JP2007146581A - Disaster prevention shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disaster prevention shelter low in cost, easily installed and having high aseismatic resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The disaster prevention shelter 1 is composed of a skeleton 3 and a canopy part 4 placed on the upper part of the skeleton 3. The canopy part 4 is formed of high-density foamed polystyrene resin, and has a wood grained pattern on the surface. Four pillars extending in a vertical direction out of the skeleton 3 are covered with resin covers 5 which have the same wood grained patterns as the canopy part 4. The disaster prevention shelter 1 is provided with four open side faces 6 and can be entered from any side face 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a disaster prevention shelter, and more particularly to a home disaster prevention shelter for ensuring the safety of human lives from a house collapsed by an earthquake.

  The 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake caused approximately 6,500 deaths and 45,000 injuries, and many precious lives were lost. Many of the dead were senior citizens who lived on the ground floor of an old house, and many of them died under the collapsed roofs or fired while underlaying. It is pointed out that a large earthquake of the same scale will occur in the future, and there is a concern that damage of the same scale may occur.

  As in the case of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, people who live in old houses are likely to lose their lives in the next major earthquake. In particular, wooden buildings built before the revision of the standard in 1981 are considered to be highly likely to be damaged. However, there are many buildings that are difficult to reinforce regardless of residents' intentions due to the location conditions and ownership of the buildings. Patent Document 1 discloses an earthquake-resistant shelter developed for the purpose of ensuring the safety of a person living in such a house without using reinforcement of the entire building.

  This seismic shelter is a structure that is constructed by attaching a panel to the ceiling surface of the frame made of steel, stretching the floorboard on the floor of the frame, and covering the side of the frame with walls and providing a plurality of evacuation openings It is made up of and independently installed on the floor of the indoor living space. If this earthquake-resistant shelter is installed in the living space of a wooden house with low earthquake resistance, when a large earthquake occurs, it will enter the inside of the structure from the evacuation exit, so that the house will collapse even if the house collapses The lives and safety of residents can be ensured.

JP 2003-328584 A

  However, although this earthquake-resistant shelter can ensure the lives and safety of residents when installed, it has a problem in that it is expensive due to its complicated structure, and it takes time and labor to install. In addition, since this earthquake-resistant shelter has a space between the ceiling surface of the frame and the ceiling in the room, the impact load generated when the house collapses and the ceiling falls is applied to the earthquake-resistant shelter, and the earthquake-resistant shelter itself There was a problem that could be crushed.

  This invention was made in order to solve such a problem, and it aims at providing the disaster prevention shelter with high earthquake resistance which is cheap and easy to install.

A disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention is a disaster prevention shelter that can be installed in a room of a house, has a canopy portion that abuts the ceiling of the room, a plurality of pillars, and places the canopy portion, and the canopy portion on the ceiling A height-adjustable housing is provided so that the pillars are in contact with each other.
The length of the housing may be adjustable in the horizontal direction.
The canopy may be provided with illumination.
An anti-slip member may be provided on the top surface of the canopy.
The surface of the canopy may be provided with a woodgrain pattern, and the pillar may be covered with a cover with a woodgrain pattern.

  According to this invention, the disaster prevention shelter includes a canopy portion that abuts the ceiling of the room, and a housing that has a plurality of pillars and that can be adjusted in height so that the canopy portion is placed and the canopy portion abuts the ceiling. Since the structure between the pillars is simple and the structure is simple, the structure can be easily installed in a room at a low price. Furthermore, since the canopy is in contact with the ceiling, the impact load generated when the house collapses and the ceiling falls is not applied to the canopy, so that the earthquake resistance of the disaster prevention shelter can be improved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A perspective view of a disaster prevention shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The disaster prevention shelter 1 includes a housing 3 having four steel pillars 7 (see FIG. 2) extending in the vertical direction, and a canopy portion 4 placed on the top of the housing 3. A sofa 2, which is one piece of furniture, is disposed inside the housing 3. The canopy 4 is made of high-density foamed polystyrene resin, and has a wood grain pattern on the surface. Further, the four pillars 7 are covered with a resin cover 5, and the surface of the cover 5 is given a woodgrain pattern like the canopy portion 4. The wood grain pattern attached to the canopy 4 and the cover 5 prevents the indoor landscape from being damaged when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is installed indoors. Further, the four side surfaces 6 of the disaster prevention shelter 1 are opened between the pillars 7 so that any side surface 6 can enter the inside of the disaster prevention shelter 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 3 includes the above-described four pillars 7, the two steel pipes 8 and the two pipes 13 that connect the upper ends of the adjacent pillars 7, and the adjacent pillars. 7 are provided with two bars 9 and two bars 12 made of steel for connecting the lower ends of 7. An intermediate pipe 10 is provided so as to connect the central portions of the two pipes 8. The casing 3 has four side surfaces 6 by the adjacent pillars 7, the pipes 8 and 13 connecting the upper ends of the adjacent pillars 7, and the bars 9 and 12 connecting the lower ends of the adjacent pillars 7. Is defined. Each of the four pillars 7 is provided with a handle 11 for gripping a person who escapes into the disaster prevention shelter 1.

  Upper adjusters 20a or 20b that connect the pipes 8 and 13 and one pillar 7 are provided at each of the four corners above the housing 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper adjuster 20 a includes a horizontal pipe accommodating portion 21 that accommodates the pipe 8, a horizontal pipe accommodating portion 29 that accommodates the pipe 13, a vertical pillar accommodating portion 22 that accommodates the pillar 7, and a horizontal A substantially triangular bracket 23a provided in contact with the pipe accommodating portion 21 and the vertical pillar accommodating portion 22, and a substantially triangular bracket 23b provided in contact with the horizontal pipe accommodating portion 29 and the vertical pillar accommodating portion 22; And a bracket 24 having a substantially triangular shape provided so as to be in contact with the horizontal pipe accommodating portions 21 and 29. The horizontal pipe accommodating portion 21 is provided with a groove 25, and the bolt 26 is screwed into the groove 25 so that the bottom surface of the shaft of the bolt 26 comes into contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the pipe 8. 8 is fixed in the horizontal pipe accommodating portion 21. A hole (not shown) is formed in the horizontal pipe accommodating portion 29, and a bolt 28 is inserted into the hole, and the bottom surface of the shaft of the bolt 28 comes into contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the pipe 13, so that the pipe 13 is caused by frictional force. It is fixed in the horizontal pipe housing part 29. The upper adjuster 20b is obtained by reversing the positions of the horizontal pipe accommodating portions 21 and 29 with respect to the upper adjuster 20a. By adjusting the tightening position of the bolt 26 in the groove 25 in each of the upper adjusters 20a and 20b, the position of the tip of the pipe 8 in the horizontal pipe accommodating portion 21 can be adjusted. Thereby, the space | interval of the horizontal pipe accommodating part 21 of the upper adjuster 20a and the horizontal pipe accommodating part 21 of the upper adjuster 20b can be adjusted. Further, the vertical pillar accommodating portion 22 is provided with an opening 27 that communicates with a cavity inside the vertical pillar accommodating portion 22.

  The pipe 8 and the intermediate pipe 10 are connected by a connector 30 (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 4, the connector 30 receives the pipe 8 and fixes the fixing portion 31 to the middle portion of the pipe 8, and extends perpendicularly to the fixing portion 31 from the central portion of the fixing portion 31. And an intermediate pipe accommodating portion 32 that accommodates one end of the intermediate pipe 10. The intermediate pipe housing portion 32 is provided with a screw hole (not shown). The bolt 34 is screwed into the screw hole and the end surface of the shaft of the bolt 34 is brought into contact with the surface of the intermediate pipe 10 so that the intermediate pipe 10 is It is fixed in the intermediate pipe housing part 32.

  Lower adjusters 40a or b for connecting the bars 9, 12 and the pillars 7 are provided at the four corners below the casing 3 (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 5, the bar 9 is composed of a horizontal portion 9a in contact with the floor and a vertical portion 9b perpendicular to the horizontal portion 9a, and has a L-shaped cross section. Similarly, the bar 12 includes a horizontal portion 12a in contact with the floor and a vertical portion 12b perpendicular to the horizontal portion 12a, and has a L-shaped cross section. The lower adjuster 40a includes a vertical pillar accommodating portion 41 that accommodates the pillar 7, a substantially triangular bracket 42a provided so as to contact the vertical pillar accommodating portion 41 and the vertical portion 9b of the bar 9, a vertical pillar accommodating portion 41, and A substantially triangular bracket 42b provided in contact with the vertical portion 12b of the bar 12 and a substantially triangular bracket 43 provided in contact with the flat portion 9a of the bar 9 and the flat portion 12b of the bar 12 are provided. ing. A bolt 44 is provided in the bracket 42a so that the bar 9 is fixed to the lower adjuster 40 by inserting the bolt 44 into a groove 45 provided in the vertical portion 9b and tightening with a nut (not shown). Yes. By adjusting the position of the bolt 44 in the groove 45, the position of the lower adjuster 40a with respect to the bar 9 can be adjusted. The lower adjuster 40b is obtained by reversing the positions of the brackets 42a and 42b with respect to the lower adjuster 40a. Thereby, the space | interval of the bracket 42a of the lower adjuster 40a and the bracket 42a of the lower adjuster 40b can be adjusted. The brackets 42a and 42b are provided with fixing holes 46a and 46b through which the fixing belt 73 (see FIG. 8) passes, respectively, at positions adjacent to the vertical pillar accommodating portion 41. The furniture is fixed to the housing 3 by fixing the vertical pillar accommodating portion 41 and the furniture foot (not shown) by the fixing belt 73.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the distance between the horizontal pipe accommodating part 21 of the upper adjuster 20a and the horizontal pipe accommodating part 21 of the upper adjuster 20b can be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower adjuster 40a Since the distance between the bracket 42a and the bracket 42a of the lower adjuster 40b can be adjusted, the length of the housing 3 (see FIG. 2) can be adjusted in the horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the pillar 7 includes a cylindrical pipe 7a and an adjustment bolt 7b that can be inserted into the pipe 7a. A disc-shaped attachment portion 27 a is provided at the position of the opening 27 inside the vertical pillar accommodating portion 22. The adjustment bolt 7b is provided so that the adjustment bolt 7b is inserted into a hole (not shown) formed in the attachment portion 27a, and the head 7b1 of the adjustment bolt 7b and the nut 53 are sandwiched between the attachment portions 27a. The shaft portion 7b2 is rotatable. A cylindrical rubber bush 50 is attached to the shaft portion 7b2 by a washer 51 and a nut 52. The shaft portion 7b2 to which the rubber bush 50 is attached is inserted into the pipe 7a, and the position of the rubber bush 50 is adjusted so that the lower end portion 7a1 of the pipe 7a and the head 7b1 of the adjusting bolt 7b have a desired length. . When the shaft portion 7b2 of the adjusting bolt 7b is rotated, the rubber bush 50 is twisted and expanded in the circumferential direction by the frictional force between the shaft portion 7b2 and the rubber bush 50. Thereby, the rubber bush 50 fastens the shaft portion 7a2 to hold the adjusting bolt 7b, and the rubber bush 50 is pressed against the inner wall of the pipe 7a to fix the rubber bush 50, so that the pillar 7 is fixed to a desired length. Thus, the length of the housing 3 (see FIG. 2) can be adjusted in the vertical direction.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the canopy 4. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a side view, and FIG. 7C is a bottom view.
On the upper surface 4a of the canopy portion 4, eight rubber anti-slip members 60 extending in a bar shape are provided in parallel to each other. Further, the canopy portion 4 is provided with a slope portion 4b that is connected to each of the four sides of the upper surface 4a and forms an acute angle with the upper surface 4a. On the back surface of the canopy 4, grooves 61, 65, and 62 into which the pipes 8 and 13 and the intermediate pipe 10 (see FIG. 2) of the housing 3 are fitted are provided. On both sides of the groove 62, recessed portions 4c that are recessed in a concave shape are provided. Each indentation 4c is provided with an indirect illumination 63 that is illumination. Electric power is supplied to the indirect illumination 63 from a rechargeable battery 64.

Next, a method for installing the disaster prevention shelter according to this embodiment in a room of a house will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the housing 3 is placed on the floor 71 so as to include the sofa 2 in the living room on the first floor of the house. By adjusting the horizontal length of the housing 3, the pillar 7 is brought close to the sofa 2. The fixing belt 73 is passed through fixing holes 46a and 46b (see FIG. 5) provided in the brackets 42a and 42b, and the legs of the sofa 2 and the vertical pillar accommodating portions 41 (see FIG. 5) of the lower adjusters 40a and 40b are fixed to the fixing belt. Secure with 73. Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the canopy 4 is placed on the housing 3, and the length of the pillar 7 is adjusted and fixed so that the upper surface 4 a of the canopy 4 contacts the ceiling 70. To do. Finally, the cover 5 is attached to the pillar 7 as shown in FIG. In this way, the disaster prevention shelter 1 is installed very easily. The disaster prevention shelter 1 is easy to carry when moving.

  Next, the operation of the disaster prevention shelter 1 when an earthquake occurs will be described. If an earthquake occurs, the resident enters the disaster prevention shelter 1 from one of the four side surfaces 6. While shaking continues, the resident can avoid being thrown out of the disaster prevention shelter 1 by firmly holding the handle 11 inside the disaster prevention shelter 1. Moreover, even if a house collapses and the ceiling 70 falls, the disaster prevention shelter 1 avoids that an internal resident is crushed by the ceiling 70. In particular, even if a load is applied to the canopy 4 from the ceiling 70 and the rubber bush 50 fixed in the pipe 7a of the pillar 7 is pushed downward, the lower end 7a1 of the pillar 7 is a vertical pillar of the lower adjusters 40a and 40b. By being in contact with the bottom of the accommodating portion 41, the air under the rubber bush 50 in the pipe 7a is compressed by the rubber bush 50 and becomes resistant to the downward movement of the rubber bush 50, so that the disaster prevention shelter 1 is not easily crushed. The earthquake resistance is improved. Moreover, since the canopy part 4 is in contact with the ceiling 70, the impact load generated when the ceiling 70 falls is not applied to the canopy part 4, so that the earthquake resistance of the disaster prevention shelter 1 is enhanced, and the disaster prevention shelter 1 The possibility that the inside person is crushed by the ceiling 70 is further reduced. In addition, since the anti-slip member 60 is provided on the upper surface 4a of the canopy part 4, the canopy part 4 does not slide on the ceiling 70, so that the disaster prevention shelter 1 does not move in the room during an earthquake. Furthermore, since the disaster prevention shelter 1 is provided with the indirect illumination 63 to which electric power is supplied by the rechargeable battery 64, it provides light even if a power failure occurs.

  As described above, the disaster prevention shelter 1 has the canopy portion 4 that abuts the ceiling 70 in the room and the four pillars, and the height adjustment is performed so that the canopy portion 4 is placed and the canopy portion 4 abuts the ceiling 70. Since it has a simple structure including a possible housing 3 and an opening between pillars, it is inexpensive and can be easily installed indoors. In addition, since the canopy portion 4 is in contact with the ceiling 70, the impact load generated by the falling of the ceiling 70 is not applied to the canopy portion 4, so that the earthquake resistance of the disaster prevention shelter 1 can be improved. Moreover, since the length of the housing 3 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction, it can be adjusted to a size suitable for any furniture in the room. Further, since the fluorescent lamp 63 is provided on the flat surface portion 4c of the canopy portion 4, the disaster prevention shelter 1 can be installed by removing the illumination even in a room where the ceiling 70 is illuminated. Since the indirect illumination 63 is supplied with electric power by the rechargeable battery 64, the light in the disaster prevention shelter 1 can be secured even during a power failure. Moreover, since the anti-slip member 60 is provided on the flat surface portion 4a of the canopy portion 4, the canopy portion 4 does not slide on the ceiling 70, so that the disaster prevention shelter 1 is prevented from moving in the room during an earthquake. it can. Moreover, since the canopy part 4 is provided with a woodgrain pattern and the pillar 7 is covered with a cover 5 with a woodgrain pattern, the installation of the disaster prevention shelter 1 may impair the indoor landscape. Can be prevented.

The bars 9 and 12 may be covered with a cushion material. This prevents the resident from tripping over the bars 9 and 12. Furthermore, you may give the pattern similar to the floor | bed 71 to the surface of a cushion material. Thereby, the scenery when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is installed indoors can be further improved.
Further, the housing 3 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape having four pillars. As long as the number of pillars is three or more, any shape of the casing may be used.
Further, the pillar 7 can be attached with options such as a heater, a fan, lighting, a speaker, and the like according to the season and the taste of the resident by using a clamp.
Moreover, although the sofa 2 was fixed to the disaster prevention shelter 1, it is not limited to a sofa. Various furniture such as a table, a bed, and a kotatsu can be fixed to the disaster prevention shelter 1.
Alternatively, the lower end portion 7a1 of the pipe 7a may be closed, or a seal member or the like may be provided on the lower end portion 7a1 to completely seal the air below the rubber bush 50 in the pipe 7a. Thereby, when the load is applied to the canopy 4 and the rubber bush 50 moves downward in the pipe 7a, the resistance that the rubber bush 50 receives due to the compression of air increases, so that the disaster prevention shelter 1 is further prevented from being crushed. Can do.
Furthermore, the indirect illumination 63 is not limited to a form in which power is supplied by the rechargeable battery 64. A plug may be connected to the indirect lighting 63 and this plug may be inserted into an indoor outlet. In this case, in normal life, the indirect illumination 63 can be used with household power supplied to the home and the battery 64 can be charged, and the indirect illumination 63 can be used with the power of the battery 64 only during a power failure.

It is a perspective view of the disaster prevention shelter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the housing of the disaster prevention shelter concerning this embodiment. It is a general view of the upper adjuster provided in the housing of the disaster prevention shelter according to this embodiment. It is a general view of the connector provided in the housing of the disaster prevention shelter according to this embodiment. It is a general view of the adjuster provided in the housing of the disaster prevention shelter according to this embodiment. It is the front view and sectional drawing of the pillar provided in the housing of the disaster prevention shelter which concerns on this embodiment. It is the top view, side view, and bottom view of the canopy part of the disaster prevention shelter according to this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to install the disaster prevention shelter which concerns on this embodiment in the room | chamber interior of a house.

Explanation of symbols

  1 disaster prevention shelter, 3 frame, 4 canopy, 5 cover, 7 pillar, 60 non-slip member, 63 indirect lighting (illumination).

Claims (5)

A disaster prevention shelter that can be installed inside a house
A canopy that contacts the ceiling of the room;
With a plurality of pillars, and a housing whose height can be adjusted so as to place the canopy part and bring the canopy part into contact with the ceiling,
A disaster shelter with an opening between the pillars.   The disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the casing is adjustable in the horizontal direction.   The disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the canopy is provided with illumination.   The disaster prevention shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an anti-slip member is provided on an upper surface of the canopy portion. The surface of the canopy is marked with a woodgrain pattern,
The disaster prevention shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pillar is covered with a cover having a woodgrain pattern.

Images