JP2007117603A - 人工股関節用の大腿骨ステム及びそれを含む人工股関節 - Google Patents
人工股関節用の大腿骨ステム及びそれを含む人工股関節 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007117603A JP2007117603A JP2005316712A JP2005316712A JP2007117603A JP 2007117603 A JP2007117603 A JP 2007117603A JP 2005316712 A JP2005316712 A JP 2005316712A JP 2005316712 A JP2005316712 A JP 2005316712A JP 2007117603 A JP2007117603 A JP 2007117603A
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- Prior art keywords
- stem
- greater trochanter
- plate
- fixed
- femoral
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の大腿骨ステムは、大腿骨の髄腔に挿入固定されるステム遠位部と人工骨頭を取り付ける頸部を備え上記ステム遠位部の近位端に固定されたステム近位部とを一体に又は分離可能に備えたステム部材と、上記ステム近位部の頂部に着脱可能に取着したプレート取付部と、上記プレート取付部に角度一定に固定、又は角度調節可能に固定され、大転子を上部から押さえる大転子プレートと、から成る。本発明の大腿骨ステムでは、大転子プレートが大腿骨ステムに固定されているので大転子の固定力が強く、安定した固定が得られ、さらに、大転子プレートの固定位置がステム近位部の頂部であり、大転子の固定時に大転子プレートが大転子の上部を覆うので、中殿筋による大転子の上方向へのズレ上がりを効果的に抑えることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
から成っている。
一般的には、外側骨折では骨頭を保存するほうが良いとされており、人工骨頭への置換は行われていなかった。しかしながら、患者の総合的な健康維持とQOLの観点、例えば痴呆防止のための早期離床・早期歩行の必要性等を鑑みた場合、骨頭を人工物に置換してでも術後の健康を維持することも考慮すべきであろう。本発明は、そのような思想に基づいて、外側骨折に使用するのにも適している。
ステム部材20は、大腿骨7の髄腔に挿入固定されるステム遠位部21と、人工骨頭82を取り付ける頸部26を備えステム遠位部21の近位端に固定されたステム近位部22と、を分離可能に組み合わせて構成されている。
大転子プレート3をコマ部品31、32、32から構成することにより、コマ部品の数を増減することにより、大転子71の大きさに合わせて大転子プレート3の寸法を調節することができる。また、コマ部品間の接続部分の屈曲を変更することにより、大転子プレート3を大転子71の外側形状に沿わせることができる。
また、コマ部品31、32、32は、大転子71と接触する表面側にトゲ状突起38を備えることができ、大転子プレート3で大転子71を押さえるときに、トゲ状突起38が大転子71の表面に引っかかって滑りにくくなる。
このようなモジュラータイプのステム部材20は、患者の状況に合わせてステム遠位部21及びステム近位部22を選択することができる利点がある。モジュラータイプのステム部材20は、特に、大腿骨ステムを抜去した患者に再度大腿骨ステムを固定する再置換の手術に有利であり、ステム遠位部21を適宜選択し使用することにより、先の大腿骨ステムよりも長い大腿骨ステムを組み上げることが容易である。これにより、在庫すべきステム構成部品の点数を減らしながら、さまざまな症例に適した大腿骨ステム2を提供することができる。
また、この大腿骨ステム2は、ステム近位部22の頸部基部29を大きく成形すると共に、基部29の下側に、横方向に伸びた沈み込み防止突条51を備えることにより、近位内側が非常に薄化した大腿骨であっても荷重支持が可能である。これにより、大腿骨ステム2に荷重をかけたとき、大腿骨ステム2が大腿骨7の内部に沈み込むのを防止して、大転子ステム2の支持性を向上している。
この実施例では、ステム近位部22と大転子プレート3との結合が、円柱ボルト28や連結部36を用いて、プレート連結ネジ34で螺合しているが、これ以外の固定用器具や固定方法を使用して固定することもできる。
ステム部材20は、大腿骨7の髄腔に挿入固定されるステム遠位部21と、人工骨頭82を取り付ける頸部26を備えステム遠位部21の近位端に固定されたステム近位部22と、を分離可能に組み合わせて構成されている。
また、大転子プレート4は、大転子71と接触する表面側にトゲ状突起48を備えることができ、大転子プレート4で大転子71を押さえるときに、トゲ状突起48が大転子71の表面に引っかかって滑りにくくなる。
このようなモジュラータイプのステム部材20は、患者の状況に合わせてステム遠位部21及びステム近位部22を選択することができる利点がある。モジュラータイプのステム部材20は、特に、大腿骨ステムを抜去した患者に再度大腿骨ステムを固定する再置換の手術に有利であり、ステム遠位部21を適宜選択し使用することにより、先の大腿骨ステムよりも長い大腿骨ステムを組み上げることが容易である。これにより、在庫すべきステム構成部品の点数を減らしながら、さまざまな症例に適した大腿骨ステム2を提供することができる。
また、この大腿骨ステム2は、ステム近位部22の頸部基部29を大きく成形すると共に、基部29の下側に、横方向に伸びた沈み込み防止突条51を備えることにより、近位内側が非常に薄化した大腿骨であっても荷重支持が可能である。これにより、大腿骨ステム2に荷重をかけたとき、大腿骨ステム2が大腿骨7の内部に沈み込むのを防止して、大転子ステム2の支持性を向上している。
図5に示す本発明の変形例は、一体型の大転子プレート4を、大腿骨ステム2のステム近位部2に、連結部63を介して回動自在に備えた形態である。
ステム近位部2に固定された連結部63は、軸受け部61を備えており、この軸受け部61には、大転子プレート4の上端に形成された軸部62を受容している。軸部61と軸受け部62とは回動可能であるので、大転子プレート4は、ワイヤ挿通用の貫通孔43にワイヤを挿通して、大転子に固定される。
また、図5のように、大転子の外側を包むような左右に広がる翼部64を備えていると、大転子が左右にずれにくいので好ましい。
このようなモジュラータイプのステム部材20は、患者の状況に合わせてステム遠位部21及びステム近位部22を選択することができる利点がある。モジュラータイプのステム部材20は、特に、大腿骨ステムを抜去した患者に再度大腿骨ステムを固定する再置換の手術に有利であり、ステム遠位部21を適宜選択し使用することにより、先の大腿骨ステムよりも長い大腿骨ステムを組み上げることが容易である。これにより、在庫すべきステム構成部品の点数を減らしながら、さまざまな症例に適した大腿骨ステム2を提供することができる。
また、この大腿骨ステム2は、ステム近位部22の頸部基部29を大きく成形すると共に、基部29の下側に、横方向に伸びた沈み込み防止突条51を備えることにより、近位内側が非常に薄化した大腿骨であっても荷重支持が可能である。これにより、大腿骨ステム2に荷重をかけたとき、大腿骨ステム2が大腿骨7の内部に沈み込むのを防止して、大転子ステム2の支持性を向上している。
大腿骨ステム2を大腿骨7に固定する手術では、ステム遠位部21、ステム近位部22、及び大転子プレート4を組み上げた状態で準備し、ステム遠位部21を、骨切りした大腿骨7の遠位部から骨髄腔に挿入する。次いで、大転子71の上部に位置する大転子プレート4と、大転子4下部の左右に伸びた補助プレート66との間を、ワイヤ6がたすき掛けになるように掛け渡して、大転子71の外側を押さえる。
この例では、大転子プレート4が連結部46と一体にされているので、それらを結合する機械的な嵌合なしに、大転子プレート4は、ステム近位部22に強固に固定することができる。
2 大腿骨ステム
21 ステム遠位部
22 ステム近位部
23 ステム近位部の頂部
24 ステム近位部のワイヤ挿通用の開口部
26 頸部
3 コマ部品連結型の大転子プレート
31、32 大転子プレートのコマ部品
33 貫通孔
34 ネジ
36 プレート取付部(連結部)
39 隙間
4 一体型の大転子プレート
44 ツメ部
45 プレート固定ネジ
46 プレート取付部(連結部)
49 隙間
50 回旋防止突条
51 沈み込み防止突条
6 ワイヤ
63 プレート取付部(連結部)
66 補助プレート
67 補助プレートの貫通孔
7 大腿骨
71 大転子
81 人工骨頭
91 人工股関節用カップ
Claims (8)
- 大腿骨の髄腔に挿入固定されるステム遠位部と、人工骨頭を取り付ける頸部を備え上記ステム遠位部の近位端に固定されたステム近位部とを、一体に又は分離可能に備えたステム部材と、
上記ステム近位部の頂部に着脱可能に取着したプレート取付部と、
上記プレート取付部に角度一定に固定、又は角度調節可能に固定され、大転子を上部から押さえる大転子プレートと、から構成されることを特徴とする大腿骨ステム。 - 上記大転子プレートが、複数のコマ部品を帯状に連結して構成されており、
コマ部品の少なくとも1つには、ワイヤ挿通用の貫通孔が形成され、
ステム近位部には、ワイヤ挿通用の開口部が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の大腿骨ステム。 - 上記コマ部品が、隣接するコマ部品にネジ止めすることにより仮固定できることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の大腿骨ステム。
- 上記大転子プレートが、大転子の外側面を覆う寸法形状に成形されたプレート部品から構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の大腿骨ステム。
- 上記大転子プレートが、テーパ嵌合及びネジ締めにより、ステム近位部の頂部に強固に固定されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の大腿骨ステム。
- 上記大転子プレートが、大転子に付着した中殿筋に掛止するためのツメ部を備えている請求項4又は5に記載の大腿骨ステム。
- 大転子固定プレートが、大転子の上面を覆う寸法形状に成形されたプレート部品から構成されており、
さらに、大腿骨ステムが、大転子下部の右側及び左側に延びる少なくとも2つの補助プレートを含んでおり、
大転子プレート及び補助プレートには、ワイヤ挿入用の貫通孔が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の大腿骨ステム。 - 大腿骨の髄腔に挿入固定されるステム遠位部と人工骨頭を取り付ける頸部を備え上記ステム遠位部の近位端に固定されたステム近位部とを一体に又は分離可能に備えたステム部材と、上記ステム近位部の頂部に着脱可能に取着したプレート取付部と、上記プレート取付部に角度一定に固定、又は角度調節可能に固定され、大転子を上部から押さえる大転子プレートと、から構成された大腿骨ステムと、
上記ステム近位部の頸部に固定された人工骨頭と、
骨盤の寛骨に固定されて、上記人工骨頭を受容して関節部分を構成するカップと、から成る人工股関節。
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JP2005316712A JP4898192B2 (ja) | 2005-10-31 | 2005-10-31 | 人工股関節用の大腿骨ステム及びそれを含む人工股関節 |
US12/084,265 US8252061B2 (en) | 2005-10-31 | 2006-10-26 | Femoral stem for artificial hip joint and artificial hip joint including the same |
KR1020087012978A KR101234754B1 (ko) | 2005-10-31 | 2006-10-26 | 인공고관절용 대퇴골 스템 및 그것을 포함하는 인공고관절 |
PCT/JP2006/321328 WO2007052521A1 (ja) | 2005-10-31 | 2006-10-26 | 人工股関節用の大腿骨ステム及びそれを含む人工股関節 |
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CH706288A2 (fr) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-09-30 | Chirmat Sarl | Implant pour les fractures proximales d'os longs. |
EP2671542A1 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-11 | Universitätsspital Basel | Bone plate for the greater trochanter |
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JP6162735B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2017-07-12 | 株式会社オーミック | 骨保持具及びこれを備える骨接合補強具 |
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US20090164026A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
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