JP2007162611A - Injector malfunction detection device and injection malfunction removing device having it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an injection malfunction detection device capable of efficiently detecting the malfunction of an injector by a simple structure during the normal operation of an engine and an injector malfunction removing device capable of easily removing deposits by using the injector malfunction detection device. <P>SOLUTION: In this injector malfunction detection device, a fuel of an optimum amount is fed from the injector 210 into the combustion chamber of the engine 100, combustion is performed in the combustion chamber of the engine 100, and exhaust gases are discharged to the outside through an exhaust system. A DPF 950 removes dirt in the exhaust gases flowing in the exhaust system to discharge clean gases. A DPF exhaust pressure sensor 940 disposed on the upstream side of the DPF 950 detects the pressure of the exhaust gases. An ECU 110 determines whether the injector 210 is operated correctly or not according to the detected values detected by the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 940. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an injector malfunction detection device that detects emission deterioration due to clogging of a fuel ejection injector ejection hole, and an injector malfunction removal device having the same.

  Conventionally, various developments have been made regarding appropriate combustion in an internal combustion engine. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine that can easily and satisfactorily remove an injector deposit in the fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine.

  In the fuel supply device for the internal combustion engine described in Patent Document 1, in the fuel supply passage for freely changing the fuel pressure to the fuel injection valve, by starting at a predetermined time at a high pressure from the normal time and controlling the injection pulse width to be large, Deposits accumulated in the nozzle holes of the fuel injection valve can be removed.

JP 2005-90231 A

  However, in the fuel supply device described in Patent Document 1, fuel is supplied at a higher pressure than during normal operation for a predetermined time when the engine is started and ejected from the fuel injection valve. It cannot be improved. In particular, deposits and soot that cause clogging of the injector ejection holes are generated during traveling, but when deposits adhere to the operating injector after a predetermined time has elapsed, the malfunction of the injector is improved. I can't.

  Further, since the deposit removal control is always performed at the time of start-up, even when no deposit is attached, the fuel is consumed, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of fuel consumption.

  Furthermore, in the fuel supply device described in Patent Document 1, the fuel injection pressure is set to be higher than usual. However, in a diesel internal combustion engine, the fuel injection pressure is also a suitable element for optimal combustion in the combustion chamber. Therefore, it cannot be easily changed. Further, in a gasoline internal combustion engine, an oxygen sensor is used to realize stoichiometric combustion in which combustion is performed in the vicinity of an ideal air-fuel ratio, and the oxygen sensor can also be used in the fuel supply device described in Patent Document 1. However, in a diesel internal combustion engine, since an oxygen sensor is not essential for stoichiometric combustion, it is necessary to newly provide the oxygen sensor, resulting in an increase in cost.

  In addition, it is considered that many of the malfunctions of the injector are due to clogging of the injector ejection holes. Due to the clogging of the injector ejection holes, a large amount of fine particles are generated in the exhaust, leading to worsening of emissions.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an injector malfunction detection device capable of efficiently detecting malfunction of an injector during normal operation of an engine and an injector capable of easily removing deposits and the like using the injector malfunction detection apparatus. It is to provide a malfunction removal device.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an injector malfunction detection device capable of efficiently detecting malfunction of an injector without using an oxygen sensor, and to easily remove deposits and the like using the injector malfunction detection apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide an injector malfunction removing device that can be used.

Means and effects for solving the problem

(1)
An injector malfunction detection device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an injector that supplies fuel to a combustion chamber of an engine, a particulate filter that is inserted in an exhaust system from the engine and collects particulates contained in exhaust gas, and An exhaust pressure sensor that is disposed in the exhaust system and estimates the clogged state of the particulate filter by detecting the pressure of the exhaust gas, and a first that determines malfunction of the injector based on fluctuations in the detected value of the exhaust pressure sensor And a determination device.

  In the injector malfunction detection device according to the present invention, an optimal amount of fuel is supplied from the injector to the combustion chamber of the engine. Thereby, combustion is performed in the combustion chamber of the engine, and the exhaust gas generated at that time is discharged through the discharge system. The particulate filter removes dust from the exhaust flowing through the exhaust system, and exhausts clean gas. An exhaust pressure sensor provided in the discharge system detects the pressure of the exhaust upstream of the particulate filter and gives a detection value to the first determination device. The first determination device determines whether or not the injector is malfunctioning according to the detected value.

  If the injector malfunctions and incomplete combustion occurs and a large amount of particulates or soot is generated in the exhaust, the particulate filter is clogged. In this case, the exhaust pressure sensor causes a fluctuation that increases the pressure in the exhaust system. Therefore, the malfunction of the injector can be detected based on the fluctuation of the detection value of the exhaust pressure sensor. As a result, it is possible to easily detect the malfunction of the injector with a simple configuration without adding a new member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fine particle filter from being melted when the filter is clogged with soot or the like during incomplete combustion. In particular, in the diesel internal combustion engine, since the air fuel consumption sensor is not provided, it is not necessary to provide a new member such as an air fuel consumption sensor, and an increase in the cost of the member can be suppressed.

(2)
The first determination device is configured to detect an exhaust pressure sensor in an engine operating state based on an estimated pressure value that is predetermined as a detected value of an exhaust pressure sensor that is predicted to be detected corresponding to the engine operating state. When the detected value exceeds a predetermined range of the estimated pressure value at a predetermined time, it may be determined that the injector is malfunctioning.

  In this case, the determination can be made based on whether or not the range of the pressure estimated value is exceeded in a predetermined time, so that the malfunction of the injector can be reliably detected. In other words, the detected value of the exhaust pressure sensor in a normal state is stored in advance as a pressure estimated value corresponding to the number of revolutions, and by comparing the pressure estimated value with a predetermined time, it is not a short-term malfunction, and a state that cannot be recovered. Since it can be determined, it is possible to reliably detect the malfunction of the injector.

(3)
The first determination device operates when the malfunction condition of the injector based on the detection value of the exhaust pressure sensor is satisfied and the generated torque generated from the engine is smaller than the required torque instructed to the engine in advance by a predetermined value or more. You may determine that it is defective.

  When the value of the generated torque actually generated from the engine is smaller than the predetermined torque requested for the engine, a torque that is different from the torque instructed to the engine by a predetermined value or more is generated. It can be determined that the injector is malfunctioning.

(4)
An injector malfunction removal device according to a second invention includes the injector malfunction detection device according to the first invention. When the first judgment device determines that the injector is malfunctioning, the injector malfunction ejection device is ejected to the injector. A control device for instructing the removal operation of the clogging is provided.

  In the injector malfunction removal device according to the second aspect of the invention, the exhaust pressure sensor of the malfunction detection device detects the pressure of the exhaust gas upstream of the particulate filter, and the detection value is given to the first determination device. The first determination device determines whether or not the injector is malfunctioning according to the detected value. When the first determination device of the injector malfunction detection device determines that the injector is malfunctioning, the controller instructs the removal operation of the injector ejection hole clog.

  In this case, malfunction of the injector can be detected based on the state of the exhaust. Here, since the majority of the malfunctions of the injectors are due to the injection hole clogging, the operation of the majority of the injectors can be improved by performing the injector ejection hole clogging removal operation. As a result, it is possible to easily detect a malfunction of the injector with a simple configuration without adding a new member, and to repair the malfunction of the injector. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fine particle filter from being melted when the filter is clogged with the soot contained in the incompletely combusted exhaust gas. In particular, in the diesel internal combustion engine, since the air fuel consumption sensor is not provided, it is not necessary to newly provide an air fuel consumption sensor, and an increase in the cost of members can be suppressed.

(5)
The ejection hole clogging removal operation is preferably synchronized with the fuel ejection operation timing from the injector when the engine is operating.

  In this case, since the ejection hole clogging removing operation is performed at the same timing as the engine operating state, it is possible to prevent the driver from feeling uncomfortable. Further, it is more preferable to perform the ejection hole clogging removing operation when the fuel is not ejected from the injector.

(6)
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an injector malfunction detection device that is inserted in an injector for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of an engine and an exhaust system for exhaust gas from the engine, and detects the amount of particulates contained in the exhaust gas. And a second determination device that determines malfunction of the injector based on fluctuations in the detection value of the particle detection device.

  In the injector malfunction detection device according to the present invention, an optimal amount of fuel is supplied from the injector to the combustion chamber of the engine. Thereby, combustion is performed in the combustion chamber of the engine, and the exhaust gas generated at that time is discharged through the discharge system. The particulate detection device detects the soot and dust amount of the exhaust flowing in the discharge system, and gives a detection value to the second determination device. The second determination device determines whether or not the injector is malfunctioning according to the detected value.

  If a malfunction of the injector occurs and a large amount of particulates or soot is generated in the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas contains a large amount of soot and the like, so the malfunction of the injector is detected based on the detection value of the particulate detector. Can do. As a result, it is possible to easily detect the malfunction of the injector with a simple configuration without adding a new member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fine particle filter from being melted when the filter is clogged with soot or the like during incomplete combustion. In particular, in the diesel internal combustion engine, since the air fuel consumption sensor is not provided, it is not necessary to provide a new member such as an air fuel consumption sensor, and an increase in the cost of the member can be suppressed.

(7)
The fine particle detection device may include a smoke sensor. In this case, fine particles such as soot can be easily detected by gas concentration detection or optical method.

(8)
The fine particle detection device may detect based on the amount of transmitted light in the exhaust gas discharge system.

  In this case, since the amount of fine particles is detected based on the amount of transmitted light in the exhaust gas discharge system, fluctuations in the amount of fine particles can be reliably detected.

(9)
An injector malfunction removal device according to a fourth aspect of the invention includes the injector malfunction detection device according to the third aspect of the invention. When the second determination apparatus determines that the injector is malfunctioning, it is ejected to the injector. A control device for instructing the removal operation of the clogging is provided.

  In the injector malfunction removal device according to the fourth aspect of the invention, based on the exhaust soot and the amount of dust flowing in the exhaust system detected by the particulate detection device, the second determination device determines whether the injector is malfunctioning. Determine whether or not. When the second determination device of the injector malfunction detection device determines that the injector is malfunctioning, the controller instructs the removal operation of the injector injection hole clogging.

  In this case, malfunction of the injector can be detected based on the state of the exhaust. Here, since the majority of the malfunctions of the injectors are due to the injection hole clogging, the operation of the majority of the injectors can be improved by performing the injector ejection hole clogging removal operation. As a result, it is possible to easily detect a malfunction of the injector with a simple configuration without adding a new member, and to repair the malfunction of the injector. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fine particle filter from being melted when the filter is clogged with the soot contained in the incompletely combusted exhaust gas. In particular, in the diesel internal combustion engine, since the air fuel consumption sensor is not provided, it is not necessary to newly provide an air fuel consumption sensor, and an increase in the cost of members can be suppressed.

(10)
The ejection hole clogging removal operation is preferably synchronized with the fuel ejection operation timing from the injector when the engine is operating.

  In this case, since the ejection hole clogging removing operation is performed at the same timing as the engine operating state, it is possible to prevent the driver from feeling uncomfortable. Further, it is more preferable to perform the ejection hole clogging removing operation when the fuel is not ejected from the injector.

  Next, embodiments of the invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the case where the injector malfunction detection device and the injector malfunction removal device including the injector malfunction detection device are applied to a water-cooled four-cycle diesel engine will be described as an example. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of an engine 100 to which the injector malfunction removal device according to the present embodiment is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 100 includes a crank position sensor 120, an accelerator opening sensor 130, each cylinder 200, a fuel injection valve (hereinafter referred to as an injector) 210, a common rail 300, a common rail pressure sensor 310, and a fuel supply pipe. 320, fuel pump 400, pump pulley 410, crank pulley 420, belt 430, air cleaner box 500, air flow sensor 510, centrifugal supercharger (hereinafter referred to as turbocharger) 600, compressor housing 610, turbine housing 620, intercooler. 700, intake branch pipe 800, intake pipe 810, intake throttle valve 820, intake throttle actuator 830, exhaust branch pipe 900, exhaust pipe 910, exhaust throttle valve 920, exhaust throttle actuator 930, exhaust temperature sensor 940, DP Exhaust pressure sensor 941, diesel particulate filter (Diesel Particulate Filter: hereinafter simply referred to as DPF) 950, exhaust recirculation passage (hereinafter referred to as EGR passage) 960, flow rate adjusting valve (hereinafter referred to as EGR valve). 970 and EGR cooler 980.

  Here, the DPF 950 is a filter that reduces particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine. In addition, EGR (EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION) is a part of exhaust gas recirculation that puts part of the exhaust gas into the intake side, reducing the oxygen concentration of the intake air and reducing the combustion temperature and combustion speed. This reduces the amount of emissions.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as an ECU) 110 for controlling the engine 100 is provided around the engine 100. ECU 110 is a unit that controls the operating state of engine 100 in response to a driver's request or in accordance with operating conditions of engine 100. Details of the ECU 110 will be described later. Further, as will be described later, the ECU 110 receives signals from a crank position sensor 120, an accelerator opening sensor 130, and the like. Further, ECU 110 is connected so that the display instruction of meter panel display device 140 can be controlled.

  Next, a detailed configuration of the engine 100 of FIG. 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, an injector 210 that directly injects fuel is provided in the combustion chamber of each cylinder 200 constituting the engine 100.

  Each injector 210 is connected to a pressure accumulation chamber (hereinafter referred to as a common rail) 300 that accumulates fuel to a predetermined pressure. A common rail pressure sensor 310 that outputs an electric signal corresponding to the pressure of the fuel filled in the common rail 300 is attached to the common rail 300.

  The common rail 300 is provided with a fuel supply pipe 320 so as to communicate with the fuel pump 400. Here, the fuel pump 400 is a pump that operates using the rotational torque of the output shaft (crankshaft) of the engine 100 as a drive source. A pump pulley 410 attached to the input shaft of the fuel pump 400 is connected via a belt 430 and a crank pulley 420 attached to the output shaft (crankshaft) of the engine 100.

  In the fuel injection system configured as described above, when the rotational torque of the crankshaft is transmitted to the input shaft of the fuel pump 400, the fuel pump 400 discharges fuel at a pressure corresponding to the transmitted rotational torque.

  The fuel discharged from the fuel pump 400 is supplied to the common rail 300 through the fuel supply pipe 320, accumulated in the common rail 300 to a predetermined pressure, and distributed to the injectors 210 of each cylinder 200. When a drive current is applied to the injector 210, the injector 210 opens, and as a result, fuel is injected from the injector 210 into each cylinder 200. In the present embodiment, the injection timing from injector 210 occurs once every two pistons (not shown) of engine 100 make two cycles.

  In addition, an intake branch pipe 800 is connected to the engine 100, and each branch pipe of the intake branch pipe 800 is provided in communication with each other through a combustion chamber and an intake port (not shown) of each cylinder 200.

  The intake branch pipe 800 is connected to the intake pipe 810, and the intake pipe 810 is connected to the air cleaner box 500. An airflow sensor 510 that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the mass of the intake air flowing through the intake pipe 810 is attached to the intake pipe 810 downstream of the air cleaner box 500. Specifically, the airflow sensor 510 is provided with a heating wire, and the temperature of the heating wire is lowered when the air passage amount is large. Thereby, the voltage is increased so as to keep the temperature of the heating wire at a constant temperature. In this case, the air passage amount is calculated in proportion to the voltage increase.

  An intake throttle valve 820 that adjusts the flow rate of the intake air flowing through the intake pipe 810 is provided at a portion of the intake pipe 810 located upstream of the intake branch pipe 800. An intake throttle actuator 830 that opens and closes the intake throttle valve 820 with a step motor or the like is attached to the intake throttle valve 820.

  An intake pipe 810 located between the air flow sensor 510 and the intake throttle valve 820 is provided with a compressor housing 610 of a turbocharger 600 that operates using the thermal energy of exhaust as a drive source, and an intake pipe downstream from the compressor housing 610. 810 is provided with an intercooler 700 for cooling the intake air that has been compressed in the compressor housing 610 to a high temperature.

  In the intake system configured as described above, the intake air that flows into the air cleaner box 500 flows into the compressor housing 610 via the intake pipe 810 after dust and the like are removed.

  The intake air flowing into the compressor housing 610 is compressed by the rotation of a compressor wheel (not shown) built in the compressor housing 610. The intake air that has been compressed in the compressor housing 610 and has reached a high temperature is cooled in the intercooler 700, and then the flow rate is adjusted by the intake throttle valve 820 and flows into the intake branch pipe 800. The intake air flowing into the intake branch pipe 800 is distributed to the combustion chambers of the respective cylinders 200 through the respective branch pipes, and is combusted together with the fuel injected from the injectors 210 of the respective cylinders 200 as an ignition source.

  On the other hand, an exhaust branch pipe 900 is connected to the engine 100, and each branch pipe of the exhaust branch pipe 900 communicates with the combustion chamber of each cylinder 200 via an exhaust port (not shown).

  The exhaust branch pipe 900 is connected to the turbine housing 620 of the turbocharger 600. The turbine housing 620 is connected to an exhaust pipe 910, and this exhaust pipe 910 is connected downstream to a muffler (not shown).

  In the middle of the exhaust pipe 910, a DPF 950 carrying an NOx storage reduction catalyst is provided. An exhaust temperature sensor 940 that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 910 is attached to the exhaust pipe 910 upstream of the DPF 950. Further, a DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 910 is attached in the vicinity of the exhaust temperature sensor 940.

  The exhaust pipe 910 downstream of the DPF 950 is provided with an exhaust throttle valve 920 that adjusts the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 910. An exhaust throttle actuator 930 that opens and closes the exhaust throttle valve 920 with a step motor or the like is attached to the exhaust throttle valve 920.

  In the exhaust system configured as described above, the air-fuel mixture (burned gas) combusted in each cylinder 200 of the engine 100 is discharged to the exhaust branch pipe 900 through the exhaust port, and then the turbocharger 600 from the exhaust branch pipe 900. Into the turbine housing 620. The exhaust gas flowing into the turbine housing 620 rotates a turbine wheel that is rotatably supported in the turbine housing 620 using kinetic energy of the exhaust gas. At that time, the rotational torque of the turbine wheel is transmitted to the compressor wheel of the compressor housing 610 described above.

  The exhaust discharged from the turbine housing 620 flows into the DPF 950 via the exhaust pipe 910, and particulates (for example, soot) in the exhaust are collected and harmful gas components are removed or purified. The exhaust gas in which the particulates are collected by the DPF 950 and the harmful gas component is removed or purified is discharged to the atmosphere through the muffler after the flow rate is adjusted by the exhaust throttle valve 920 as necessary.

  Further, the exhaust branch pipe 900 and the intake branch pipe 800 serve as an exhaust gas recirculation passage (hereinafter referred to as an EGR passage) 960 that recirculates a part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust branch pipe 900 to the intake branch pipe 800. It is communicated through. In the middle of the EGR passage 960, a flow rate adjustment valve (which is constituted by an electromagnetic valve or the like, and changes the flow rate of exhaust gas (hereinafter referred to as EGR gas) flowing through the EGR passage 960 according to the magnitude of applied power. (Hereinafter referred to as EGR valve) 970 is provided.

  An EGR cooler 980 that cools the EGR gas that circulates in the EGR passage 960 is provided in the EGR passage 960 upstream of the EGR valve 970. The EGR cooler 980 is provided with a cooling water passage (not shown), and a part of the cooling water for cooling the engine 100 is circulated.

  In the exhaust gas recirculation mechanism configured as described above, when the EGR valve 970 is opened, the EGR passage 960 becomes conductive, and a part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust branch pipe 900 flows into the EGR passage 960, It is guided to the intake branch pipe 800 through the EGR cooler 980.

  At that time, in the EGR cooler 980, heat exchange is performed between the EGR gas flowing in the EGR passage 960 and the cooling water of the engine 100, thereby cooling the EGR gas.

  The EGR gas recirculated from the exhaust branch pipe 900 to the intake branch pipe 800 via the EGR passage 960 is guided to the combustion chamber of each cylinder 200 while being mixed with new intake air flowing from the upstream side of the intake branch pipe 800.

Here, the EGR gas contains an inert gas component that does not burn by itself and has a high heat capacity, such as water (H ₂ O) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). When gas is contained in the air-fuel mixture, the combustion temperature of the air-fuel mixture can be lowered. As a result, the amount of nitrogen oxide (NOx) generated can be suppressed.

  Further, when the EGR gas is cooled in the EGR cooler 980, the temperature of the EGR gas itself is reduced and the volume of the EGR gas is reduced. Therefore, when the EGR gas is supplied into the combustion chamber, the atmospheric temperature in the combustion chamber is reduced. It is possible to prevent an unnecessary increase, and the amount of new intake air (new intake air volume) supplied into the combustion chamber is not unnecessarily reduced.

  2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of ECU 110 of engine 100. As shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ECU 110 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 111, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 112, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 113, a backup RAM 114, and an A / D (A / D). analog to digital translation) converter 115, input port 116, output port 117, and bidirectional bus 118. The ECU 110 is configured such that the CPU 111, ROM 112, RAM 113, and backup RAM 114 can receive a signal from the input port 116 via the bidirectional bus 118 and output a control signal from the output port 117.

  As shown in FIG. 2, various sensors such as a common rail pressure sensor 310, an air flow sensor 510, an exhaust temperature sensor 940, a DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941, an accelerator opening sensor 130, and a crank position sensor 120 are electrically connected to the ECU 110. Connected through. Thereby, the output signals of the various sensors described above are input to the A / D conversion device 115 of the ECU 110, and analog-digital conversion is performed. The crank position sensor 120 is directly connected to the input port 116 because digital output is possible.

  Signals of various sensors converted from analog to digital are supplied to the CPU 111 via the input port 116 and the bidirectional bus 118 and to the RAM 113 or the backup RAM 114. The backup RAM 114 is composed of a nonvolatile memory that can store data even after the engine 100 is stopped.

  For example, the ROM 112 includes a fuel injection control routine for controlling the injector 210, an injector injection hole clogging detection / removal routine, an intake throttle control routine for controlling the intake throttle valve 820, and an exhaust throttle for controlling the exhaust throttle valve 920. Application programs such as a control routine, an EGR control routine for controlling the EGR valve 970, and a fuel injection amount correction routine for correcting the fuel injection amount are stored.

  The ROM 112 stores various control maps in addition to the above application programs. Here, the control map is, for example, a fuel injection amount control map showing the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the basic fuel injection amount (basic fuel injection time), and the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the basic fuel injection timing. The fuel injection timing control map shown, the intake throttle valve opening control map showing the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the target opening of the intake throttle valve 820, the operating state of the engine 100 and the target opening of the exhaust throttle valve 920 Exhaust throttle valve opening control map showing the relationship, EGR valve opening control map showing the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the target opening of the EGR valve 970, the operating state of the engine 100 and the pressure increase rate of the exhaust pressure sensor 941 And a pressure increase rate map showing the relationship.

  Subsequently, the RAM 114 stores output signals from the sensors, calculation results of the CPU 111, and the like. The calculation result is, for example, an engine speed calculated based on a time interval at which the crank position sensor 120 outputs a pulse signal. These data are rewritten to the latest data every time the crank position sensor 120 outputs a pulse signal.

  As described above, the CPU 111 reads the application program stored in the ROM 112 and operates based on the input signals of various sensors. For example, the CPU 111 executes injector control, intake throttle control, exhaust throttle control, EGR control, fuel injection amount correction control, and the like based on signals from various sensors. In particular, in the present embodiment, the CPU 111 executes an injector ejection clogging removal routine which will be described later, determines signals from various sensors based on processing stored in the ROM 112, and passes through the bidirectional bus 118 and the output port 117. Thus, operation signals are given to the injector 210, the intake throttle actuator 830, the exhaust throttle actuator 930, the EGR valve 970, and the like.

  Next, FIG. 3 illustrates an injector ejection hole clogging detection / removal routine of the CPU 111. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of the CPU 111.

  First, the CPU 111 determines whether or not components other than the injector 210 are normal (step S1). For example, the CPU 111 reads out the engine speed, the output signal of the accelerator opening sensor 130 (accelerator opening), the output signal value (detected air amount) of the air flow sensor 510, the fuel injection amount, etc. stored in the backup RAM 114, Determine whether it is normal. Here, the case where it is not normal is a case where the CPU 111 determines not to receive a predetermined signal, for example, when the amount of air detected by the airflow sensor 510 is not detected at all. In addition, there are cases where the operation of the EGR valve 970 is determined to be abnormal by a lift sensor (not shown), or the value from a pressure sensor (not shown) that detects the pressure of the intake manifold is abnormal.

  When the CPU 111 determines that a component other than the injector 210 has failed, the CPU 111 instructs to display a failure of another component (step S2). Specifically, the CPU 111 causes the meter panel display device 140 to issue a warning to the driver. The driver can recognize the warning on the meter panel display device 140 and replace the parts.

  In this case, the CPU 111 of the ECU 110 does not directly give an instruction to the meter panel display device 140, but the CPU 111 communicates with another central processing arithmetic device, and the other central processing processing device communicates with the meter panel display device 140. An instruction may be provided.

  Next, when the CPU 111 determines that the parts other than the injector 210 are normal, the CPU 111 calculates the generated torque (step S3). Here, the CPU 111 uses the signal from the crank position sensor 120 to calculate the generated torque from the angular acceleration of the crank.

  In the present embodiment, the generated torque is calculated using an angular acceleration sensor such as the crank position sensor 120. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other arbitrary sensors such as a torque sensor or a strain gauge are used. The generated torque may be calculated.

  Next, the CPU 111 calculates a required torque (step S4). The calculation of the required torque is, for example, a fuel injection amount control map showing the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the basic fuel injection amount (basic fuel injection time), or the relationship between the operating state of the engine 100 and the basic fuel injection timing. Is calculated by extracting the fuel injection amount or injection timing from the injector 210 and the intake air amount (detected value of the air flow sensor 510) from a fuel injection timing control map or the like.

  Next, the CPU 111 determines whether or not a value obtained by subtracting the generated torque from the required torque is smaller than a certain value (step S5). Here, the constant value is a value indicating a tolerance between the required torque and the generated torque.

  If it is determined that the value obtained by subtracting the generated torque from the required torque is greater than a certain value, the CPU 111 reads a signal from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 (step S6). Then, the CPU 111 determines whether or not the DPF pressure increase rate is equal to or greater than a predetermined value based on the read signal from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 (step S7).

  Here, the predetermined value will be described. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the predetermined value. The vertical axis in FIG. 4 indicates pressure, and the horizontal axis indicates time.

  Here, the predetermined value is a value for determining whether or not the fuel injection port is clogged in the injector 210.

  In FIG. 4, a straight line N indicates a normal pressure, that is, a pressure line when the fuel injection port is not clogged in the injector 210, and a straight line A indicates that the fuel injection port is clogged in the injector 210. The pressure line when it occurs is shown.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the operation state is constant, the pressure increases as shown by the straight line N as the amount of fine particles collected in the DPF 950 increases as time elapses. . Here, if it is assumed that clogging has occurred at the fuel outlet of the injector 210, soot is generated more than usual, so the rate of increase in pressure becomes high and fluctuates as a straight line A. The predetermined value in this case is a value obtained by adding a constant value to the pressure increase amount in ΔT on the straight line N (period in which the signal from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is read in step S6). The pressure increase amount is obtained from a pressure increase rate map held by the CPU 111. The constant value is a value that takes into account the error of the sensor or experimental data. Then, the presence or absence of clogging of the fuel injection port of the injector 210 is detected by comparing the pressure increase amount at ΔT obtained based on the value actually detected from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 with the predetermined value. Specifically, if the pressure increase obtained from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, it is determined that the injector 210 is normal, and conversely, the pressure increase obtained from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is If it is less than the predetermined value, it is determined that the injector 210 is normal, and conversely, if the pressure increase obtained from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is larger than the predetermined value, it is determined that the fuel outlet of the injector 210 is clogged. .

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, when it is determined that the DPF pressure increase rate is less than the predetermined value, or when the value obtained by subtracting the generated torque from the required torque in the process of step S5 is determined to be smaller than a certain value. In the case where it is detected, the CPU 111 ends the process.

  That is, when it is determined that the value in the process of step S5 is smaller than a certain value, the CPU 111 allows a difference between the requested torque value requested from the ECU 110 and the actually generated torque value. Therefore, it is determined that the internal combustion engine is operating normally and the fuel injection from the injector 210 is not clogged. As a result, it is estimated that the clogging of the injector 210 by the CPU 111 has not occurred, and the CPU 111 ends the process.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the DPF pressure increase rate is not smaller than the predetermined value, the CPU 111 determines whether or not the processing flag is “0” (step S8).

  When it is determined that the processing flag is “0”, the CPU 111 subsequently determines whether or not the fuel is being cut during deceleration (step S9). Specifically, the CPU 111 determines the presence / absence of generated torque from the crank position sensor 120, and further determines whether or not a control instruction for stopping fuel supply has been issued to the injector 210. That is, based on the signal from the crank position sensor 120, it is determined whether or not the engine 100 is being driven. As described above, the state in which the engine 100 is driven and the fuel supply from the injector 210 to the combustion chamber is stopped is a state in which the rotational speed of the engine 100 is decreased, that is, the accelerator is turned off. In this case, the rotational speed of the engine 100 is reduced to the idling rotational speed.

  Therefore, when the CPU 111 decreases the rotation speed of the engine 100, that is, when it is determined that the fuel is being cut, the CPU 111 instructs removal of the ejection hole clogging (step S10). Details of a signal given to the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removing step will be described later. The CPU 111 changes the processing flag from “0” to “1” after instructing removal of the ejection hole clogging (step S10).

  Subsequently, after the process of step S10, the CPU 111 returns to step S3 and repeats the processes of step S3 to step S7.

  Here, if the value obtained by subtracting the generated torque from the required torque in the process of step S5 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the CPU 111 ends the process assuming that the malfunction of the injector 210 (clogging) has been repaired. Similarly, if the DPF pressure increase rate is within the predetermined value in the process of step S7, the CPU 111 ends the process assuming that the operation failure (clogging) of the injector 210 has been repaired.

  On the other hand, when the operation failure (clogging) of the injector 210 is not removed and the process of step S8 is performed, the CPU 111 determines that the process flag is “1” and instructs to display a failure of the injector 210 (step). S11). In this case, the CPU 111 informs the meter panel display device 140 described above of the failure warning. As a result, the driver can recognize (recognize) the replacement of the injector 210.

  In the present embodiment, the processing of step S9 to step S11 is performed only when the processing flag is “0”. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the processing flag is set every time processing of step S9 is performed. For example, it may be set so that the processing in steps S9 to S11 is repeated until the processing flag reaches “111”.

  In the present embodiment, the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 in front of the DPF 950 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the case of allowing an increase in cost in a diesel internal combustion engine, or in a gasoline internal combustion engine, If any sensor, such as a smoke sensor, is placed in front of the DPF 950 and the transmittance of the smoke sensor decreases, for example, soot is generated in the exhaust gas, and the amount of light received by infrared projection decreases. On the basis of the above, the CPU 111 may determine whether the injector ejection hole is clogged or the injector malfunctions.

  Next, FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the ejection hole clogging removal process in step S9 of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the CPU 111 first instructs to increase the rotational speed of the fuel pump 400 (step S110). Subsequently, the CPU 111 gives an injection start instruction to the injector 210 (step S111).

  In this case, the pressure in the common rail 300 increases, and the pressure of the fuel ejected from the injector 210 can be increased. For example, during normal operation, the pressure value of about 100 Mpa can be increased to a pressure value (for example, 140 Mpa) that does not cause a problem in combustion of a diesel internal combustion engine. This increases the possibility of removing deposits, soot and the like adhering to the injector 210, and the clogging of the injector 210 can be reliably removed.

  In the present embodiment, the number of revolutions of the fuel pump 400 is increased by the processing in step S110. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be instructed to set another arbitrary number of revolutions. For example, the rotational speed at idling may be set.

  Next, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an injection start instruction to injector 210 shown in FIG.

  6A shows the operation of the injector 210 during normal operation of the engine 100, FIG. 6B shows an example of the operation of the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removal process, and FIG. 6C shows the ejection hole. Another example of the operation of the injector 210 in the clogging removal process is shown, and FIG. 6D shows still another example of the operation of the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removal process. The vertical axis in FIG. 6 represents the pressure of the injector 210, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 represents the ejection time from the injector 210.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (a), during the period in which the piston of the normal engine 100 reciprocates twice, the injector 210 performs a jetting operation (usually called pilot jetting) during a period T1 at a low pressure and a high pressure. Thus, two ejections, that is, the ejection operation during the period T2, are performed.

  Thus, in the diesel internal combustion engine, in order to improve the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber, after performing preliminary fuel injection, fuel injection is performed again to realize suitable combustion in the combustion chamber. Here, the period T1 is, for example, 300 μs or more and 500 μs or less, and the period T2 is, for example, a range of 800 μs or more and 1500 μs or less. The high pressure is preferably about 100 Mpa to 180 Mpa, for example, and the low pressure is preferably about 32 MPa to less than 100 Mpa, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removal step performs the ejection operation of the fuel ejection four times in synchronization with the period T2 at a high pressure (for example, 140 MPa). As shown in FIG. 6B, the high-pressure fuel is ejected from the injector 210, so that the clogging of the injector 210 can be reliably removed. Even if the pressure of these four fuel injections is low (for example, 32 Mpa; pilot injection pressure), digit removal or soot removal can be performed by intermittent injection, and a sufficient effect can be obtained.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6C, the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removal process performs the fuel ejection operation twice in a period of 1/4 × (T2) during the period T2 at a high pressure (for example, 140 Mpa). Do. As shown in FIG. 6C, high pressure fuel is reliably ejected from clogging of the injector 210 by ejecting high pressure fuel from the injector 210 and not ejecting high pressure fuel from the injector 210 for a predetermined time. Therefore, the clogging of the injector 210 can be reliably removed. Even if the pressure of the two fuel injections is low (for example, 32 Mpa; pilot injection pressure), sufficient effects can be obtained by intermittent injection.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the injector 210 in the ejection hole clogging removal process is a high pressure (for example, 140 Mpa), and the fuel is ejected once in a period of 1/4 × (T2) during the period T2. Perform eruption. As shown in FIG. 6 (d), the high speed fuel is ejected from the injector 210 only once, so that the rotational speed of the engine 100 can be smoothly reduced and the fuel consumption can be suppressed. Even if the pressure of the two fuel injections is low (for example, 32 Mpa; pilot injection pressure), sufficient effects can be obtained by intermittent injection.

  In the present embodiment, the diesel internal combustion engine has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be used for any internal combustion engine such as a gasoline internal combustion engine.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the clogging removal operation of the injector 210 from the injector 210 is synchronized with the normal ejection timing. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and during any other period, for example, during the exhaust cycle period, etc. You may go.

  As described above, in the injector malfunction detection device according to the present embodiment, it is assumed that the malfunction of the injector 210 occurs, a large amount of particulates or soot is generated in the exhaust gas, and the DPF 950 is clogged. However, since the pressure detected by the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 fluctuates (including both increase and decrease), the malfunction of the injector 210 can be detected.

  Further, since the determination can be made based on whether or not the range of the estimated pressure value is exceeded in a predetermined time, the malfunction of the injector 210 can be reliably detected. That is, it is determined not a short-term malfunction, but a state where it cannot be recovered for a predetermined time or more. Further, when the value of the generated torque actually generated from the engine is smaller than a predetermined value than the required torque requested for engine 100, a generated torque that is different from the required torque instructed to engine 100 by a predetermined value or more is generated. It is also judged in parallel. As a result, the malfunction of the injector 210 can be detected easily with a reliable and simple configuration without adding a new member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent melting of the DPF 950 that occurs when the DPF 950 is clogged with soot or the like during incomplete combustion.

  In particular, in the diesel internal combustion engine, since the air fuel consumption sensor is not provided, it is not necessary to provide a new member such as an air fuel consumption sensor, and an increase in the cost of the member can be suppressed.

  In addition, in the injector malfunction removal device, after the malfunction of the injector 210 is reliably detected, fuel is injected at the same timing as the engine operating state, and the ejection hole clogging removal operation is performed. This can prevent an uncomfortable feeling.

  In the injector malfunction detection device and the injector malfunction removal apparatus using the same according to the present invention, the engine 100 corresponds to the engine, the injector 210 corresponds to the injector, the DPF 950 corresponds to the particulate filter, and the ECU 110 is the first. , The second determination device, the injector malfunction detection device, and the control device, and the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 corresponds to the exhaust pressure sensor.

  In the above-described embodiment, the predetermined value is calculated based on the pressure increase obtained from the pressure increase rate map. However, a certain pressure increase may be simply set as the predetermined value. When the pressure increase obtained from the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is the constant pressure increase, it can be determined that the fuel injection port of the injector 210 is clogged.

  In the present embodiment, the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 has been described as being provided upstream of the DPF 950. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the DPF exhaust pressure sensor 941 is provided upstream and downstream of the DPF. It may be a pressure sensor that detects the differential pressure between the downstream side and the downstream side. In this embodiment, the exhaust throttle valve 920 and the exhaust throttle actuator 930 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the exhaust throttle valve 920 and the exhaust throttle actuator 930 may not be provided.

  Although the present invention has been described in the above preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be understood that various other embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the effect | action and effect by the structure of this invention are described, these effect | actions and effects are examples and do not limit this invention.

The schematic diagram which shows an example of a structure of the engine to which the injector malfunction removal apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment is applied. Block diagram showing configuration of engine ECU Flow chart showing processing operation of CPU Schematic diagram for explaining the pressure increase rate The figure which shows an example of the process of the ejection hole clog removal of step S9 of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the injection start instruction | indication to the injector shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

100 Engine 210 Injector 950 DPF
510 Airflow sensor 110 ECU
400 Fuel pump 941 DPF exhaust pressure sensor

Claims (10)

An injector for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber of the engine;
A particulate filter inserted in an exhaust gas exhaust system from the engine to collect particulates contained in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust pressure sensor disposed in the exhaust system and estimating the clogged state of the particulate filter by detecting the pressure of the exhaust gas;
A first determination device for determining a malfunction of the injector based on a variation in a detection value of the exhaust pressure sensor;
An injector malfunction detection device comprising: The first determination device includes:
The detected value of the exhaust pressure sensor in the operating state of the engine based on a pressure estimated value that is predetermined as a detected value of the exhaust pressure sensor that is predicted to be detected corresponding to the operating state of the engine 2. The injector malfunction detection device according to claim 1, wherein when the pressure exceeds a predetermined range of the estimated pressure value for a predetermined time, the injector is determined to be malfunctioning. 3.   The first determination device satisfies the operation failure condition of the injector based on the detection value of the exhaust pressure sensor, and the generated torque generated from the engine is smaller than a predetermined value by a predetermined value than the required torque instructed to the engine in advance. 3. The injector malfunction detection device according to claim 1, wherein it is determined that the injector is malfunctioning. Including the injector malfunction detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
When it is determined by the first determination device that the injector is malfunctioning,
An injector malfunction removing device comprising a control device for instructing the injector to remove the clogging of ejection holes. The ejection hole clogging removing operation is
5. The injector malfunction removing device according to claim 4, wherein the injector malfunction removal apparatus is synchronized with a fuel ejection operation timing from the injector in an operating state of the engine. An injector for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber of the engine;
A particulate detection device that is inserted into an exhaust gas exhaust system from the engine and detects the amount of particulates contained in the exhaust gas;
A second determination device for determining a malfunction of the injector based on a change in a detection value of the fine particle detection device;
An injector malfunction detection device comprising: The fine particle detection apparatus includes:
7. The injector malfunction detecting device according to claim 6, comprising a smoke sensor. The smoke sensor is
8. The injector malfunction detection device according to claim 7, wherein the amount of fine particles is detected based on an amount of transmitted infrared light in the exhaust gas discharge system. The injector malfunction detection device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising:
When it is determined by the second determination device that the injector is malfunctioning,
An injector malfunction removing device comprising a control device for instructing the injector to remove the clogging of ejection holes. The ejection hole clogging removing operation is
10. The injector malfunction removal device according to claim 9, wherein the injector malfunction removal apparatus is synchronized with a fuel ejection operation timing from the injector in an operating state of the engine.

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