JP2007180135A - Transformer - Google Patents
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- JP2007180135A JP2007180135A JP2005374489A JP2005374489A JP2007180135A JP 2007180135 A JP2007180135 A JP 2007180135A JP 2005374489 A JP2005374489 A JP 2005374489A JP 2005374489 A JP2005374489 A JP 2005374489A JP 2007180135 A JP2007180135 A JP 2007180135A
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、変圧器の構成に関わり、特に非晶質(アモルファス)金属箔帯を用いた巻鉄心鉄心の構造に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a structure of a transformer, and more particularly, to a structure of a wound iron core using an amorphous metal foil strip.
本発明に関した従来技術として、例えば、特許文献1や特許文献2がある。前者は非晶質金属箔帯を用いた巻鉄心の製造方法、及び、接合構造に関わる技術が記載されている。後者は非晶質金属箔帯を用いた巻鉄心において、重ね合わせ接合(オーバーラップ)構造を基本接合として有する鉄心製造方法及び接合構造に関する技術が記載されている。
図2は変圧器の構成例図を示す。図2において、3は変圧器、4は電気回路を構成する巻線、1は磁気回路を形成する鉄心、5は変圧器を機械的に保護する容器である。鉄心1は例えば0.02〜0.60[mm]の帯状磁性材を複数層積層し形成されている。該複数層に積層される帯状磁性材は、その両端部が互いに重なりながら、環状に形成される。
FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the transformer. In FIG. 2, 3 is a transformer, 4 is a winding constituting an electric circuit, 1 is an iron core forming a magnetic circuit, and 5 is a container for mechanically protecting the transformer. The
ここで、鉄心1のような環状の磁気回路において、磁気抵抗R(AT/Wb)は、鉄心の断面積A(m2)に反比例し、磁路長
(m)に比例する。ここで透磁率をμとすると、磁気抵抗Rは次式で表される。
R=λ/(μ・A) (AT/Wb)
ここで、磁路長λが大きくなったとき、磁気抵抗Rは比例して大きくなる。巻鉄心においては内周よりも外周の磁路長が大きいので、磁気抵抗Rは内周よりも外周のほうが大きくなる。従って、磁束は磁気抵抗Rの小さい鉄心内側に集中して磁束密度が高くなり、外側に向かって磁束密度が低くなる。このとき、内外の磁束密度の差によって磁束波形に歪みが生じ、これが異常損失を発生させ鉄心へ成形したときの特性の悪化を招いている。なお、帯状磁性材に非晶質(アモルファス)金属薄帯を用いた場合は特にこの影響が大きい。
Here, in the annular magnetic circuit such as the
Proportional to (m). Here, when the magnetic permeability is μ, the magnetic resistance R is expressed by the following equation.
R = λ / (μ · A) (AT / Wb)
Here, when the magnetic path length λ increases, the magnetoresistance R increases proportionally. In the wound core, the magnetic path length on the outer periphery is larger than that on the inner periphery, so that the magnetic resistance R is larger on the outer periphery than on the inner periphery. Therefore, the magnetic flux is concentrated inside the iron core having a small magnetic resistance R, the magnetic flux density is increased, and the magnetic flux density is decreased toward the outer side. At this time, the magnetic flux waveform is distorted due to the difference between the magnetic flux density inside and outside, and this causes an abnormal loss, which leads to deterioration of characteristics when formed into an iron core. Note that this influence is particularly great when an amorphous metal ribbon is used for the belt-shaped magnetic material.
ここで、従来は、特許文献1や特許文献2のように、巻鉄心の接合部を重ね合わせる構造とすることで、鉄心の内外磁路長差による磁束密度の差を調整し、内側の磁束集中を緩和させ特性を改善する方法であった。
Conventionally, as in
図3は、鉄心の成形後に、鉄心成形時に材料内部にかかった機械応力の開放と鉄心の磁化を目的として行われる励磁焼鈍において、非晶質金属箔帯の焼鈍温度と特性の概略図を示す。図3において無負荷損特性は300〜360℃で大きく改善するが、それ以上の温度ではその変化が鈍る。ところが皮相電力特性に関しては、無負荷損特性と異なり、焼鈍温度が上がればさらに改善するということが分かる。これは非晶質金属薄帯の素材透磁率のみが大きく変わっていることを示す。本発明は、非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率が焼鈍温度と時間に密接に関係していることを利用して、巻鉄心の内側から外側に向かって焼鈍条件を良好にさせる加工を行い、巻鉄心内外の透磁率を変化させ、内外の磁気抵抗を一定にし磁束密度の均一化を行い、特性を改善する方法である。 FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the annealing temperature and characteristics of an amorphous metal foil band in the excitation annealing performed for the purpose of releasing the mechanical stress applied to the inside of the material and forming the iron core after the iron core is formed. . In FIG. 3, the no-load loss characteristic is greatly improved at 300 to 360 ° C., but the change is slow at higher temperatures. However, regarding the apparent power characteristic, it can be seen that, unlike the no-load loss characteristic, it improves further when the annealing temperature rises. This indicates that only the material permeability of the amorphous metal ribbon is greatly changed. The present invention makes use of the fact that the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip is closely related to the annealing temperature and time, and performs processing to improve the annealing condition from the inside to the outside of the wound core, This is a method of improving the characteristics by changing the magnetic permeability inside and outside the wound core, making the inside and outside magnetic resistance constant, and making the magnetic flux density uniform.
すなわち、本発明は、非晶質金属箔帯を複数層に環状に成形した鉄心と励磁用のコイルを備えて成る変圧器であって、上記鉄心は、非晶質金属箔帯の単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値が最小又はほぼ最小の層が2層以上ある変圧器である。 That is, the present invention is a transformer comprising an iron core in which an amorphous metal foil strip is annularly formed into a plurality of layers and an exciting coil, and the iron core has a unit length of the amorphous metal foil strip. This is a transformer having two or more layers having the minimum or almost the minimum value of the product of the perimeter magnetic resistance and the circumference.
また、本発明は、非晶質金属箔帯を複数層に環状に成形した鉄心と励磁用のコイルを備えて成る変圧器であって、上記鉄心は、全層から任意に選択した2つの層について、内側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率が外側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率より低い変圧器である。 The present invention is also a transformer comprising an iron core formed by annularly forming amorphous metal foil strips into a plurality of layers and an exciting coil, the iron core comprising two layers arbitrarily selected from all layers Is a transformer in which the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip disposed inside is lower than the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip disposed outside.
そして、本発明は、上記鉄心は、励磁焼鈍時に内周側の入熱を少なく、外周側を多くすることで、内周から外周に向かって非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率を高くし、各層すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされている変圧器である。 And this invention, the above-mentioned iron core increases the magnetic permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery by reducing the heat input on the inner periphery side during excitation annealing and increasing the outer periphery side, This is a transformer in which the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length and the circumference of each layer is made uniform.
更に、本発明は、上記鉄心は、積層方向に2つ以上の分割鉄心からなり、分割鉄心ごとに熱エネルギーが与えられ、分割鉄心に与える熱エネルギーは、より内側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より低透磁率となるよう適正焼鈍条件より入熱エネルギーが小さく、より外側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より適正焼鈍条件に近い励磁焼鈍を施すことで、鉄心の内側から外側に向かって分割鉄心ごとに透磁率を高くし、各分割鉄心すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされている変圧器である。 Furthermore, in the present invention, the iron core is composed of two or more divided iron cores in the stacking direction, and thermal energy is given to each divided iron core. Divided cores from the inside to the outside of the core by applying excitation annealing that is closer to the proper annealing conditions for the split cores that are placed on the outer side with lower heat input energy than the appropriate annealing conditions so that the magnetic permeability is lower. This is a transformer in which the magnetic permeability is increased for each of the divided cores, and the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length and the circumference of each divided iron core is made uniform.
また、本発明は、上記鉄心は、積層方向に2つ以上の分割鉄心からなり、各分割鉄心ごとに励磁磁界が与えられ、分割鉄心に与える励磁磁界は、より内側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より低透磁率となるよう適正条件から離れた条件で焼鈍され、より外側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より適正条件に近い励磁焼鈍を施すことで、鉄心の内側から外側に向かって分割鉄心ごとに透磁率を高くし、各分割鉄心すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされている変圧器である。 In the present invention, the iron core includes two or more divided iron cores in the stacking direction, and an excitation magnetic field is given to each of the divided iron cores. The split cores that are annealed under conditions away from the proper conditions so as to have a lower magnetic permeability and are arranged on the outer side are subjected to excitation annealing that is closer to the proper conditions. This is a transformer in which the magnetic permeability is increased for each of the divided cores, and the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length and the circumference of each divided iron core is made uniform.
そして、本発明は、上記鉄心は、非晶質金属箔の両端の重ね合わせ部を巻き回す方向へずらされて配置される変圧器である。 And this invention is a transformer by which the said iron core is shifted and arrange | positioned in the direction which winds the overlap part of the both ends of amorphous metal foil.
従来の方法では巻鉄心の内外の薄帯長さを細かく調整する必要があったが、本発明では、励磁焼鈍での作業を工夫することで特性を改善させることが可能であり、また、同一の組成材料による磁束密度の均一化を図った鉄心を用いた変圧器を提供することができる。 In the conventional method, it was necessary to finely adjust the length of the ribbon inside and outside the wound core, but in the present invention, it is possible to improve the characteristics by devising the work in excitation annealing, and the same It is possible to provide a transformer using an iron core in which the magnetic flux density is made uniform by the composition material.
本発明を実施するための最良の形態を説明する。
以下、本発明の変圧器の実施例について、図面を用いて説明する。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the transformer of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
実施例1を説明する。図1、2、4は本発明の第1の実施例を示す。図1において、巻鉄心1を励磁焼鈍する際に巻鉄心の内外から成形するための成形型2を使用するが、この内側の成形型そのもの、または図4のように成形型のさらに内側へ断熱材6を設けることで、巻鉄心の内側からの熱の流入を減らす構造とする。これにより、意図的に内側へ向かうほど非晶質金属箔帯の焼鈍温度を低下させて焼鈍不足が起こり、内側での透磁率を悪化させることができる。このようにして得た鉄心は、内側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率が外側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率より低くなり、変圧器使用時の鉄心内側への磁束集中が緩和される。
Example 1 will be described. 1, 2 and 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, when the
なお、図5は成形型の内側に断熱材を設けたときの試作鉄心の実測データであり、断熱材を設けずに同じ焼鈍条件で行った鉄心よりも特性が5%ほど改善されていた。また、磁束密度が低い領域ほど非常に有効であることが分かる。 FIG. 5 shows actual measurement data of the prototype core when the heat insulating material is provided inside the mold, and the characteristics are improved by about 5% as compared with the iron core performed under the same annealing condition without providing the heat insulating material. Moreover, it turns out that the area | region where magnetic flux density is low is very effective.
また、ある層の厚さをdとし、一周長さをLとし、単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗をrとし、そして、鉄心の形状が長方形かつ角部分が円弧であり、両端重ね合わせ部の磁気抵抗が無視できる程度に小さいとすると、1つ外側の層の一周長さはL+2πdであるから、1つ外側の層の単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗をdL/(L+2πd)とすれば、2つの層の全磁気抵抗の値は均一となる。単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗を調整して均一化する際に、値に幅を持たせることは可能であり、製造コストや磁気特性などを考慮して99%〜101%としてもほぼ均一であり、磁束集中を緩和させることができる。 Further, the thickness of a certain layer is d, the circumferential length is L, the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length is r, the iron core is rectangular and the corners are arcs, If the magnetic resistance of the outer layer is small enough to be ignored, the circumferential length of one outer layer is L + 2πd, so the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length of the outer layer is dL / (L + 2πd). For example, the total magnetoresistance values of the two layers are uniform. When adjusting the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length to make it uniform, it is possible to give a wide range of values, and considering the manufacturing cost and magnetic characteristics, 99% to 101% is almost uniform. It is possible to alleviate magnetic flux concentration.
鉄心を構成する複数層について、非晶質金属箔帯の単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値が最小又はほぼ最小の層が2層以上、好ましくは全層の3分の1以上、更に好ましくは半分以上とするのが良い。 Regarding the plurality of layers constituting the iron core, two or more layers having a minimum or almost minimum value of the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length of the amorphous metal foil strip and one round length are two or more, preferably 3 of all layers. It is good to set it to 1 or more, more preferably half or more.
実施例2を説明する。図6は本発明の第2の実施例を示す。図6において、非晶質金属箔帯巻鉄心1を内外で複数ブロックに分けた、または、組み合わせると一つになるように別々のブロックで製作した分割巻鉄心1a,1b,1cにおいて、内側のブロック1cでは焼鈍温度を低く、または時間を短くし、外側のブロックへ移るほど適正な焼鈍温度または時間に近い条件で別々に励磁焼鈍を行った後、それらのブロックを組み合わせて巻鉄心1にする。実施例1と同様、内側から外側のブロックへ向かうほど焼鈍条件を適正にして処理しており、内外の磁気抵抗を均一化して特性を改善させることができる。
A second embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the amorphous metal foil
実施例3を説明する。本実施例は、実施例2と同様に非晶質金属箔帯巻鉄心を内外で複数ブロックに分けた、または組み合わせると一つになるように別々のブロックとして製作した巻鉄心1a,1b,1cにおいて、内側のブロックでは印加する磁界強度を弱め、外側のブロックへ移るほど適正な磁界強度に近い条件で別々に励磁焼鈍を行った後、それらのブロックを組み合わせて巻鉄心1にする。実施例2と同様、内側から外側へ向かうほど透磁率を変化させることができ、内外の磁気抵抗を均一化して特性を改善させることが可能となる。
A third embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the amorphous metal foil strip wound core is divided into a plurality of blocks inside or outside as in the second embodiment, or the
1 鉄心
1a,1b,1c 分割巻鉄心
2 成形型
3 変圧器
4 巻線
5 変圧器タンク
6 断熱材
1
Claims (6)
上記鉄心は、非晶質金属箔帯の単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値が最小又はほぼ最小の層が2層以上あることを特徴とする変圧器。 A transformer comprising an iron core formed by annularly forming an amorphous metal foil strip into a plurality of layers and an exciting coil,
The transformer according to claim 1, wherein the iron core has two or more layers having a minimum or almost minimum product value of a circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length of the amorphous metal foil strip and a round length.
上記鉄心は、全層から任意に選択した2つの層について、内側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率が外側に配置される非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率より低いことを特徴とする変圧器。 A transformer comprising an iron core formed by annularly forming an amorphous metal foil strip into a plurality of layers and an exciting coil,
The iron core is characterized in that the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip disposed on the inner side is lower than the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip disposed on the outer side of two layers arbitrarily selected from all layers. Transformer.
上記鉄心は、励磁焼鈍時に内周側の入熱を少なく、外周側を多くすることで、内周から外周に向かって非晶質金属箔帯の透磁率を高くし、各層すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされていることを特徴とする変圧器。 The transformer according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The above iron core reduces the heat input on the inner circumference side during excitation annealing and increases the outer circumference side, thereby increasing the permeability of the amorphous metal foil strip from the inner circumference toward the outer circumference, and the unit length of all layers. A transformer characterized in that the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per contact and the circumference is uniform.
上記鉄心は、積層方向に2つ以上の分割鉄心からなり、分割鉄心ごとに熱エネルギーが与えられ、分割鉄心に与える熱エネルギーは、より内側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より低透磁率となるよう適正焼鈍条件より入熱エネルギーが小さく、より外側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より適正焼鈍条件に近い励磁焼鈍を施すことで、鉄心の内側から外側に向かって分割鉄心ごとに透磁率を高くし、各分割鉄心すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされていることを特徴とする変圧器。 The transformer according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The iron core is composed of two or more divided iron cores in the stacking direction, and heat energy is given to each divided iron core, and the heat energy given to the divided iron core is lower in permeability as the divided iron core is arranged on the inner side. The heat input energy is smaller than the proper annealing conditions, and the more the divided cores arranged on the outer side, the higher the magnetic permeability for each divided core from the inner side to the outer side by applying excitation annealing closer to the appropriate annealing conditions. The transformer is characterized in that the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length and the circumference of each divided iron core is made uniform.
上記鉄心は、積層方向に2つ以上の分割鉄心からなり、各分割鉄心ごとに励磁磁界が与えられ、分割鉄心に与える励磁磁界は、より内側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より低透磁率となるよう適正条件から離れた条件で焼鈍され、より外側に配置される分割鉄心ほど、より適正条件に近い励磁焼鈍を施すことで、鉄心の内側から外側に向かって分割鉄心ごとに透磁率を高くし、各分割鉄心すべての単位長さ当りの周方向磁気抵抗と一周長さとの積の値の均一化がなされていることを特徴とする変圧器。 The transformer according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The iron core is composed of two or more divided iron cores in the stacking direction, and an excitation magnetic field is given to each divided iron core. The excitation magnetic field applied to the divided iron cores has a lower magnetic permeability as the divided iron core is arranged on the inner side. As the split iron cores are annealed under conditions away from the proper conditions and arranged on the outer side, the magnetic permeability increases for each of the split iron cores from the inside to the outside of the iron core by applying excitation annealing closer to the proper conditions. The transformer is characterized in that the product of the circumferential magnetic resistance per unit length and the circumference of each divided iron core is made uniform.
上記鉄心は、非晶質金属箔の両端の重ね合わせ部を巻き回す方向へずらされて配置されることを特徴とする変圧器。 The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The said iron core is shifted and arrange | positioned in the direction wound around the overlapping part of the both ends of an amorphous metal foil, The transformer characterized by the above-mentioned.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8375569B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-02-19 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for manufacturing a transformer core |
WO2013156397A1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-24 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic core with position-dependent permeability |
JP2017187345A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Magnetic property measurement device |
JP2020150089A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Iron core, method of manufacturing wound iron core, method of manufacturing laminated iron core and method of manufacturing electromagnetic steel sheet for iron core |
JP2021163943A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-11 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Winding iron core, manufacturing method of winding iron core, and winding iron core manufacturing device |
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US8375569B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-02-19 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for manufacturing a transformer core |
US9013263B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2015-04-21 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. | Wound iron core for static apparatus, amorphous transformer and coil winding frame for transformer |
US9601256B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2017-03-21 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. | Wound iron core for static apparatus, amorphous transformer and coil winding frame for transformer |
WO2010026898A1 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-11 | 株式会社日立産機システム | Wound iron core for static apparatus, amorphous transformer and coil winding frame for transformer |
US9941040B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2018-04-10 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic core with position-dependent permeability |
WO2013156397A1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-24 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic core with position-dependent permeability |
CN104620336A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2015-05-13 | 真空融化两合公司 | Soft magnetic core with position-dependent permeability |
US9812237B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2017-11-07 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic core with position-dependent permeability |
JP2017187345A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Magnetic property measurement device |
JP2020150089A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Iron core, method of manufacturing wound iron core, method of manufacturing laminated iron core and method of manufacturing electromagnetic steel sheet for iron core |
JP7167779B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2022-11-09 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Method for manufacturing iron core, wound iron core, method for manufacturing stacked iron core, and method for manufacturing electromagnetic steel sheet for iron core |
JP2021163943A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-11 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Winding iron core, manufacturing method of winding iron core, and winding iron core manufacturing device |
JP7372549B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2023-11-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Wound iron core, wound iron core manufacturing method, and wound iron core manufacturing device |
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