JP2007146526A - Sheet for fittings, and fittings using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fittings enhancing earthquake resistance of an opening of a building without impairing the original purposes of the fittings such as daylighting and ventilation in the opening of the building, and securing an evacuation opening by preventing the opening from being broken and closed up in case of an earthquake. <P>SOLUTION: This sheet for fittings is a sheet-like material to be stuck to the skeleton of the fittings installed at the opening of the building, and the sheet-like material contains high-strength high-elasticity fiber with the tensile strength of 500-10,000 MPa and the modulus of tensile elasticity in a range of 20-1,500 GPa. The fittings installed at the opening of the building is constituted by sticking the sheet for the fittings containing high-elasticity fiber with specific strength, to the skeleton of the fittings. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a joinery installed in an opening of a building and a joinery sheet to be attached to a framework of the joinery.

Conventionally, in a building such as a house, in order to increase the earthquake resistance of the building, it is known to newly install or add a bearing wall on the outer wall or inside of the building or on an existing opening such as a window or a fence. .

  However, when a load bearing wall is installed in an existing opening, there is a problem that the comfort and convenience of residents and users deteriorate, such as insufficient lighting and restrictions on movement inside the building. was there.

  Therefore, in order to solve such problems, a frame with braces in the opening of an existing building is sandwiched between both sides of a fixture such as a window or a door as a seismic reinforcement wall for an existing building that can be well lit. Installation is proposed (see Patent Document 1). However, if braces are installed on both sides of the joinery, the design will be poor, such as how it looks.

  In addition, a method has been proposed in which a joiner is tightly coupled to a frame of an opening of a building to improve earthquake resistance (see Non-Patent Document 1). However, since this method fixes the joinery to the frame, it cannot be used as an opening, and convenience is impaired.

On the other hand, a reinforcing layer made of a thermoplastic resin plate blended with fibers aligned and aligned in one direction within a range of 40% to 80% by weight content on one or both sides of the paper is melt-integrated. A technique has been proposed in which high-strength composite paper that has been laminated is used for a plate-like product such as an architectural partition (see Patent Document 2). However, the high-strength composite paper is made by laminating a thermoplastic resin plate mixed with fibers on the paper, so that it has rigidity, but has little translucency and moisture permeability. There is a problem that it cannot be used.
JP 2000-328791 A (Claim 1, FIG. 1) JP-A-8-34095 (Claim 1, FIG. 1) "Building Technology" (Building Technology Co., Ltd.) August 1999 No. 594

  The present invention has been made in view of the background of such prior art, the purpose of the present invention is in the opening of an existing building, without impairing the original purpose and function of the fixture such as partitioning, lighting, opening and closing, It is an object of the present invention to provide a joinery sheet capable of improving the earthquake resistance of a building and a joinery using the sheet.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. That is,
(1) A sheet-like material to be attached to a framework of a fitting installed in an opening of a building, and the tensile strength is 500 to 10,000 MPa and the tensile elastic modulus is 20 to 1 on the sheet-like material. , 500 GPa high strength and high elasticity fiber in the range is included.

  (2) The joinery sheet according to (1), wherein the sheet-like material is at least one selected from paper, nonwoven fabric, and woven or knitted fabric.

  (3) The fitting sheet according to (1) or (2), wherein the content of the high-strength and high-elasticity fiber relative to the sheet-like material is in the range of 10 to 100% by weight.

  (4) A joinery installed in an opening of a building, wherein the strength of the joinery frame is high strength within a range of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa. A joinery made by attaching a sheet-like material containing highly elastic fibers.

  (5) The joinery according to (4), wherein the sheet-like material is configured of at least one selected from paper, nonwoven fabric, and woven fabric.

  (6) The fitting as described in (4) or (5) above, wherein the content of the high-strength and high-elasticity fiber with respect to the sheet-like material is in the range of 10 to 100% by weight.

  (7) The fitting according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein the fitting is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing to the opening of the building.

  (8) The joinery according to any one of (4) to (7), wherein a part of the framework of the joinery is made of fiber-reinforced plastic.

  (9) The joinery according to any one of (4) to (8), wherein the joinery is a sliding door.

  According to the joinery sheet of the present invention, there is provided a sheet-like material including a high strength and high elasticity fiber having a tensile strength of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa on the framework of the joinery. Because it is a pasted joinery, it becomes possible to increase the rigidity and in-plane strength of the joinery itself, improve the resistance to horizontal loads during strong winds such as earthquakes and typhoons, prevent the collapse of the building, and It is possible to prevent the opening as an evacuation port from being blocked. In other words, without sacrificing the original purpose of the joinery, improve the earthquake resistance of the opening of the building, prevent the opening where the joinery was installed from being damaged and closed during a disaster such as an earthquake, and secure an evacuation exit Is possible.

  As a result of diligently examining the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a joinery that requires the attachment of a sheet-like object such as a shoji or a shoji installed in an opening of a building, and contains a high-strength, high-elastic fiber having the specific strength. It has been clarified that such a problem can be solved by using a sheet.

  Hereinafter, the sheet for joinery of the present invention and the joinery using this sheet will be described.

1. Sheet for joinery In the present invention, “joint” refers to a sliding door such as a window, a door, a shoji, and a fence provided in an opening of a building. “Sheet” in the present invention refers to the above-mentioned joinery. A flat sheet made of a single piece of woven or knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, paper, film, or the like, or a laminate in which two or more of these single pieces are stacked.

  As for the joinery, even if it is used for either Japanese or Western type of building, rigidity after assembly is required, and in the case of Japanese construction that requires shoji, cocoons, etc., the sheet-like material itself has some degree of breathability and moisture permeability, Furthermore, the appearance design is required. As a material having all these characteristics, composite paper in which at least one selected from paper, nonwoven fabric, and woven / knitted fabric is laminated is preferable. And in order to make a sheet for joinery that further has earthquake resistance in addition to normal rigidity, each of the sheets has a tensile strength of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa. Among them, it is necessary that high-strength and high-elasticity fibers having strength characteristics within a range of preferably a tensile strength of 1,000 to 9,000 MPa and a tensile modulus of 50 to 1,300 GPa are included. If the tensile strength is less than 500 MPa, it cannot withstand a horizontal load acting on the building during an earthquake or a strong wind such as a typhoon. On the other hand, when it exceeds 10,000 MPa, the strength of the joinery becomes higher than necessary, and the balance of the proof stress of the walls in the building is lost, and the possibility of causing the collapse of other walls is increased. If the tensile modulus is less than 20 GPa, the amount of deformation when a horizontal load is applied to the building during an earthquake or a strong wind such as a typhoon increases and the shape cannot be maintained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1,500 GPa, the rigidity of the joinery becomes unnecessarily high, the balance of the strength of the walls in the building is broken, and there is a high possibility that the other walls will collapse.

 Examples of such high-strength and high-elasticity fibers include synthetic fibers and inorganic fibers. For example, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and the like, glass Inorganic fibers such as fiber, carbon fiber and metal fiber. In particular, para-aramid fibers, ultra-high strength polyethylene fibers, polyketone fibers, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, wholly aromatic polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, boron fibers, and ceramic fibers are tensile. It is preferable because the strength and tensile modulus are in the preferred ranges. The proportion of high-strength and high-elasticity fibers contained in the entire sheet-like material varies depending on the strength, rigidity, cost, etc. required for the joinery, but is preferably 10 to 100% by weight, more preferably 25 to 90% by weight. Things are good. By containing 10% by weight or more of high-strength and high-elasticity fibers in the sheet-like material, it becomes possible to reduce the strength variation in the width direction and the length direction of the sheet-like material. The strength characteristics of high-strength and high-elasticity fibers can be utilized, and it becomes possible to obtain a sheet material for joinery having high strength and rigidity, so that a joinery sheet having extremely high earthquake resistance can be obtained.

  Here, as a method of including the high strength and high elasticity fiber in the range of 10 to 100% by weight in the sheet material, for example, when the sheet material is paper, a predetermined amount of the high strength and high elasticity fiber is mixed with pulp or the like. If the sheet-like material is a non-woven fabric, it is mixed with a general-purpose fiber such as cotton, nylon fiber or polyester fiber to make a mixed-cotton non-woven fabric. Woven fabric using high-strength and high-elasticity fiber for one of the warp or weft and general-purpose fiber such as polyester fiber for the other, or mixed use of high-strength and high-elasticity fiber and other fibers alternately for each warp and weft Examples thereof include a method of making a woven or knitted fabric using a woven fabric, and a mixed spun yarn obtained by mixing and spinning a high-strength and high-elasticity fiber with another fiber. In addition, when the sheet-like material is paper, in order to maintain the form as a sheet and to increase the tensile strength of the sheet itself, a binder or the like is added to the paper obtained by the papermaking process, or by a calendar device You may perform the process under a heating and pressurization.

The basis weight of the sheet-like material is preferably 50 to 1,000 g / m ² . In particular, when the sheet-like material is paper or non-woven fabric, by setting the basis weight to 50 g / m ² or more, the high-strength and high-elasticity fibers are uniformly dispersed to reduce the strength variation of the sheet-like material, It becomes possible to maintain the form, and it is possible to increase the rigidity of the joinery when pasted to the framework of the joinery. Therefore, in order to increase the rigidity of the joinery, it is preferable to increase the basis weight of the sheet-like material, but for a joinery that requires appropriate air permeability and translucency such as a shoji, it is about 50 to 200 g / m ² . A basis weight is preferred.

As the air flow rate of the sheet-like material, the value obtained by JIS L 1096 8.27.1 A method (Fragile type method) is preferably in the range of 1 to ³⁰ cm ³ / cm ² / s. When the air permeability of the sheet-like material is less than 1 cm ³ / cm ² / s, there is almost no air permeability, and the moisture permeability that is one of the functions of the shoji is impaired. On the other hand, if the air flow rate exceeds 30 cm ³ / cm ² / s, the air flow rate is too large to serve as a partition. In addition, it is not this limitation about the joinery which does not require breathability, such as a bag, and in order to raise the rigidity of joinery, the fabric weight of a sheet-like thing is so preferable that it is high.

  Furthermore, for the purpose of increasing the rigidity of the sheet material, the sheet material of the present invention is impregnated with about 5 to 70% by weight of a resin with respect to the sheet material. (Abbreviated as FRP). The resin impregnated into the sheet may be any of thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin, etc., such as phenol resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyimide resin, polyaminoamide resin, polyethersulfone resin, Ether ether ketone resin, polyamideimide resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin and the like are used.

2. Joiner The “joint” of the present invention is a joiner such as a sliding door such as a shoji screen or a fence, or a door rotated by a hinge, etc., which is installed in an opening of a building. The above-mentioned sheet for joinery, which is a sheet-like material including high-strength and high-elasticity fibers having a tensile strength of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa, is pasted. is there.

  Here, as a framework of the joinery, it is possible to use any one such as a general wooden shoji frame or a fence frame regardless of existing or new construction. Preferably, the use of FRP made of high-strength, high-elastic fiber for at least a part of the frame can reduce the weight of the joinery compared to commonly used joinery, reduce the weight of the building, Horizontal loads such as seismic force can be significantly reduced. The FRP made of this high-strength, high-elastic fiber may be any material as long as the high-strength, high-elastic fiber is used as a reinforcing material and is integrated with the resin. It can be obtained by a production method such as a filament winding method. Moreover, as resin used for FRP, any things, such as a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin, may be sufficient. Preferably, a thermosetting resin is preferable because the resin does not melt in the event of a fire.

3. Fixation mechanism of joinery The joinery using the above-described joinery sheet according to the present invention can be further improved in earthquake resistance when a joinery fixing mechanism described below is additionally provided.

  This fixing mechanism fixes the joinery by connecting the joinery and an opening into which the joinery is fitted.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show the joinery having this fixing mechanism, in which FIG. 1 is a front view of a shoji, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow in the AA ′ cross section of the shoji, and FIG. It is a front view of a kite.
In these drawings, reference numeral 1 represents the above-described sheet-like object (the joinery sheet of the present invention), 2 represents a framework of the joinery, and 3 represents a fixing mechanism. 4 to 8 are application examples of the fixing mechanism 3 to the joinery. Of these, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is a recess 4a provided near the guide groove of the lower joinery frame 4. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 shows a type in which the fixing rod 3a of the fixing mechanism 3 is pushed up into the recess 4a provided in the vicinity of the guide groove of the upper joinery frame 4 in the embodiment in which the fixing rod 3a of the fixing mechanism 3 is dropped. ing. Further, the embodiment of FIG. 8 is a type that is fixed by applying pressure to the joinery frame 4 with a spring 3a of a fixing mechanism 3 fixed to the side surface of the framework 2 of the joinery. It is also possible to use monkeys already attached to the joinery (monkeys: a drop pier mechanism that uses Japanese-style joinery for locking and fixing). Usually, it is preferable that the joinery can be slid without being fixed by these mechanisms and can be operated manually or automatically during an earthquake. Any number of mechanisms for fixing the joinery can be attached to one joinery, regardless of the location above, next to, or below the opening, and is appropriately selected according to the size and the degree of fastening of the joinery. The joinery of the present invention is preferably a sliding door that moves to the left and right, and even when a horizontal load is applied during an earthquake, the seismic resistance of the opening can be improved and the open state can be maintained, thus ensuring an escape door. .

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

[Measuring method]
(1) Basis weight Based on JIS P 8124, the produced sheet-like material was sampled to a 25 cm square and the weight thereof was measured to obtain the basis weight.

(2) Airflow rate Measured according to JIS L 1096 8.27.1 A method, and the airflow rate was determined for the sheet-like material.

(3) Wall magnification “Wall magnification” is an index indicating the degree of seismic resistance of the joinery of the present invention, and the wall magnification of 1.96 kN is the standard proof stress per 1 m of wall length. It is defined as 0, and is obtained by the following calculation formula.
Wall magnification = Pa × (1 / 1.96) × (1 / L)
here,
Pa: Short-term allowable shear strength (kN)
L: Wall length of test specimen (m)
In addition, the Pa mentioned above is “Wooden bearing wall and its magnification test service method” for those that fall under the performance evaluation related to the certification based on the provisions of Article 46, Paragraph 4, Table 1 (8) of the Building Standard Law Enforcement Ordinance. ”(Japan Architecture Center Foundation, June 1, 2000, enacted BR Sumi-504-01), the width of the shaft is 1820mm and the height is 2730mm. The width of the shaft is 920mm and the height is 2700mm. It was obtained by a test using a tie rod type in-plane shear test apparatus.

Example 1
Paraffin aramid fiber “Kevlar” (registered trademark) 29 (manufactured by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd.) having a fiber length of 6 mm and a single yarn fineness of 1.67 dtex is used as the high-strength and high-elasticity fiber. Paper which is a sheet for joinery of the present invention having a weight per unit area of 50 g / m ² was prepared by a wet papermaking method at a ratio of% by weight. “Kevlar” (registered trademark) 29 is a fiber having a tensile strength of 2920 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 70.5 GPa. Next, using this paper, it was attached to a wooden frame of Arama plain shoji with a width of 920 mm and a length of 2700 mm using shoji glue S-150-E (manufactured by Mitsue Co., Ltd.) to obtain a shoji which is the joinery of the present invention. .

  And with respect to this shoji, the basis weight, the air flow rate, and the wall magnification of the shoji were measured by the following measuring method. As a result, the basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification shown in Table 1 were obtained.

Example 2
Next, joinery paper and shoji were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cut fiber of “Kevlar” (registered trademark) 29 was 50 wt% and sulfite pulp was 50 wt%.

  In addition, the basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification were determined by the same measurement method as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the obtained basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification. In this example, the wall magnification was measured in the same manner for the shoji provided with the fixing mechanism 3 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 at the four corners of the shoji (fixing 1).

Example 3
Example 1 except that 30% by weight of carbon fiber “Torayca” (registered trademark) T300 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a fiber length of 6 mm was used as the high-strength and highly elastic fiber, and the ratio was 70% by weight of sulfite pulp. In the same manner, joinery paper and shoji were prepared, and the basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
It was. “Torayca” (registered trademark) T300 is a fiber having a tensile strength of 3530 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 230 GPa. Table 1 shows the obtained basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification.

Example 4
As a high-strength, high-elasticity fiber, 40% by weight of “Zylon” (registered trademark) AS (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a fiber length of 6 mm and a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, “Kevlar” (registered trademark) pulp 30 Joining paper and shoji were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight% was used and the ratio was 30% by weight of sulfite pulp, and the basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. “Zylon” (registered trademark) AS is a fiber having a tensile strength of 5800 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 180 GPa. Table 1 shows the obtained basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification.

Example 5
Laminate three sheets of paper produced in Example 2 as underlays on both sides of the base bone of a cocoon having a width of 900 mm and a length of 1800 mm using a starch paste for paper shochu bran S-300-I (manufactured by Mitsue Co., Ltd.). The upper cover was not glued and it was glazed.

  Then, the basis weight, the air flow rate, and the wall magnification were obtained for this bag in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the obtained basis weight, air flow rate, and wall magnification. The wall magnification was also measured when the fixing mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 8 was provided above and below the ridge (fixing 2).

Comparative Example 1
A commercially available rayon shoji paper ESLON (registered trademark) (manufactured by Marusan Paper Co., Ltd.) was used to produce a shoji paper in the same manner as in Example 1, and the wall magnification was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The rayon fiber of the above shoji paper is a fiber having a tensile strength of 330 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 12 GPa.

Comparative Example 2
As the underlay of Example 5, the same paper as in Comparative Example 1 was attached in the same manner as in Example 5 to make a ridge. And the wall magnification was measured like Example 1 with respect to this wrinkle.

    The following Table 1 and Table 2 collectively show the results of the above examples and comparative examples.

  As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the wall-like magnification is remarkably improved in any of the Examples as compared to the Comparative Example by including the high strength and high elastic fiber in the sheet for joinery. When the fitting of the invention is used for an opening of a building such as a house, it is possible to prevent the opening from being broken and blocked even when the building is tilted at the time of a disaster such as an earthquake. Performance is greatly improved. Therefore, it is possible to secure an evacuation exit.

  The joinery sheet of the present invention and the joinery to which this sheet is attached are not limited to shoji and folds, but can be applied to doors, screen doors, windows, and the like.

It is a schematic front view of the shoji with which the sheet | seat for joinery of this invention was affixed. It is sectional drawing of the arrow direction in the A-A 'cross section of the shoji of FIG. It is a schematic front view of the eaves which are the joinery of this invention. FIG. 4A is a schematic front view of a joinery fixing mechanism provided in addition to the joinery according to the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view in the arrow direction in the B-B ′ section of the joinery of FIG. 4A. FIG. 5A is a schematic front view of a fixing mechanism provided together with a joinery according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view in the arrow direction in the C-C ′ section of the joinery of FIG. 6A is a schematic front view of a fixing mechanism provided to a joinery according to an embodiment of the present invention different from FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow in the D-D ′ cross section of the joinery of FIG. 6A. FIG. 7A is a schematic front view of a fixing mechanism provided together with a joinery according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view in the arrow direction in the E-E ′ section of the joinery of FIG. 8A is a schematic front view of a fixing mechanism provided in a joinery according to an embodiment of the present invention different from FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view in the arrow direction in the F-F ′ cross section of the joinery of FIG. 8A.

Explanation of symbols

1: Sheet-like material (sheet for joinery)
2: Frame of joinery 3: Fixation mechanism of joinery 4: Joinery frame 5: Opening

Claims (9)

A sheet-like object to be attached to a framework of a fitting installed in an opening of a building, wherein the sheet-like object has a tensile strength of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa. A sheet for joinery comprising high-strength and high-elasticity fibers within the range. The sheet for joinery according to claim 1, wherein the sheet-like material is at least one selected from paper, nonwoven fabric, and woven or knitted fabric. The joinery sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the high-strength and high-elasticity fiber with respect to the sheet-like material is in the range of 10 to 100% by weight. A high-strength, high-elasticity fiber having a tensile strength of 500 to 10,000 MPa and a tensile elastic modulus of 20 to 1,500 GPa in a joinery installed in an opening of a building. A joinery comprising a sheet-like material including The joinery according to claim 4, wherein the sheet-like material is composed of at least one selected from paper, non-woven fabric, and woven or knitted fabric. The joinery according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the content of the high-strength and high-elasticity fiber with respect to the sheet-like material is in the range of 10 to 100% by weight. The joinery according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the joinery is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing to an opening of a building. The joinery according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a part of the framework of the joinery is made of fiber reinforced plastic. The joinery according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the joinery is a sliding door.

Images