JP2007146401A - Floor surface forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floor surface forming technology which can form a concrete floor surface excellent in flatness and appearance in a relatively short time without depending on a skilled operator, and contributes to the alleviation of a physical burden on the operator. <P>SOLUTION: A floor surface forming device is formed of: a face leveling apparatus composed of a small-load type surface leveling device 1 for applying a load of about 11 kg/m<SP>2</SP>per unit area to a concrete surface by the bottom surface of a leveling board 2, a large-load type surface leveling device for applying a load of about 75 kg/m<SP>2</SP>and a plurality of rotary trowels rotating like propellers by a driving force of a prime mover in contact with the concrete surface and a flat plate-shaped finishing trowel arranged in part of a peripheral area of the rotating surface of the rotary trowels while being connected to the face leveling apparatus via a link mechanism. This floor surface forming method includes a step of finishing the concrete surface to a final finishing surface by using these components of the apparatus in this order. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a horizontal portion such as a floor surface using concrete or mortar in a construction site such as a concrete floor.

  When constructing the floor of a building using concrete or mortar, etc., conventionally, the “floor leveling” operation is performed to smooth the raw concrete surface placed on the floor of the construction site. After being left for a few hours, the floor surface of the concrete floor is flattened by using a floor finishing device called “trowell”. Finally, a skilled technician manually finishes it with a finishing rod. Final finishing is performed.

  Here, the “flooring” operation is performed in the following procedure. First, after roughening the surface of the ready-mixed concrete placed on the floor with a poker about 1.2m long, using a laser level device, horizontal reference points are provided at intervals of about 2m. After this, hitting is performed using scissors, and according to the hitting, the concrete surface is leveled horizontally using an aluminum fixed wood having a length of about 2.5 m. Then, if the pebbles exposed on the concrete surface are sunk by pressing down the concrete surface using a long plate with a handle or the like, the “floor leveling” operation is completed.

  When the preparation of the ready-mixed concrete and the “floor leveling” work are finished, the concrete is hardened to some extent, the floor finishing device “Trowell” is carried onto the floor to be finished, and the motor is operated. While rotating the rotary rod, pressurization is performed by moving the entire floor finishing device back and forth and right and left along the concrete surface to finish the concrete surface to a flat surface ("finishing process"). Finally, a general work procedure is that a skilled technician performs a final finishing by a manual operation using a finishing rod (a square rod) (“final finishing step”).

  As described above, the conventional floor surface construction work is divided into “floor leveling process”, “finishing process” and “final finishing process”. The final finishing accuracy of the floor surface is determined depending on whether it is close to ± 0. As described above, such a “floor leveling process” is performed manually by a skilled technician (a plasterer) using a dedicated instrument such as a poker or an aluminum table. In order to improve the situation, there has been proposed a concrete surface finishing apparatus including a finishing plate, a vibration mechanism that applies vibration to the finishing plate, and an operation shaft for operating the finishing plate (for example, Patent Documents). 1-3.)

  On the other hand, the floor surface finishing apparatus used in the “finishing process” is typically provided with a rotary rod that rotates in a propeller shape around a vertical axis and a prime mover that rotates the vertical axis (for example, (See Patent Document 4). By using this floor finishing device, it is possible to improve the efficiency of pressurizing and leveling the concrete floor surface, but it is possible to rotate the concrete floor surface after applying the pressing operation with the floor surface finishing device. Since the rotation traces of the ridges remain in the form of stripes, it is impossible to complete the final floor finishing process with this device alone. Accordingly, as described above, the final finishing step is actually performed by a skilled technician by hand using a finishing rod (a square rod). For this reason, it takes not only a great deal of labor and time from the preparation of the ready-mixed concrete to the final finishing process, but also places a heavy physical burden on the operator.

  Therefore, a floor finishing apparatus has been proposed that aims to simplify the final finishing process by manual work of skilled technicians and reduce the physical burden on the worker (see, for example, Patent Document 5). . This floor finishing apparatus includes a rotating rod that is rotated in a propeller shape by a prime mover, and a pressing rod for erasing the rotation marks of the rotating rod remaining on the concrete surface leveled by the rotating rod.

JP-A 64-29445 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-38201 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-109836 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-148762 JP 2004-225523 A

  In the case of the surface finishing apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the finishing work must be performed while moving the finishing plate having a relatively small area and weak vibration along the concrete surface. There is a point, and skill is necessary. Further, since the vibration mechanism is attached to the operation shaft, the weight and vibration are transmitted to the operator's hand through the operation shaft, and the physical burden is large. Furthermore, vibration is concentrated and applied to the finished plate with a small contact area with the concrete surface, so that the leveling action is insufficient, the unevenness of the concrete surface cannot be eliminated, and the leveling work proceeds in the same direction. Since it is limited to the direction (direction in which the operator pulls while retreating), workability is poor.

  Moreover, since the surface finishing apparatus of patent document 3 can give an ultrasonic vibration to the concrete surface, if the finishing operation of the concrete surface is performed using this, water will float on the concrete surface layer and the surface will become soft. The effects such as are obtained. However, it is impossible to level a concrete surface with many irregularities formed by placing relatively hard concrete, such as a floor surface of a reinforced concrete building.

  On the other hand, in the case of the floor finishing machine described in Patent Document 5, when the worker holds the brake lever-like lever of the bicycle provided on the handle, the metal plate of the heel body comes into contact with the concrete surface to perform the finishing work. It has a simple structure. For this reason, during finishing work by the heel body, the worker must keep holding the lever without taking a break, which is a heavy physical burden. In addition, when the force with which the operator grips the lever changes, the inclination angle of the rod main body and the pressing force against the concrete surface immediately change, and it is extremely difficult to obtain a uniform finished surface. Further, since the movement of the finishing rod is constrained by the wire connected to the lever, the followability with respect to the uneven state of the concrete floor surface before finishing is poor, and it is not possible to perform a finishing operation according to the condition of the concrete surface. In particular, the floor finishing machine described in Patent Document 5 is a method in which the operator controls the traveling direction by tilting the main body having a rotating rod by operating the handle. Since the pressing force of the finishing rod against the finished surface changes each time, the finished surface is uneven.

  As described above, even if the floor finishing machine described in Patent Document 5 is used, irregularities and striped traces remain on the concrete surface. It is virtually impossible to complete the finish. That is, the final finish must be done while removing the unevenness and striped traces remaining on the concrete floor surface by the manual work of skilled technicians. Therefore, even if this floor finisher is used, The reality is that the final finishing process cannot be eliminated.

  In addition, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 5, various devices used in the construction work of the concrete floor have been proposed, but since no consideration is given to the linkage relationship between these devices, The device is only used alone, and it has not been possible to reduce the construction time of the concrete floor or the physical burden on the operator. In addition, during the use of various devices or after the use, final finishing by manual work of skilled technicians is required.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to form a concrete floor surface that is superior in flatness and aesthetics in a relatively short time than the final finished surface by manual operation of the skilled worker without relying on the skilled worker. It is possible to provide a floor surface construction technique that can reduce the physical burden on the operator.

The floor surface construction method of the present invention is mounted on the leveling plate that can slide in a state where the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before hardening, and the leveling plate to vibrate and resonate. Vibration generating means and an operation handle attached to the leveling plate, and at least two types of surface leveling devices having different loads per unit area applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate are the load. Leveling step of leveling the concrete surface by using either one in order from the smaller one, or using one of them,
A leveling machine having a propeller-like power rotary rod that rotates while being in contact with the leveled concrete surface, and an outer peripheral region of the rotating surface of the rotary rod in a state connected to the leveling machine. Using a floor finishing device that is provided so that at least a part of the finishing rod is in contact with the concrete surface after the rotating rod has been contacted and passed. A finishing process to finish the concrete surface;
It is provided with.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to level the concrete surface with a floor finishing device after leveling the surface of the concrete before hardening by using at least one surface leveling device. That is, in the leveling process, the operator holding the leveling plate in a vibrating state (resonant state) by the vibration generating means in contact with the concrete surface before curing, If you hold it in hand and retreat as it is, the unevenness of the concrete surface will be leveled quickly by the vibration of the leveling plate, and the uneven surface will be eliminated, so the concrete surface can be finished in a uniform plane in a relatively short time .

  In the final finishing process that follows this, the rotary floor of the leveling machine that constitutes the floor finishing device is rotated by power, and the entire surface of the floor finishing apparatus is maintained while maintaining the state where the rotary bowl precedes the finishing bowl. When moving horizontally along the leveled concrete surface, the surface of the concrete that has been pressure-equalized with a rotary rod is finished to a flat surface by a finishing rod that slides on the concrete surface. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to form a concrete floor surface having superior flatness and aesthetics in a relatively short period of time compared with the final finish surface by manual operation of the skilled worker without relying on the skilled worker. Can also be reduced.

  In addition, at least two types of surface leveling devices having different loads per unit area (hereinafter referred to as “unit load”) applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate are used to harden the concrete surface after being placed. As the reaction progresses, it is desirable to use the unit load in ascending order, but depending on the concrete surface hardening condition, only one of the surface leveling devices should be used for leveling and finishing. Can also be done.

Here, the unit load in at least one of the surface leveling devices is preferably 5 to 30 kg / m ² , and the unit load in the other surface leveling device is preferably 50 to 100 kg / m ² . With such a configuration, after placing, for the concrete surface shortly after, using the surface leveling device with the unit load of 5-30 kg / m ² , the curing reaction started to become harder It is possible to use a surface leveling device with a unit load of 50 to 100 kg / m ^{2 on} the concrete surface, which is suitable for each concrete surface having a different hardening state (hardness). It becomes possible to perform leveling work and finishing work.

In this case, when the moisture layer is present on the concrete surface, the surface load leveling device with the unit load of 5 to 30 kg / m ² is used, and when the concrete surface is in a semi-dry state, the load is If the surface leveling device of 50 to 100 kg / m ² is used, it is possible to efficiently level the concrete surface immediately after placing, and the concrete surface that has started to harden due to the progress of the curing reaction. It will be possible to quickly eliminate unevenness.

  On the other hand, the floor surface finishing device holds the finishing rod formed of an elastically deformable plate material in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotation axis of the rotating rod, and the finishing rod is inclined. It is desirable to have a mechanism that holds at least a liftable position while maintaining a posture, and a weight that presses the finishing rod toward the finishing target surface. With such a configuration, the finishing rod is pressed in the vertical direction toward the concrete surface by the weight of the weight while being held in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotational axis of the rotating rod. In addition, since it can be moved up and down freely, the followability to the uneven state of the concrete surface before finishing is good, and more accurate and uniform dredging work can be applied to the concrete surface than a skilled worker performs by hand. Accordingly, there are no traces or wrinkle irregularities left during the manual operation, and it is possible to form a concrete floor surface that is more excellent in flatness and aesthetics than the manual operation, and no skilled technician is required.

Next, the surface leveling apparatus of the present invention includes a leveling plate having a rectangular shape in plan view that can slide in a state in which at least a part of the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before curing, and the leveling plate. A vibration generating means mounted at the center in the long side direction of the leveling plate to resonate by applying vibration, and a plurality of symmetrically arranged positions in the long side direction of the leveling plate across the vibration generating means And an operation handle attached to the leveling plate via a locking portion, wherein the load applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate is 50 to 100 kg / m ² . With such a configuration, it is possible to perform a suitable leveling operation on the concrete surface that is in a semi-dry state after time has passed after placing, and by this leveling operation, it started to become a little hard The unevenness of the concrete surface can be quickly eliminated.

  According to the present invention, in the construction work of a concrete floor surface, a concrete floor surface superior in flatness and aesthetics is formed in a relatively short time rather than relying on a skilled worker, and the final finished surface is manually finished by a skilled worker. It is possible to reduce the physical burden on the operator.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a small load type surface leveling apparatus used in the floor surface construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially omitted sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. Is a perspective view showing a heavy load type surface leveling device used in the floor surface construction method, FIG. 4 is a partially cut perspective view of the heavy load type surface leveling device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a part of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an operation handle portion of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the small load type surface leveling device 1 is slidable on the concrete surface before curing, and the leveling plate 2 having a rectangular shape in plan view is vibrated. Is provided at a symmetrical position in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 2 with the vibration generator 3 interposed therebetween. And a U-shaped operation handle 5 that is detachably attached to the leveling plate 2 through the plurality of locking portions 4.

The leveling plate 2 is a rectangle with four corners rounded into a smooth curved line, the length L1 in the long side direction L is about 3000 mm, the length S1 in the short side direction S is about 450 mm, and the thickness T1 is about 50 mm. The total weight of the leveling device 1 is about 15 kg. Therefore, when the leveling device 1 is placed on the concrete surface, the load per unit area (unit load) applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface 2b of the leveling plate 2 is about 11 kg / m ² . The size and unit load of the leveling plate 2 are not limited to those described above. Further, the leveling plate 2 is formed of a synthetic resin material reinforced with glass fiber, but is not limited to this. It can also be made of light metal, synthetic resin, waterproof wood, etc.

  The vibration generator 3 includes a prime mover 8 and an eccentric rotator 7 fixed to the tip of the rotary shaft 6 of the prime mover 8 in the cover 8a. The prime mover 8 is a gasoline engine, and the rotation shaft 6 thereof is arranged so as to be parallel to the long side direction L of the leveling plate 2. The eccentric rotating body 7 has a shape in which a part of the disk is removed, and is usually covered with a cover 8 a together with the tip of the rotating shaft 6 of the prime mover 8. In the following description, the terms expressed using “front” and “rear” such as “front”, “rear”, “front edge part”, “rear edge part”, etc. are described later in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, “front” and “rear” are based on a worker W who has taken a work posture standing toward the leveling plates 2 and 32 and the like.

  The vibration generator 3 is fixed to the leveling plate 2 via a vibration isolating plate 11 and a fixing plate 10 arranged at the center in the long side direction L on the upper surface of the leveling plate 2, and the front portion of the fixing plate 10 has a cross section. It is fixed to the long side portion in front of the leveling plate 2 via an L-shaped vibration transmission member 12. The entire vibration generator 3 including the prime mover 8 and the eccentric rotating body 7 is detachably fixed to the top surfaces of the vibration isolating plate 11 and the fixed plate 10 using bolts and nuts (not shown). The fixed plate 10 and the vibration transmitting member 12 are both made of a metal material having a higher rigidity than wood, and the vibration isolation plate 11 is made of an elastic material (rubber material or elastic synthetic resin material). Instead of the vibration generator 3, a vibration generator 33, which will be described later, can be arranged.

  In the vicinity of the boundary between the operation handle 5 and the locking portion 4, a vibration damping portion 5b is provided to prevent the vibration of the leveling plate 2 from being transmitted to the grip portion 5a of the operation handle 5, and one inclined portion 5c. Is provided with a throttle lever 13 for changing the rotational speed of the prime mover 8. In addition, inverted U-shaped hooks 14 are attached in the vicinity of the left and right short sides of the upper surface of the leveling plate 2. Further, a cylindrical column 9 is erected on the upper surface of the leveling plate 2 at the rear side of the vibration generator 3, and the upper end of the column 9 and the vicinity of the left and right ends of the upper surface of the leveling plate 2 (near the hook 14). A reinforcing rod 9b whose length can be adjusted by a turnbuckle 9a is stretched between the fixed locking member 17 having an L-shaped cross section.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface 2b of the leveling plate 2 is planar, the upper part of the front edge of the leveling plate 2 is a drooping plane, and the boundary part (corner) between the lower part and the bottom surface 2b. The reinforcing member 2a having an L-shaped cross section is attached to the portion) so as to form a continuous plane with the bottom surface 2b. The reinforcing member 2a is shorter than the length L1 in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 2 and longer than the vibration transmitting member 12, and is formed of a wear-resistant metal material. Further, a convex curved surface portion 2c that is continuous with the bottom surface 2b with a gentle curvature is provided at a lower portion of the rear edge of the leveling plate 2.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the heavy load type surface leveling device 30 includes a metal leveling plate 32 having a rectangular shape in plan view, which can slide on the concrete surface before curing, and a leveling surface. A vibration generator 33 mounted at the center of L in the long side direction of the leveling plate 32 to resonate by applying vibration to the plate 32, and the long side direction L of the leveling plate 32 across the vibration generator 33. And a U-shaped operation handle 35 detachably attached to the leveling plate 32 via a plurality of locking portions 34 provided at symmetrical positions. The leveling plate 32 is a rectangle with four corners rounded into a smooth curved line. The length L2 in the long side direction L is about 2000 mm, the length S2 in the short side direction S is about 200 mm, and the thickness T2 is about 50 mm. The total weight of the leveling device 1 is about 30 kg. Therefore, when the leveling device 30 is placed on the concrete surface, the load (unit load) applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface 32b of the leveling plate 32 is about 75 kg / m ² . The size and unit load are not limited to those described above.

  The vibration generator 33 is fixed to a prime mover 38, an eccentric rotator (not shown) disposed in the cover 38a, a pulley 36a fixed to the rotary shaft 36 of the prime mover 38, and a support shaft 37 of the eccentric rotator. And a V-belt 31 stretched between the pulleys 37a. The prime mover 8 is a gasoline engine, and the rotation shaft 36 is arranged so as to be parallel to the long side direction L of the leveling plate 32. An eccentric rotating body (not shown) disposed in the cover 38 a has a shape obtained by removing a part of the cylindrical member, and is rotatably supported via a support shaft 37.

  The vibration generator 33 is fixed to the leveling plate 32 via a fixing plate 39 disposed at the center in the long side direction L on the upper surface of the leveling plate 32, and the front and rear portions of the fixing plate 39 have an L-shaped cross section. The front and rear long sides of the leveling plate 32 are fixed via the transmission members 40a and 40b. The entire vibration generator 33 is also fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 39 using bolts and nuts (not shown). Both the fixed plate 39 and the vibration transmitting members 40a and 40b are made of a highly rigid metal material. Similarly, a reinforcing member 41 having an L-shaped cross section is attached to the front surface of the vibration transmitting member 40a in front of the leveling plate 32, and one of the outer surfaces of the reinforcing member 41 and the bottom surface of the leveling plate 32 are attached. 32b is arranged so as to form a substantially continuous surface.

  In the vicinity of the boundary between the operation handle 35 and the locking portion 34, a vibration damping portion 35b for preventing the vibration of the leveling plate 32 from being transmitted to the gripping portion 35a of the operation handle 35 is provided, and one inclined portion 35c. Is provided with a throttle lever 42 for changing the rotation speed of the prime mover 38. Further, in order to prevent the vibration of the leveling plate 32 from being transmitted to the operation handle 35, a damping member 34 b is also disposed between the surface of the leveling plate 32 and the locking portion 34.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the surface finishing device 50 includes a plurality of rotary rods 54 that rotate in a propeller shape with the driving force of the prime mover 53 while contacting the concrete surface 52 that is the floor surface to be finished. A planar leveling machine 55, and a flat finishing bar 58 arranged in a part of the outer peripheral area of the rotating surface of the rotary bar 54 in a state where the leveling machine 55 is connected to the plane leveling machine 55 via a connecting mechanism 56. It is equipped with. An operation handle 59 for operating the surface finishing device 50 by an operator W, which will be described later, is provided at a position opposite to the finishing bar 58 of the leveling machine 55. Further, the operation handle 59 is provided with a throttle lever 80 for increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the prime mover 53, a lever 18 for adjusting the ground contact angle of the rotary rod 54, and the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a reverse L-shaped column 51 is erected on the front portion of the prime mover 53 of the plane leveling machine 55, and hooks 60 are provided at two upper and lower portions of the vertical portion of the column 51. It has been. Further, the vertical portion of the column 51 is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the rotation axis C of the rotary rod 54. Each hook 60 includes a shelf-like support plate 60a and a support shaft 60b erected on the support plate 60a, and the support shaft 60b positioned below is formed longer than the upper support shaft 60b. The hooks 60b and the locking pipes 60d of the locking tool 56b fixed to the upper and lower portions of the vertical supporting shaft 56a of the coupling mechanism 56 are respectively hooked on the supporting shafts 60b of the hooks 60, thereby completing the finishing rod 58. Is connected to a flat-surface leveling machine 55 through a connecting mechanism 56.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the locking hole 60c of the locking tool 56b and the inner diameter of the locking pipe 60d are both formed larger than the outer diameter of the support shaft 60b of the hook 60. A gap (play) is formed between the inner periphery of the locking hole 60c of the locking tool 56b and the inner periphery of the locking tube 60d.

  The coupling mechanism 56 includes the above-described vertical support shaft 56a, an upper support member 56d extending obliquely upward from the upper end portion of the vertical support shaft 56a, and a lower portion extending obliquely downward from the lower end portion of the vertical support shaft 56a. A support member 56e, a connecting member 56f disposed between the upper support member 56d and the lower support member 56e, and a pivotally supported pivotally on the tip of the lower support member 56e via a horizontal locking pin 56g. The lift arm 56h, the horizontal bearing shaft 56i inserted through the tubular bearing 56j at the tip of the lift arm 56h in the direction perpendicular to the lift arm 56h, and the left and right tubular bearings 56r with respect to the horizontal support shaft 56i. And a reinforcing member 56k that is movably attached. Both ends of the horizontal support shaft 56i are respectively inserted into tubular bearings 56n at the distal ends of two left and right holding members 56m extending obliquely from the base end portion of the lifting arm 56h, and project from the respective tubular bearings 56n. A clip (not shown) for preventing the horizontal support shaft 56i from being detached is detachably attached to the end portion of the horizontal support shaft 56i.

  A pulley 66b for attaching a substantially U-turn portion of a wire 57 to be described later is attached via a connecting member 61 to the central portion of the reinforcing member 56k located near the tip of the lifting arm 56h. As shown in FIG. 7, when the revolving lever 62 arranged on the operation handle 59 is rotated forward and backward about the support shaft 62a, the wire 57 is wound up or fed out to lock the lifting arm 56h. By raising and lowering the pin 56g as a center, the entire finishing rod 58 can be raised and lowered.

  On the front surface of the reinforcing member 56k, a finishing rod 58 having a rectangular shape, which is formed of an elastically deformable plate material, is attached in a detachable manner through an L-shaped fixing member 67 and a plurality of bolts 68. It has been. The size and material of the finishing rod 58 can be determined according to the working conditions at the construction site, and are not particularly limited. For example, the thickness is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm, and the length in the short side direction It can be formed of an elastically deformable steel plate having a length S8 of 50 mm to 250 mm and a length L8 in the long side direction of about 700 mm to 3000 mm. In addition, since the material of the finishing rod 58 is not limited, for example, it can be formed of stainless steel, Swedish steel, synthetic resin material, or the like.

  Further, the reinforcing member 56k can rotate around the horizontal support shaft 56i together with the finishing rod 58, and springs 63 for biasing the reinforcing member 56k are provided on the outer periphery of the horizontal support shaft 56i on the left and right sides of the tip of the lifting arm 56h. Is mounted on the same axis. 11A and 11B, stoppers 56p project horizontally from the left and right side surfaces of the tip of the lifting arm 56h, and the left and right springs 63 provide the stoppers 56p as “reaction force receivers”, respectively. It is biased counterclockwise (the direction in which the finishing rod 58 rises) around the horizontal support shaft 56i. A rotating member 64 extending to the rear of the lifting arm 56h is fixed to the lower edge of the reinforcing member 56k located below the spring 63 on the right side of the tip of the lifting arm 56h, and the rotating member 64 is pulled or loosened. A wire 65 for winding and a rotation handle 66 (see FIG. 7) for winding and feeding the wire 65 are provided.

  When the rotary handle 66 is rotated forward and the wire 65 is wound, the reinforcing member 56k is rotated clockwise around the horizontal support shaft 56i shown in FIG. 11 by pulling the rotating member 64, and the finishing rod 58 is also in the same direction. Rotate to descend. On the other hand, when the rotary handle 66 is rotated in the reverse direction to feed the wire 65, the reinforcing member 56k rotates counterclockwise around the horizontal support shaft 56i shown in FIG. To do. Thus, by rotating the rotary handle 66 to wind or feed the wire 65, the reinforcing member 56k rotates around the horizontal support shaft 56i, and the angle of the reinforcing member 56k with respect to the lifting arm 56h changes. Therefore, the elevation angle θ (see FIG. 11), which is an inclination angle with respect to the concrete surface C4, etc., of the finishing rod 58 attached to the reinforcing member 56k can be adjusted by rotating the rotary handle 66.

  The elevation angle adjusting mechanism of the finishing rod 58 is not limited to this. For example, a tilting lever is provided on the operation handle 59 and the lever and the rotating member 64 are connected by a transmission means such as a wire or a hydraulic path. It is also possible to provide a mechanism for changing the elevation angle θ of the finishing rod 58 by lever operation or switch operation on the operation handle 59 side. Also, a method of rotating the rotating member 64 by an electric mechanism can be adopted.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, locking tools 70 for detachably attaching dumbbell-shaped weights 69 are erected at two locations on the upper edge of the reinforcing member 56k. The two locking members 70 are arranged at symmetrical positions across the central portion of the reinforcing member 56k. The supporting plate 70a stands diagonally forward from the upper edge of the reinforcing member 56k, and the upper end thereof has a horizontal direction. And a circular tubular locking tube 70b fixed in a posture to be inserted into the tube. The weight 69 has a disc body 69c, 69d, which is a source of pressure applied, detachably attached to the left and right portions of the support rod 69a having a male screw portion 69b formed on the outer periphery. The disc body 69c, It is formed by screwing fixing nuts 69e to both ends of the support rod 69a protruding from 69d.

  When attaching the weight 69 to the locking tool 70, the disc bodies 69c, 69d are fixed to the support rod 69a by moving the left and right fixing nuts 69e toward the center of the support rod 69a, and the disc bodies 69c, 69d If both ends of the protruding support rod 69a are alternately inserted into the locking tubes 70b of the locking tool 70, the mounting is completed. The locking tube 70b is provided with a locking bolt (not shown) that can be taken in and out in the inner diameter direction, and the outer periphery of the support rod 69a located in the locking tube 70b is pressed and held by the tip of the locking bolt. If the locking mechanism is provided, it is possible to prevent the support rod 69a from moving in the locking tube 70b and the end of the support rod 69a from being detached from the locking tube 70b. Further, the weight of the entire weight 69 can be changed by changing the number of attached disk bodies 69c, 69d or replacing with another disk body (not shown) having a different size.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a locking plate 73 having a plurality of circular locking holes 71, 72 is fixed in a horizontal shelf shape near the lower end of the column 51, and the vertical support shaft 56a A guide tube 75 is fixed in the vertical direction near the lower end, and a locking shaft 74 formed of a round bar is inserted into the guide tube 75 so as to be movable up and down. It is inserted into the hole 71. Further, a wire 76 for raising and lowering the locking shaft 74 in the guide tube 75 in the axial direction is locked to the upper end portion of the locking shaft 74, and a rotary grip 77 for pulling the wire 76 out and out. Is provided on the operation handle 59 (see FIG. 7). When the grip 77 is gripped by hand and rotated in the direction of the arrow line 78a, the wire 76 is pulled or pulled out. As a result, the locking shaft 74 moves up and down in the guide tube 75, and its distal end is the locking hole 71. Detaches from or is inserted.

  Therefore, when the tip of the locking shaft 74 is detached from the locking hole 71 by rotating the grip 77 and pulling the wire 76, the entire coupling mechanism 56 including the finishing rod 58 and the like is provided above and below the column 51. It becomes possible to turn around the two support shafts 61b. In this case, when the grip 77 is pulled in the direction of the arrow line 78b (see FIG. 7), the wire 79 whose tip is locked by the connecting member 56f is pulled, so that the entire connecting mechanism 56 turns rightward about the support shaft 61b. To do. Therefore, when the grip 77 is pulled and the connecting mechanism 56 is turned to the right until the distal end portion of the locking shaft 74 is directly above the locking hole 72, when the grip 77 is released, the wire 76 is fed out. The locking shaft 74 is lowered, and the tip thereof is inserted into the locking hole 72. As a result, the coupling mechanism 56 is set on the right side of the leveling machine 55 together with the finishing rod 58.

  In this way, by operating the grip 77 and turning the connecting mechanism 56, the finishing rod 58 can be set to either the front or right side of the leveling machine 55. Therefore, a final finishing operation, which will be described later, can be performed in a state where the finishing rod 58 is set in front of or on the right side of the leveling machine 55 according to the situation of the construction site.

  Since the inner diameters of the locking holes 71 and 72 are both larger than the outer diameter of the locking shaft 74, the locking shafts 74 inserted into the locking holes 71 and 72 are respectively connected to the locking holes 71. , 72 is movable in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, the entire connecting mechanism 56 including the finishing rod 58 and the like can be horizontally swung around the support shaft 60b of the hook 60 within a certain angle while being connected to the leveling device 55.

  Next, a floor construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a perspective view showing a usage state of the small load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a usage state of the small load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view showing a usage state of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. 5.

  The floor surface construction method of the present embodiment includes the above-described three types of devices, that is, a small load type surface leveling device 1 (see FIG. 1), a large load type surface leveling device 30 (see FIG. 3), and a floor. The surface finishing device 50 (see FIG. 5) is used in this order.

  First, after roughening the surface of the ready-mixed concrete placed on the floor with a poker about 1.2 m long, horizontal reference points are provided at intervals of about 2 m using a laser level device. After this, hitting is performed using scissors, and according to the hitting, the concrete surface is leveled horizontally using an aluminum fixed wood having a length of about 2.5 m.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the surface leveling device 1 is placed on the concrete surface C1 to be surface leveled, the prime mover 8 is started, and the operator W stands behind the operation handle 5 and leveling. The posture opposite to the plate 2 is taken, the throttle lever 13 is operated, and the rotational speed of the prime mover 8 is gradually increased. The vibration of the vibration generator 3 causes the leveling plate 2 to be in an appropriate vibration state (resonance state). Set to be. In this case, there is a point (resonance point) where the leveling plate 2 vibrates violently when the throttle lever 13 is operated and the rotational speed of the prime mover 8 is gradually increased. Can be recognized. When the leveling plate 2 is set in the resonance state, the gripping portion 5a of the operation handle 5 is grasped with both hands, and when the leveling plate 2 is moved backward in the direction of the arrow R, the leveling plate 2 smoothly slides on the concrete surface C1, and the surface leveling is continued. The entire device 1 moves backward in the direction of arrow R. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the leveling plate 2 retreats in the direction of the arrow R while maintaining the inclined posture in which the rear portion including the convex curved surface portion 2c is raised more than the front portion including the reinforcing member 2a.

  As described above, the operator W holding the leveling plate 2 toward the leveling plate 2 operates after the bottom surface 2b of the leveling plate 2 maintained in a vibration state (resonance state) by the vibration generator 3 is brought into contact with the concrete surface C1. Holding the handle 5 with both hands and retreating in the direction of the arrow R as it is, the unevenness of the concrete surface C1 is quickly leveled by the resonance vibration of the leveling plate 2 and the unevenness is eliminated, so that the concrete surface C1 is relatively short. It can be leveled to a uniform concrete surface C2 over time.

  Further, since the reinforcing member 2a is attached to the front portion of the bottom surface 2b of the leveling plate 2 that contacts the concrete surface C2 to the end and affects the finished state, the concrete surface C2 can be uniformly finished. it can. Since the reinforcing member 2a is formed of a wear-resistant metal material, it is less likely to wear due to contact and sliding with the concrete surfaces C1 and C2, and has excellent durability.

  In this way, if the surface leveling device 1 is used, the concrete surface C1 can be leveled while being struck by the large vibration of the leveling plate 2 itself, so that unevenness can be eliminated. Further, by applying vibration to the concrete surface C1 with the leveling plate 2, the pebbles 15 and impurities exposed on the concrete surface C1 are buried in the concrete layer as shown in FIG. Since it floats on the concrete surface C2, the strength of the concrete surface C2 can be greatly increased, which is extremely effective in preventing cracks on the concrete floor. Further, the work width P1 of the leveling plate 2 is equal to the length L1 (see FIG. 1) in the long side direction L and is about 3 m, so that the work speed is fast and the work efficiency is good.

  Since the leveling plate 2 during the leveling operation always slides while floating on the concrete surface C1, no trace of the leveling plate 2 remains on the concrete surface C2, and the operation is easy. The physical burden is small. Further, since the leveling operation can be performed only by lightly pulling the operation handle 5 in the direction of the arrow R while operating the prime mover 8, the operation is extremely easy, and a skilled technician is unnecessary. Furthermore, the change of the working direction is very simple because the leveling plate 2 can be swung horizontally around an arbitrary fulcrum on the concrete surface C1 while the operation handle 5 is grasped. The surface leveling device 1 performs the leveling operation by pulling the operation handle 5 in the direction of the arrow R. However, since the operation direction is not limited, the reverse direction of the arrow R is obtained with the operation handle 5 slightly lowered downward. The same leveling operation as described above can also be performed by pushing and sliding.

  Furthermore, when the surface leveling device 1 is carried in or out of the site, or moved within the construction site, the surface leveling device 1 as a whole is grasped by holding the hooks 14 near both ends of the leveling plate 2. Can be lifted, so workability is good and safety is high. In addition, since the motor 8 and the operation handle 5 are detachable from the leveling plate 2, if necessary, the transporting operation can be further facilitated by removing the motor 8 and the operation handle 5 from the leveling plate 2. The storage space is also small.

  In the surface leveling device 1, the vibration generator 3 is disposed at the center portion in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 2, so that the entire leveling plate 2 vibrates uniformly without unevenness. Further, since the operation handle 5 is fixed to the leveling plate 2 via a plurality of locking portions 4 at symmetrical positions in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 2 with the vibration generator 3 interposed therebetween, the operator W The tensile force due to the retreating is uniformly transmitted to the entire leveling plate 2. For this reason, the concrete surface C1 can be uniformly leveled regardless of the difference of the workers, and it is not necessary to rely on skilled technicians. In the surface leveling device 1, the vibration generator 3 is arranged at the center of the leveling plate 2 in the long side direction L and on the center of gravity of the leveling plate 2. Not only can the entire plate 2 be vibrated uniformly, but also the stability when the operator W grips the operating handle 5 and moves backward is good, and the leveling plate 2 as a whole is also turned horizontally when the direction is changed. It can be done easily.

Moreover, in this embodiment, since the load which the leveling board 2 gives to the concrete surface C1 is set to about 11 kg / m < ² >, when the surface leveling apparatus 1 is mounted on the concrete surface C1, leveling is carried out. The plate 2 does not sink into the concrete surface C1. Therefore, the operator W simply holds the operation handle 5 and pulls it lightly, and the leveling plate 2 in the vibrating state slides on the concrete surface C1 very smoothly. For this reason, the concrete surface C1 can be easily leveled without pulling the operation handle 5 with a strong force, and the physical burden on the operator W can be reduced.

  Further, as the vibration generator 3, the prime mover 8 having the eccentric rotator 7 is provided on the rotary shaft 6, so that the leveling plate 2 can be simplified by operating the throttle lever 13 to control the rotational speed of the prime mover 8. The resonance state can be set. Further, the leveling work can be easily performed even in a place without a power source. Further, during operation, the motor 8 itself also vibrates, so the function of imparting vibration to the leveling plate 2 is high and a strong resonance state is obtained, so that the leveling work can be made more efficient.

  On the other hand, since the fixed plate 10 is attached to the leveling plate 2 with a vibration transmission member 12 having a rigidity higher than that of the leveling plate 2 interposed therebetween, vibrations caused by the eccentric rotating body 7 are transmitted via the vibration transmission member 12. It is transmitted efficiently over a wide area and exhibits excellent surface leveling. In this embodiment, since the vibration transmitting member 12 is attached to the long side portion of the leveling plate 2, the vibration by the eccentric rotating body 7 is efficiently transmitted over a wide range over the entire long side direction L of the leveling plate 2. Further, the surface leveling action can be equalized. Since the operation handle 5 is fixed to the locking portion 4 on the surface of the leveling plate 2 via the vibration control portion 5b, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the leveling plate 2 from being transmitted to the operation handle 5. it can. For this reason, the operator W who works by holding the operation handle 5 with his / her hand is not adversely affected by vibration.

  When the leveling operation by the small load type surface leveling device 1 is completed, a finishing operation using the large load type surface leveling device 30 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is performed. Although the finishing operation by the surface leveling device 30 has the same point as the leveling operation by the surface leveling device 1 described above, the finishing operation using the surface leveling device 30 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. explain.

  As shown in FIG. 10, after the leveling operation by the surface leveling device 1 has finished, time has elapsed, the surface leveling device 30 is placed on the concrete surface C2 in a semi-dry state, the prime mover 38 is started, The person W stands behind the operation handle 35 and takes a posture facing the leveling plate 32, operates the throttle lever 42 to gradually increase the number of revolutions of the prime mover 38, and levels by the vibration of the vibration generator 33. The plate 2 is set so as to be in an appropriate vibration state (resonance state). In this case, there is a point (resonance point) where the leveling plate 32 vibrates violently when the throttle lever 42 is operated to gradually increase the rotational speed of the prime mover 38. Can be set.

  When the leveling plate 32 is set in the resonance state, when the gripping portion 35a of the operation handle 35 is grasped with both hands and moved back in the direction of the arrow R as it is, the leveling plate 32 slides on the concrete surface C2 and the surface leveling device. The entire 30 moves backward in the direction of arrow R. At this time, as in the case of the surface leveling device 1 shown in FIG. 9, the leveling plate 32 has an inclined posture in which the rear portion including the vibration transmitting member 40 b is raised from the front portion including the vibration transmitting member 40 a and the reinforcing member 41. Retreating in the direction of arrow R while maintaining

  Thus, the operator W holding the bottom surface 32b of the leveling plate 32 maintained in a vibration state (resonance state) by the vibration generator 33 in contact with the concrete surface C2 and holding the leveling plate 32 toward the leveling plate 32 operates the operation handle 35. If you hold it with both hands and retreat in the direction of arrow R as it is, the concrete surface C2 is beaten by the resonance vibration of the leveling plate 32, the unevenness is leveled quickly, and there is no unevenness. Compare the concrete surface C2. A uniform concrete surface C3 can be obtained in a short time.

  In addition, since the reinforcing member 41 having an L-shaped cross section is attached to the front portion of the bottom surface 32b of the leveling plate 32 that touches the concrete surface C3 to the end and affects the finished state, the concrete surface C3 Can be finished evenly. Since the reinforcing member 41 is formed of a wear-resistant metal material, it is less worn due to friction with the concrete surface C2 and is excellent in durability.

  In this way, if the surface leveling device 30 is used, the concrete surface C2 can be leveled while being struck by the large vibration of the leveling plate 32 itself, so that unevenness can be eliminated. Further, by applying vibration to the concrete surface C2 by the leveling plate 32, the concrete surface C2 is again rolled and the strength of the concrete surface C3 is also increased. In particular, by applying vibration with the leveling plate 32, sand with relatively coarse grains sinks or is buried, and the cement component floats on the concrete surface C3, which is effective in improving the surface strength. is there. Furthermore, the work width P2 of the leveling plate 32 is equal to the length L2 (see FIG. 3) in the long side direction L and is about 2 m, so that the work speed is fast and the work efficiency is good.

  Since the leveling plate 32 during the leveling operation slides on the concrete surface C2 while vibrating, the trace of the leveling plate 32 does not remain on the concrete surface C3, and the operation is easy. The administrative burden is also small. Further, since the finishing work can be performed only by pulling the operation handle 35 in the direction of the arrow R while operating the prime mover 38, the work is extremely easy, and a skilled technician is unnecessary. Furthermore, it is possible to change the working direction very simply by merely horizontally turning the leveling plate 32 around an arbitrary fulcrum on the concrete surface C2 while holding the operation handle 35. Further, since the vibration generator 33 and the operation handle 35 can be attached to and detached from the leveling plate 32 respectively, if the vibration generator 33 and the operation handle 35 are removed from the leveling plate 32 as necessary, the transfer work can be performed. It becomes easier and requires less storage space.

  In the surface leveling device 30, the vibration generator 33 is arranged at the center portion in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 32, so that the entire leveling plate 32 vibrates uniformly without unevenness, and the operation handle 35 vibrates. Since the generator 33 is fixed to the leveling plate 32 via a plurality of locking portions 34 located symmetrically in the long side direction L of the leveling plate 32 with the generator 33 interposed therebetween, the tensile force due to the operator W retreating is equalized. It is evenly transmitted to the entire plate 32. For this reason, the concrete surface C2 can be uniformly leveled regardless of who performs the work, and there is no need to rely on skilled technicians. In the surface leveling device 30, the vibration generator 33 is disposed at the center of the leveling plate 32 in the long side direction L and on the center of gravity of the leveling plate 32. Not only can the entire plate 32 be vibrated uniformly, but also the stability when the operator W grips the operating handle 35 and retreats is good, and the leveling plate 32 as a whole turns horizontally when the direction is changed. It can be done easily.

In this embodiment, since the load applied to the concrete surface C2 by the leveling plate 32 of the surface leveling device 30 is set to about 75 kg / m ² , the concrete surface is harder than the concrete surface C1 and is in a semi-dry state. A strong surface leveling action is given to C2, and the unevenness can be adjusted promptly. As shown in FIG. 4, the vibration generator 33 includes a prime mover 38, an eccentric rotating body (not shown) disposed in the cover 38 a, a pulley 36 a fixed to the rotary shaft 36 of the prime mover 38, and an eccentricity. Since it is composed of a V-belt 31 spanned between a pulley 37a fixed to a support shaft 37 of the rotating body, by operating the throttle lever 42 to control the rotational speed of the prime mover 38, The leveling plate 32 can be easily set in the resonance state, and the work can be easily performed even in a place without a power source. Further, during operation, the prime mover 38 itself also vibrates, so that the function of imparting vibration to the leveling plate 32 is high and a strong resonance state is obtained, so that the leveling work can be made more efficient.

  Further, since the eccentric rotating body (not shown) disposed in the cover 38a is rotationally driven by the prime mover 38 via the V belt 31 spanned between the pulleys 36a and 37a, the vibration of the eccentric rotating body. Is not transmitted directly to the rotary shaft 36 of the prime mover 38. For this reason, the vibration load on the prime mover 38 is reduced, which is effective in improving the durability.

  On the other hand, since the fixed plate 39 is attached to the leveling plate 32 with high-rigidity vibration transmission members 40a and 40b interposed, vibrations caused by the eccentric rotating body can be efficiently performed over a wide range via the vibration transmission members 40a and 40b. It is well transmitted and exhibits excellent surface leveling. In this embodiment, since the vibration transmitting members 40a and 40b are respectively attached to the long side portions before and after the leveling plate 32, the vibration due to the eccentric rotating body is in a wide range over the entire long side direction L of the leveling plate 32. It can be transmitted efficiently and leveling action can be equalized.

  The inclined portion 35c of the operation handle 35 is fixed to the locking portion 34 via the damping portion 35b, and the locking portion 34 is fixed to the surface of the leveling plate 32 with the damping member 34b interposed therebetween. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the leveling plate 32 from being transmitted to the operation handle 35. For this reason, the worker W who works by holding the operation handle 35 with his / her hand is not adversely affected by vibration. The surface leveling device 30 performs the finishing operation by pulling the operation handle 35 in the direction of the arrow R. However, since the operation direction is not limited, the surface leveling device 30 can be moved with the arrow R with the operation handle 35 slightly lowered downward. A finishing operation similar to that described above can also be performed by pushing and sliding in the reverse direction.

  When the finishing operation by the surface leveling device 30 is finished, the final finishing operation is performed using the floor surface finishing device 50 shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the final finishing operation using the floor finishing apparatus 50 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  When the finishing operation by the surface leveling device 30 is completed, the floor finishing device 50 is placed on the concrete surface C3, which is the final finishing target floor surface, as shown in FIGS. Start and rotate the rotary rod 54 of the leveling machine 55. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the worker W standing on the operation handle 59 side in a posture facing the finishing rod 58 moves backward while holding the operation handle 59 with both hands. As a result, the entire floor finishing device 50 moves horizontally along the concrete surface C3 in the direction of the arrow R (see FIG. 5) while maintaining the state where the rotary rod 54 precedes the finishing rod 58.

  In this way, when the operator W performs an operation of retreating while holding the operation handle 59 with both hands, the pressure leveling of the concrete surface C3 is performed by the rotary rod 54 that moves on the concrete surface C3 while rotating. Followed by a final finish with a finish bar 58 sliding on the concrete surface C4, thereby forming a final finish surface C5.

  During the final finishing operation, as shown in FIG. 11, the finishing rod 58 is held in an inclined posture substantially at an elevation angle θ toward the rotation axis C of the rotating rod 54 by the coupling mechanism 56, and the weight 69 The concrete surface C4 is held by a lifting arm 56h while maintaining a state in which the concrete surface C4 is pressed in the vertical direction by the weight of Accordingly, the concrete surface C4 is subjected to final finishing while maintaining an inclined posture such that the area near the long side in front of the finishing rod 58 is in contact with the concrete surface C4 immediately after the rotary rod 54 has contacted, and the final finished surface is finished. C5 can be formed.

  That is, the finishing rod 58 that moves horizontally in contact with the concrete surface C4 is pressed vertically downward by the weight 69 while being held up and down by the lifting arm 56h, so the rear side of the finishing rod 58 (arrow R side). While maintaining the elevation angle θ, the portion in contact with the concrete surface C4 is held in an elastically deformed state so as to be substantially horizontal, and the weight 69 is supported by the elastic deformation of the finishing rod 58. Also, as shown in FIG. 11, the wire 57 is in a bent state with the tension released. For this reason, the finishing rod 58 is subjected to the final finishing operation while quickly and accurately following the uneven state of the concrete surface C4 without being constrained by the plane leveling machine 55 and the connecting mechanism 56.

  Further, the finishing rod 58 can be swiveled horizontally around the support shaft 60b of the hook 60 and the locking pin 56g, and can be tilted left and right around the longitudinal direction of the lifting arm 56h. It is. For this reason, the finishing rod 58 can be moved up and down, horizontally swiveled, and tilted left and right without being restrained by the plane leveling machine 55 and the connecting mechanism 56. Therefore, the finishing surface 58 that moves horizontally in contact with the concrete surface C4 can be applied to the concrete surface C4, which is superior to the manual operation of the skilled technician. In addition, it is possible to form the final finished surface C5 that is further excellent in flatness and aesthetics in a relatively short time.

  In this manner, the floor finishing device 50 uses the rotational motion of the rotary rod 54 while rotating the rotary rod 54 with the prime mover 53, and moves the entire floor surface finishing device 50 along the concrete surface C3 in the direction of the arrow R. By simply moving horizontally, pressure leveling and final finishing operations can be performed on the concrete surface C3, so that a series of operations from leveling the concrete surface C3 to final finishing can be completed in a short time. It is easy to handle. Moreover, since only one worker W who operates the floor finishing apparatus 50 can perform both the pressure leveling work and the final finishing work, the number of workers can be greatly reduced, and the skilled worker Engineers are also unnecessary. If a rearview mirror is arranged on the operation handle 59, a worker W standing on the operation handle 59 side in a posture facing the finishing rod 58 can see the situation behind him. It is effective for improving safety during finishing work.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, rotation is achieved by providing a gap between the locking plate 73 having the locking holes 71 and 72 and the engagement shaft 74 inserted into the locking holes 71 and 72. A mechanism for holding the entire coupling mechanism 56 including the finishing rod 58 and the like in a range of about 10 degrees is provided around the support shaft 60b parallel to the rotational axis C of the rod 54 within a range of about 10 degrees. As a result, the finishing rod 58 can turn only within a range of about 10 degrees in the direction along the horizontal plane with the support shaft 60b as the center, and therefore the followability to the uneven state of the concrete surface C4 is good. Accordingly, the dredging work superior to the manual work of the skilled technician can be performed on the concrete surface C4, and the final finished surface C5 superior in flatness and appearance to the final finished face obtained by the manual work of the skilled technician is obtained. It is done. Further, since the swivel range of the finish bar 58 is limited to a range of about 10 degrees around the support shaft 60b, the finish bar 58 is not greatly displaced due to the unevenness of the concrete surface C4. In addition, since the turning possible range of the finishing rod 58 is not limited to 10 degrees, it can be arbitrarily set according to the working conditions.

  Further, the finishing rod 58 is rotatably held only within a certain angle around the longitudinal direction of the lifting arm 56h, which is one of the virtual straight lines intersecting the rotational axis C of the rotating rod 54. Without being constrained by the leveling machine 55, it is possible to quickly follow the uneven state of the concrete surface C4. Therefore, the dredging work superior to the manual work of skilled technicians can be performed on the concrete surface C4.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, since the weight 69 and the finishing rod 58 are connected via the reinforcing member 56k and the fixing member 67, which are higher in rigidity than the finishing rod 58, the pressing force based on the weight of the weight 69 is increased. The pressure can be transmitted to the finishing rod 58 in a state of being uniformly dispersed by the reinforcing member 56k. For this reason, the pressing force of the finishing bar 58 on the concrete surface C4 is made uniform, and no traces or wrinkle irregularities remaining during manual work by skilled technicians occur, so the flatness and aesthetics of the final finished surface C5 This is a significant improvement over manual work by skilled technicians.

  In the present embodiment, the length of the reinforcing member 56k in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the floor leveling machine 55 and the length of the fixing member 67 in the same direction are set shorter than the length of the finishing rod 58 in the same direction. Therefore, there is a region where the reinforcing member 56k and the fixing member 67 are not present in the vicinity of both ends of the finishing rod 58 in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the floor leveling machine 55. For this reason, the elastic deformability of the both ends of the finishing rod 58 is enhanced, the followability to the uneven state of the concrete surface C4 is improved, and the pressing force by the both ends of the finishing rod 58 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a linear mark or the like from remaining on the concrete surface after both end portions of the finishing rod 58 have passed.

  When it is necessary to pull up the finishing rod 58 from the concrete surface C4 or the like during the finishing operation by the floor finishing device 50, when the operator W rotates the turning lever 62 shown in FIG. Since the elevating arm 56h pivots upward about the locking pin 56g, the finishing rod 58 connected to the elevating arm 56h can be pulled up from the concrete surface C4. Thereafter, if the swivel lever 62 is further rotated, the elevating arm 56h and the finishing rod 58 can be erected almost vertically, so when the direction of the floor finishing device 50 is changed or moved to another place. There will be no hindrance.

  Further, as described above, with the finishing rod 58 and the like pulled up from the concrete surface C4, the grip 77 shown in FIG. 7 is operated and the connecting mechanism 56 is horizontally swiveled around the support shaft 60b, thereby finishing the finishing rod. 58 can be moved from the front of the leveling machine 55 to the right side, set at that position, and the floor finishing apparatus 50 can be moved to the left side to perform the final finishing operation of the concrete surface C4. In other words, depending on the situation at the construction site, the finishing rod 58 can be set in front of the leveling machine 55 or set on the right side for final finishing work. Excellent in workability and workability.

  When the elevating arm 56h and the finishing rod 58 are erected almost vertically, the stopper 56s on the upper surface of the elevating arm 56h is in contact with and supported by the buffer member 56t on the upper surface of the lower support member 56e. In addition, the finishing rod 58 and the like can be stably held. Further, if the turning lever 62 is rotated in the reverse direction, the lifting arm 56h rotates downward about the locking pin 56g, and the finishing rod 58 and the like land on the concrete surface, so that the lifting operation is easy.

  In addition, when the floor finishing device 50 is not used, the entire coupling mechanism 56 including the finishing rod 58 and the like can be detached from the column 51 of the plane leveling machine 55 (see FIG. 5). For this reason, the space occupied when the floor finishing apparatus 50 is stored or transported can be reduced, which is convenient. In addition, since the weight 69, the finishing rod 58, etc. can also be removed from the raising / lowering arm 56h of the connection mechanism 56 if needed in the case of storage, conveyance, etc., further space saving can be aimed at.

  As described above, in the construction work of the concrete floor surface, the above-described three types of devices, that is, the small load type surface leveling device 1 (see FIG. 1) and the large load type surface leveling device 30 (see FIG. 3). ) And the floor finishing device 50 (see FIG. 5) in this order, the flatness and aesthetics are superior to the final finishing surface by manual operation of the skilled worker without relying on the skilled worker. The concrete floor surface (final finish surface) can be formed in a relatively short time, and the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

  In addition, since the floor surface construction method of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, it can be changed according to the condition of the concrete surface, construction conditions, and the like. For example, a small load type surface leveling device 1 (see FIG. 1) and a floor finishing device 50 (see FIG. 5) are used in this order, or a large load type surface leveling device 30 (see FIG. 3) and It is possible to use the floor finishing device 50 (see FIG. 5) in this order. In any case, the floor finishing device 50 does not rely on the skilled technician, but rather than the final finished surface by manual operation of the skilled technician. A concrete floor surface (final finish surface) excellent in flatness and aesthetics can be formed in a relatively short time, and the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, other embodiments relating to the leveling plate constituting the heavy load type surface leveling device shown in FIG. 3 will be described. 12 and 13 are perspective views showing other embodiments of the leveling plate constituting the heavy load type floor finishing apparatus, FIG. 14 is a partially cutaway front view of the leveling plate shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a partially cutaway side view of the leveling plate shown in FIG. 13. 12 to 14, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are parts having the same structure and function as the constituent parts of the surface leveling device 30 described above, and the description thereof is omitted. To do.

  The leveling plate 82 shown in FIG. 12 has a substantially tray shape by bending the front and rear side edges of the rectangular metal plate upward to form the front and rear inclined surface portions 82a and 82b and the left and right inclined surface portions 82c. A pair of fixing plates 39x for attaching vibration generating means such as the vibration generator 33 shown in FIG. Further, in order to prevent the vibration of the leveling plate 32 from being transmitted to the operation handle 35, a damping member 34 x is disposed between the surface of the leveling plate 82 and the locking portion 34. The rear inclined surface portion 82a is formed wider than the other three inclined surface portions 82b and 82c. An operator (not shown) normally performs the floor finishing work by grasping the grip portion 35a of the operation handle 35 with both hands and pulling the leveling plate 82 backward, but the work is performed while moving in the reverse direction. It can also be done. Further, the floor handle can be finished by attaching the operation handle 35 to the direction shown in FIG. The operations and effects of other parts are the same as those of the leveling plate 32 of the surface leveling device 30 described above.

  Next, the leveling plate 92 shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 is provided with convex curved surface portions 92a and 92b on the four edge portions of the bottom surface of the rectangular plate material having the hollow portion 92c therein, and the four corner portions are smooth. A pair of fixing plates 39x for attaching vibration generating means such as the vibration generator 33 shown in FIG. 3 is provided in the center portion. The use of the leveling plate 92 is the same as that of the leveling plate 82 described above. However, since the hollow portion 92c is provided, the weight can be reduced. Moreover, since the thickness of the leveling plate 92 is increased and the rigidity is increased by providing the hollow portion 92c, it is difficult to warp or deform. The operations and effects of other parts are the same as those of the leveling plate 32 of the surface leveling device 30 described above.

  The floor construction technique of the present invention can be widely used in construction sites such as concrete floors.

It is a perspective view which shows the small load type | mold surface leveling apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the heavy load type surface leveling apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a partially cut perspective view of the heavy load type surface leveling device shown in FIG. 3. It is a side view which shows the floor surface finishing apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows a part of floor surface finishing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the operation handle part of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the small load type | mold surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the use condition of the small load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the heavy load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the use condition of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment regarding the leveling board which comprises a heavy load type floor surface finishing apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment regarding the leveling board which comprises a heavy load type floor surface finishing apparatus. It is a partially cutaway front view of the leveling plate shown in FIG. It is a partially cutaway side view of the leveling plate shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1,30 Surface leveling device 2,32,82,92 Leveling plate 2a Reinforcing member 2b, 32b Bottom surface 2c, 92a, 92b Convex surface portion 3,33 Vibration generator 4,34 Locking portion 5,35,59 Operation Handle 5a, 35a Grasping part 5b, 35b Damping part 5c, 35c Inclined part 6, 36 Rotating shaft 7 Eccentric rotating body 8, 38, 53 Motor 8a, 38a Cover 9 Post 9a Turnbuckle 9b Reinforcing rod 10 Fixing plate 11 Vibration isolation Plate 12, 40a, 40b Vibration transmission member 13, 42, 80 Throttle lever 14 Hook 15 Pebble 17 Locking tool 18 Lever 31 V belt 34b, 34x Damping member 36a, 37a Pulley 37 Support shaft 39, 39x Fixed plate 41 Reinforcement member 50 Surface finishing device 51 Post 54 Rotating rod 55 Plane leveling machine 56 Connection mechanism 56a Vertical support shaft 56b Tool 56d Upper support member 56e Lower support member 56f Connecting member 56g Locking pin 56h Lifting arm 56i Horizontal support shaft 56j, 56n, 56r Tubular bearing 56k Reinforcement member 56m Holding member 56p, 56s Stopper 56t Buffer members 57, 65, 76, 79 Wire 58 Finish rod 60 Hook 60a Support plate 60b Support shaft 60c Lock hole 60d Lock tube 61 Connecting member 61a, 61b Support shaft 62 Turning lever 63 Spring 64 Rotating member 66 Rotating handle 66b Pulley 67 Fixing member 68 Bolt 69 Weight 69a Support rod 69b Male thread portion 69c, 69d Disk body 69e Fixing nut 70 Locking tool 70a Support plate 70b Locking tube 71, 72 Locking hole 73 Locking plate 74 Locking shaft 75 Guide tube 77 Grip 78a, 78b Arrow 82a, 82b, 82c Inclined surface portion 92c Cavity portion C1, C2, C3, C4, 52 Concrete surface C5 Final finish surface L Long side direction L1, L2 Long side direction length P1, P2 Working width S Short side direction S1, S2 Short side direction length T1, T2 Thickness R Arrow W Worker

The floor surface construction method of the present invention is mounted on the leveling plate that can slide in a state where the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before hardening, and the leveling plate to vibrate and resonate. Vibration generating means and an operation handle attached to the leveling plate, and at least two types of surface leveling devices having different loads per unit area applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate are the load. Are used in order from the smallest of these, or any one of them is used , and the leveling plate maintained in a resonance state by the vibration of the vibration generating means is slid on the concrete surface. Leveling process to level the surface;
A leveling machine having a propeller-like power rotary rod that rotates while being in contact with the leveled concrete surface, and an outer peripheral region of the rotating surface of the rotary rod in a state connected to the leveling machine. An elastically deformable flat plate-shaped finishing rod disposed on the surface, and a weight for pressing the finishing rod toward the concrete surface, and the finish on the concrete surface after the rotating rod has contacted Using a floor finishing device that is supported so that at least a part of the reed is in contact with the finished reed, while being able to move up and down, horizontally swivel while maintaining the finished reed in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotational axis of the revolving reed Finishing step of finishing the concrete surface by holding the rotary rod so that it can be tilted left and right and sliding on the concrete surface after passing through the contact surface,
It is provided with.

On the other hand, the floor surface finishing device has a mechanism for holding the finishing rod formed of an elastically deformable plate material in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotation axis of the rotating rod, and the inclined surface of the finishing rod. vertically movable while keeping the posture, includes a mechanism for holding freely horizontally turnable and lateral tilt, and a weight for pressing against said finishing trowel to the finished target surface. With such a configuration, the finishing trowel is in the state held in the inclined posture with elevation angle toward the rotation axis of the rotary trowel, pressing in a vertical direction towards the concrete surface by the weight of the weight It can be moved up and down, horizontally swiveled, and tilted to the left and right , making it easy to follow the unevenness of the concrete surface before finishing, and more accurate and uniform dredging work than a skilled technician can do manually. Can be applied to the concrete surface. Accordingly, there are no traces or wrinkle irregularities left during the manual operation, and it is possible to form a concrete floor surface that is more excellent in flatness and aesthetics than the manual operation, and no skilled technician is required.

Next, the surface leveling apparatus of the present invention includes a leveling plate having a rectangular shape in plan view that can slide in a state in which at least a part of the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before curing, and the leveling plate. A vibration generating means mounted on the center of the leveling plate in the long side direction of the leveling plate in order to give vibration and maintain a resonance state, and the leveling across the vibration generating means An operation handle attached to the leveling plate via a plurality of locking portions provided at symmetrical positions in the long side direction of the plate, and the load applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate is 50 to 50 100 kg / m ² . With such a configuration, it is possible to perform a suitable leveling operation on the concrete surface that is in a semi-dry state after time has passed after placing, and by this leveling operation, it started to become a little hard The unevenness of the concrete surface can be quickly eliminated.

The floor surface construction method of the present invention is mounted on the leveling plate that can slide in a state where the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before hardening, and the leveling plate to vibrate and resonate. Vibration generating means and an operation handle attached to the leveling plate, and at least two types of surface leveling devices having different loads per unit area applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate are the load. Are used in order from the smallest of these, or any one of them is used, and the leveling plate maintained in a resonance state by the vibration of the vibration generating means is slid on the concrete surface. Leveling process to level the surface;
A leveling machine having a propeller-like power rotary rod that rotates while being in contact with the leveled concrete surface, and an outer peripheral region of the rotating surface of the rotary rod in a state connected to the leveling machine. An elastically deformable flat plate-shaped finishing rod disposed on the surface, and a weight for pressing the finishing rod toward the concrete surface, and the finish on the concrete surface after the rotating rod has contacted Using a floor finishing device supported so that at least a part of the heel is in contact, the finished heel can be raised and lowered while maintaining an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotational axis of the rotating heel, and the flat surface leveling finishing step of finishing the concrete surface by sliding on the concrete surface after the outer periphery of the horizontal swivel and lateral tilt freely holding the rotary trowel and the machine has passed in contact ,
It is provided with.

On the other hand, the floor surface finishing device has a mechanism for holding the finishing rod formed of an elastically deformable plate material in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotation axis of the rotating rod, and the inclined surface of the finishing rod. A mechanism for holding the outer periphery of the flatness leveler so as to be able to move up and down while being maintained in a posture, and to be capable of horizontally swiveling and tilting to the left and right, and a weight for pressing the finishing rod toward the surface to be finished. With such a configuration, the finishing rod is pressed in the vertical direction toward the concrete surface by the weight of the weight while maintaining the inclined posture with the elevation angle toward the rotation axis of the rotating rod. It can be moved up and down, and the outer periphery of the leveling machine is held horizontally and can be swung left and right so that it can follow the uneven surface of the concrete surface before finishing, and a skilled technician performs it manually. More accurate and uniform dredging work can be applied to the concrete surface. Accordingly, there are no traces or wrinkle irregularities left during the manual operation, and it is possible to form a concrete floor surface that is more excellent in flatness and aesthetics than the manual operation, and no skilled technician is required.

Then, the front surface leveling device, slidable plan view shape is a rectangular smoothing plate being in contact at least a portion of the bottom surface on the concrete surface before curing, the vibration to the leveling plate A vibration generating means mounted at the center of the leveling plate and on the center of gravity of the leveling plate in order to maintain the resonance state, and the leveling plate An operation handle attached to the leveling plate via a plurality of engaging portions provided at symmetrical positions in the long side direction, and a load applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate is 50 to 100 kg / m ² can be set . With such a configuration, it is possible to perform a suitable leveling operation on the concrete surface that is in a semi-dry state after time has passed after placing, and by this leveling operation, it started to become a little hard The unevenness of the concrete surface can be quickly eliminated.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the floor finishing device 50 is in contact with the concrete surface 52 that is the floor surface to be finished, and a plurality of rotary rods 54 that rotate in a propeller shape with the driving force of the prime mover 53. And a flat finishing bar 58 disposed in a part of the outer peripheral area of the rotating surface of the rotary bar 54 in a state of being connected to the leveling machine 55 via a connecting mechanism 56. And. On the opposite side of the position and the finishing trowel 58 in the plane leveling machine 55, the worker W to be described later operating handle 59 for operating the floor surface finishing device 50 is provided. Further, the operation handle 59 is provided with a throttle lever 80 for increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the prime mover 53, a lever 18 for adjusting the ground contact angle of the rotary rod 54, and the like.

Next, with reference to FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, other embodiments relating to the leveling plate constituting the heavy load type surface leveling device shown in FIG. 3 will be described. 12, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the other embodiments relating leveling plate constituting the front surface leveling device having a large load-type, FIG. 14 is partially cut front view of the leveling plate 13, Fig. 15 is a partially cutaway side view of the leveling plate shown in FIG. 12 to 14, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are parts having the same structure and function as the constituent parts of the surface leveling device 30 described above, and the description thereof is omitted. To do.

It is a perspective view which shows the small load type | mold surface leveling apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the heavy load type surface leveling apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a partially cut perspective view of the heavy load type surface leveling device shown in FIG. 3. It is a side view which shows the floor surface finishing apparatus used in the floor surface construction method which is embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows a part of floor surface finishing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the operation handle part of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the small load type | mold surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the use condition of the small load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the heavy load type surface leveling apparatus shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the use condition of the floor finishing apparatus shown in FIG. Is a perspective view showing the other embodiments relating leveling plate constituting the front surface leveling device having a large load type. Is a perspective view showing the other embodiments relating leveling plate constituting the front surface leveling device having a large load type. It is a partially cutaway front view of the leveling plate shown in FIG. It is a partially cutaway side view of the leveling plate shown in FIG.

1,30 Surface leveling device 2,32,82,92 Leveling plate 2a Reinforcing member 2b, 32b Bottom surface 2c, 92a, 92b Convex surface portion 3,33 Vibration generator 4,34 Locking portion 5,35,59 Operation Handle 5a, 35a Grasping part 5b, 35b Damping part 5c, 35c Inclined part 6, 36 Rotating shaft 7 Eccentric rotating body 8, 38, 53 Motor 8a, 38a Cover 9 Post 9a Turnbuckle 9b Reinforcing rod 10 Fixing plate 11 Vibration isolation Plate 12, 40a, 40b Vibration transmission member 13, 42, 80 Throttle lever 14 Hook 15 Pebble 17 Locking tool 18 Lever 31 V belt 34b, 34x Damping member 36a, 37a Pulley 37 Support shaft 39, 39x Fixed plate 41 Reinforcement member 50 Floor finishing device 51 Post 54 Rotating rod 55 Plane leveling machine 56 Connection mechanism 56a Vertical support shaft 56b Locking Tool 56d Upper support member 56e Lower support member 56f Connecting member 56g Locking pin 56h Lifting arm 56i Horizontal support shaft 56j, 56n, 56r Tubular bearing 56k Reinforcement member 56m Holding member 56p, 56s Stopper 56t Buffer members 57, 65, 76, 79 Wire 58 Finish rod 60 Hook 60a Support plate 60b Support shaft 60c Lock hole 60d Lock tube 61 Connecting member 61a, 61b Support shaft 62 Turning lever 63 Spring 64 Rotating member 66 Rotating handle 66b Pulley 67 Fixing member 68 Bolt 69 Weight 69a Support rod 69b Male thread portion 69c, 69d Disk body 69e Fixing nut 70 Locking tool 70a Support plate 70b Locking tube 71, 72 Locking hole 73 Locking plate 74 Locking shaft 75 Guide tube 77 Grip 78a, 78b Arrow 82a, 82b, 82c Slope portion 92c Cavity portion C1, C2, C3, C4, 52 Concrete surface C5 Final finish surface L Long side direction L1, L2 Long side direction length P1, P2 Working width S Short side direction S1, S2 Short side direction length T1, T2 Thickness R Arrow W Worker

Claims (5)

A leveling plate slidable in a state where the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before hardening, vibration generating means mounted on the leveling plate to resonate by applying vibration to the leveling plate, and the leveling Whether or not to use at least two types of surface leveling devices in order from the smallest load, each of which has an operation handle attached to the plate, and the bottom surface of the leveling plate has a different load per unit area applied to the concrete surface Or a leveling step of leveling the concrete surface by using any one of them,
A leveling machine having a propeller-like power rotary rod that rotates while being in contact with the leveled concrete surface, and an outer peripheral region of the rotating surface of the rotary rod in a state connected to the leveling machine. Using a floor finishing device that is provided so that at least a part of the finishing rod is in contact with the concrete surface after the rotating rod has been contacted and passed. A finishing process to finish the concrete surface;
A floor surface construction method characterized by comprising: At least the load in one of the surface smoothing device is 5~30kg / m ^2, the load in the other of said surface smoothing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the 50 to 100 / m ² Floor construction method. The surface leveling device having a load of 5 to 30 kg / m ² is used when a moisture layer is present on the concrete surface, and the load is 50 to 100 kg / when the concrete surface is semi-dry. ^3. The floor construction method according to claim ² , wherein the surface leveling device of m ² is used.   The floor surface finishing device holds the finishing rod formed of an elastically deformable plate material in an inclined posture with an elevation angle toward the rotational axis of the rotating rod, and the finishing rod in the inclined posture. The floor construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a mechanism that holds the finisher so that it can be lifted at least while being maintained; and a weight that presses the finisher toward the finish target surface. Law. A flat plate having a rectangular shape that can be slid in a state where at least a part of the bottom surface is in contact with the concrete surface before hardening, and the flat plate for vibrating the flat plate to resonate. A vibration generating means mounted at the center in the long side direction, and the leveling plate via a plurality of locking portions provided at symmetrical positions in the long side direction of the leveling plate across the vibration generating means. A surface leveling device, wherein the load applied to the concrete surface by the bottom surface of the leveling plate is 50 to 100 kg / m ² .

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