JP2007185026A - Power conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power conversion device having a main circuit that is less susceptible to main circuit noise and can be controlled at high speed, by reducing the inductance of a control signal wiring connecting the gate and emitter terminals of a switching element of a power converter and the control signal output section of a gate driver. <P>SOLUTION: The power conversion device includes the self-arc-suppressing switching element and the flat conductor of a main circuit wiring. One or more holes that penetrate the flat conductor are provided in the flat conductor. A signal wire for controlling the switching element is inserted into this through hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to power converters in general, such as power converters for railway vehicles, and more particularly to a power converter in which switching elements constituting a main circuit are operated at high speed and stably.

  Conventionally, elongate conductor bars and electric wires have been used for main circuit wiring of power converters. However, in this configuration, there is a problem that the inductance of the main circuit wiring is large, and the jumping voltage when the switching element is turned on / off becomes large. Therefore, in recent years, as a method for reducing the wiring inductance, as described in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 6, the main circuit wiring is formed as a wide flat conductor and the forward path and the return path on the loop constituting the main circuit are made as much as possible. A method of arranging them close to each other is taken.

JP-A-6-38507 JP-A-6-225545 JP-A-6-327266 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-131981 JP 9-47036 A JP-A-9-70184

  When the main circuit is constituted by the wide flat conductor as described above, when a self-extinguishing element using an external control signal, which is the mainstream in recent power converters, is used as a switching element, The gate control signal wiring between the gate and emitter terminals, which are signal inputs, and the gate driver that supplies the control signal to the switching element needs to bypass the main circuit, and the wiring becomes long. As a result, the parasitic inductance of the gate control signal wiring becomes large, and it is easily affected by the main circuit current, causing the gate breakdown to cause element destruction and the power converter to stop functioning, preventing high-speed control of the switching element. Therefore, a situation occurs in which the loss reduction of the power converter cannot be realized.

  The object of the present invention is to reduce the parasitic inductance of the gate control signal wiring connecting the gate and emitter terminals of the switching element of the power converter and the control signal output part of the gate driver, thereby preventing malfunctions and enabling high-speed control. It is to realize a main converter having a circuit.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a power converter according to the present invention controls a self-extinguishing type switching element, a flat conductor connecting main terminals of the switching element and other components, and controlling the switching element. In a power conversion device comprising a gate driver, a hole penetrating the flat conductor is provided in at least one place of the flat conductor, and a signal line for controlling the switching element is formed through the through hole. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, by using a hole penetrating the flat conductor, when routing the gate control signal, the shortest via the through hole without bypassing the flat conductor constituting the main circuit wiring. Control signals can be wired, and gate control wiring inductance can be reduced. Further, since the control wiring passing through the through hole provided in the flat conductor is orthogonal to the flat conductor, it is difficult to receive the induction of the main circuit current flowing through the flat conductor and malfunction. As a result, it is possible to realize a main converter device having a main circuit that is less likely to malfunction and that can be controlled at high speed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a plan view of a power conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of a two-level power converter using IGBT (I nsulated G ate B ipolar T ransistor). For simplicity, only one phase is shown, and the part related to the present invention is the flat conductor part constituting the main circuit, the IGBT as the switching element, the main terminal and gate control terminal of the IGBT, the gate driver, and the gate control wiring. Other components such as a filter capacitor are omitted.

  1 is a flat positive conductor connected to the power supply positive side, 2 is a flat AC conductor on the AC output side, 3 is a flat negative conductor connected to the power negative side, and 5 is a two-level power. The upper arm side IGBT 6 and 6 of the converter are the lower arm side IGBT. Reference numeral 50 denotes a collector main terminal of the upper arm IGBT 5 and is electrically connected to the positive conductor 1. An emitter main terminal 51 of the upper arm side IGBT 5 is electrically connected to the AC side conductor 2. 52 is a collector main terminal of the lower arm side IGBT 6 and is electrically connected to the AC side conductor 2. 53 is an emitter main terminal of the lower arm IGBT 6 and is electrically connected to the negative conductor 3. 9 is a through hole for main circuit wiring provided in the AC side conductor 2 to electrically connect the negative side conductor 3 and the emitter main terminal 53 of the IGBT 6, and 25 is a gate / emitter terminal for gate control of the IGBT. is there. Reference numerals 30 and 31 denote gate drivers, which are electrically connected to the gate / emitter terminal 25 of the IGBT through the gate control wiring 10.

  10 is shown as a single line except for a part so as to be conceptually easy to understand. Actually, it is composed of two lines consisting of a forward path and a return path, and has an insulation coating, in order to prevent low inductance and noise induction. Coaxial or stranded wire. A gate driver fixing plate 70 fixes the gate drivers 30 and 31. Reference numeral 4 denotes through holes provided in the AC side conductor 2 and the negative side conductor 3 in order to pass the gate control wiring 10. Reference numeral 100 denotes an IGBT heat dissipation plate, which contacts the heat dissipation bases of the upper arm side IGBT 5 and the lower arm side IGBT 6.

  FIG. 5 shows each of the three flat conductors shown in FIG. 1 as a single unit so that the structure can be easily understood. FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram corresponding to the first embodiment of FIG. A filter capacitor 200 is electrically connected to the positive-side conductor 1 and the negative-side conductor 3 to stabilize the voltage level of these conductors. This is a single-phase and multi-phase power converter configuration, and the effects of the present invention can be expected with various power converters including this circuit configuration.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of Example 1 of FIG. The IGBTs 5 and 6 are arranged in contact with the heat sink 100 at the lowermost layer, close to each upper layer, the positive side conductor 1 and the AC side conductor 2, and the negative side conductor 3 near the upper layer 1 and 2. Deploy. Furthermore, the gate drivers 30 and 31 are fixed to the gate driver fixing plate 70 and arranged on these upper layers. The positive side conductor 1 is electrically connected to the collector main terminal 50 of the upper arm side IGBT 5 via the terminal spacer 60. The AC side conductor 2 is electrically connected to the emitter main terminal 51 of the upper arm side IGBT 5 via the terminal spacer 61 on the one hand, and is electrically connected to the collector side terminal 52 and terminal spacer 62 of the lower arm side IGBT 6 on the other hand. Connect to. The negative side conductor 3 is electrically connected to the emitter main terminal 53 of the lower arm side IGBT 6 through a terminal spacer 63 that penetrates the through hole 9 provided in the AC side conductor 2 while being electrically insulated from 2. The gate control wiring 10 is routed between the gate driver placement plane and the IGBT placement plane in the shortest distance through the through hole 4 provided in the AC side conductor 2 and the negative side conductor 3.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the conventional system in comparison with FIG. In the conventional system of FIG. 3, the AC side conductor 2 and the negative side conductor 3, which are flat conductors constituting the main circuit, do not have through holes for control wiring, but the IGBT gate / emitter terminal 25 and the gate driver 30. , 31 are electrically connected to each other so as to bypass the flat conductors 2 and 3. When the gate control wiring becomes longer in this way, the inductance of the gate wiring increases, noise due to main circuit switching is easily induced in the gate control wiring, and an erroneous signal is added to the gate control signal of the IGBT, causing the IGBT to malfunction. Depending on the timing of malfunction, the upper and lower arm IGBTs may be turned on at the same time, causing element destruction and stopping the function of the power converter. Further, if the gate wiring inductance is large, the gate control signal is likely to be dulled, and high-speed control is hindered. In recent years, switching devices have been speeded up in order to improve performance, and gate control is also required to operate at high speed. Therefore, the performance of switching devices cannot be fully utilized, and the performance as a power converter is limited. End up.

  On the other hand, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a through hole for passing the gate control wiring is provided in the flat conductor constituting the main circuit, and the self-extinguishing is made through the through hole. The gate control wiring between the gate / emitter control terminal of the mold element and the gate driver can be connected in the shortest distance. As a result, the wiring inductance of the gate control wiring can be reduced, the induction of switching noise in the main circuit switching element can be reduced, gate signal malfunctions are less likely to occur, and high-speed gate signal transmission is less likely to be hindered, enabling high-speed control. A main conversion device is realized.

  6 and 7 show a power conversion apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 6 is a plan view and FIG. 7 is a side view thereof. In FIG. 1, the IGBT 6 is disposed in the same direction as the IGBT 5 in the direction rotated 180 with respect to the IGBT 5. The main circuit structure becomes simpler and the penetration provided in the negative side conductor 2 to electrically connect the AC side conductor 2 and the emitter main terminal 53 of the lower arm side IGBT 6 which is necessary in the first embodiment of FIG. In addition to the need for the hole 9, the gate / emitter terminal 25 of the lower arm side IGBT 6 is not covered with the flat conductor, so that a through hole for the control wiring may be provided only for the upper arm side IGBT 5. Also in this case, the gate control wiring can be shortened and the same effect can be realized as in the first embodiment of FIG.

The present invention is not limited to the first embodiment and the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, and various modifications can be made in these embodiments.
For example, in each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the through hole 4 for the gate control wiring is disposed immediately above the gate / emitter terminal. The effect of the present invention can be achieved if the distance between the through hole through which the gate / emitter terminal and the gate control wiring pass is sufficiently short with respect to the width. Further, the size of the through hole 4 is shown large so as to be conceptually easy to understand, but it can be made sufficiently small as long as necessary electrical insulation is ensured between the flat conductor and the flow path of the main circuit current. Can be minimized.

  The main circuit configuration is not limited to the two-level power converter configured in series with the IGBT element 2 described in the above example, but a three-level power converter configured with four IGBT elements in series, or a controllable current. In order to increase the number, a plurality of IGBT elements arranged in parallel can be easily expanded. In these examples, the main circuit structure becomes more complicated and the size of the flat conductor increases, so that the wiring length due to the bypass of the gate control wiring in the conventional system further increases. Therefore, the improvement by this invention can be expected further.

  In addition, the switching element as a constituent element is not limited to the IGBT, but can be similarly applied even when other various self-extinguishing elements are used, and the main terminal structure of the switching element is also shown in the above embodiment. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to three terminals and can be applied to various main terminal structures.

  Also, various modifications in manufacturing are possible, and the flat conductor and terminal spacer shown in FIG. 2 are manufactured individually as shown in FIG. It is also possible to manufacture them integrally. Even in this case, the effect of the present invention can be achieved similarly.

  In each of the above embodiments, the structure of one phase of the power converter is taken out and shown. Therefore, it can be applied not only to a single phase but also to a multi-phase converter having three or more phases.

It is a top view which shows the power converter device of Example 1 of this invention. It is a side view of Example 1 of FIG. It is a top view which shows the example of the power converter device of a prior art example. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram corresponding to Example 1 of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the planar shape of each flat conductor in Example 1 of FIG. It is a top view which shows the power converter device of Example 2 of this invention. It is a side view of Example 2 of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Positive conductor (P)
2 AC side conductor (M)
3 Negative conductor (N)
4 Conductor through hole (for gate control wiring)
5 Upper arm side IGBT module 6 Lower arm side IGBT module 9 Conductor through hole (for main circuit)
10 IGBT gate control wiring 25 IGBT control gate / emitter terminal 50 Upper arm side IGBT collector main terminal 51 Upper arm side IGBT emitter main terminal 52 Lower arm side IGBT collector main terminal 53 Lower arm side IGBT emitter main terminal 60 to 63 Terminal spacer 30 to 31 Gate driver 70 Gate driver fixing plate 100 Heat sink 200 Filter capacitor

Claims (2)

In a power conversion device comprising a self-extinguishing type switching element, a flat conductor connecting between main terminals of the switching element and other components, and a gate driver for controlling the switching element,
A power conversion device, wherein a hole penetrating the flat conductor is provided in at least one portion of the flat conductor, and a signal line for controlling the switching element is passed through the through hole. The power conversion device according to claim 1,
At least a portion of the through-hole projected onto a plane including the control terminal of the switching element is included in a region surrounded by the distance between the control terminal and the flat conductor on the plane. A power conversion device characterized by that.

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