etc., and information stored in the RFID tags by an operator is received by the operator and position information is received. Is a navigation system that knows its position, and active RFID tags with battery life cannot be used for RFID tags placed on buildings and shops, road signs, sidewalks, roads, etc., semi-permanently It is essential to use a passive RFID tag that can be used effectively.

  For this reason, it is necessary to arrange a large number of passive RFID tags in the target region at short distance intervals. Further, since the position information is extracted based on information stored in the RFID tag, for example, what number and what address, the position information indicates a certain range, and an accurate position cannot be specified. This is effective in a navigation system in which the operator holding the RFID reader knows his / her position. However, in the security system, the administrator needs to know the exact position of the person to be monitored. A function for notifying the manager of the position information is required.

  Conversely, when transmitting location information using an active RFID tag with a wide transmission range, the radio signal transmitted from the active RFID tag is not only the reception antenna on the floor where the active RFID tag exists, Since it is also received by the receiving antennas on the lower and lower floors, it is difficult to specify the position.

  In a security system that controls the opening and closing of security gates provided at entrances and exits of buildings and facilities using passive RFID tags, the transmission range is narrow, so information is read by holding the passive RFID tag close to the reader. This is a so-called touch and go method. In this system, when passing through the security gate, the operator needs to take out the tag from the bag and hold it over the reader and store the tag in the bag after passing through the security gate.

  The present invention constructs a security system using an active RFID tag, enables authentication at the security gate with the tag stored in a bag, and accurately measures the position of the tag and the person holding the tag. It is an object of the present invention to provide an active RFID tag and a security system that can notify an administrator.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an active RFID tag according to the present invention as claimed in claim 1 is a low-frequency wireless communication means for transmitting / receiving a low-frequency wireless signal, a high-frequency wireless communication means for transmitting / receiving a high-frequency wireless signal, and a tag Storage means for registering unique tag identification information and gate identification information of passable gates as permission clauses, control means for controlling transmission / reception of information by low-frequency wireless communication means and high-frequency wireless communication means, Power supply means for supplying drive power, and the control means, when passing through the security gate means arranged in the monitoring area, the gate identification information received by the low-frequency wireless communication means, and the permission clause registered in the storage means Compared with the gate identification information, when they match, the passage permission information is transmitted by the low-frequency wireless communication means and stored in the storage means in the monitoring area. Gate identification information of the recording tag identification information and passes the security gate means is to transmit a high-frequency wireless communication means.

  The active RFID tag of the present invention according to claim 2 is a normal state in which the control means, the storage means, the low-frequency wireless communication means, and the high-frequency wireless communication means are supplied with normal power enabling full work from the power supply means. And a power saving state in which the minimum power that enables the minimum operation from the power supply means is changed, and when outside the monitoring area, the control means, the storage means, the low frequency wireless communication means, the high frequency wireless When the communication means transitions to the sleep mode where the power saving state is entered and enters the monitoring area, the trigger signal is received by the low frequency wireless communication means and the trigger mode is set. Various information including the tag solid information from the tag is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication means at regular intervals, after which various information is transmitted by at least one of the low-frequency wireless communication means and the high-frequency wireless communication means. It is to transition to the autonomous transmission mode to transmit the.

  An active RFID tag according to a third aspect of the present invention has a vibration sensor that detects vibrations generated by the movement of a monitoring subject holding the tag, and the control means detects vibrations of the tag. While continuing, the fact that the monitoring subject holding the tag is moving is transmitted by the high frequency wireless communication means as movement information.

  The active RFID tag of the present invention described in claim 4 has a tilt sensor that detects the posture of the tag, and the control means detects the tag when the tilt sensor detects that the tag has fallen. Abnormal information is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication means and an abnormality notification means is activated to issue an alarm of at least one of sound and light, assuming that an abnormal situation has occurred in the monitoring subject to be held.

  The active RFID tag of the present invention described in claim 5 has an abnormality notifying means and an emergency switch means for notifying an abnormality, and the control means provides a monitoring target person holding the tag when the emergency switch means is activated. Abnormal information is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication means that an abnormal situation has occurred, and the abnormality notifying means is activated to issue an alarm of at least one of sound and light.

  A security system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes an active RFID tag according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, and transmits gate identification information as a trigger signal to the active RFID tag using a low-frequency radio signal. Security gate means for receiving passage permission information as a response signal from the RFID tag by at least one of a low-frequency radio signal and a high-frequency radio signal, and a high-frequency radio signal arranged at a predetermined plurality of locations in the monitoring area and transmitted from the active RFID tag And a monitoring unit that receives the output signal output from the wireless signal receiving unit and detects the current position of the monitoring subject.

  According to the security system of the present invention as set forth in claim 7, the security gate means has a plurality of gates, and one of the adjacent gates transmits gate identification information as a trigger signal as a low frequency radio signal. In the meantime, the jamming signal for interference control is transmitted as a low-frequency radio signal at the other gate.

  In the security system of the present invention described in claim 8, the monitoring unit measures the distance between each radio signal receiving unit and the active RFID tag based on the magnitude of the reception level received by each radio signal receiving unit. The current position of the active RFID tag is calculated based on the measured separation distance.

In the security system according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the monitoring means includes notification means for notifying the monitor of the current position of the detected active RFID tag.
In the security system of the present invention described in claim 10, the gate identification information is transmitted by the master-slave method.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when an active RFID tag passes through the security gate means, the gate identification information of the permission clause registered in the tag storage means matches the gate identification information received from the security gate means. When this is done, the passage permission information is transmitted to the security gate means to pass through the gate. At this time, the active RFID tag communicates with the low-frequency wireless communication means using a low-frequency signal such as 22 kH, so that the security gate means can be authenticated even when the tag is stored in a bag or the like.

  In addition, when the security gate means has a plurality of gates, the gate identification information is transmitted as a trigger signal as a trigger signal in one of the adjacent gates while the other gate is used for interference control. By transmitting this jamming signal as a low-frequency radio signal, it is possible to prevent interference at each gate and realize quick hands-free passage through the gate.

  Also, the RFID identification signal registered in the storage means by the active RFID tag and the gate identification information of the security gate means passed by the high-frequency wireless communication means are transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication means, and the high-frequency wireless signals arranged at a plurality of predetermined locations in the monitoring area By receiving the high-frequency radio signal transmitted from the active RFID tag by the receiving means and receiving the output signal output from the high-frequency radio signal receiving means by the monitoring means, the monitor can detect the current monitoring target from the tag identification information and the gate identification information. The position can be recognized.

  Further, the monitoring unit measures the separation distance between each high-frequency wireless signal receiving unit and the active RFID tag based on the magnitude of the reception level received by each high-frequency wireless signal receiving unit, and based on the measured separation distance, By calculating the current position of the active RFID tag, the current position of the monitoring subject can be accurately detected.

  In addition, since the monitoring unit includes a notifying unit that notifies the current position of the detected active RFID tag to the monitoring person, the monitoring person can recognize the current position of the monitoring target person in a remote place away from the monitoring means. .

  In addition, the control unit detects the vibration of the tag by the vibration sensor, and transmits the movement information indicating that the monitoring target person holding the tag is moving by the high-frequency wireless communication unit, so that the monitoring unit moves the monitoring target person. It is possible to monitor the stop and stop, and when the monitoring subject remains, the mode is changed to a mode for suppressing power consumption.

  In addition, the control device detects the tilt of the tag by the tilt sensor, and transmits the abnormal information to the monitoring target person holding the tag by the high frequency wireless communication means that the monitoring target person recognizes that the monitoring target recognizes the monitoring target person The rescuer can be sent promptly to the current location.

  In addition, the monitoring target recognizes the monitoring unit by activating the emergency switch unit and transmitting the abnormality information by the high-frequency wireless communication unit and activating the abnormality notification unit to issue a sound or light alarm. A rescuer can be quickly sent to the current position of the subject person, and an abnormality can be notified to those around the subject person to be monitored.

  Further, when the active RFID tag is outside the monitoring area, the power supply unit suppresses the power consumption by transitioning to the sleep mode and entering the monitoring area to the trigger mode or the spontaneous transmission mode. Can extend the lifespan.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, an active RFID tag 1 includes, for example, a low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2 that transmits and receives a low-frequency wireless signal of 22 kHz, a high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 that transmits and receives a high-frequency wireless signal of 426 MH, and the like. Memory 4 serving as storage means for registering unique tag identification information and gate identification information of passable gates as permission clauses, and control means for controlling transmission / reception of information by the low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2 and the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 CPU 5 as a power source, a battery power source 6 serving as a power source for supplying driving power for each circuit, a vibration sensor 7 for detecting vibrations caused by the movement of a monitoring subject holding the tag, and a posture of the tag. Inclination sensor 8, at least one of buzzer and lamp 9 as abnormality notification means for notifying abnormality, and pressing as emergency switch means And it includes a button 10.

  The active RFID tag 1 includes a normal state in which normal power that allows the CPU 5, the memory 4, the low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2, and the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 to perform sufficient work from the battery power source 6, and from the battery power source 6. It changes to the power saving state in which the minimum electric power enabling the minimum operation is supplied.

  When the active RFID tag 1 is outside the monitoring area, the CPU 5, the memory 4, the low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2, and the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 shift to a sleep mode in which the power-saving state is entered and enter the monitoring area. In addition, the low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2 receives the trigger signal and enters the trigger mode and the spontaneous transmission mode in which its own ID is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless at every subsequent period. In the trigger mode and the spontaneous transmission mode, the CPU 5 and the memory 4 are in a normal state, and at least one of the low-frequency wireless communication circuit 2 and the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 is in a normal state depending on the situation.

  The security system using the active RFID tag 1 includes a security gate unit 11, a radio receiver 12 serving as a radio signal receiving unit, and a monitoring device 13 serving as a monitoring unit.

  The security gate means 11 includes a trigger signal transmission antenna 14, a response signal reception antenna 15, a transmission circuit (not shown), and a reception circuit (not shown), and is connected to the monitoring device 13 via a signal line. The antenna is generally a ceiling type that is placed on the ceiling or a floor embedded type that is embedded in the floor. However, a vertical antenna may be used, and the type of antenna is not limited. In this case, the response signal receiving antenna is assumed to be a low-frequency signal, but it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if this response signal is transmitted by high-frequency radio.

  In this embodiment, the security gate means 11 transmits a trigger signal of a burst wave from the trigger signal transmission antenna 14 as a low frequency radio signal of 22 kHz, and the trigger signal is used to identify the gate as a trigger signal to the active RFID tag 1. Send information. When the security gate means 11 constitutes one gate, it is possible to transmit the gate identification information by a continuous wave.

  The response signal receiving antenna 15 receives the passage permission information or the passage non-permission information as a response signal from the active RFID tag 1 using a low-frequency radio signal (4 kH or the like) different from the low-frequency radio signal for transmission (22 kH). . In this case, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by transmitting the passage permission information or the passage non-permission information from the tag as a high-frequency radio signal (426 kH) and installing the high-frequency antenna near the gate.

  Tag identification information registered in the memory 4 of the active RFID tag 1 is information including a unique number unique to each tag, and gate identification information of a passable gate registered as a permission clause is given to the security gate means 11. It is information consisting of a unique number. When the security gate means 11 has a plurality of gates as shown in FIG. 4, gate identification information is set for each gate or one gate identification information is set for the security gate means 11 including a plurality of gates. The security gate means 11 will be described in detail later.

  The radio receiver 12 is arranged at a predetermined plurality of locations in the monitoring area, has radio receiver identification information including a unique unique number, and the like, and transmits a high-frequency radio signal (426 MH) transmitted from the active RFID tag 1. The received information and its own wireless receiver identification information are transmitted to the monitoring device 13 as an output signal. The monitoring device 13 can receive an output signal output from one or more radio receivers 12 to calculate and specify the current position of the monitoring subject and display it on the monitor.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which the monitoring area expands two-dimensionally, and FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which the monitoring area expands three-dimensionally. In FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, assuming that the monitoring area is the entire building having a plurality of rooms forming a restricted area, the security gate means 11 is installed at the entrance of the building and at the entrance of each room, and the radio receiver 12 is Multiple units will be installed in the entrance of the building and in each room.

  The security gate means 11 installed at the entrance / exit of each room includes the trigger signal transmitting antenna 14 and the response signal receiving antenna 15 described above, and the security gate means 11 installed at the entrance / exit of the building has a configuration as shown in FIG. However, the response signal receiving antenna 15 may be a high-frequency wireless antenna.

  In FIG. 4, the security gate means 11 includes a plurality of gates 20, a trigger signal transmitting antenna 14 and a response signal receiving antenna 15 are arranged in each gate 20, and a door 21 that opens and closes when the monitoring subject passes. In addition, an optical-type entrance sensor 22 is provided on the entrance side, and an optical-type exit sensor 23 is provided on the exit side. In some cases, an optical human body detection IN sensor 24 and a human body detection OUT sensor 25 are provided on the IN side and the OUT side near the door in the center of the passage.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the security gate means 11 has amplifiers 26 and 27 and input / output ports 28 for each trigger signal transmitting antenna 14 and response signal receiving antenna 15, and a door control unit 29 for opening and closing the door 21. Then, it is controlled by the monitoring device (main controller) 13.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the security gate means 11 transmits a trigger signal (gate identification information) T, for example, for 105 ms by a trigger signal transmitting antenna 14 in one cycle time of 160 ms, for example, and after a 10 ms interval I, a response signal A window W for receiving the response signal R of the active RFID tag 1 by the receiving antenna 15 is opened for 10 ms.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the above-described configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, when a person 30 to be monitored holding the active RFID tag 1 enters the monitoring area, when entering the one gate 20 of the security gate means 11 installed at the doorway, an entrance sensor 22 of the gate 20 is entered. Detects the person 30 to be monitored.

  FIG. 8 shows a timing chart in the security gate means 11. The gate 20 into which the monitoring subject 30 has entered is marked with an A symbol, and adjacent gates 20 are marked with a B symbol.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 that has received the signal from the entrance sensor (A) 22 of the gate (A) 20 into which the person 30 to be monitored has entered enters the trigger signal from the trigger signal transmitting antenna (A) 14. The gate identification information is transmitted by T. This gate identification information is IDin, which is a gate ID signal for entry detection, and is information for identifying the gate, and this signal can be used to manage entry into the monitoring area. It is possible to set different gate identification information for each gate, or it is possible to set common gate identification information for all gates in one security gate means 11. The monitoring device (main controller) 13 transmits a trigger signal T for each cycle time until the response signal R of the active RFID tag 1 is received by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the period of the window W.

  The gate (B) 20 adjacent to the gate (A) 20 into which the monitoring subject 30 has entered transmits a jamming signal J for interference control in synchronization with the cycle time of the gate (A) 20. The adjacent gate cannot receive the passage permission information or the passage non-permission information as a response signal from the active RFID tag 1 due to the jamming signal J, and cannot be received. B) The opening and closing of the gate of 20 does not malfunction.

  When the active RFID tag 1 that is in the sleep mode when outside the monitoring area passes the security gate means 11 and receives the gate identification information as the trigger signal T in the low-frequency radio communication circuit 2, the active RFID tag 1 triggers from the sleep mode. Transition to mode.

  The CPU 5 compares the received gate identification information with the gate identification information of the permission clause registered in the memory 4, and if they match, the passage consisting of information permitting the opening of the door (A) 21 and information entering the monitoring area. The permission information is transmitted as a response signal R.

  The monitoring device (main controller) 13 that has received the response signal R by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the period of the window W drives the door control unit 29 to open the door (A) 21 and monitors the active RFID tag 1. Recognizing that the subject 30 has entered the monitoring area, the position of the active RFID tag 1 is tracked and recorded thereafter. The response signal at this time is at least one of a low-frequency radio signal and a high-frequency radio signal.

  When the monitoring subject 30 passes through the gate 20 and enters the monitoring area, the active RFID tag 1 periodically transmits the tag identification information registered in the memory 4 and the gate identification information of the security gate means 11 passed by the high-frequency radio communication circuit 3. Send to. During this transmission, the active RFID tag 1 transitions to the spontaneous transmission mode.

  When the active RFID tag 1 receives the gate identification information as the trigger signal T in the low frequency radio communication circuit 2 when passing through the security gate means 11 in the restricted area set in the monitoring area, the gate identification information received by the CPU 5 is received. And the gate identification information of the permission clause registered in the memory 4 are compared, and if they match, the passage permission information, which is information for permitting opening of the door (not shown) in the restricted area, is transmitted as a response signal R. .

  The monitoring device (main controller) 13 that has received the response signal R by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the window W opens the room door in the restricted area. In the present embodiment, the response signal R is a low-frequency radio signal (4 kH or the like), but can also be a high-frequency radio signal (426 kH).

  The plurality of wireless receivers 12 that have received the tag identification information and the gate identification information periodically transmitted by the active RFID tag 1 by the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 respectively transfer the information to the monitoring device 13, calculate the current location, and monitor it. Display above.

  The monitoring device 13 determines which active RFID tag 1 is located in which region from the received tag identification information and gate identification information that can be identified in a narrow range, and the monitoring target person 30 holding the active RFID tag 1 is restricted. Detects entering the area. Therefore, even if the radio receiver 12 in the restricted area such as a different floor receives the signal transmitted by the active RFID tag 1 as well as the radio receiver 12 in the restricted area where the active RFID tag 1 exists, the monitoring device 13 does not mistake the position of the person 30 to be monitored.

  Further, the monitoring device 13 measures the separation distance between each wireless receiver 12 and the active RFID tag 1 based on the magnitude of the reception level of the response signal of the active RFID tag 1 received by each wireless receiver 12. The current position of the active RFID tag is calculated based on the separated distance, and the accurate position of the monitoring target person 30 holding the active RFID tag 1 is detected and stored.

The monitoring device 13 notifies the current position of the detected active RFID tag 1 to the monitor by a notification means such as the Internet network, public line, or radio.
During this time, the active RFID tag 1 detects the vibration generated by the movement of the monitoring subject 30 holding the tag by the vibration sensor 7, and the CPU 5 detects the tag while the vibration sensor 7 continues to detect the vibration of the tag. The high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 transmits the movement information indicating that the monitoring subject 30 to be held is moving. The monitoring device 13 recognizes whether the monitoring target person 30 is moving or stays by obtaining this information. The monitoring device 13 suppresses power consumption by suppressing the transmission frequency of the tag identification information and the gate identification information transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3 while the monitoring target person 30 stays at a certain point and does not move.

  Further, the active RFID tag 1 detects that the tag is in a tilted position by the inclination sensor 8, and the CPU 5 sends abnormal information to the monitoring target person 30 holding the tag by the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3, assuming that an abnormal situation has occurred. Send. The monitoring device 13 detects the abnormality of the monitoring target person 30 by obtaining this information, and notifies the monitoring person.

  When the monitoring target 30 recognizes something abnormal such as finding an illegal intruder, when the button 10 of the active RFID tag 1 is pressed, the CPU 5 causes an abnormal condition to the monitoring target holding the tag. For example, abnormal information is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication circuit 3, and a buzzer or lamp 9 is activated to issue a sound or light alarm, and a warning is given to those around.

  When the monitoring target person 30 holding the active RFID tag 1 exits the monitoring area, when entering the one gate 20 of the security gate means 11 installed at the entrance, the exit sensor 23 detects the monitoring target person 30 by the gate 20. Then, the information is exchanged in the same procedure as when entering the monitoring area, and passes through the gate 20. The same applies when leaving the restricted area. In this case, the gate identification information transmitted in response to the trigger signal T is IDout which is a gate ID signal for detection of exit, and is information indicating exit from the monitoring area together with information for identifying the gate.

  The CPU 5 compares the received gate identification information with the gate identification information of the permission clause registered in the memory 4, and if they match, the passage permission information including the information for permitting the opening of the door 21 and the information for leaving the monitoring area is obtained. A response signal R is transmitted, and after a predetermined time sufficient to pass through the gate, a transition is made to the sleep mode.

  The monitoring device (main controller) 13 that has received the response signal R by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the window W opens the door 21 and confirms that the monitoring subject 30 holding the active RFID tag 1 has left the monitoring area. recognize.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 show the configuration of the security gate means 11 in another embodiment of the present invention. In the timing chart shown in FIG. It distinguishes by attaching | subjecting the code | symbol of B, C, and D. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the entrance sensor (A) 22 of the gate (A) 20 and the entrance sensor (B) 22 of the gate (B) 20 simultaneously detect the entry of the monitoring subject 30, and then the gate (C). When the 20 entrance sensors (C) 22 detect the entry of the person 30 to be monitored, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 that receives a signal from each sensor performs the following control.

  The monitoring device (main controller) 13 transmits gate identification information by the trigger signal T from the trigger signal transmitting antenna (A) 14 of the gate (A) 20 into which the monitoring target person 30 has entered, and receives a response signal receiving antenna during the window W period. Until the response signal R of the active RFID tag 1 is received by 15, the signal transmitted in the gate (A) 20 is changed every cycle time, and the trigger signal T and the jamming signal J of the gate identification information are alternately transmitted.

  The gate (B) 20 adjacent to the gate (A) 20 transmits a signal in synchronization with the cycle time of the gate (A) 20, and the gate (A) 20 transmits a trigger signal T for gate identification information. Sometimes, the gate (B) 20 transmits a jamming signal J for interference control, and when the gate (A) 20 transmits the jamming signal J, the gate (B) 20 transmits a trigger signal T of gate identification information. To do.

  At this time, the gate (C) 20 adjacent to the gate (B) 20 transmits a signal in synchronization with the cycle times of the gate (A) 20 and the gate (B) 20, and the gate (B) 20 triggers the trigger signal T. Is transmitted, the gate (C) 20 transmits a jamming signal J.

  When transmitting a trigger signal T of gate identification information at the gate (C) 20, the gate (B) 20 and the gate (D) 20 adjacent to the gate (C) transmit the jamming signal J for interference control, The gate (A) 20 transmits a trigger signal T of gate identification information. Since the monitoring subject 30 has not entered the gate (D) 20, the gate (D) 20 continues to transmit the jamming signal J for interference control every cycle time.

  The gate that has received the response signal R of the active RFID tag 1 by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the period of the window W stops transmission of the trigger signal T of the gate identification information, and receives the trigger signal T of the gate identification information at the adjacent gate. As long as transmission is performed, the jamming signal J for interference control is continuously transmitted every cycle time.

  Here, the transmission of the signal is stopped after the gate (A) 20 receives the response signal R, and even after the response signal R is received by the gate (B) 20, the adjacent gate (C) 20 has the gate identification information. Since the trigger signal T is transmitted, the transmission of the jamming signal J is continued. Other functions and effects are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which shows a timing chart in the security gate means 11, and the gates 20 are distinguished from each other with reference numerals A and B.

  In this embodiment, in each gate 20 of the security gate means 11, the entrance sensor 22 and the exit sensor 23 are not provided, and an optical human body detection IN sensor 24 and an OUT side near the door in the center of the passage are provided. A human body detection OUT sensor 25 is provided.

  The monitoring device (main controller) 13 receives, as a trigger signal T from the trigger signal transmitting antenna 14, a default ID (IDdef) that forms gate identification information for gate opening / closing control, and an entry detection ID that forms gate identification information for detecting entry. (IDin), and three types of signals of ID (IDout) for exit detection, which constitutes gate identification information for detecting exit, and a jamming signal J for interference control with an adjacent gate are transmitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, in the normal state, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 is configured so that the adjacent gates (A) 20 and (B) 20 are adjacent to each other regardless of whether the monitoring target person 30 enters or not. , The trigger signal transmitting antenna (A) 14 and the trigger signal transmitting antenna (B) 14 synchronize the cycle times to alternately transmit the default ID (IDdef) of the trigger signal T and the jamming signal J, and the gate (A) 20 When the default ID (IDdef) is transmitted at, the jamming signal J is transmitted at the gate (B) 20.

  Then, for example, when the monitoring subject 30 enters the gate (A) 20 and receives the response signal R of the active RFID tag 1 by the response signal receiving antenna 15 during the window W, the gate (A) 20 opens the door 21. To do.

  When the active RFID tag 1 passes through the security gate means 11 and receives the gate identification information of the default ID (IDdef) as the trigger signal T in the low frequency radio communication circuit 2, the response signal is changed from the sleep mode to the trigger mode. R is transmitted.

Since the above-described operation is the same when the monitoring subject 30 enters or exits the monitoring area, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 cannot distinguish between entering and leaving the monitoring subject.
For this reason, when the monitoring subject 30 passes the gate 20, the human body detection IN sensor 24 senses the monitoring subject 30, and then the human body detection OUT sensor 25 senses the monitoring subject 30. The monitoring device (main controller) 13 determines that the monitoring target person 30 is moving the gate 20 in the entrance direction.

  11B, the trigger signal transmission antenna (A) 14 of the gate (A) 20 replaces the default ID (IDdef) from the trigger signal transmitting antenna (A) 14, and the person to be monitored detects the entrance ID (IDin). Transmit for a time sufficient to pass through.

  The active RFID tag 1 that has received the room entry detection ID (IDin) transmits tag identification information and room entry information as a response signal R in response to the room entry detection ID (IDin). The response signal R in response to the ID for detecting room entry (IDin) does not participate in the gate opening / closing control. Upon receiving this response signal R, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 causes the active RFID tag 1 to enter the monitoring area. Is detected. These transmission signals R have the same effect whether they are low-frequency radio signals or high-frequency radio signals.

  The same operation is performed when the monitoring subject 30 exits the monitoring area and passes through the gate 20. After the human body detection OUT sensor 25 detects the monitoring subject 30, the human body detection IN sensor 24 performs monitoring. By sensing the target person 30, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 determines that the monitoring target person 30 is moving in the direction of leaving the gate 20.

  Then, instead of the default ID (IDdef), the exit detection ID (IDout) is transmitted from the trigger signal transmitting antenna 14 of the gate 20 for a time sufficient for the person to be monitored to pass through the gate 20.

  The active RFID tag 1 that has received the exit detection ID (IDout) transmits tag identification information and exit information as a response signal R in response to the exit detection ID (IDout). The response signal R in response to the exit detection ID (IDout) does not participate in the gate opening / closing control. Upon receiving this response signal R, the monitoring device (main controller) 13 causes the active RFID tag 1 to exit from the monitoring area. Is detected. These transmission signals R have the same effect whether they are low-frequency radio signals or high-frequency radio signals.

The active RFID tag 1 transitions to the sleep mode after transmitting the response signal R in response to the ID for detecting exit (IDout).
FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which children, students, and the like are monitoring subjects, and monitoring areas are schools, classrooms, and school routes. In this embodiment, the security gate means 11 is arranged at the entrance and exit of the school gate and classroom, and the radio receiver 12 and the surveillance TV camera 41 are arranged at predetermined positions on the school yard and school road.

  On the school premises, the same operation as in the previous embodiment is performed. The difference from the previous embodiment is that the active RFID tag 1 maintains the trigger mode without transiting to the sleep mode even if the monitoring subject 30 goes out of the school gate through the security gate means 11 arranged at the school gate. Then, the radio frequency radio communication circuit 3 periodically transmits the tag identification information by shifting to the spontaneous transmission mode.

  At this time, the school gate and the common gate are usually wide entrances of 6 m or more, and it is not desirable to arrange a single loop antenna because the tag is oriented. For this reason, it is desirable to operate a plurality of antennas as master and slave and transmit the same gate ID signal.

  The wireless receiver 12 that has received the tag identification information transfers the passing information and position information of the active RFID tag 1 (information for identifying the area where the antenna of the wireless receiver 12 is installed) to the monitoring device 13, and the monitoring device 13 shoots the person 30 to be monitored by the monitoring television camera 41 in the antenna installation area 42 of the wireless receiver 12, and records the recording of the camera video together with the passing information and the position information.

  The monitoring device 13 is installed in the school 43 and the information center 44. The monitoring device 13 installed in the school 43 is used as an in-school monitor, and records the moving recording by location, time, child name, and time zone as in-school information 45.

  The information received by the center 46 is distributed by mail or telephone to the personal computer, mobile phone or the like of the guardian 47 as passing information and position information in the monitoring device 13 installed in the information center 43. This distribution may be performed automatically on a regular basis or may be distributed in response to contact from a guardian.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 13, an abnormality (abduction, harm, injury or illness) occurs in the monitoring subject 30, and abnormality information is transmitted from the active RFID tag 1 by the operation of the button 10 or the detection by the tilt sensor 8. Then, the wireless receiver 12 in the antenna installation area 42 where the person 30 to be monitored receives the abnormality information of the active RFID tag 1 and transmits the danger information to the monitoring device 13.

  The school 43 receives the danger information at the school monitor, confirms information on the place, time, and child's name, and responds according to the operation manual. The information center 43 judges the alarm information, and notifies the guard information, the police / regional community, the PTA / education board, etc. 48 by e-mail or telephone together with the alarm information and the passing information and position information. The person concerned who has received the notification heads for the protection and rescue to the abnormality occurrence antenna installation area 49 where the monitoring target person 30 who has transmitted the abnormality information is located.

The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the active RFID tag and security system in embodiment of this invention Schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the monitoring area in the embodiment Schematic diagram illustrating another configuration of the monitoring area in the embodiment The structure of the security gate means in the same embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view. The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the security gate means in the embodiment The time chart figure which shows the cycle time of the trigger signal T and the response signal R in the embodiment Schematic diagram showing the operation of the security gate means in the same embodiment Time chart when operating security gate means in the same embodiment The schematic diagram which shows operation of the security gate means in other embodiment of this invention Time chart when operating security gate means in the same embodiment (A), (b) is a time chart figure at the time of operation of the security gate means in other embodiments of the present invention. The schematic diagram which shows the security system in other embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing the response when a security system abnormality occurs in the same embodiment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Active RFID tag 2 Low frequency wireless communication circuit 3 High frequency wireless communication circuit 4 Memory 5 CPU
6 Battery power supply 7 Vibration sensor 8 Tilt sensor 9 Buzzer or lamp 10 Button 11 Security gate means 12 Wireless receiver 13 Monitoring device 14 Trigger signal transmitting antenna 15 Response signal receiving antenna 20 Gate 21 Door 22 Entrance sensor 23 Exit sensor 24 For human body detection IN sensor 25 Human body detection OUT sensor 26, 27 Amplifier 28 Input / output port 29 Door control section 30 Person to be monitored 41 Surveillance TV camera 42 Antenna installation area 43 School 44 Information center 45 In-school information 46 Center reception 47 Parents 48 Police / Local community, PTA / Education Board, etc. 49 Abnormality antenna installation area

Claims (10)

Register low-frequency wireless communication means for transmitting and receiving low-frequency wireless signals, high-frequency wireless communication means for transmitting and receiving high-frequency wireless signals, and tag identification information unique to each tag and gate identification information of passable gates as permission clauses A storage means, a control means for controlling transmission / reception of information by the low-frequency wireless communication means and the high-frequency wireless communication means, and a power supply means for supplying driving power for each means, the control means being a security gate disposed in the monitoring area When passing through the means, the gate identification information received by the low-frequency wireless communication means is compared with the gate identification information of the permission clause registered in the storage means. The tag identification information transmitted by at least one of the wireless communication means and registered in the storage means in the monitoring area and the passed security Active RFID tags and transmits the high-frequency wireless communication means gate identification information Tigeto means. Control unit, storage unit, low-frequency wireless communication unit, high-frequency wireless communication unit is in a normal state in which normal power is supplied to enable full work from the power supply unit, and minimum in which minimum operation is possible from the power supply unit When changing to a power saving state where power is supplied and outside the monitoring area, the control means, the storage means, the low frequency wireless communication means, and the high frequency wireless communication means transition to a sleep mode in which the power saving state is entered, When entering the monitoring area, the trigger signal is received by the low-frequency wireless communication means to enter the trigger mode, and various information including tag individual information from the tag is sent to the low-frequency wireless communication means and the high-frequency wireless communication means with respect to the trigger signal. And then transits to a spontaneous transmission mode in which various information including tag solid information is transmitted from the tag by the high-frequency wireless communication means at regular intervals. Active RFID tag according to Motomeko 1. It has a vibration sensor that detects the vibration generated by the movement of the monitoring subject holding the tag, and the control means is moving while the monitoring target holding the tag is moving while the vibration sensor continues to detect the vibration of the tag. The active RFID tag according to claim 1, wherein the information is transmitted as movement information by high-frequency wireless communication means. It has an inclination sensor that detects the posture of the tag, and the control means detects that an abnormal situation has occurred in the monitoring subject holding the tag when the inclination sensor detects that the tag has fallen. 2. The active RFID tag according to claim 1, wherein at least one of an alarm of sound and light is issued by activating the abnormality notifying unit while transmitting the signal by the high-frequency wireless communication unit. An abnormality notification means and an emergency switch means for notifying abnormality, and the control means, when the emergency switch means is activated, the abnormal information is transmitted by the high-frequency wireless communication means that an abnormal situation has occurred in the monitoring subject holding the tag. 2. The active RFID tag according to claim 1, wherein, at the same time as transmitting, the abnormality notifying means is activated to issue an alarm of at least one of sound and light. The active RFID tag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and gate identification information as a trigger signal is transmitted to the active RFID tag as a trigger signal by a low-frequency radio signal, and pass permission information is transmitted from the active RFID tag as a response signal to the low-frequency radio Security gate means for receiving at least one of a signal and a radio frequency radio signal, radio signal receiving means for receiving a radio frequency radio signal transmitted from an active RFID tag, arranged at a predetermined plurality of locations in a monitoring area, and receiving the radio signal A security system comprising: monitoring means for receiving an output signal output from the means and detecting the current position of the person being monitored. The security gate means has a plurality of gates, and while transmitting gate identification information as a trigger signal in one of the adjacent gates as a low frequency radio signal, jamming signal for interference control in the other gate The security system according to claim 6, wherein a low frequency radio signal is transmitted. The monitoring means measures the separation distance between each wireless signal receiving means and the active RFID tag based on the magnitude of the reception level received by each wireless signal receiving means, and based on the measured separation distance, The security system according to claim 6, wherein the current position is calculated. The security system according to claim 6, wherein the monitoring unit includes a notification unit that notifies the monitor of the current position of the detected active RFID tag. The security system according to claim 6, wherein the gate identification information is transmitted by a master-slave method.

Images