JP2007167319A - Hip joint load reliever - Google Patents
Hip joint load reliever Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007167319A JP2007167319A JP2005368570A JP2005368570A JP2007167319A JP 2007167319 A JP2007167319 A JP 2007167319A JP 2005368570 A JP2005368570 A JP 2005368570A JP 2005368570 A JP2005368570 A JP 2005368570A JP 2007167319 A JP2007167319 A JP 2007167319A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/567—Joint mechanisms or joint supports in addition to the natural joints and outside the joint gaps
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Abstract
Description
本発明は股関節免荷具に関し、例えば大腿骨頭壊死症の患者の股関節に適用して好適なものである。 The present invention relates to a hip joint unloading device, which is suitable for application to the hip joint of a patient with femoral head necrosis, for example.
近年、大腿骨頭壊死症においては、Ｘ線像に骨頭の変形が表れない初期の段階のものや、骨頭の変形破壊が進み、変形性股関節症にまで進行した段階のものまであり、その治療法は疾患の進行状況によって大きく異なる。例えば壊死した範囲が広がり、骨頭がつぶれてしまった段階では、股関節を温存する治療が困難となり、患者の股関節を人工股関節に置換する手術、いわゆる人工股関節置換術が一般に行われている（例えば特許文献１参照）。 In recent years, femoral head necrosis includes those in the initial stage where the deformation of the head of the bone is not shown in the X-ray image, and those in the stage where the deformation and destruction of the head of the bone has progressed to progress to osteoarthritis. Depends greatly on the progress of the disease. For example, at the stage where the necrotic area has expanded and the head of the bone has collapsed, it is difficult to preserve the hip joint, and surgery to replace the patient's hip joint with an artificial hip joint, so-called hip replacement, is commonly performed (for example, patents). Reference 1).
これに対して、将来的に骨頭の変形が予想される場合や骨頭が僅かに変形している段階においては、骨切り術や骨移植等の関節温存手術が一般的に行なわれている。
ところで、かかる関節温存手術による治療法では、術後長期に亘る大腿骨骨頭の免荷が必要となるが、この場合、術後股関節の動きを制限することなく、壊死を生じた大腿骨骨頭への負担を極力軽減させることが望ましい。 By the way, in the treatment method by such joint preserving surgery, it is necessary to release the femoral head for a long time after the operation. In this case, without restricting the movement of the hip joint after the operation, to the femoral head where necrosis occurred. It is desirable to reduce this burden as much as possible.
そこで、本発明は以上の問題点を考慮してなされたもので、股関節の動きを制限することなく大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができる股関節免荷具を提供しようとするものである。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hip joint unloading device that can reliably perform femoral head unloading without restricting the movement of the hip joint. is there.
本発明の請求項１記載の股関節免荷具は、腸骨に固定する腸骨固定部と、前記腸骨の下方にある大腿骨に固定する大腿骨固定部と、前記腸骨固定部に対して前記大腿骨固定部を所定方向に回動自在に連結し、前記腸骨固定部からの荷重を支持するアーム部とを備えることを特徴とするものである。 The hip joint unloading device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a iliac bone fixing portion that is fixed to the iliac bone, a femoral fixing portion that is fixed to the femur below the iliac bone, and the iliac bone fixing portion. The femoral fixation part is pivotally connected in a predetermined direction, and an arm part for supporting a load from the iliac fixation part is provided.
また、本発明の請求項２記載の股関節免荷具は、前記アーム部は、前記腸骨に対して前記大腿骨固定部を腸骨水平方向に回動自在に連結する内外旋用回動部を備えることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the hip joint unloader according to claim 2 of the present invention, the arm portion is a rotation portion for internal and external rotations that rotatably connects the femoral fixing portion to the iliac in the iliac horizontal direction. It is characterized by providing.
さらに、本発明の請求項３記載の股関節免荷具は、前記アーム部は、前記腸骨に対して前記大腿骨固定部を腸骨側部方向に回動自在に連結する股関節開閉用ヒンジ部を備えることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the hip joint unloading device according to claim 3 of the present invention, the arm portion is a hinge joint opening / closing hinge portion for connecting the femoral fixing portion to the iliac so as to be rotatable in the iliac side portion direction. It is characterized by providing.
さらに、本発明の請求項４記載の股関節免荷具は、前記アーム部は、前記腸骨に対して前記大腿骨固定部を腸骨前後方向に回動自在に連結する股関節前後用ヒンジ部を備えることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the hip joint unloading device according to claim 4 of the present invention, the arm portion includes a hip joint front-rear hinge portion for connecting the femoral fixing portion to the iliac so as to be rotatable in the iliac front-rear direction. It is characterized by comprising.
さらに、本発明の請求項５記載の股関節免荷具は、前記内外旋用回動機構部は、前記アーム部の一端と前記腸骨固定部との間に設けられた第１の回動部と、前記アーム部の他端と前記大腿骨固定部との間に設けられた第２の回動部とであることを特徴とするものである。 Further, in the hip joint unloader according to claim 5 of the present invention, the internal / external rotation mechanism is a first rotation part provided between one end of the arm part and the iliac fixation part. And a second rotating part provided between the other end of the arm part and the femur fixing part.
さらに、本発明の請求項６記載の股関節免荷具は、前記アーム部は、回動連結部を介して軸心を中心にして周方向に回動自在に連結された構成でなることを特徴とするものである。 Further, the hip joint unloading device according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the arm portion is configured to be pivotably connected in the circumferential direction around the axis through the pivot coupling portion. It is what.
さらに、本発明の請求項７記載の股関節免荷具は、前記アーム部には、前記大腿骨固定部を所定方向に回動自在に可動させる自在継手が設けられていることを特徴とするものである。 Furthermore, the hip joint unloading device according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that the arm portion is provided with a universal joint that allows the femoral fixing portion to rotate in a predetermined direction. It is.
本発明の請求項１記載の股関節免荷具によれば、股関節にかかる荷重を分散させることができるとともに、股関節を所定方向に回動させることもでき、かくして股関節の動きを制限することなく大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができる。 According to the hip joint unloading device of the first aspect of the present invention, the load applied to the hip joint can be dispersed, and the hip joint can also be rotated in a predetermined direction, and thus the thigh without restricting the movement of the hip joint. The bone head can be reliably unloaded.
また、本発明の請求項２記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に内旋及び外旋させることができる。 In addition, according to the hip joint unloading device described in claim 2 of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be freely rotated in and out.
さらに、本発明の請求項３記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に内転及び外転させることできる。 Further, according to the hip joint unloading device of the third aspect of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be freely rotated inward and outward.
さらに、本発明の請求項４記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に屈曲及び伸展させることができる。 Furthermore, according to the hip joint unloading device described in claim 4 of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded and the hip joint can be flexed and extended freely.
さらに、本発明の請求項５記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を一段と自由に内旋及び外旋させることができる。 Further, according to the hip joint unloading device according to claim 5 of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded and the hip joint can be further freely rotated in and out.
さらに、本発明の請求項６記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節をさらに一段と自由に動かすことができる。 Further, according to the hip joint unloading device of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded and the hip joint can be moved further freely.
さらに、本発明の請求項７記載の股関節免荷具によれば、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節をさらに一段と自由に動かすことができる。 Furthermore, according to the hip joint unloading device of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded and the hip joint can be moved further freely.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
（１）第１の実施の形態
図１（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）において、１は全体として人体の腸骨及び腸骨下方にある大腿骨に固定可能な股関節免荷具を示し、この股関節免荷具１は、軽さと強度を合わせ持ちながら人体への適合性に富むチタン合金やセラミック等で形成されており、腸骨固定部２が股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３を介してアーム部４の一端に連結され、当該アーム部４の他端には股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を介して大腿骨固定部６が連結されている。
(1) First Embodiment In FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), 1 indicates a hip joint unloader that can be fixed to the iliac bone of the human body and the femur below the iliac as a whole. The luggage 1 is formed of a titanium alloy or ceramic that has both lightness and strength and is highly compatible with the human body. The iliac fixation part 2 is connected to one end of the arm part 4 via the hip joint opening / closing hinge part 3. The femoral fixation part 6 is connected to the other end of the arm part 4 via the hip joint front / rear hinge part 5.
図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）に示すように、腸骨固定部２には、ほぼ台形状でなり一面側が腸骨に直接取り付けられる固定板７と、当該固定板７の他面中央位置から突出した連結部８とが設けられ、固定板７には複数のボルト用孔（図示せず）が連結部８を挟んで穿設されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), the iliac fixation part 2 has a substantially trapezoidal shape and one surface side directly attached to the iliac, and a center position of the other surface of the fixation plate 7. A protruding connecting portion 8 is provided, and a plurality of bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the fixing plate 7 with the connecting portion 8 interposed therebetween.
各ボルト用孔には、腸骨に固定するためのボルト10が取り付けられるようになされている。なお、この固定板７の一面には上部及び下部に位置決め用の突起部９が設けられている。 A bolt 10 for fixing to the iliac bone is attached to each bolt hole. A positioning projection 9 is provided on one surface of the fixed plate 7 at the upper and lower portions.
連結部８には、図１（Ｂ）に示したように、突出した下面に保持孔11が設けられており、当該保持孔11に股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３の第１の回動部15が水平方向D1（図１（Ａ））に回動自在に取り付けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the connecting portion 8 is provided with a holding hole 11 on the protruded lower surface, and the first turning portion 15 of the hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3 is provided in the holding hole 11. It is rotatably attached in the horizontal direction D1 (FIG. 1A).
この場合、連結部８には、対向する側面間に貫通した挿入孔12が穿設されており、この挿入孔12によって円筒形状でなる保持孔11の内周面の一部に断面半円形状の凹状部13が形成されている。 In this case, the connecting portion 8 is provided with an insertion hole 12 penetrating between the opposing side surfaces, and the insertion hole 12 forms a semicircular cross-section in a part of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical holding hole 11. The concave portion 13 is formed.
保持孔11には、股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３の一端に形成されたほぼ円柱形状でなる第１の回動部15が軸受メタル16を介在させて挿入され、当該第１の回動部15の外周面に位置固定用として形成された断面半円形状でなる環状凹部17が、保持孔11内の凹状部13に対向するように位置決めされ、この状態のまま挿入孔12に円柱形状のビス18が嵌合固定され得る。 A first rotating portion 15 having a substantially cylindrical shape formed at one end of the hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3 is inserted into the holding hole 11 with a bearing metal 16 interposed therebetween. An annular recess 17 having a semicircular cross section formed for fixing the position on the outer peripheral surface is positioned so as to face the recess 13 in the holding hole 11, and a cylindrical screw 18 is inserted into the insertion hole 12 in this state. Can be fitted and fixed.
なお、軸受メタル16は、軟質で耐磨耗性があり、かつ人体への適合性に富む材質で形成され、股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３をスムーズに回動させ得るようになされている。 The bearing metal 16 is made of a material that is soft, wear-resistant, and has a high compatibility with the human body, and can smoothly rotate the hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3.
かくして股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３は、保持孔11に固定されたビス18が第１の回動部15の環状凹部17に嵌め込まれることにより、当該保持孔11から脱落することなく水平方向D1に回動自在に取り付けられる。 Thus, the hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3 is rotated in the horizontal direction D1 without dropping from the holding hole 11 by fitting the screw 18 fixed to the holding hole 11 into the annular recess 17 of the first rotating portion 15. Mounted freely.
股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３には、同一形状の段部を対向面に備えた駒部20が形成されており、この駒部20のほぼ中心位置に枢支孔21が穿設されている。この駒部20は、アーム部４の一端にある断面コ字状でなる二股部22の隙間に差し込まれ、二股部22に形成された枢支孔（図示せず）及び駒部20の枢支孔21にねじ等の締結手段25が取り付けられ、これにより水平方向D1と直交する開閉方向D2にアーム部４を回動自在に可動させ得るようになされている。 The hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3 is formed with a piece portion 20 having a stepped portion of the same shape on the opposing surface, and a pivotal support hole 21 is formed at a substantially central position of the piece portion 20. The piece portion 20 is inserted into a gap between the bifurcated portion 22 having a U-shaped cross section at one end of the arm portion 4, and a pivot hole (not shown) formed in the forked portion 22 and the pivot portion of the piece portion 20. Fastening means 25 such as a screw is attached to the hole 21 so that the arm portion 4 can be rotated in an opening / closing direction D2 orthogonal to the horizontal direction D1.
ここでアーム部４は、二股部22と、当該二股部22と一体成形され、ほぼ直線状に延びたアーム本体26と、アーム本体26の先端に一体形成され、腸骨固定部２から遠ざかる方向（以下、外方と呼ぶ）へ所定角度に傾斜した支持軸部27とを備えている。 Here, the arm portion 4 is integrally formed with the bifurcated portion 22, the bifurcated portion 22, extending substantially linearly, and integrally formed at the distal end of the arm main body 26, and away from the iliac fixation portion 2. And a support shaft portion 27 inclined at a predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as “outside”).
因みに、この実施の形態の場合、アーム本体26の軸心と支持軸部27の軸心と上部側間の角度は、腸骨固定部２を腸骨に固定した際に、大腿骨の大転子がある位置に位置決めされ、かつアーム部４において腸骨からの荷重を支持できるように約１３５度程度に選定されている。 Incidentally, in the case of this embodiment, the angle between the axis of the arm body 26 and the axis of the support shaft 27 and the upper side is such that when the iliac fixation part 2 is fixed to the iliac, It is selected at about 135 degrees so that the child can be positioned at a certain position and can support the load from the iliac bone in the arm portion 4.
アーム部４の他端となる支持軸部27には、大腿骨固定部６が股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を介して水平方向D1及び開閉方向D2と直交する前後方向D3（図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ））に回動自在に取り付けられている。 In the support shaft portion 27 which is the other end of the arm portion 4, the femoral fixing portion 6 is inserted through the hip joint front-rear hinge portion 5 in the horizontal direction D1 and the front-rear direction D3 orthogonal to the opening / closing direction D2 (FIG. (B)) is rotatably attached.
この場合、支持軸部27は、ほぼ円柱形状からなりその径がアーム本体26よりも小さく形成され、股関節前後用ヒンジ部５の軸受け部28に取り付けられている。 In this case, the support shaft portion 27 has a substantially columnar shape and is formed to have a diameter smaller than that of the arm body 26 and is attached to the bearing portion 28 of the hip joint front-rear hinge portion 5.
軸受け部28は、同一形状でなる段部30を対向面に備え、この段部30に貫通孔31が穿設された構成を有し、当該貫通孔31に軸受メタル32を介在させてアーム部４の支持軸部27が挿入される。 The bearing portion 28 has a configuration in which a step portion 30 having the same shape is provided on the opposing surface, and a through hole 31 is formed in the step portion 30, and a bearing metal 32 is interposed in the through hole 31 to form an arm portion. 4 support shaft portions 27 are inserted.
支持軸部27の先端側には、軸受メタル33を介して締結手段34が取り付けられ、これにより大腿骨固定部６が股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を介して水平方向D1及び開閉方向D2と直交する前後方向D3（図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ））に回動自在に取り付けられている。 Fastening means 34 is attached to the distal end side of the support shaft portion 27 via a bearing metal 33, whereby the femur fixing portion 6 is orthogonal to the horizontal direction D1 and the opening / closing direction D2 via the hip joint front / rear hinge portion 5. It is rotatably attached in the front-rear direction D3 (FIGS. 2A and 2B).
股関節前後用ヒンジ部５には、ほぼ円柱形状でなる第２の回動部36が設けられており、当該第２の回動部36に大腿骨固定部６が開閉方向D2及び前後方向D3と直交する直交方向D4に回動自在に取り付けられている。 The hip joint front / rear hinge portion 5 is provided with a second rotating portion 36 having a substantially columnar shape, and the femoral fixing portion 6 is connected to the second rotating portion 36 in the opening / closing direction D2 and the front / rear direction D3. It is rotatably attached in an orthogonal direction D4 that is orthogonal.
この場合、大腿骨固定部６の一端には、上面に円柱形状の保持孔40（図１（Ｂ））が設けられているとともに、側面間を貫通した挿入孔41が穿設され、この挿入孔41によって保持孔40の内周面の一部に断面半円形状でなる凹状部（図示せず）が形成されている。 In this case, at one end of the femoral fixation part 6, a cylindrical holding hole 40 (FIG. 1B) is provided on the upper surface, and an insertion hole 41 penetrating between the side surfaces is drilled. The hole 41 forms a concave portion (not shown) having a semicircular cross section on a part of the inner peripheral surface of the holding hole 40.
保持孔40には、股関節前後用ヒンジ部５の第２の回動部36が軸受メタル42を介在させて挿入され、当該第２の回動部36の外周面に位置固定用として設けられた断面半円形状の環状凹部43が、凹状部（図示せず）に対向させて位置決めされ、この状態のまま挿入孔に円柱形状のビス45が嵌合固定され得る。 A second turning portion 36 of the hip joint front / rear hinge portion 5 is inserted into the holding hole 40 with a bearing metal 42 interposed therebetween, and is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second turning portion 36 for fixing the position. An annular recess 43 having a semicircular cross section is positioned so as to face a recess (not shown), and a cylindrical screw 45 can be fitted and fixed to the insertion hole in this state.
これにより大腿骨固定部６は、保持孔40に固定されたビス45が第２の回動部36の環状凹部43に嵌め込まれることにより、当該保持孔40から股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を脱落させることなく、当該股関節前後用ヒンジ部５に対して開閉方向D2及び前後方向D3と直交する直交方向D4に回動自在に取り付けられる。 As a result, the femoral fixing portion 6 causes the hip joint front / rear hinge portion 5 to fall off from the holding hole 40 by fitting the screw 45 fixed to the holding hole 40 into the annular recess 43 of the second rotating portion 36. Without being attached to the hip joint front-rear hinge portion 5, the hip joint front-back direction D2 and the front-rear direction D3 are orthogonally attached to the orthogonal direction D4.
大腿骨固定部６は、ほぼ直線状に延び、成人の大腿骨内に挿入され得るような径でなる棒状体46を有し、この棒状体46内に芯部材47が内蔵された構成を有する。そして棒状体46及び芯部材47には、側面にそれぞれ貫通孔48，49が設けられており、当該大腿骨固定部６を大腿骨に固定するためのボルト50がこれら貫通孔48，49に螺着され得るようになされている。 The femur fixing portion 6 has a rod-like body 46 that extends substantially linearly and has a diameter that can be inserted into an adult femur, and a core member 47 is built in the rod-like body 46. . The rod-like body 46 and the core member 47 are provided with through holes 48 and 49 on the side surfaces, respectively, and bolts 50 for fixing the femur fixing portion 6 to the femur are screwed into the through holes 48 and 49. It is designed to be worn.
以上の構成において、股関節免荷具１を患者の股関節に取り付ける医師は、股関節側面の皮膚を切開した後、大腿骨骨頭を残して大転子を切断し、大腿骨内に股関節免荷具１の大腿骨固定部６を先端から挿入させてゆき、所定位置で位置決めする。 In the above configuration, the doctor who attaches the hip joint loader 1 to the patient's hip joint cuts the greater trochanter leaving the femoral head after incising the skin on the side of the hip joint, and the hip joint loader 1 in the femur. The femur fixing part 6 is inserted from the tip and positioned at a predetermined position.
この状態のまま、大腿骨の側面からボルト50を捻じ込んでゆき、大腿骨内にある大腿骨固定部６の貫通孔48，49に当該ボルト50を螺着させ、これにより当該大腿骨に大腿骨固定部６を固定する。なお、大腿骨固定部６を大腿骨に固定する際には、ボルト50を用いることなく骨セメント等を用いるようにしても良い。 In this state, the bolt 50 is screwed in from the side of the femur, and the bolt 50 is screwed into the through holes 48 and 49 of the femur fixing portion 6 in the femur, whereby the femur is attached to the femur. The bone fixing part 6 is fixed. In addition, when fixing the femur fixing part 6 to the femur, bone cement or the like may be used without using the bolt 50.
続いて、腸骨の側面に腸骨固定部２の突起部９に対応した凹部を医療用ドリルにて形成し、当該凹部に腸骨固定部２の突起部９を挿入させることにより腸骨に腸骨固定部２を位置決めする。この状態のまま、固定板７のボルト用孔にボルト10を挿通して腸骨の側面に捻じ込んでゆくことにより、図３に示すように、腸骨55の側面にボルト10を介して腸骨固定部２を固定して、股関節免荷具１を股関節に取り付ける。 Subsequently, a concave portion corresponding to the protrusion 9 of the iliac fixation part 2 is formed on the side surface of the iliac with a medical drill, and the protrusion 9 of the iliac fixation part 2 is inserted into the recess so that the iliac The iliac fixation part 2 is positioned. In this state, by inserting the bolt 10 into the bolt hole of the fixing plate 7 and screwing it into the side surface of the iliac bone, as shown in FIG. The bone fixing part 2 is fixed, and the hip joint loader 1 is attached to the hip joint.
このようにして股関節免荷具１は、図４に示すように、腸骨固定部２、アーム部４及び大腿骨固定部６によって腸骨55から大腿骨56までを直接連結させることができ、その結果、患者が起立したときに腸骨55から下方に加えられる荷重の一部を、当該腸骨55に固定した腸骨固定部２からアーム部４及び大腿骨固定部６を経由させて大腿骨56に直接加えることができ、かくして腸骨55から大腿骨骨頭57に加わる荷重を分散させることができる。 In this way, as shown in FIG. 4, the hip joint loader 1 can directly connect the iliac 55 to the femur 56 by the iliac fixation part 2, the arm part 4, and the femoral fixation part 6. As a result, a part of the load applied downward from the iliac 55 when the patient stands up passes from the iliac fixation part 2 fixed to the iliac 55 via the arm part 4 and the femoral fixation part 6 to the thigh. It can be applied directly to the bone 56 and thus the load applied from the iliac 55 to the femoral head 57 can be dispersed.
なお、股関節免荷具１によって腸骨55から大腿骨骨頭57に加わる荷重を確実に分散させるには、各種実験結果から考察すると、例えば直立位において腸骨55の前額免から見て、大腿骨骨頭の中心を通る鉛直方向の軸から外側へそれぞれ７度〜１９度の間の位置に腸骨固定部２を適宜固定することが好ましい。 In order to reliably disperse the load applied from the iliac 55 to the femoral head 57 by the hip joint unloading device 1, considering from the results of various experiments, for example, when viewed from the forehead of the iliac 55 in the upright position, It is preferable to appropriately fix the iliac fixation part 2 at a position between 7 degrees and 19 degrees outward from the vertical axis passing through the center of the bone head.
またこの実施の形態の場合、アーム部４の他端となる支持軸部27が外方（すなわち、腸骨55の側面に対して当該腸骨55から離れる方向）に向けて傾斜していることにより、その分、アーム部４を腸骨55の近傍に配置させることができるので、当該アーム部４を確実に患者の体内に収納させることができる。 In the case of this embodiment, the support shaft portion 27 that is the other end of the arm portion 4 is inclined outward (that is, in a direction away from the iliac 55 with respect to the side surface of the iliac 55). Thus, the arm portion 4 can be disposed in the vicinity of the iliac 55 accordingly, so that the arm portion 4 can be reliably accommodated in the patient's body.
そしてこのような股関節免荷具１では、腸骨固定部２における水平方向D1及び開閉方向D2と直交する前後方向D3（図２）へ大腿骨固定部６を股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を介して回動し得るようにしたことにより、腸骨固定部２を腸骨55の側面に固定した場合、図３に示すように、患者の股関節において大腿骨固定部６を腸骨55に対して前方向（以下、これを腸骨前方向と呼ぶ）D10及び
腸骨55に対して後方向（以下、これを腸骨後方向と呼ぶ）D11（以下、これら腸骨前方向D10及び腸骨後方向D11をまとめて単に腸骨前後方向と呼ぶ）に回動させることができる。
In such a hip joint unloader 1, the femoral fixing portion 6 is moved through the hip joint front / rear hinge portion 5 in the anteroposterior direction D3 (FIG. 2) orthogonal to the horizontal direction D1 and the opening / closing direction D2 of the iliac fixing portion 2. When the iliac fixation part 2 is fixed to the side surface of the iliac 55 by being able to rotate, the femoral fixation part 6 is placed in front of the iliac 55 at the hip joint of the patient as shown in FIG. Direction (hereinafter referred to as iliac anterior direction) D10 and iliac 55 posterior direction (hereinafter referred to as iliac posterior direction) D11 (hereinafter referred to as iliac anterior direction D10 and iliac posterior direction) D11 can be collectively rotated in the anteroposterior direction).
従って股関節免荷具１では、患者の股関節に取り付けた場合であっても、図５（Ａ）に示すように、患者Ｐの足Ｌを腸骨前方向D10に移動させる股関節の屈曲や、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、患者Ｐの足Ｌを腸骨後方向D11に移動させる股関節の伸展をそれぞれ確実に、かつ容易に行なわせることができる。 Therefore, even when the hip joint loader 1 is attached to the patient's hip joint, as shown in FIG. 5A, the hip joint bending or moving the patient P's foot L in the iliac anterior direction D10, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 (B), the hip joint that moves the foot L of the patient P in the iliac posterior direction D11 can be reliably and easily performed.
また股関節免荷具１では、腸骨固定部２における水平方向D1と直交する開閉方向D2（図１（Ａ））へ大腿骨固定部６を股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３を介して回動し得るようにしたことにより、腸骨固定部２を腸骨55の側面に固定した場合、図４に示すように、患者の股関節において大腿骨固定部６を腸骨55の側部から遠ざかる方向又は近づく方向となる側部方向（以下、これを腸骨側部方向と呼ぶ）D12に回動させることができる。 Further, in the hip joint loader 1, the femur fixing portion 6 can be rotated via the hip joint opening / closing hinge portion 3 in the opening / closing direction D2 (FIG. 1A) orthogonal to the horizontal direction D1 in the iliac fixing portion 2. As a result, when the iliac fixation part 2 is fixed to the side surface of the iliac 55, the femoral fixation part 6 is moved away from the side part of the iliac 55 in the hip joint of the patient as shown in FIG. Can be rotated to a side direction D12 (hereinafter referred to as the iliac side direction) D12.
従って股関節免荷具１では、患者の股関節に取り付けた場合であっても、図６（Ａ）に示すように、患者Ｐが足Ｌを内側方向D12aへ移動させて股を閉じる内転や、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、足Ｌを外側方向D12bへ移動させて股を開く外転をぞれぞれ確実に、かつ容易に行なわせることもできる。 Therefore, even when the hip joint loader 1 is attached to the patient's hip joint, as shown in FIG. 6A, the patient P moves the foot L in the inner direction D12a to close the crotch, As shown in FIG. 6B, the abduction that moves the foot L in the outward direction D12b to open the crotch can be performed reliably and easily.
さらにこの場合、股関節免荷具１では、水平方向D1へ大腿骨固定部６を内外旋用回動部としての第１の回動部15を介して回動し得るようにしたことにより、図４に示すように、患者の股関節において大腿骨固定部６を腸骨55の水平方向（以下、これを腸骨水平方向と呼ぶ）D13に回動させることもできる。 Further, in this case, the hip joint unloader 1 can rotate the femur fixing portion 6 in the horizontal direction D1 via the first rotation portion 15 as an internal / external rotation rotation portion. As shown in FIG. 4, the femoral fixation unit 6 can be rotated in the horizontal direction of the iliac 55 (hereinafter referred to as the iliac horizontal direction) D13 at the patient's hip joint.
従って股関節免荷具１では、患者の股関節に取り付けた場合であっても、図７（Ａ）に示すように、股及び膝をいずれも屈曲した状態にし、このまま膝の位置を動かさないようにして、足首を内側に向ける方向D14へ移動させる内旋や、図７（Ｂ）に示すように、股及び膝をいずれも屈曲した状態にし、このまま膝の位置を動かさないようにして、足首を外側に向ける方向D15へ移動させる外旋をぞれぞれ確実に、かつ容易に行なわせることもできる。 Therefore, even when the hip joint loader 1 is attached to the patient's hip joint, as shown in FIG. 7A, both the hip and knee are bent and the position of the knee is not moved as it is. Then, as shown in Fig. 7 (B), the crotch and knees are both bent, and the ankles are moved without moving the knee position. It is also possible to reliably and easily perform the external rotation for moving in the outward direction D15.
これに加えて股関節免荷具１では、開閉方向D2及び前後方向D3と直交する直交方向D4へ大腿骨固定部６を内外旋用回動部としての第２の回動部36を介して回動し得るようにしたことにより、図４に示すように、患者の股関節において大腿骨固定部６を腸骨水平方向D13にさらに回動させることもでき、かくして一段と容易に内旋や外旋を行なわせることができる。 In addition to this, in the hip joint unloader 1, the femoral fixing part 6 is rotated through the second turning part 36 as a turning part for internal / external rotation in the orthogonal direction D4 orthogonal to the opening / closing direction D2 and the front-rear direction D3. As shown in FIG. 4, the femoral fixation part 6 can be further rotated in the iliac horizontal direction D13 at the patient's hip joint, as shown in FIG. Can be done.
このように股関節免荷具１では、患者Ｐの股関節に取り付けた場合であっても、股関節の動きを制限することがなく、あたかも股関節免荷具１を取り付けてないかのように大腿骨を自由に動かすことができ、かくして患者に対して着座動作や排泄動作等の各種動作を容易に行わすことができる。 In this way, the hip joint loader 1 does not restrict the movement of the hip joint even when it is attached to the hip joint of the patient P, and the femur is as if the hip joint loader 1 is not attached. It can be freely moved, and thus various operations such as a sitting operation and an excretion operation can be easily performed on the patient.
因みに、股関節免荷具１では、各可動箇所にそれぞれ軸受メタル16，32，33，42を設けたとにより、当該可動箇所において生じる摩擦力を低減させ、患者Ｐが大腿骨56を動かす際に生じる股関節免荷具１による負担を軽減させることができる。 By the way, in the hip joint unloading device 1, the bearing metal 16, 32, 33, 42 is provided at each movable location, so that the frictional force generated at the movable location is reduced, and this occurs when the patient P moves the femur 56. The burden by the hip joint loader 1 can be reduced.
以上の構成によれば、腸骨55に固定した腸骨固定部２に対して大腿骨56に固定した大腿骨固定部６を所定方向に回動自在に連結し、腸骨固定部２からの荷重を支持するアーム部４を設けるようにしたことにより、股関節にかかる荷重を分散させることができるとともに、股関節を所定方向に回動させることもでき、かくして股関節の動きを制限することなく大腿骨骨頭57の免荷を確実に行なうことができる。 According to the above configuration, the femoral fixing portion 6 fixed to the femur 56 is connected to the iliac fixing portion 2 fixed to the iliac 55 so as to be rotatable in a predetermined direction. By providing the arm portion 4 that supports the load, the load applied to the hip joint can be dispersed, and the hip joint can be rotated in a predetermined direction, and thus the femur without restricting the movement of the hip joint. The bone head 57 can be reliably unloaded.
また腸骨55に対して大腿骨固定部６を腸骨水平方向D13に回動自在に連結する内外旋用回動部としての第１の回動部15及び第２の回動部36を設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭57の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に内旋及び外旋させることができる。 In addition, a first rotating part 15 and a second rotating part 36 are provided as internal and external rotational parts that rotatably connect the femoral fixing part 6 to the iliac 55 in the iliac horizontal direction D13. By doing so, the femoral head 57 can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can freely rotate in and out.
さらに腸骨固定部２に対して大腿骨固定部６を腸骨側部方向D12に回動自在に連結する股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３を設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭57の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に内転及び外転させることできる。 Further, the hip joint opening / closing hinge part 3 for connecting the femoral fixing part 6 to the iliac fixing part 2 so as to be rotatable in the iliac side part direction D12 is provided. The hip joint can be freely added and abducted while being reliably performed.
さらに腸骨前方向D10及び腸骨後方向D11（腸骨前後方向）へ大腿骨固定部６を回動自在に腸骨固定部２に連結する股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭57の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を自由に屈曲及び伸展させることができる。 Furthermore, by providing a hip joint front / rear hinge part 5 for connecting the femoral fixation part 6 to the iliac fixation part 2 in a rotatable manner in the iliac anterior direction D10 and the iliac posterior direction D11 (the iliac longitudinal direction). The femoral head 57 can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be flexed and extended freely.
さらにアーム部４の一端と腸骨固定部２との間に設けられた第１の回動部15と、アーム部４の他端と大腿骨固定部６との間に設けられた第２の回動部36との２つを設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭57の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節を一段と自由に内旋及び外旋させることができる。
（２）第２の実施の形態
図１（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）との対応部分に同一符号を付して示す図８（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）のように、50は全体として第２の実施の形態による股関節免荷具70を示し、第１の実施の形態とは腸骨固定部71の構成と、アーム部72の構成とが異なるものである。なお、上述した第１の実施の形態との対応部分については説明が重複するため以下説明は省略する。
Further, a first rotating portion 15 provided between one end of the arm portion 4 and the iliac fixation portion 2 and a second rotation portion provided between the other end of the arm portion 4 and the femoral fixation portion 6. By providing two with the rotation part 36, the femoral head 57 can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be further freely rotated in and out.
(2) Second Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B) in which the same reference numerals are given to the corresponding parts to FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), 50 is the second as a whole. The hip joint unloader 70 according to the embodiment is shown, and the configuration of the iliac fixation portion 71 and the configuration of the arm portion 72 are different from those of the first embodiment. In addition, since description overlaps with a part corresponding to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted below.
この場合、腸骨固定部71は、ねじ73を備えた断面Ｌ字状の突起部74が固定板７の一面の中央上部に一体形成されており、当該突起部74によって腸骨固定部71を腸骨に位置決めし得るように構成されている。 In this case, in the iliac fixation part 71, a protrusion 74 having an L-shaped cross section provided with a screw 73 is integrally formed at the center upper part of one surface of the fixation plate 7, and the iliac fixation part 71 is formed by the protrusion 74. It is configured to be positioned on the iliac bone.
なお、この場合、固定板７には、連結部８を挟んでそれぞれ３つのボルト用孔（図示せず）が穿設され、各ボルト用孔にボルト10が挿通されて合計６本のボルト10により腸骨の側面に固定され得るようになされている。 In this case, the fixing plate 7 is provided with three bolt holes (not shown) with the connecting portion 8 interposed therebetween, and the bolts 10 are inserted into the bolt holes for a total of six bolts 10. Thus, it can be fixed to the side of the iliac bone.
かかる構成に加えてアーム部72は、上述した第１の実施の形態とは異なり、二股部75とアーム本体76とが軸方向を中心に回動自在に連結された構成を有する。 In addition to such a configuration, the arm portion 72 has a configuration in which the forked portion 75 and the arm main body 76 are connected to be rotatable about the axial direction, unlike the first embodiment described above.
この場合、アーム本体76には、保持孔78（図８（Ｂ））が設けられており、当該保持孔78に二股部75の回動連結部79が開閉方向D2に直交する直交方向D17（図８（Ａ））に回動自在に取り付けられている。 In this case, the arm body 76 is provided with a holding hole 78 (FIG. 8B), and the rotation connecting portion 79 of the bifurcated portion 75 is inserted into the holding hole 78 in an orthogonal direction D17 ( 8A is rotatably attached.
実際上、アーム本体76には、対向する側面間に貫通した挿入孔81が穿設されており、この挿入孔81により保持孔78の内周面の一部に断面半円形状でなる凹状部82が形成されている。 In practice, the arm body 76 is provided with an insertion hole 81 penetrating between the opposing side surfaces, and a concave portion having a semicircular cross section is formed on a part of the inner peripheral surface of the holding hole 78 by the insertion hole 81. 82 is formed.
保持孔78には、二股部75の回動連結部79が軸受メタル83を介在させて挿入され、当該回動連結部79の外周面に位置固定用として形成された断面半円形状でなる環状凹部84が、保持孔78内の凹状部82に対向するように位置決めされ、この状態のまま挿入孔81に円柱形状のビス86が嵌合固定され得る。 In the holding hole 78, a rotating connecting portion 79 of the bifurcated portion 75 is inserted with a bearing metal 83 interposed therebetween, and an annular shape having a semicircular cross section formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating connecting portion 79 for fixing the position. The concave portion 84 is positioned so as to face the concave portion 82 in the holding hole 78, and the cylindrical screw 86 can be fitted and fixed to the insertion hole 81 in this state.
これにより二股部75は、保持孔78に固定されたビス86が回動連結部79の環状凹部84に嵌め込まれることにより、当該保持孔78から脱落することなく軸心90を中心にして周方向D17に回動自在に取り付けられる。 As a result, the bifurcated portion 75 is circumferentially arranged around the shaft center 90 without falling off from the holding hole 78 by fitting the screw 86 fixed to the holding hole 78 into the annular recess 84 of the rotation connecting portion 79. Attached to D17 for free rotation.
以上の構成において、股関節免荷具70では、上述した第１の実施の形態と同様に腸骨固定部71が腸骨に固定されるとともに、大腿骨固定部６が大腿骨に固定されることにより、患者の股関節に取り付けられ、患者が起立したときに腸骨から下方に加えられる荷重の一部を、当該腸骨に固定した腸骨固定部71からアーム部72及び大腿骨固定部６を経由させて大腿骨に直接加えることができ、かくして腸骨から大腿骨骨頭に加わる荷重を分散させることができる。 In the above configuration, in the hip joint unloader 70, the iliac fixation part 71 is fixed to the iliac bone and the femur fixation part 6 is fixed to the femur as in the first embodiment described above. By attaching the arm part 72 and the femur fixing part 6 from the iliac fixing part 71 fixed to the iliac, the part of the load that is attached to the patient's hip joint and applied downward from the iliac when the patient stands up. It can be applied directly to the femur via the via, thus distributing the load applied from the iliac bone to the femoral head.
またこれに加えて股関節免荷具70では、二股部75に対してアーム本体76を、アーム部72の軸心90を中心にして周方向D17に回動自在に連結させたことにより、第１の実施の形態に比してさらに可動箇所を増やすことができ、かくして股関節への荷重を免荷しつつ、患者はあたかも股関節免荷具70を取り付けてないかのように大腿骨を自由に動かすことができる。 In addition to this, in the hip joint loader 70, the arm main body 76 is connected to the bifurcated portion 75 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction D17 about the axis 90 of the arm portion 72. Compared to the above embodiment, the number of movable points can be further increased, and thus the patient can freely move the femur as if the hip joint loader 70 is not attached while the load on the hip joint is released. be able to.
以上の構成によれば、腸骨に固定した腸骨固定部71に対して大腿骨に固定した大腿骨固定部６を所定方向に回動自在に連結し、腸骨固定部71からの荷重を支持するアーム部72を設けるようにしたことにより、股関節にかかる荷重を分散させることができるとともに、股関節を所定方向に回動させることもでき、かくして股関節の動きを制限することなく大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができる。 According to the above configuration, the femoral fixing portion 6 fixed to the femur is connected to the iliac fixing portion 71 fixed to the iliac so as to be rotatable in a predetermined direction, and the load from the iliac fixing portion 71 is reduced. By providing the supporting arm portion 72, it is possible to disperse the load applied to the hip joint and to rotate the hip joint in a predetermined direction, and thus, without restricting the movement of the hip joint, Unloading can be performed reliably.
また、二股部75とアーム本体76とが回動連結部79を介して軸心90を中心にして周方向D17に回動自在に連結された構成でなるアーム部72を設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節をさらに一段と自由に動かすことができる。 Further, by providing the arm portion 72 having a configuration in which the bifurcated portion 75 and the arm body 76 are rotatably connected in the circumferential direction D17 around the axis 90 via the rotation connecting portion 79. The femoral head can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be moved further freely.
（３）第３の実施の形態
図１（Ａ）との対応部分に同一符号を付して示す図９において、100は全体として第３の実施の形態による股関節免荷具を示し、この股関節免荷具100は、腸骨固定部101が股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３を介してアーム部102の一端に連結され、当該アーム部102の他端には股関節前後用ヒンジ部５を介して大腿骨固定部103が連結されている。なお、上述した第１の実施の形態との対応部分については説明が重複するため以下説明は省略する。
(3) Third Embodiment In FIG. 9, in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 (A) are assigned the same reference numerals, 100 indicates a hip joint unloader according to the third embodiment as a whole, and this hip joint In the load relief device 100, the iliac fixation part 101 is connected to one end of the arm part 102 via the hip joint opening / closing hinge part 3, and the other end of the arm part 102 is connected to the femur via the hip joint front / rear hinge part 5. The fixed part 103 is connected. In addition, since description overlaps with a part corresponding to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted below.
この場合、腸骨固定部101は、Ｔ字状でなり一面が腸骨に直接取り付けられる固定板104と、この固定板104の他面中央位置から突出した連結部８とを有し、この連結部８の上部側及び両側部側にそれぞれ１つずつボルト用孔105が固定板に穿設され、図示しないボルトが各ボルト用孔105（この場合３つ）に取り付けられて固定板104を腸骨に固定し得るようになされている。 In this case, the iliac fixation part 101 has a fixing plate 104 which is T-shaped and has one surface directly attached to the iliac bone, and a connection part 8 protruding from the center position of the other surface of the fixation plate 104. One bolt hole 105 is drilled in the fixing plate, one on each of the upper side and both side portions of the portion 8, and bolts (not shown) are attached to the bolt holes 105 (three in this case) to attach the fixing plate 104 to the intestine. It can be fixed to the bone.
かかる構成に加えてアーム本体107には、一端が二股部22と一体形成された第１のアーム部材108と、当該第１のアーム部材108の他端に自在継手109を介して連結された第２のアーム部材110とで構成されている。 In addition to such a configuration, the arm main body 107 has a first arm member 108 having one end integrally formed with the bifurcated portion 22, and a second arm connected to the other end of the first arm member 108 via a universal joint 109. And two arm members 110.
ここで自在継手109は、第２のアーム部材110の一端と駒部材111の一端とがねじ等の締結手段112により回動自在に締結され、これにより第２のアーム部材110を開閉方向D2と同じ開閉方向D20へ回動させ得るようになされている。 Here, in the universal joint 109, one end of the second arm member 110 and one end of the piece member 111 are fastened by a fastening means 112 such as a screw so that the second arm member 110 can be moved in the opening / closing direction D2. It can be rotated in the same opening / closing direction D20.
また自在継手109は、図１０に示すように、第１のアーム部材108の他端と駒部材111の他端とが締結手段113によって回動自在に締結され、これにより第２のアーム部材110をこれら開閉方向D2，D20と直交する方向D21へ回動させ得るようになされている。 As shown in FIG. 10, the universal joint 109 is fastened to the other end of the first arm member 108 and the other end of the piece member 111 by the fastening means 113 so that the second arm member 110 is rotated. Can be rotated in a direction D21 orthogonal to the opening and closing directions D2 and D20.
なお、大腿骨固定部103は、外周面に螺旋状の溝115が形成されており、螺旋状に旋回せながら大腿骨内に挿入させ得るようになされている。 Note that the femoral fixing portion 103 has a spiral groove 115 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and can be inserted into the femur while turning spirally.
以上の構成において、股関節免荷具100では、上述した第１の実施の形態と同様に腸骨固定部101が腸骨に固定されるとともに、大腿骨固定部103が大腿骨に固定されることにより、患者の股関節に取り付けられ、患者が起立したときに腸骨から下方に加えられる荷重の一部を、当該腸骨に固定した腸骨固定部101からアーム部102及び大腿骨固定部103を経由させて大腿骨に直接加えることができ、かくして腸骨から大腿骨骨頭に加わる荷重を分散させることができる。 In the above-described configuration, in the hip joint unloading device 100, the iliac fixation part 101 is fixed to the iliac and the femoral fixation part 103 is fixed to the femur as in the first embodiment described above. By attaching the arm part 102 and the femur fixing part 103 from the iliac fixing part 101 fixed to the iliac part of the load attached to the patient's hip joint and applied downward from the iliac when the patient stands up It can be applied directly to the femur via the via, thus distributing the load applied from the iliac bone to the femoral head.
またこれに加えて股関節免荷具100では、第１のアーム部材108と第２のアーム部材110との間に自在継手109が設けられ、当該自在継手109によって、第１のアーム部材108に対して第２のアーム部材110を開閉方向D20と当該開閉方向D20に直交する方向D21とにそれぞれ回動し得るようにしたことにより、第１の実施の形態に比してさらに可動箇所を増やすことができ、かくして患者はあたかも股関節免荷具100を取り付けてないかのように大腿骨を一段と自由に動かすことができる。 In addition to this, in the hip joint unloader 100, a universal joint 109 is provided between the first arm member 108 and the second arm member 110, and the universal joint 109 allows the first arm member 108 to be connected to the first arm member 108. Thus, the second arm member 110 can be rotated in the opening / closing direction D20 and the direction D21 orthogonal to the opening / closing direction D20, thereby increasing the number of movable portions as compared with the first embodiment. Thus, the patient can move the femur more freely as if the hip joint loader 100 was not attached.
この場合、図１１に示すように、例えば股関節免荷具100を取り付けた男性患者Ｐが洋式トイレ120を使用する際において、股関節を動かして腰を落とす排泄動作時の股関節可動域は、図１２に示すように、当該股関節免荷具100を取り付けていない正常な男性患者Ｐに比して、僅かに屈曲及び外旋の動作が制限されるだけであって、他の伸展、内転、外転及び内旋の動作については制限させることはないので、男性患者Ｐに対してスムーズに排泄動作を行なわせることができる。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, when the male patient P to which the hip joint loader 100 is attached uses the western toilet 120, the hip joint movable range during the excretion operation in which the hip joint is moved to drop the waist is shown in FIG. 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the movement of the flexion and external rotation is slightly limited as compared with a normal male patient P who does not have the hip joint relief device 100 attached thereto, Since the rolling and internal rotation operations are not restricted, the male patient P can be smoothly excreted.
また、例えば股関節免荷具100を取り付けた女性患者Ｐが洋式トイレ120を使用する際において、その排泄動作時の股関節可動域は、図１３に示すように、当該股関節免荷具100を取り付けていない正常な女性患者Ｐに比して、屈曲及び内旋の動作が制限されるだけであって、他の伸展、内転、外転及び外旋の動作については制限させることはないので、女性患者Ｐに対してスムーズに排泄動作を行なわせることができる。 Further, for example, when the female patient P to which the hip joint loader 100 is attached uses the Western toilet 120, the hip joint movable range during the excretion operation is as shown in FIG. Compared to a normal female patient P who is not female, the movement of flexion and internal rotation is only limited, and other movements of extension, internal rotation, abduction and external rotation are not limited. The patient P can be smoothly excreted.
以上の構成によれば、腸骨に固定した腸骨固定部101に対して大腿骨に固定した大腿骨固定部103を所定方向に回動自在に連結し、腸骨固定部101からの荷重を支持するアーム部102を設けるようにしたことにより、股関節にかかる荷重を分散させることができるとともに、股関節を所定方向に回動させることもでき、かくして股関節の動きを制限することなく大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができる。 According to the above configuration, the femoral fixation portion 103 fixed to the femur is connected to the iliac fixation portion 101 fixed to the iliac so as to be rotatable in a predetermined direction, and the load from the iliac fixation portion 101 is reduced. By providing the supporting arm portion 102, it is possible to disperse the load applied to the hip joint and to rotate the hip joint in a predetermined direction, and thus, without restricting the movement of the hip joint, Unloading can be performed reliably.
また大腿骨固定部103を所定方向に回動自在に可動させる自在継手109をアーム部102に設けるようにしたことにより、大腿骨骨頭の免荷を確実に行なうことができるとともに、股関節をさらに一段と自由に動かすことができる。 Further, by providing the arm portion 102 with a universal joint 109 that allows the femoral fixation portion 103 to move freely in a predetermined direction, the femoral head can be reliably unloaded, and the hip joint can be further improved. You can move freely.
なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の特許請求の範囲に記載した事項の範囲内で種々の変形実施をすることができ、腸骨固定部に対して大腿骨固定部を所定方向に回動自在に連結するための第１の回動部15、第２の回動部36、股関節開閉用ヒンジ部３及び股関節前後用ヒンジ部５として、ボールジョイント等を適用するようにしても良い。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the matters described in the claims of the present invention. As the first rotating part 15, the second rotating part 36, the hip joint opening / closing hinge part 3 and the hip joint front / rear hinge part 5 for connecting the bone fixing part rotatably in a predetermined direction, a ball joint or the like is used. You may make it apply.
１、70、100 股関節免荷具
２、71 腸骨固定部
３ 股関節開閉用ヒンジ部
４、72 102 アーム部
５ 股関節前後用ヒンジ部
６ 大腿骨固定部
15 第１の回動部（内外旋用回動部）
36 第２の回動部（内外旋用回動部）
79 回動連結部
90 軸心
109 自在継手
D10 腸骨前方向（腸骨前後方向）
D11 腸骨後方向（腸骨前後方向）
D12 腸骨側部方向
D13 腸骨水平方向
D17 周方向
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,70,100 Hip joint unloading device 2,71 Iliac fixation part 3 Hip joint opening and closing hinge part 4,72 102 Arm part 5 Hip joint front and rear hinge part 6 Femur fixation part
15 1st rotation part (rotation part for internal and external rotation)
36 Second rotation part (internal / external rotation part)
79 Rotating connection
90 axis
109 universal joint
D10 iliac anterior direction (iliac anteroposterior direction)
D11 Iliac posterior direction (iliac anteroposterior direction)
D12 Iliac lateral direction
D13 Horizontal direction of the iliac
D17 Circumferential direction
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2005368570A JP4591968B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2005-12-21 | Hip joint loader |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005368570A JP4591968B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2005-12-21 | Hip joint loader |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007167319A true JP2007167319A (en) | 2007-07-05 |
| JP4591968B2 JP4591968B2 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2005368570A Expired - Fee Related JP4591968B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2005-12-21 | Hip joint loader |
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| JP (1) | JP4591968B2 (en) |
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