JP2007181773A - Filtration film performance recovering method - Google Patents

Filtration film performance recovering method Download PDF

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JP2007181773A
JP2007181773A JP2006001505A JP2006001505A JP2007181773A JP 2007181773 A JP2007181773 A JP 2007181773A JP 2006001505 A JP2006001505 A JP 2006001505A JP 2006001505 A JP2006001505 A JP 2006001505A JP 2007181773 A JP2007181773 A JP 2007181773A
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filtration
filtration membrane
water
washing
membrane module
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Kazuhisa Kumami
和久 熊見
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Daicen Membrane Systems Ltd
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Daicen Membrane Systems Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration performance recovering method capable of maintaining the filtration performance at a high level. <P>SOLUTION: In the filtration performance recovering method, cleaning water consisting of aqueous solution containing a surfactant is fed from a raw water feed side of a filtration film module at the pressure ≤ 98 kPa, and the inside of the filtration film module is filled with cleaning water, concentrated liquid and filtrated liquid. After the filtration film module is left in an immersed state, raw water is passed to discharge a surfactant aqueous solution inside the filtration film module. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理した濾過膜モジュールの濾過性能回復方法、前記濾過性能回復方法を利用した濾過処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a filtration performance recovery method for a filtration membrane module in which washing wastewater from plants containing vegetables and / or fruits is treated, and a filtration treatment method using the filtration performance recovery method.

従来、野菜や果物の洗浄には大量の清浄水が必要であり、一般的には水道水が使用されている。洗浄した後の洗浄排水は、そのまま排水されるか、もしくは荒いメッシュなどで大型の異物を除去し一部を再利用している。   Conventionally, a large amount of clean water is required for washing vegetables and fruits, and tap water is generally used. The washing waste water after washing is drained as it is, or a large foreign substance is removed with a rough mesh or the like and a part is reused.

近年、野菜や果物を食べやすい大きさにカットしたいわゆるカット野菜や、数種類のカット品を混合したサラダやミックスフルーツが、コンビニエンスストアやスーパーマーケットで販売されるようになっている。   In recent years, so-called cut vegetables that are cut into sizes that are easy to eat vegetables and fruits, and salads and mixed fruits that are mixed with several types of cut products have been sold at convenience stores and supermarkets.

このようなカット野菜や果物は、殺菌や洗浄を十分に行う必要があるため、大量の洗浄水を必要としている。また、カットした野菜や果物の細かい屑や切り口から、野菜汁や果汁が洗浄液や殺菌液(水道水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを混入したもの)に移るため、これらの再利用も難しい状況である。   Since such cut vegetables and fruits need to be sterilized and washed sufficiently, they require a large amount of washing water. In addition, vegetable juice and fruit juice are transferred to washing liquid and sterilization liquid (mixed with tap hypochlorite sodium hypochlorite) from fine cuts and cuts of cut vegetables and fruits, so it is difficult to reuse them. .

排水処理手段として多用される分離膜を、野菜等の洗浄排水の処理に使用することが考えられる。濁質成分は、精密濾過膜で除去できるが、有機物はほとんど除去できないので、逆浸透膜処理が必要となる。限外濾過膜は、高分子量の有機物であれば除去できるが、排水中の異物の性質によっては、除去できない場合がある。   It is conceivable to use a separation membrane frequently used as a wastewater treatment means for the treatment of washing wastewater such as vegetables. The turbid component can be removed with a microfiltration membrane, but the organic matter can hardly be removed. Therefore, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment is required. The ultrafiltration membrane can be removed if it is a high molecular weight organic substance, but depending on the nature of the foreign matter in the waste water, it may not be removed.

このため、膜による分離と、凝集や活性炭処理等を組み合わせた技術が検討されている。特許文献1では、野菜や果物などの農産物の洗浄水を精密濾過膜で濾過して再使用する技術が開示されている。   For this reason, a technique that combines separation by a membrane, agglomeration, activated carbon treatment, and the like has been studied. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which washing water for agricultural products such as vegetables and fruits is filtered through a microfiltration membrane and reused.

この発明では、有機物除去のため凝集や活性炭処理を併用しているが、膜以外の技術を併用するため処理費用が上昇し、経済的な方法ではない。また、膜の性能維持のため高圧で逆圧洗浄をしており、膜が破損するおそれもある。膜が破損すると、その部分から漏れが生じて処理水の水質を悪化させるため、特に食品関係の洗浄水に再利用する場合は衛生上の問題がある。
特開平11−055081号公報
In this invention, coagulation and activated carbon treatment are used in combination for removing organic substances. However, the use of technologies other than membranes increases the processing cost and is not an economical method. Further, back pressure cleaning is performed at a high pressure to maintain the performance of the membrane, and the membrane may be damaged. When the membrane is broken, leakage occurs from the portion and deteriorates the quality of the treated water. Therefore, there is a sanitary problem especially when the membrane is reused for food-related washing water.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-055081

野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理したとき、前記洗浄排水に含まれる特有の汚れ成分に起因して、濾過膜の濾過性能が大きく低下することがあり、特に疎水性の濾過膜を用いたときの濾過性能の低下が顕著になる。   When the washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits is treated, the filtration performance of the filtration membrane may be greatly reduced due to the characteristic soil component contained in the washing wastewater, particularly a hydrophobic filtration membrane. The reduction in filtration performance when using is remarkable.

本発明は、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理したときにおいて、濾過性能を回復させることができる濾過性能回復方法、前記方法を利用した濾過処理方法を提供することを課題とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration performance recovery method capable of recovering the filtration performance when treating the washing waste water of the plant containing vegetables and / or fruits, and a filtration treatment method using the method. .

本発明は、課題の解決手段として、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理した濾過膜モジュールの濾過性能回復方法であって、前記濾過膜モジュール内の濾過膜を界面活性剤水溶液で洗浄する、濾過性能回復方法を提供する。   The present invention provides a method for resolving the problem, a method for recovering the filtration performance of a filtration membrane module obtained by treating washing wastewater from plants containing vegetables and / or fruits, wherein the filtration membrane in the filtration membrane module is an aqueous surfactant solution. Provided is a method for recovering filtration performance by washing.

また本発明は、他の課題の解決手段として、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過膜モジュールで処理し、処理水を野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用するための濾過処理方法であって、
濾過運転を停止して、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の濾過性能回復方法により、濾過膜モジュールの濾過膜を処理する、濾過処理方法を提供する。
Moreover, this invention treats the washing waste_water | drain of the plant containing vegetables and / or fruits with a filtration membrane module as a solution of another subject, and circulates and uses treated water as the washing water of the plants containing vegetables and / or fruits. A filtration method for
A filtration treatment method is provided in which the filtration operation is stopped and the filtration membrane of the filtration membrane module is treated by the filtration performance recovery method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

本発明における「野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水」は、各種野菜、各種果物のほか、花、その他の植物、及びこれらの加工品(切断乃至破砕物等)を洗浄したときに生じる洗浄排水である。   In the present invention, “washing drainage of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits” is generated when various vegetables, fruits, flowers, other plants, and processed products (cut or crushed materials, etc.) are washed. Cleaning waste water.

本発明の濾過性能回復方法によれば、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過処理した濾過膜の濾過性能を高いレベルで維持することができる。よって、本発明の濾過性能回復方法を含む濾過処理方法により、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理した処理水は、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用することができるため、水資源が節約され、洗浄コストが低減される。   According to the filtration performance recovery method of this invention, the filtration performance of the filtration membrane which filtered the washing waste_water | drain of the plant containing vegetables and / or fruits can be maintained at a high level. Therefore, the treated water obtained by treating the washing wastewater of the plant containing vegetables and / or fruits by the filtration treatment method including the method for recovering the filtration performance of the present invention should be recycled as the washing water for the plants containing vegetables and / or fruits. As a result, water resources are saved and cleaning costs are reduced.

本発明の濾過性能回復方法は、濾過膜モジュールを用いて、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過処理する過程にて、定期的に又は濾過性能が低下したときに適用する。   The filtration performance recovery method of the present invention is applied periodically or when the filtration performance deteriorates in the process of filtering the washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits using the filtration membrane module.

本発明の濾過処理方法は、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過処理して洗浄水として循環使用できるようにする方法であり、前記洗浄排水に起因する汚れにより分離膜の濾過性能が低下したときに、或いは低下しないように、本発明の濾過性能回復方法を適用することを含む方法である。   The filtration treatment method of the present invention is a method for filtering washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits so that it can be circulated and used as washing water. Filtration performance of a separation membrane due to dirt caused by the washing wastewater This is a method that includes applying the filtration performance recovery method of the present invention so that it does not decrease or does not decrease.

以下、本発明の濾過処理方法を適用して野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理する実施形態と合わせて、本発明の濾過性能回復方法の実施形態を説明する。   Hereinafter, the embodiment of the filtration performance recovery method of the present invention will be described together with the embodiment of applying the filtration treatment method of the present invention to treat the washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits.

濾過膜モジュールの具体的構成や濾過運転方法は、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理するために必要なものであればよく、特に制限されるものではない。   The specific configuration of the filtration membrane module and the filtration operation method are not particularly limited as long as they are necessary for treating the washing waste water of the plant containing vegetables and / or fruits.

野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過処理する前、必要に応じて、ストレーナー等を用いて、葉や茎の破片、砂、小石等の大きめの異物を取り除く前処理をしてもよい。   Before filtering the washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits, if necessary, pretreatment to remove large foreign substances such as leaf and stem fragments, sand and pebbles using a strainer, etc. Good.

必要に応じて前処理した洗浄排水は、洗浄ラインから直接、又は一旦原水タンクに貯水した後に、加圧ポンプを作動させ、洗浄ライン又は原水タンクから、パイプを通して、濾過膜モジュールに送って濾過する。   If necessary, wash wastewater pretreated directly from the washing line or once stored in the raw water tank, and then actuate the pressure pump to send it from the washing line or raw water tank through the pipe to the filtration membrane module for filtration. .

濾過膜モジュールは公知のものであり、例えば、1又は2以上の液出入口(原水供給口、濃縮液排出口、透過液出口、逆圧洗浄水入口等)を有するモジュールケース内に、分離膜が収容されたものである。   The filtration membrane module is a known one. For example, a separation membrane is provided in a module case having one or two or more liquid inlets (raw water supply port, concentrated liquid outlet, permeate outlet, counter pressure washing water inlet, etc.). Contained.

分離膜は、疎水性材料及び親水性材料のいずれからなるものでもよいが、本発明の濾過性能回復方法を適用したときの濾過性能の回復効果は、特に疎水性材料からなる分離膜に適用したときに顕著となる。   The separation membrane may be made of either a hydrophobic material or a hydrophilic material, but the recovery effect of the filtration performance when the filtration performance recovery method of the present invention is applied is particularly applied to a separation membrane made of a hydrophobic material. Sometimes it becomes prominent.

疎水性材料としては、ポリサルホン系樹脂、ポリエーテルサルホン系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアラミド樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂等を挙げることができる。親水性材料としては、酢酸セルロース、セルロースプロピオネート、セルロースブチレート、再生セルロース、これらの混合物、等のセルロース系材料を挙げることができる。また、ポリビニルアルコールなども使用できる。   Examples of the hydrophobic material include a polysulfone resin, a polyether sulfone resin, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a polyacrylonitrile resin, a polyimide resin, a polyaramid resin, a polypropylene resin, and a polyethylene resin. Examples of the hydrophilic material include cellulose materials such as cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, regenerated cellulose, and a mixture thereof. Moreover, polyvinyl alcohol etc. can also be used.

分離膜は、中空糸膜、チューブラー膜、スパイラル膜、精密濾過膜、平膜等のいずれでも良いが、処理水を野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用する観点から、より浄化能力の高い中空糸膜が好ましい。   The separation membrane may be any of a hollow fiber membrane, a tubular membrane, a spiral membrane, a microfiltration membrane, a flat membrane, etc., but from the viewpoint of circulating the treated water as washing water for plants containing vegetables and / or fruits, A hollow fiber membrane having a high purification capacity is preferred.

中空糸膜を用いるときは、例えば、内径0.3〜3.0mm(好ましくは0.5〜1.0mm)、外径0.4〜5.0mm(好ましくは0.7〜1.7mm)で、分画分子量3,000以上(好ましくは100,000以上)の限外濾過膜が好ましい。   When using a hollow fiber membrane, for example, an inner diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 mm (preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm), an outer diameter of 0.4 to 5.0 mm (preferably 0.7 to 1.7 mm). Thus, an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut-off of 3,000 or more (preferably 100,000 or more) is preferable.

中空糸膜は、原水の量や原水中の濁質成分の濃度に応じて、必要な本数を束ねた1束又は2束以上の中空糸膜束として用いることができる。   The hollow fiber membrane can be used as one bundle or two or more bundles of hollow fiber membranes in which necessary numbers are bundled according to the amount of raw water and the concentration of turbid components in the raw water.

中空糸膜(限外濾過膜)を用いるときの濾過運転条件(透水速度等)は、原水の量や原水中の濁質成分の濃度に応じて適宜設定することができるが、例えば、透水速度0.5〜5.0m/日で、10〜1500分間濾過運転する。   Filtration operation conditions (permeability rate, etc.) when using a hollow fiber membrane (ultrafiltration membrane) can be appropriately set according to the amount of raw water and the concentration of turbid components in the raw water. The filtration operation is performed at 0.5 to 5.0 m / day for 10 to 1500 minutes.

このような濾過運転の過程にて、濾過性能(透水速度等で判断できる)が低下した場合、又は定期的に分離膜を洗浄することで、分離膜の濾過性能を高いレベルで維持することができる。   In the course of such a filtration operation, when the filtration performance (determined by the water transmission rate, etc.) is reduced, or by periodically cleaning the separation membrane, the filtration performance of the separation membrane can be maintained at a high level. it can.

本発明では、濾過膜モジュール内の濾過膜を界面活性剤水溶液で洗浄する。洗浄方法は、分離膜面と界面活性剤水溶液が十分に接触できる方法であればよく、例えば、次の浸漬工程と濯ぎ洗い工程からなる「浸漬濯ぎ洗浄法」を適用できる。   In the present invention, the filtration membrane in the filtration membrane module is washed with an aqueous surfactant solution. The cleaning method may be any method as long as the separation membrane surface and the aqueous surfactant solution can be sufficiently brought into contact with each other. For example, the “immersion rinse cleaning method” including the following immersion step and the rinse step can be applied.

(浸漬工程)
濾過運転を停止した後、濾過膜モジュールの原水供給側から、界面活性剤を含む水溶液からなる洗浄水を98kPa以下の圧力で供給する。このとき、濾過膜モジュール内には原水及び透過液が存在しているため、濃縮液及び透過液と共に洗浄水で濾過膜モジュール内部が満たされることになる。よって、濾過膜は、界面活性剤を含む水溶液に浸漬された状態となる。
(Immersion process)
After stopping the filtration operation, cleaning water made of an aqueous solution containing a surfactant is supplied at a pressure of 98 kPa or less from the raw water supply side of the filtration membrane module. At this time, since the raw water and the permeate are present in the filtration membrane module, the inside of the filtration membrane module is filled with the wash water together with the concentrated solution and the permeate. Thus, the filtration membrane is immersed in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant.

洗浄水は、界面活性剤を含む水溶液であり、界面活性剤としては、陰イオン界面活性剤、非イオン界面活性剤、陽イオン界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤から選ばれるものを組み合わせて用いることができるが、陰イオン界面活性剤を含んでいることが好ましい。   The washing water is an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and a surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants is used in combination. However, it preferably contains an anionic surfactant.

このような界面活性剤としては、脂肪酸塩、ロジン酸塩、アルキル硫酸塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルジフェニルエーテルスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、スルホコハク酸ジエステル塩、α−オレフィン硫酸エステル塩、α−オレフィンスルホン酸塩等の陰イオン界面活性剤;モノもしくはジアルキルアミン又はそのポリオキシエチレン付加物、モノ又はジ長鎖アルキル第4級アンモニウム塩等の陽イオン界面活性剤;アルキルグルコシド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、蔗糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンプロピレンブロックコポリマー、脂肪酸モノグリセリド、アミンオキシド等の非イオン界面活性剤;カルボベタイン、スルホベタイン、ヒドロキシスルホベタイン等の両性界面活性剤を挙げることができる。   Such surfactants include fatty acid salts, rosinates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, sulfosuccinic acid diester salts, α-olefin sulfate esters. Anionic surfactants such as α-olefin sulfonates; cationic surfactants such as mono- or dialkylamines or their polyoxyethylene adducts, mono- or di-long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts; alkyl glucosides, poly Oxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene propylene Nonionic surfactants such as block copolymers, fatty acid monoglycerides and amine oxides; amphoteric surfactants such as carbobetaine, sulfobetaine, and hydroxysulfobetaine can be mentioned.

洗浄水中の界面活性剤の濃度は、0.1〜5.0質量%が好ましく、0.3〜2.0質量%がより好ましい。   The concentration of the surfactant in the washing water is preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass, and more preferably 0.3 to 2.0% by mass.

洗浄水の供給圧力は、98kPa以下の圧力であればよく、好ましくは10〜49kPaである。   The supply pressure of the cleaning water may be 98 kPa or less, and preferably 10 to 49 kPa.

濾過膜の浸漬時間は、室温にて、3分間以上が好ましく、より好ましくは10〜300分間であり、更に好ましくは30〜120分間である。   The immersion time of the filtration membrane is preferably 3 minutes or more at room temperature, more preferably 10 to 300 minutes, and still more preferably 30 to 120 minutes.

(濯ぎ洗い工程)
次に、浸漬状態の濾過膜に対して、原水供給口から原水を通液することで、濾過膜を濯ぎ洗いして、濾過膜面から脱離した汚れ成分を含む洗浄排水を、濃縮液排水側もしくは濾過液排出側から排出する。原水の通液量は、1〜50m/日が好ましく、より好ましくは3〜20m/日である。
(Rinse washing process)
Next, by passing the raw water from the raw water supply port to the soaked filter membrane, the filter membrane is rinsed and washed with waste water containing dirt components detached from the filter membrane surface. Drain from the side or filtrate discharge side. The flow rate of the raw water is preferably 1 to 50 m / day, more preferably 3 to 20 m / day.

本発明では、安定した濾過性能を維持し、濾過処理水を野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用する観点から、濾過運転1〜1000時間ごとに、好ましくは15〜72時間ごとに、1回の浸漬濯ぎ洗浄をすることが好ましい。   In the present invention, from the viewpoint of maintaining stable filtration performance and circulating use of filtered treated water as washing water for plants containing vegetables and / or fruits, filtration operation is performed every 1 to 1000 hours, preferably every 15 to 72 hours. In addition, it is preferable to perform one immersion rinse cleaning.

本発明では、上記した界面活性剤水溶液を用いた浸漬濯ぎ洗浄と共に、必要に応じて、薬液(次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等)を用いた公知の逆圧洗浄をしてもよい。浸漬洗浄と逆圧洗浄を組み合わせる場合は、界面活性剤で浸漬濯ぎ洗浄を実施し、水によって簡単にリンスした後、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液や水酸化ナトリウム水溶液等を用いて逆圧洗浄することが効果的である。界面活性剤水溶液を用いた浸漬濯ぎ洗浄と、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液や水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いた浸漬濯ぎ洗浄を組み合わせてもよい。   In the present invention, known reverse pressure cleaning using a chemical solution (sodium hypochlorite or the like) may be performed, if necessary, in addition to the above-described immersion rinse cleaning using the surfactant aqueous solution. When combining immersion cleaning and back pressure cleaning, perform immersion rinse cleaning with a surfactant, rinse easily with water, and then perform back pressure cleaning with a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, or the like. Is effective. You may combine immersion rinse washing | cleaning using surfactant aqueous solution, and immersion rinse washing | cleaning using sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

本発明の濾過性能回復方法を含む濾過処理方法により得られた透過液は、そのまま、野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用することができる。   The permeate obtained by the filtration treatment method including the filtration performance recovery method of the present invention can be circulated and used as it is as washing water for plants containing vegetables and / or fruits.

(純水透過能力)
作製したモジュールを、98kPa の圧力下で純水を内圧にてデッドエンド濾過し、単位時間、単位膜面積(内表面積換算)あたりに透過する純水量を測定した。更に、濾過液の水温を測定し、水温25℃の水の粘度を基準として、測定水温の粘度の比率を測定した純水量にかけて、純水透過能力とした。
(Pure water permeability)
The produced module was subjected to dead-end filtration of pure water at an internal pressure under a pressure of 98 kPa, and the amount of pure water permeating per unit time and unit membrane area (internal surface area conversion) was measured. Furthermore, the water temperature of the filtrate was measured, and based on the viscosity of water at a water temperature of 25 ° C., the ratio of the viscosity of the measured water temperature was applied to the amount of pure water to obtain the pure water permeability.

実施例1
(濾過運転)
酢酸セルロース中空糸膜(FUC1582;内径0.8mm,外径1.3mm,分画分子量15万ダルトン)を20本束ね、内径20mm、長さ30cmのモジュールケースに収納し、両端をウレタン接着剤で封止したモジュールを作製した。このモジュールの膜面積は、0.0132mであった。このモジュールの純水透過能力を内圧全量濾過で測定したところ、601L/m・hr(25℃、98kPa換算)であった。
Example 1
(Filtration operation)
Bundles of 20 cellulose acetate hollow fiber membranes (FUC1582; inner diameter 0.8mm, outer diameter 1.3mm, molecular weight cut off 150,000 Dalton) in a module case with an inner diameter of 20mm and a length of 30cm, both ends with urethane adhesive A sealed module was produced. The membrane area of this module was 0.0132 m 2 . It was 601 L / m < 2 > * hr (25 degreeC, 98kPa conversion) when the pure water permeation capacity of this module was measured by internal pressure total amount filtration.

このモジュールに、野菜汁を想定した野菜ジュース(商品名;野菜一日これ一本,カゴメ(株)製)を1000ppm加えた水道水を用い、内圧50kPa以下で部分濾過(透過液80%、濃縮液20%)した。透過液と濃縮液は系外へ排出した。膜面積あたりの濾過量が、500L/mに達した段階で濾過を停止し、水道水で置換した後、モジュールの純水透過能力を野菜ジュースの濾過前と同様に測定したところ、297L/m・hrであった。これは、初期の純水透過能力の49%であった。 Partial filtration (80% permeate, concentrated) using tap water with 1000ppm of vegetable juice (product name; one vegetable per day, manufactured by Kagome Co., Ltd.) added to this module Liquid 20%). The permeate and concentrate were discharged out of the system. When the filtration amount per membrane area reached 500 L / m 2 , the filtration was stopped and replaced with tap water, and then the pure water permeation ability of the module was measured in the same manner as before the vegetable juice filtration. m 2 · hr. This was 49% of the initial pure water permeation capacity.

(浸漬濯ぎ洗浄)
このモジュールに、界面活性剤(ウルトラジル53,エコラボ社製)1質量%を溶かした水道水(洗浄水)を、圧力50kPaで膜モジュールの原水側からモジュール内部に送り、膜モジュール内部を満水にした。この状態で、1時間常温で放置した後、濾過する原水で20分間リンスした。その後、純水透過能力は589L/m・hrまで回復した。これは初期の純水透過能力の98%であった。
(Immersion washing)
To this module, tap water (cleaning water) in which 1% by mass of a surfactant (Ultragil 53, manufactured by Ecolab) was dissolved was sent from the raw water side of the membrane module to the inside of the module at a pressure of 50 kPa to fill the inside of the membrane module with water. did. In this state, after being left at room temperature for 1 hour, it was rinsed with raw water to be filtered for 20 minutes. Thereafter, the pure water permeation ability recovered to 589 L / m 2 · hr. This was 98% of the initial pure water permeation capacity.

比較例1
界面活性剤に代えて次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液を用いた以外は、すべて実施例1と同様の方法で行った。その結果、濾過直後(膜面積あたりの濾過量が、500L/mに達した直後)の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して52%まで低下した。その後、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液(遊離塩素濃度50ppm)を用いて実施例1の浸漬濯ぎ洗浄と同様にして洗浄したところ、洗浄後の純水透過能力は初期の純水透過能力に対して75%であった。
Comparative Example 1
All were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution was used instead of the surfactant. As a result, the pure water permeation capability immediately after filtration (immediately after the filtration amount per membrane area reached 500 L / m 2 ) decreased to 52% of the initial pure water permeation capability. Then, when it wash | cleaned similarly to the immersion rinse washing | cleaning of Example 1 using sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (free chlorine concentration 50ppm), the pure water permeation ability after washing | cleaning is 75 with respect to the initial pure water permeation ability. %Met.

実施例2
膜をポリエーテルサルホン製(FUS1582;内径0.8mm,外径1.3mm,分画分子量15万ダルトン)に代え、使用する界面活性剤をウルトラジル11(エコラボ社)にした以外は、全く実施例1と同様にして、モジュールを作製し、全く同様の濾過処理を行った。
Example 2
Except that the membrane was replaced with polyethersulfone (FUS1582; inner diameter 0.8 mm, outer diameter 1.3 mm, molecular weight cut off 150,000 Dalton), and the surfactant used was Ultrasil 11 (Ecolab) A module was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same filtration treatment was performed.

その結果、濾過直後(膜面積あたりの濾過量が、500L/mに達した直後)の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して10%まで低下した。しかし、実施例1と同じ浸漬濯ぎ洗浄後の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して95%まで回復した。 As a result, the pure water permeation capability immediately after filtration (immediately after the filtration amount per membrane area reached 500 L / m 2 ) decreased to 10% of the initial pure water permeation capability. However, the pure water permeation ability after the same immersion rinse cleaning as in Example 1 recovered to 95% of the initial pure water permeation ability.

比較例2
界面活性剤を水酸化ナトリウムと次亜塩素酸ナトリウムに代えた以外は、すべて実施例2と同様の方法で実験を行った。その結果、濾過直後(膜面積あたりの濾過量が、500L/mに達した直後)の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して8%まで低下した。
Comparative Example 2
All experiments were performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the surfactant was replaced with sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite. As a result, the pure water permeation ability immediately after filtration (immediately after the filtration amount per membrane area reached 500 L / m 2 ) decreased to 8% of the initial pure water permeation ability.

水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1質量%)を用いて、実施例1の浸漬濯ぎ洗浄と同様にして洗浄した後の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して24%であった。   The pure water permeation ability after washing in the same manner as the immersion rinse washing in Example 1 using an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1% by mass) was 24% with respect to the initial pure water permeation ability.

その後、更に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液(遊離塩素濃度500ppm)用いて、実施例1の浸漬濯ぎ洗浄と同様にして洗浄した後の純水透過能力は、初期の純水透過能力に対して32%であった。


Thereafter, the pure water permeation ability after washing using the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (free chlorine concentration 500 ppm) in the same manner as the immersion rinse washing of Example 1 is 32% of the initial pure water permeation ability. Met.


Claims (4)

野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を処理した濾過膜モジュールの濾過性能回復方法であって、前記濾過膜モジュール内の濾過膜を界面活性剤水溶液で洗浄する、濾過性能回復方法。   A method for recovering the filtration performance of a filtration membrane module obtained by treating plant wastewater containing vegetables and / or fruits, wherein the filtration membrane in the filtration membrane module is washed with a surfactant aqueous solution. 界面活性剤を含む水溶液からなる洗浄水を、濾過膜モジュールの原水供給側から98kPa以下の圧力で供給し、洗浄水、濃縮液及び透過液で濾過膜モジュール内部を満たし、浸漬放置した後、原水を通液して、濾過膜モジュール内部の界面活性剤水溶液を排出する、請求項1記載の濾過性能回復方法。   Washing water composed of an aqueous solution containing a surfactant is supplied from the raw water supply side of the filtration membrane module at a pressure of 98 kPa or less, fills the inside of the filtration membrane module with washing water, a concentrated solution and a permeate, and is left to be immersed in the raw water. The filtration performance recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant aqueous solution in the filtration membrane module is discharged through the filtration membrane module. 濾過膜モジュールの濾過膜が疎水性材料からなる膜である、請求項1又は2記載の濾過性能回復方法。   The filtration performance recovery method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filtration membrane of the filtration membrane module is a membrane made of a hydrophobic material. 野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄排水を濾過膜モジュールで処理し、処理水を野菜及び/又は果物を含む植物の洗浄水として循環使用するための濾過処理方法であって、
濾過運転を停止して、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の濾過性能回復方法により、濾過膜モジュールの濾過膜を処理する、濾過処理方法。


A filtration treatment method for treating washing wastewater of plants containing vegetables and / or fruits with a filtration membrane module, and circulating the treated water as washing water for plants containing vegetables and / or fruits,
The filtration processing method which stops a filtration driving | operation and processes the filtration membrane of a filtration membrane module with the filtration performance recovery method in any one of Claims 1-3.


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