JP2007113318A - Grating lid and drainage structure of road - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grating lid capable of suppressing the deposition of foreign matter on the water guide surface of a guide member while increasing a rain water swallowing capacity by the guide member. <P>SOLUTION: This grating lid comprises a plurality of main bars 15 extending in the water flow direction on the water flow surface and side bars connecting the longitudinal ends of the main bars 15 to each other. The guide member 17 having the water guide surface 17a tilted larger than the water flow gradient of the water flow surface is extended from the side members on the upstream side in the flowing direction to between the main bars 15. The guide member 17 comprises an opening 18 for dropping foreign matter falling on the water guide surface 17a to the lower side of the guide member 17 at an intermediate part in the flow direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grating lid and a drainage structure of a road using the same.

For example, in a general road where a roadway and a sidewalk are separated via a walking road boundary block, an apron portion having a running water surface inclined downward in the transverse direction outside is usually provided on the side of the roadway. In such an apron section, water collecting basins having a grating lid are installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and each of the water collecting basins is U-shaped grooves or cross sections embedded in the longitudinal direction below the apron part. They are connected to each other by circular water collecting pipes.
On the surface of the flowing water in the apron part of the road, when the flowing water gradient becomes steep to some extent (generally 1% or more), a flow having a shallow water depth and a high flow velocity may be generated. When such a jet flow occurs, it may pass through the gap of the catching lid of the catchment basin, and rainwater may not be sufficiently swallowed, and the roadway side of the road may be flooded.

  In order to prevent the drainage performance from deteriorating due to the occurrence of the above-described jet flow, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a guide member having a water guide surface inclined more greatly than the water flow gradient of the water flow surface is provided with a grating lid. The structure provided in the inlet part (upstream side of the flow direction) of this is proposed. Thereby, rainwater can be actively dropped down by flowing rainwater along the guide member which has a water conveyance surface.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-124690 (FIG. 1)

  When a guide member having a water guide surface is provided like the grating lid described in Patent Document 1, rain water can be flowed along the water guide surface and rain water can be dropped downward, but no rain water is flowing. Then, when foreign matters such as sand and pebbles existing on the road fall on the water guide surface, they may adhere to and accumulate on the water guide surface. When the accumulation of such sand and the like increases, when the rainwater flows along the surface of the water guide, the deposits may obstruct the flow of the rainwater.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a grating lid and a road drainage structure capable of suppressing the accumulation of foreign matters on the water guide surface of the guide member while enhancing the penetration of rainwater. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, a grating lid according to the present invention includes a plurality of main bars extending in the direction of water flow on the surface of the flowing water, and a plurality of lateral bars extending in the flow direction so as to interconnect the main bars. A cross bar and a side bar connecting the longitudinal ends of the main bars, and a guide member having a water guide surface inclined more greatly than a water flow gradient of the water flow surface is provided on the side on the upstream side in the flow direction. In the grating lid extending from the bar toward the main bar, the guide member has an opening that allows foreign matter falling on the water guide surface to fall below the guide member. is there.

  According to this configuration, the rain water can be actively guided and flowed downward by the guide member, and the rain water penetration performance in the grating lid can be enhanced. Further, since the guide member has an opening, foreign matter falling on the water guide surface can be dropped to the lower side of the guide member through the opening. Therefore, the foreign material adhering on the water guide surface can be reduced, and the accumulation of the foreign material can be suppressed.

Further, in this grating lid, the opening is provided at a central portion of the guide member, leaving an upstream inclined portion, a downstream inclined portion, and the lateral inclined portion of the guide member. It is preferable.
According to this, the guide member has a configuration in which inclined portions are left on the upstream side, the downstream side, and the lateral sides of the opening. By leaving these inclined portions, rainwater can flow along the inclined portions as a flow stuck to each inclined portion. Therefore, even if the opening is provided in the guide member, it is possible to prevent the rainwater penetration performance from being greatly deteriorated.

The road drainage structure of the present invention is fitted in the grating frame embedded in the road so that the upper edge surface is flush with the running water surface, and inside the grating frame so as to be flush with the running water surface. And the grating lid.
According to this, even when the flowing water is in a diagonal flow state on the surface of the flowing water, the flowing water can be actively taken down. And the accumulation of the foreign material on the water guide surface of the guide member can be suppressed.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to enhance the rainwater squeezing performance, and it is possible to allow foreign matter to fall below the guide member through the opening provided in the guide member, thereby reducing foreign matter adhering to the water guide surface. Can do.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a drainage structure of a road where the grating lid of the present invention is used, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the drainage structure. The road shown in FIG. 1 has a running water gradient in which the road surface inclines downward toward the outer side in the transverse direction (the outer side in the left-right direction in FIG. 1), and the road surface is downstream in the longitudinal direction (the lower side in FIG. 1). It has a running water gradient that slopes downward toward Further, on this road, longitudinal side grooves 10a and 10b in the longitudinal direction are provided on both the left and right sides, and a transverse groove 11 is provided in the transverse direction so as to connect the longitudinal side grooves 10a and 10b. And the grating lid 1 in which the rain water squeezing function is strengthened is fitted in the upper opening of the groove block 2 constituting the longitudinal grooves 10a and 10b and the transverse groove 11 in a continuous state in the longitudinal direction of the groove. . In addition, the arrow U of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is the upstream of the flow direction of the rainwater which flows through a road, and the arrow D has shown the downstream.

In FIG. 2, the groove block 2 includes a concrete block main body 13, a pair of grating frames 14 and 14 embedded in the upper portion of the block main body 13 so as to face each other, and the grating frames 14 and 14. A grating lid 1 fitted inside is provided.
The grating frame 14 is made of a frame material having an L-shaped cross section, and is fixed to each of the upper both edges of the groove of the block body 13 so that the upper edge surface thereof coincides with the running water surface 6 including the surface of the block body 13. ing. The grating lid 1 is made of a steel plate lattice member formed in a rectangular shape that substantially fits between both inner surfaces of the opposing grating frame 14, and the upper edge surface of the grating lid 1 coincides with the surface of the block body 13. 14 and 14 are fitted.

  The grating lid 1 includes a plurality of main bars 15 extending in the water flow direction on the flowing water surface 6 and a plurality of cross bars 16 extending in the transverse direction intersecting (orthogonal) with the flow direction so as to connect the main bars 15 to each other. And a side bar 24 that connects the end portions of the main bars 15 in the longitudinal direction, and the grating lid 1 is formed in a lattice shape as a whole. The main bar 15 and the side bar 24 are made of flat steel, and the cross bar 16 is made of a prismatic steel bar. In addition, the structure of bar members, such as the grating lid | cover 1 and the main bar 15 which are shown in figure, is an example, Comprising: It does not limit to this embodiment.

  In FIG. 2, the end opening 28 between the side bar 24 on the upstream side in the flow direction and the next most upstream cross bar 16 a located downstream is the opening on the upstream side in the flow direction in the grating lid 1. Thus, in this end opening 28, the penetration of rainwater flowing from the upstream flowing water surface 6 is enhanced. Specifically, in order to drop rainwater downward from the end opening 28, the guide member 17 inclined downward from the side bar 24 on the upstream side in the flow direction to the pair of main bars 15, 15 is provided. It is extended. The guide member 17 in FIG. 2 is formed of a plate member.

  3, 4, and 5 are a perspective view, a plan view, and a front view showing the guide member 17 provided between the main bars 15, 15. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. In these drawings, the upper surface of the guide member 17 is a water guide surface 17a that flows along rainwater, and this water guide surface 17a is inclined downwardly more than the water flow gradient of the water flow surface 6 (see FIG. 2). Yes. Even if the flowing water flowing into the grating lid 1 by the guide member 17 becomes a jet, the water can be actively dropped downward.

  Further, since the guide member 17 made of a plate-like member is bent at the intermediate portion thereof, a bent portion 22a is formed at the intermediate portion in the flow direction of the water guide surface 17a. Accordingly, in FIG. 6, the water guide surface 17 a has a first gradient surface 26 whose inclination angle formed with the grating upper surface (main bar upper surface) 19 is θ <b> 1, and a different slope on the downstream side of the first gradient surface 26. And a second gradient surface 27 having an angle θ2. The first gradient surface 26 is a surface that is inclined downward straight from the upper end of the side bar 24 (see FIG. 2), and the second gradient surface 27 has a larger inclination angle than the first gradient surface 26. (Θ2> θ1), a surface that is inclined straight down from the downstream end of the first gradient surface 26.

  And this guide member 17 has the opening part 18 in the middle part of the flow direction. The opening 18 allows foreign matter falling on the water guide surface 17 a to fall below the guide member 17. The opening 18 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is formed as a long hole penetrating from the water guide surface 17 a that is the upper surface of the guide member 17 to the lower surface. The opening 18 is formed across the first gradient surface 26 and the second gradient surface 27, and the center position of the opening 18 in the flow direction exists on the line of the bent portion 22 a.

The opening 18 is provided at the center of the guide member 17. In the guide member 17, the upstream inclined portion 20, the downstream inclined portion 21, and a lateral direction that is a direction orthogonal to the flow direction. The inclined portions (side inclined portions) 22 and 22 on both sides are left. The upstream inclined portion 20 and the downstream inclined portion 21 have the same width as the entire width of the guide member 17, and form a short water channel having a rectangular cross section with the side wall surfaces of the main bars 15, 15 on both sides. ing. Further, each of the side inclined portions 22 and 22 forms a short water channel having an L-shaped cross section with the side wall surface of the side main bar 15, and both the short water channels face each other to form one water channel. .
Since the inclined portions 20, 21, 22, and 22 are left on the guide member 17, the rainwater that has flowed to the grating lid 1 becomes a flow stuck to the inclined portions 20, 21, 22, and 22. It can flow along the inclined portions 20, 21, 22, 22. Therefore, even if the opening 18 is provided in the guide member 17, it is possible to prevent the rainwater squeezing performance from greatly deteriorating.

  The flow of rainwater on the water guide surface 17a of the guide member 17 will be further described. First, the rainwater flowing on the running water surface 6 is guided downward along the upper surface of the inclined portion 20 on the upstream side of the guide member 17. At this time, in the entire width of the inclined portion 20 between the pair of adjacent main bars 15, 15, the rainwater flows on the upper surface of the inclined portion 20.

The rainwater that has passed through the upper surface of the upstream inclined portion 20 is guided downward along the upper surfaces of the both side inclined portions 22 and 22. At this time, the upper surface of the upstream inclined portion 20 and the upstream portions of the upper surfaces of the side inclined portions 22 and 22 (portions corresponding to the first gradient surface 26) are continuous straight surfaces. Therefore, rainwater that has passed through the upper surface of the inclined portion 20 on the upstream side has the opening 18 between the side inclined portions 22 and 22, but in the state of the flow, the side inclined portions 22 and 22 It is guided downward along the upper surface. And it becomes the flow which rain water stuck to each upper surface of the side inclination parts 22 and 22, and flows into the inclination part 21 of a downstream side.
In this side inclined portion 22, there is a bent portion 22a at the intermediate portion in the flow direction, but since the bent angle is small, rainwater that has passed through the upstream side portion of the side inclined portion 22 is inclined sideways. It can flow along the downstream portion of the portion 22 (the portion corresponding to the second inclined surface 27).

And the rainwater which passed the upper surface of the side inclination parts 22 and 22 is guide | induced below along the upper surface of the inclination part 21 of a downstream side. At this time, the downstream portion of the upper surface of the side inclined portions 22 and 22 (the portion corresponding to the second gradient surface 27) and the upper surface of the downstream inclined portion 21 are continuous straight surfaces. The rainwater that has passed through the upper surfaces of the side inclined portions 22 and 22 is guided downward along the upper surface of the downstream inclined portion 21 in the state of flow. Then, the rainwater flows on the upper surface of the inclined portion 21 on the downstream side, and then the rainwater falls from the guide member 17.
Thus, even when the opening 18 is provided in the guide member 17, it can flow on the water guide surface 17 a of the guide member 17 as a flow in which rainwater sticks. The part 20, the inclined part 21 on the downstream side, and the inclined parts 22 and 22 on both sides are required.

  The length L in the flow direction of the opening 18 is preferably set to 80% or less of the length K in the flow direction of the guide member 17. These length dimensions L and K are the lengths in the direction along the upper surface 19 of the grating lid 1 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. If the length L of the opening 18 exceeds 80%, the opening area becomes too large, and the flow of rainwater may not be smooth. In addition, what is necessary is just to set the minimum about the length dimension L of the opening part 18 so that a foreign material can fall.

  Furthermore, the width dimension B in the lateral direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the opening 18 is preferably set to 60% or less of the width dimension E of the guide member 17 (the distance between the side walls of the main bar 15). When the width dimension B of the opening 18 exceeds 60%, the area of the upper surfaces of the side inclined portions 22 and 22 becomes small at the intermediate portion in the flow direction of the guide member 17, and the rainwater flows to the upper surface. It is difficult and the flow of rainwater may not be smooth. In addition, what is necessary is just to set the minimum of the width dimension B of the opening part 18 so that a foreign material can fall.

Next, the result of the water penetration performance test with the grating lid 1 (FIGS. 3 to 6) having the opening 18 in the guide member 17 is shown in FIG. The test results in FIG. 7 show the relationship between the gradient (%) of the flowing water surface 6 (see FIG. 2) and the water drop rate (%) in the grating lid at that time. The drop rate (%) is (water fall amount) / (water inflow amount) × 100, and the water inflow amount is 4 L / sec.
In the embodiment, the length dimension K in the flow direction of the guide member 17 is 100 mm, and the length dimension L in the flow direction of the opening 18 is 70 mm. The width dimension E of the guide member 17 is 29 mm, the width dimension B of the opening 18 is 17 mm, and the opening 18 is formed at the center of the guide member 17 in both the flow direction and the width direction. The results of the examples are indicated by ◯. In addition, although the dimension of a guide member is the same as an Example, the grating lid which does not form the opening part in all the guide members is made into the comparative example, and the result is shown by ●. Moreover, the result by the grating lid | cover which is not provided with the guide member at all as a prior art example is shown by x.

  According to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the example (◯) having the opening 18 exhibits the same water penetration performance as the comparative example (●) having no opening. That is, even if it has the opening part 18, the stagnation performance of water is not reduced significantly. In contrast, in the conventional example (x), it can be seen that, particularly when the gradient is increased, the water becomes a diagonal flow and the drop rate is greatly reduced. That is, according to the embodiment, even if the flowing water becomes a jet, the water can be dropped downward, and a good drop rate can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the grating lid 1 of the present invention, the rain water can be actively guided and flowed downward by the guide member 17, and the rain water penetration performance in the grating lid 1 can be enhanced. And since this guide member 17 has the opening part 18, the foreign material which falls on the water conveyance surface 17a can be dropped below the guide member 17 through this opening part 18. FIG. Therefore, the foreign material adhering on the water conveyance surface 17a can be reduced, and accumulation of a foreign material can be suppressed. This maintains good rainwater penetration performance over a long period of time.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the grating lid of the present invention. In the grating lid 1 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, a through hole is formed in the center of the plate-like member, and the through holes are opened by fixing both side edges to the side wall surface of the main bar 15. The grating lid 1 is constituted by a portion 18 and a plate-like member as a guide member 17. On the other hand, in FIG. 8, one end portion 31a has a vertical rib 31 having the same cross section as the main bar 15 of the grating lid 1, and a mounting member having a horizontal rib 32 formed so as to protrude from both side surfaces of the vertical rib 31 to both sides. The finished product of the grating lid 1 can be obtained by forming a plurality of 30 and attaching these attachment members 30 to the main body 35 for the grating lid by welding or the like.

The horizontal rib 32 extends along the side wall surface of the vertical rib 31 from one end 31a to the other end 31b of the vertical rib 31, and the upper surface of the vertical rib 31 from the other end 31b to the one end 31a. Is inclined downward. The lateral rib 31 has a U-shaped notch 33 at the center in the longitudinal direction.
The main body 35 includes a main bar 15, a cross bar 16, and a side bar 24 similar to the grating lid 1 of FIG. 2, but a part of the main bar 15 on the upstream side in the flow direction is missing by a predetermined dimension. ing.

  Then, the attachment member 30 is attached to the main body portion 35 so that the upper surface of the vertical rib 31 of the attachment member 30 is flush with the upper surface of the main bar 15 where a part of the main body portion 35 is missing. Thereby, the vertical rib 31 of the mounting member 30 functions as a part of the main bar 15 of the grating lid 1 continuously to the main bar 15 in which the main body portion 35 is partially missing, and the horizontal rib 32 of the mounting member 30. Becomes the guide member 17 together with the lateral rib 32 of the other mounting member 30 adjacent thereto, and the notch 33 formed in the lateral rib 32 together with the notch 33 of the lateral rib 32 of another adjacent mounting member 30. Opening 18 is formed.

Also in this embodiment, the opening 18 is formed at the center of the guide member 17 constituted by two adjacent lateral ribs 32 and 32. In the guide member 17, the upstream inclined portion 20, the downstream inclined portion 21, and both lateral inclined portions 22, 22 are left.
As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the upper surface of the lateral rib 32 that protrudes laterally from the longitudinal rib 31 that becomes the main bar 15 is the water guide surface 17 a of the guide member 17, and the notch 33 of the lateral rib 32 The grating lid 1 is an opening 18 formed in the guide member 17.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modification of the mounting member 30 provided in the grating lid 1 shown in FIG. This mounting member 30 also includes vertical ribs 31 and horizontal ribs 32, and a notch 33 is formed at the center of the horizontal rib 32. In the mounting member 30, the boundary surface between the vertical rib 31 and the horizontal rib 32 is an arc surface, and the projecting portions 32a and 32b at one end and the other end of the horizontal rib 32 have an arc surface. Is different from that shown in FIG.
As described above, in the embodiment of the grating lid provided with the attachment member 30 of FIG. 9, the upper surface of the horizontal rib 32 protruding from the vertical rib 31 serving as the main bar is the water guide surface 17 a of the guide member 17. The notch 33 is the opening 18 formed in the guide member 17.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the road drainage structure of the present invention includes a grating frame 14 embedded in the road so that the upper edge surface is flush with the running water surface 6 of the road, and the running water surface 6. And a grating lid 1 fitted inside the grating frame 14 so as to be flush with each other. Since the grating lid 1 includes the guide member 17 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, even when the flowing water is in a diagonal flow state on the flowing water surface 6, the grating lid 1 actively takes in the flowing water. be able to. Thereby, drainage performance can be improved. And the foreign material falling on the guide member 17 can be dropped below the guide member 17 through the opening 18 which the guide member 17 has. Therefore, the foreign material adhering on the water conveyance surface 17a can be reduced, and accumulation of a foreign material can be suppressed. Thereby, it is possible to maintain good rainwater penetration performance over a long period of time.

  In addition, the grating lid of the present invention is not limited to the form shown in the figure, and may be of other forms within the scope of the present invention, and the member constituting the grating lid has been described as a steel plate-like member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the grating lid may be made of cast metal or plastic.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the opening 18 formed in the guide member 17 of the grating lid of the present invention is not limited to one hole but may be a plurality of holes. The shape is not limited to an ellipse, and may be other shapes such as a circle or a rectangle. That is, as shown in FIG. 10A, a plurality of circular holes may be formed with an interval in the flow direction of the guide member 17 (at equal intervals), or as shown in FIG. A plurality of slit-shaped holes may be formed side by side in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the guide member 17. Furthermore, as another form, although not illustrated, a plurality of small holes may be randomly formed in the guide member, or a plurality of slit-shaped holes may be formed by narrowing. Moreover, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10C, the mesh 40 may be provided in the opening (hole) 18.
And also in the form which made the some hole the opening part 18, as shown to FIG. 10 (a) (b), these some holes are the inclination part 20 of the upstream in the guide member 17, and the downstream side. It is preferable to be provided in the center part of the guide member 17 leaving the inclined part 21 and the side inclined parts 22 and 22. That is, it is preferable to form a plurality of holes in the central portion of the guide member 17.

It is a top view which shows the drainage structure of the road where the grating lid | cover of this invention is used. It is a perspective view which shows the drainage structure of a road. It is a perspective view which shows the guide member provided between main bars. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing in the AA of FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of the water penetration performance test. It is explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment of the grating lid | cover of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the attachment member with which the grating lid | cover of FIG. 8 is provided. It is a top view which shows the modification of the opening part which the guide member of the grating lid of this invention has.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grating cover 6 Flowing water surface 14 Grating frame 15 Main bar 16 Cross bar 17 Guide member 17a Water transfer surface 18 Opening part 20 Inclined part on the upstream side 21 Inclined part on the downstream side 22 Inclined part on the side 24 Side bar

Claims (3)

A plurality of main bars extending in the direction of water flow on the surface of the flowing water, a plurality of cross bars extending in the transverse direction intersecting the flow direction to connect the main bars to each other, and longitudinal ends of the main bars And a sidebar connecting the
In the grating lid in which a guide member having a water guide surface inclined more greatly than a water flow gradient of the water flow surface extends from the side bar on the upstream side in the flow direction to the main bar,
The grating lid according to claim 1, wherein the guide member has an opening for allowing foreign matter falling on the water guide surface to fall below the guide member.   The said opening part is provided in the center part of the said guide member, leaving the upstream inclination part in the said guide member, a downstream inclination part, and the said horizontal inclination part. Grating lid.   A grating frame embedded in a road so that an upper edge surface is flush with a running water surface, and a grating according to claim 1 or 2 fitted into the grating frame so as to be flush with the running water surface. And a drainage structure for a road.

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