JP2007154562A - Water-permeable block - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-permeable block with a design in a deep color at least on the surface layer, while having high water-permeability. <P>SOLUTION: In the water-permeable block, the aggregate which forms at least the surface layer contains a granular substance prepared by crushing unglazed tiles. and contains pigment at least in the surface layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water-permeable block, and more particularly to a water-permeable block having at least a surface layer portion colored.

  Many types of water-permeable blocks are already on the market and are becoming popular as paving materials with excellent water permeability and water retention. However, it is a porous material with a high porosity in order to have the function of allowing water permeability and water retention in the block, and the surface layer part also contains aggregates and voids, and it can not be dense It is. Therefore, even if the surface layer portion is decorated, it is possible to color the aggregate with paint or pigment, but there is a problem that it is very difficult to darken because there is a gap and it is difficult to control the color tone is there.

Therefore, as a method of decorating the surface layer portion of a water-permeable ceramic block, for example, a method of manufacturing a block using a ceramic aggregate in which a colored ceramic aggregate or a pigment is dispersed has been proposed (patent) Reference 1). In this method, a predetermined color can be obtained by using a ceramic aggregate obtained by preparing and blending a pigment and then firing, or by dispersing the pigment in the surface of the ceramic aggregate and / or in a sintered binder. . However, colored ceramic aggregates are aggregates that are manufactured by firing in advance and are expensive. Even if pigments are used, the amount of use increases for darkening, which increases costs. Furthermore, since the ceramic aggregate is fired in advance, the physical and thermal activity of the aggregate is reduced, and the adhesiveness with the binder when used as a block aggregate, the fusing property, etc. are slightly reduced. In some cases, quality such as block strength may be deteriorated.
JP 2005-139762 A

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides a water-permeable block with easy color control that can have a dark color design at least on the surface layer portion while having high water permeability. Objective.

The present invention for achieving the above object is characterized by the following (1) to (3).
(1) A water permeable block in which the aggregate constituting at least the surface layer portion includes a crushed granular material of an unglazed tile, and the pigment is further included in at least the surface layer portion.
(2) The water permeable block according to (1), wherein the aggregates are bound by a vitreous sintered binder.
(3) The water-permeable block according to (1) or (2), wherein the pulverized granular material occupies 20 to 100% by volume of the aggregate constituting the surface layer portion.

  The water permeable block in the present invention is a porous body having a porosity determined by Archimedes method of 10% by volume or more, and is measured by a method according to the method of constant water level permeability test described in JIS A1218. The water permeability coefficient is 0.005 cm / sec or more.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the block which has high water permeability and can perform color tone control which can also give a dark-colored design can be provided. Furthermore, since the tile waste material can be used for the water-permeable block of the present invention, it is possible to effectively use waste and to reduce the cost.

  The water-permeable block of the present invention is obtained by molding an aggregate raw material, but in order to develop the color of the surface, the aggregate constituting at least the surface layer portion includes a crushed granular material of an unglazed tile, Further, at least the surface layer portion contains a pigment. Such a water-permeable block uses, as an aggregate constituting at least the surface layer portion, for example, a granular material obtained by pulverizing and classifying an unglazed tile manufactured from a colored tile fabric, and at least further on the surface layer portion. The pigment is added, and the pigment is dispersed on the surface of the aggregate including the particulate matter or in the sintered binder. Due to the color of the colored colored fabric and the action of the added pigment, it is possible to darken and develop a unique design.

  The aggregate constituting at least the surface layer portion only needs to satisfy the above-described conditions, and the base layer portion of the block may be the same as the surface layer or may have a different raw material structure. A surface layer part is a part of the outermost surface layer of the whole block, and is a part located in the uppermost layer when used as a paving material. When the block can be divided into an outermost surface layer and other base layers with different raw material configurations, a portion located in the uppermost layer is defined as a surface layer portion. That is. For example, at the time of press molding into a block shape, a part of the raw material corresponding to the base layer may be first filled in a mold, and then a raw material corresponding to the surface layer may be filled into the mold. The portion filled with the raw material and molded is the surface layer portion. In the case of such a multilayer structure, the thickness of the surface layer portion is often about 5 to 20% of the total block thickness.

  The infinite tile will be described below. The tiles are roughly classified into glazed tiles and unglazed tiles depending on whether or not the surface is coated with glaze. While glazed tiles decorate the tile surface with a glaze, many of unglazed tiles are manufactured by kneading pigments into the tile raw material in advance, then molding and firing. Yes, not only the surface of the tile, but the entire fabric is colored. In the present invention, crushed granular materials of colorless tiles are used regardless of whether they are colored or colorless. In glazed tiles, the glaze mainly determines the color condition, so even if the pulverized granular material is used for the water-permeable block surface layer, the color condition of the surface of the glazed tile cannot be utilized, but the tile without the glaze applied is fundamental. In addition, since the fabric itself determines the color condition, if the pulverized granular material of the tile not coated with the glaze is used, the color condition of the tile can be utilized even in the water permeable block, and the color tone can be easily controlled. Above all, the pulverized granular material of colored and unglazed tiles that have been kneaded and fired in advance is colored, because the entire fabric is colored. It is more preferable in obtaining a water permeable block having a design of a system.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the pulverized granular material of an infinite tile occupies 20-100 volume% of the aggregate which comprises the surface layer part of a water-permeable block. If the crushed granular material of the colorless tile is less than 20% by volume, the influence of the color of other aggregates becomes large, and it is difficult to adjust the color development.

  It is assumed that the crushed granular material of the colorless tile is 20 to 100% by volume, and the area of the crushed granular material of the colorless tile and other aggregates in the block cross section is assumed on the assumption that the structure is homogeneous in the depth direction. It can be replaced by a ratio. In addition, when calculating the area ratio between the crushed granular material of solid tile and other aggregates from the block cross-section, image processing is performed using the cross-sectional photograph, or the weight ratio is measured by dividing the cross-sectional photograph for each particle. To derive the area ratio.

  The solid tile does not need to be manufactured for the purpose of use in the present invention, and is discarded for some reason in the solid tile manufactured for the purpose of use for the original architectural use. It is possible to use the resulting product. That is, it is possible to collect and reuse defective products generated from factories, long-term stocks that are no longer sold, or items that are damaged during use. This makes it possible to recycle materials that have been disposed of in landfills, contributing to the reduction of waste, reducing raw material costs, and as a raw material for civil engineering and construction that uses a large amount of raw materials. Is preferred.

  In the present invention, the color is adjusted by adding a pigment to the surface layer portion. For this purpose, the pigment is added at the raw material stage before being subjected to press molding into a block shape, and the pigment is dispersed and adhered to the surface of the aggregate. Or dispersed in a binder.

The aggregate raw material constituting the water-permeable block of the present invention, in addition to the unglazed tiles, it is possible to use particulates or obtained from glazed tiles, steel slag, and sewage sludge, municipal waste molten slag. Sewage sludge melted slag refers to a product obtained by separating sewage into sewage and sludge and then further melting and cooling the sludge concentrated and dewatered solid (cake). Depending on the cooling method, granulated slag, air-cooled slag, Classified as slow cooling slag. The municipal waste melting slag is obtained by melting and cooling garbage or garbage incineration ash. Steel slag is a granular material obtained by quenching or slow cooling by-product slag produced during iron making or steel making in a blast furnace or electric furnace.

  The aggregate constituting the surface layer preferably has a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less, and an average particle size (50% obtained from a cumulative particle size distribution obtained by a sieving method using a sieve specified in JIS Z8801). (Diameter) is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm. Therefore, it is preferable that the average particle diameter of the pulverized granular material of the tileless tile is also in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm. When the maximum particle size of the aggregate constituting the surface layer exceeds 5 mm or the average particle size exceeds 3 mm, the water permeability is improved, but the particle size unevenness occurs, the bond strength is insufficient, and there is a risk of missing particles. Come. When the average particle size is less than 0.5 mm, a strong bond can be obtained, but the pore size becomes small, the water passage resistance increases, and the water permeability decreases. Furthermore, in the firing process, the shrinkage greatly occurs, and the shape and dimensions of the resulting block tend to become unstable.

  And as said raw material, you may use adhesive binders, such as clay, resin, water glass, and starch, as needed. In some cases, cement or resin may be blended so as to solidify without sintering, but it may be made into a block product. In addition, a binder having a property of melting at a sintering temperature or lower can be used. By firing at a high temperature of 850 to 1200 ° C., the aggregate is bound by the sintered binder and becomes a base having a large number of continuous pores. Furthermore, it is particularly preferable to use glass powder as a sintered binder in order to obtain a paving block with better quality such as water permeability, strength and shape stability as a block.

  In the present invention, the block thickness is preferably in the range of 20 to 80 mm. If it is less than 20 mm, the strength of the block is not sufficiently ensured, and if it exceeds 80 mm, the block weight increases and the workability tends to deteriorate. Further, when firing and manufacturing, it is difficult to sufficiently advance the sintering to the inside of the block, and as a result, the strength tends to decrease.

Example 1
First, the surface layer material was prepared as follows.

  A solid gray mosaic tile (made by Toray ACE Co., Ltd., trade name “Trenova TN-03”), which is a dark gray fabric, was procured, machined and passed through a 10 mesh sieve (mesh opening 1.7 mm), The granular material remaining on 32 mesh (aperture 0.5 mm) was taken out to obtain an aggregate of dark gray fabric. 5 parts by weight of water glass and 10 parts by weight of glass powder were added to 100 parts by weight of the aggregate and mixed with a mortar mixer. To this was added 2 parts by weight of a black pigment (pigment BK3565 manufactured by Iwasaki Co., Ltd.) having a composition ratio of 60% by weight of chromium oxide and 30% by weight of iron oxide, and further mixed with a mortar mixer to obtain a surface layer material.

  Subsequently, the base layer material was prepared as follows.

  50 parts by weight of the aggregate of dark gray fabric obtained in the above-described process and 50 parts by weight of municipal waste molten slag having an average particle size of 1.5 mm were mixed. To this, 5 parts by weight of water glass and 10 parts by weight of glass powder were added and mixed with a mortar mixer to obtain a base layer material.

  Next, a mold capable of forming a block having a surface size of 200 × 100 mm and a thickness of 60 mm was prepared and set in a vibration press machine. First, 1.8 kg of the above base layer material was filled in this mold and lightly pressurized by vibration, and then 0.2 kg of the above surface layer material was filled thereon and subjected to vibration and pressure to obtain a block molded body.

  The molded body was dried and solidified, then charged into a roller hearth kiln, and fired for 8 hours at a maximum temperature of 1100 ° C. to obtain a water-permeable block.

  The obtained water-permeable block was a water-permeable block in which glass powder was a sintered binder to bind aggregates, and had continuous pores and exhibited high water permeability. The porosity determined by Archimedes method was 18% by volume, and the water permeability coefficient by a method according to the method of the constant water level permeability test described in JIS A1218 was 0.02 cm / sec. Further, the surface layer portion of the water permeable block has a black pigment dispersed on the surface of the aggregate of the dark gray fabric as a raw material, and it is visually observed that a darker gray color is developed than the dark gray of the aggregate itself. It could be confirmed.

(Example 2)
First, the surface layer material was prepared as follows.

  The aggregate of the dark gray fabric was the same as that used in Example 1. Next, a glazed mosaic tile (manufactured by Toray ACE Co., Ltd., trade name “Trekler TCS-36”) was prepared. This tile is colored only with glaze on the surface, and the surface color is almost the same color as the unglazed mosaic tile (made by Toray ACE, trade name “Trenova TN-03”) which is a raw material of dark gray aggregate The color of the tile fabric except for the glaze surface was light gray. This glazed mosaic tile was pulverized and classified under the same conditions as in the production process of the dark gray fabric aggregate to obtain an aggregate. This aggregate was light gray aggregate due to the influence of the exposure inside the fabric more than the glaze surface. 30 parts by weight of the above-mentioned dark gray aggregate and 70 parts by weight of light gray aggregate were mixed. To this, 5 parts by weight of water glass and 10 parts by weight of glass powder were added and mixed with a mortar mixer. To this, 2 parts by weight of a black pigment (pigment BK3565 made by Iwasaki Co., Ltd.) having a composition ratio of 60% by weight of chromium oxide and 30% by weight of iron oxide used in Example 1 was added, and further mixed with a mortar mixer to obtain a surface layer material. It was.

  The base layer material was the same as that used in Example 1.

  The above material was made into the block by the process equivalent to Example 1. FIG. That is, a block molded body having a base layer material and a surface layer material thereon by vibration pressurization was dried, solidified, and then fired with a roller hearth kiln to obtain a water-permeable block.

  The obtained water-permeable block was a water-permeable block having continuous pores as in Example 1 in which glass powder became a sintered binder to bind aggregates. In addition, the surface layer part of this water-permeable block has a unique texture with a distribution of dark and light, with many aggregates of dark gray fabric distributed in the aggregate of light gray aggregates as raw materials, It was visually confirmed that the black pigment was dispersed on the surfaces of both aggregates and that the light gray and dark gray of the aggregate itself were further darkened.

(Comparative Example 1)
The same raw materials as those used in Example 1 were prepared at the same mixing ratio as the surface layer material and the base layer material. However, no black pigment was added to the surface layer material. A water-permeable block was obtained from the above materials in the same production process as in Example 1.

  The surface layer portion of the obtained block was inferior in gray density as compared with the water-permeable block obtained in Example 1, although the color of the aggregate of dark gray fabric as a raw material remained. Moreover, it seemed to be slightly faint than the dark gray of the original aggregate itself because it was reheated or covered with a glass binder.

(Comparative Example 2)
As the aggregate used for the surface layer material, a water-permeable block was obtained in exactly the same production process as Example 2 except that the aggregate of dark gray fabric was not used and the light gray aggregate was 100 parts by weight. .

  The surface layer portion of the obtained block was slightly grayish because the pigment was added, but it was not a dark color.

  Further, the lightness L value of the water permeable blocks obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured using a Minolta color difference meter “CR-310”. = 42, L value = 47 in Example 2, L value = 51 in Comparative Example 1, and L value = 57 in Comparative Example 2. That is, when Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are compared, the effect of darkening due to the addition of pigment can be clearly confirmed, and when Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are compared, the tile-free crushed granular material is included. Otherwise, it was confirmed that the effect of darkening could not be obtained sufficiently.

Claims (3)

  A water permeable block in which the aggregate constituting at least the surface layer portion includes crushed granular material of a solid tile, and at least the surface layer portion includes a pigment.   The water permeable block according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is bound by a vitreous sintered binder.   The water-permeable block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein among the aggregates constituting the surface layer portion, the pulverized granular material occupies 20 to 100% by volume.