JP2007110933A - Intermittent cultivation method and raising-seedling bed panel for intermittent cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an intermittent cultivation method causing no root rot on seedlings and the like without using any circulation method: and to provide a raising-seedling bed panel for intermittent cultivation. <P>SOLUTION: The intermittent cultivation method comprises using a raising-seedling bed panel 1 made of synthetic resin, having lattice-like water passages composed of a plurality pieces of grooves 3a, 3b intersecting to one another at the surface of a rectangular support board and provided with supporting parts 11 at respective intersecting points 6 of the lattice-like water passages, and a plurality of raising seedling pots which are disposed on the supporting parts 11 and have a water supply port at its bottom part; and intermittently supplying culturing solution into passages in such a degree as to make the bottom part of the raising seedling pot soak in the solution, in predetermined timing to grow the seedlings or others planted in the raising seedling pot. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation method and a nursery bed panel for hydroponics, and is particularly applicable to small-scale horticulture hydroponics to large-scale hydroponics, and can be economically and economically hydroponically cultivated. The present invention relates to a type cultivation method and a nursery floor panel for intermittent cultivation.

  Hydroponics is a culture solution that contains nutrients without using soil in the house, and since it can produce pesticide-free vegetables and flowers all year round regardless of the season or weather, it is now possible to start gardening on a personal scale. It has spread to large-scale agriculture. Examples of vegetables include radish, green soybeans, sunny lettuce, watercress, spinach, salad vegetables, chingensai, komatsuna, becana, kidney beans, hagina, cherry tomatoes, etc. It is also used for raising seedlings such as strawberries and sweet potatoes. In flower buds, hyacinth, narcissus, crocus, saffron, tulip, cactus and so on are used for breeding.

  Conventionally, what is generally carried out as hydroponics is said to be a liquid circulation type as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, and a nursery bed is placed in a large aquarium containing a culture solution. Floating and supporting a seedling pot in which seedlings were planted, the culture solution was circulated with a pump all the time. In this apparatus, as shown in FIG. 10, a hydroponics bed 93 on which a seedling device 92 in which seeded seedling pots 91 are integrally shaped is placed is fluidly circulated while storing a culture solution at an appropriate depth. In one end, a culture medium supply unit 96 is formed at one end, and a weir 97 and a drain port 99 are formed at the other end to overflow the culture medium. A support bar 98 that fits and supports the separating groove 95 of the seedling raising device 92 is appropriately partitioned and formed. A culture medium tank 100 is provided below the hydroponic cultivation floor 93. The culture medium is supplied to the upper part by a pump 103 which is supported and attached to a support column 101 protruding integrally from the tank. Pumped to part 96. Reference numeral 104 denotes a pipe for pumping up.

  In addition, there is a conventional method in which a culture solution is applied over a seedling to be cultivated instead of submerged cultivation, but this method tends to cause diseases in the crop. The reason for this is that when water is directly applied to a wound or the like of a leaf of a seedling, mold is generated, or bacteria contained in water enter from this wound, and the crop is spoiled. For this reason, as a method for supplying the culture solution, a liquid recirculation type is often used rather than pouring.

  More recently, a hydroponic device capable of bottom irrigation as disclosed in Patent Document 2 below is also disclosed. This apparatus is a hydroponic apparatus 111 for mat-like seedlings for use in mechanical transplanting of paddy rice as shown in FIG. 11, and is used for cultivation of flowers, vegetables and the like in addition to raising seedlings of mat-like seedlings. In order to be able to do so, it is provided with a seedling bed 113 on which a plurality of seedling bed materials 112 are arranged and spread. The nursery bed 113 has a flat surface as a whole, and a part thereof forms a water flow surface 115 having a large number of water flow holes 114, and has a concave groove shape opened on the upper surface corresponding to the lower surface of the water flow surface 115. By arranging the water channel structure 116, it is possible to cope with both the irrigation of the sink water supply system and the bottom irrigation for the seedling raising part 118. The seedling bed 113 is provided with a component frame in the front-rear direction, and a plurality of divided component frames are connected and integrated in the width direction. This apparatus is equipped with a water supply type irrigation device 119 for irrigating from the upper surface of the seedling bed 113, 120 is a pump of the water supply system, 121 is a water supply valve, 122 is a transition holding overflow port, 123 is a water distribution pipe, and 124 is It is a water tank.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-131529 (FIG. 1, page 2) JP 2002-34364 A (FIG. 1, [0005], [0006], [0023])

However, in the conventional hydroponic cultivation technology as described above, a large aquarium is used, so the amount of the culture solution to be used is large, and a large-scale culture solution circulation facility is required. Maintenance costs also increase.
In addition, since the seedling pot is always immersed in the culture solution, the pump must always be operated and the culture solution must be circulated so that the seedling does not cause root rot.

  As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the inventor of the present application makes the supply of the culture liquid intermittent as a cultivation method, and supplies the culture liquid from the bottom of a seedling pot in which seedlings are planted. Thus, the inventors have found that the above problem can be solved, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an intermittent cultivation method and a nursery floor panel for intermittent cultivation without using a circulation method and without causing root rot of seedlings and the like.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an intermittent cultivation method and a nursery bed panel for intermittent cultivation, which can reduce the amount of culture solution used and can be maintained at low cost such as electricity bill.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application has a lattice water channel composed of a plurality of grooves intersecting the surface of a rectangular support plate, and supports means at each intersection of the lattice water channel. A seedling floor panel made of a synthetic resin provided with a plurality of seedling pots having a water supply port at the bottom portion disposed on the supporting means, and the bottom of the seedling pot is immersed in the culture solution in the water channel A seedling planted in the seedling pot is grown by intermittently performing the supplying process at a predetermined timing.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 is the intermittent cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the step of supplying the culture solution is such that the amount of the culture solution supplied into the water channel is at the bottom of the seedling pot. It is characterized in that it is performed at a timing that is reduced to a position where it does not touch.

  In addition, the invention according to claim 3 is the intermittent cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of supplying the culture solution has already been stored in the water channel. It is performed after discharging the culture solution in the water channel.

  The invention of the nursery floor panel for intermittent cultivation according to claim 4 is characterized in that each intersection of a grid-like water channel composed of a plurality of intersecting grooves formed on a synthetic resin support plate having a predetermined lateral width, length and thickness. And a support means for supporting a seedling pot having a water supply port at the bottom, and a culture water supply / drain port communicating with the water channel is provided on a side wall or a bottom surface of the support plate.

  The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that in the intermittently growing nursery floor panel according to 1 or 4, the cross section of the groove of the nursery bed panel is substantially V-shaped. Term.

  In addition, the invention described in claim 6 is the intermittently cultivated nursery floor panel according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the supporting means is formed to support the seedling pot vertically or obliquely. It is characterized by being.

  In addition, in the invention according to claim 7, in the nursery floor panel for intermittent cultivation according to claim 1 or 4, is the portion surrounded by the plurality of grooves of the nursery bed panel formed thin? Or, it has a hollow structure.

  Further, the invention according to claim 8 is the intermittent-type cultivation nursery panel according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a side wall of the support plate is formed with a connection hole communicating with the groove, A plurality of the seedling panels can be connected through the connection holes.

  In addition, the invention according to claim 9 is the intermittently cultivated nursery floor panel according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the bottom of each intersection of the water channel is raised upward from the bottom connecting the intersections. It is characterized by.

  According to the invention according to claim 1 of the present application, the seedlings in the seedling pot suck up the culture solution from the bottom of the seedling pot by supplying the culture solution to the water channel at a predetermined timing so as to touch the bottom surface of the seedling pot. However, due to the suction and natural evaporation from the water surface, the bottom surface of the seedling pot does not come into contact with the culture solution after a predetermined time. Thereby, while sufficient water supply is carried out to seedlings etc., the root rot which arises by being immersed in a culture solution for a long time is prevented well. In addition, since the culture solution is intermittently supplied, energy for circulating the culture solution is not always required as in the circulation type, so that the electricity cost can be reduced. Further, since it is not necessary to constantly convection the culture solution in the water tank, the culture solution itself can be saved.

  Further, according to the invention according to claim 2 of the present application, since the culture solution is not supplied until the seedling pot is not in contact with the culture solution, the number of times of supply can be reduced, and it is not always immersed in the culture solution. , Can effectively prevent root rot.

  According to the invention of claim 3 of the present application, when the culture solution is supplied, since the culture solution already in the water channel is once discharged, the culture solution supplied to the seedlings and the like is always new. So there is no worry about adversely affecting seedlings.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 4 of this application, since the nursery-bed panel for intermittent cultivation is an inexpensive material and can be formed with a simple shape and structure, it can be provided at a low cost. In addition, it is a structure suitable for the intermittent water supply cultivation method, and since it is a culture fluid circulation facility, it has an economical structure that can use less power and culture fluid, and the culture fluid is used up and is not wasted. Maintenance costs are reduced.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 5 of this application, since the cross section of the groove | channel of the nursery floor panel was made into the substantially V shape in the seedling floor panel for intermittent bottom surface water supply cultivation, it can reduce the culture solution to be used. In addition, in the intermittent bottom water supply cultivation, the culture solution is used up, and there is no waste and the maintenance cost is reduced.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 6 of this application, since it is formed so that the support of a seedling pot may support the seedling pot diagonally in the seedling floor panel for intermittent bottom surface water supply cultivation, the culture solution of a pot In addition to fast water supply, for example, in the case of raising strawberry seedlings, there is an additional effect that split growth is good after the seedlings are planted in the main field.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 7 of this application, since the part surrounded by the groove | channel is a thin-walled or hollow structure in the nursery-bed panel for intermittent bottom surface water-feeding cultivation, material cost is reduced. It is possible to provide an inexpensive panel that can be saved.

  Further, according to the invention according to claim 8 of the present application, the number of nursery bed panels can be easily increased by connecting a plurality of intermittent raising nursery floor panels with connecting holes.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 9 of this application, when the bottom part corresponding to each intersection of the waterway of the seedling floor panel for intermittent bottom surface water supply cultivation has raised, the retention of a culture solution is raise | generated in the part. Since there is no, it can prevent root rot of seedlings.

  Hereinafter, specific examples of the intermittent cultivation method and the nursery bed for intermittent cultivation according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the Example shown below illustrates the intermittent cultivation method and the nursery bed panel for intermittent cultivation for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and intends to specify the present invention to these. It is equally applicable to other things within the scope of the claims.

  1 is a plan view of a nursery bed panel used in the intermittent bottom-side water supply cultivation method according to Example 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a cultivation apparatus that realizes the intermittent bottom-side water supply cultivation method, FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged plan view of the nursery bed panel of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the seedling pot to the seedling raising panel shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a cross section which shows the use condition of the intersection part of the seedling raising floor panel used for the intermittent bottom water supply cultivation method which concerns on other Example 2. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the intersection portion of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the nursery bed panel.

  The intermittent cultivation method of the present embodiment uses a nursery bed panel 1 using a rectangular support plate 2 having a predetermined lateral width, length and thickness and made of a synthetic resin. A plurality of grooves 3a and 3b extending in the vertical and horizontal directions are formed on the surface of the support plate 2 body, and these form a lattice-like water channel 5, and a seedling pot 7 is supported at an intersection 6 of the plurality of grooves 3a and 3b. A support portion 11 is provided. Then, the seedling pot 7 is inserted into the support portion 11 and the seedling planted in the seedling pot 7 is grown by supplying a culture solution into the water channel 5 of the seedling floor panel 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the nursery floor panel 1 used in this intermittent cultivation method is composed of, for example, a polystyrene foam having a predetermined lateral width, length, and thickness such as a width of 90 cm, a length of 120 cm, and a thickness of 10 cm. A seedling made of a protrusion formed so as to surround the intersection 6 portion at the intersection 6 of the grid-like water channel 5 composed of the vertical and horizontal grooves 3a and 3b formed on the surface of the rectangular support plate 2 made of resin. A support 11 for the pot 7 is provided. Further, for example, a plurality of nursery bed panels 1 comprising these support plates 2 are placed on an elevated floor base 8 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the seedling pot 7 has a trunk portion 7 a and a bottom portion 7 b that are integrally formed, and the trunk portion 7 a may be provided with corrugated irregularities, and the upper edge of the nursery pot 7 protrudes laterally. Further, a flange 7c for fixing the pot 7 for reinforcing and raising the seedling is formed. The bottom surface 7b of the seedling pot 7 is formed with one or a plurality of water supply holes and ventilation holes of appropriate sizes so that the seedling can continue to grow in the container. The seedling pot 7 is filled with culture soil, and seedlings 9 such as strawberries are planted.

  Hydroponics basically does not use soil, but cultivates flower buds and vegetables artificially under aggressive control with a culture solution containing nutrients in water. In the water supply cultivation method, a pot containing culture soil is used, and water supply is performed intermittently when necessary or by irrigation from a water supply / drain port 4 provided on the side wall or bottom surface. In this embodiment, water supply from the bottom surface is adopted, and intermittently performed only when necessary in order to avoid root rot. In addition, in the present invention, the culture solution can be automatically supplied each time the culture solution is reduced by automatically supplying the amount calculated by the size (cross-sectional area, length) of the water channel and the depth of the solution. As a result, it is possible to save the user's trouble and greatly reduce the amount of use since there is no need to use a waste culture solution.

  Further, if a plurality of the nursery floor panels 1 are placed on the elevated floor base 8 and connected using the connecting holes 10 provided on the side walls of the nursery floor panel 1, the nursery floor panel 1 can be easily adapted according to the number of seedlings to be raised. It is not necessary to increase the number of water supply pumps 12 and water storage tanks 13 for supplying the culture solution. In the present embodiment, the culture solution is supplied using the water supply pump 12 and the water storage tank 13, but this is not always necessary, and it is necessary when the culture solution is lost in the water channel and irrigation is required. The same effect can be obtained simply by pouring an amount of the culture solution in a bucket.

  A nursery floor panel 1 for intermittent cultivation according to the present embodiment is a support plate 2 of a foamed synthetic resin having a rectangular shape having a width of 90 cm, a length of 120 cm, and a thickness of 10 cm, from the end face to the grooves 3a and 3b. The distance was 5 cm, and 9 grooves 3 a extending in the length direction and 12 grooves 3 b intersecting in the lateral direction were provided at intervals of 10 cm. As shown in FIG. 3, support portions 11 are provided at a total of 108 intersections 6 in the grid-like water channel 5 so that the seedling pots 7 are supported respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, raised protrusions are provided around the holes of the intersections 6 as support parts 11 for the seedling pot, and these protrusions support the flange 7 c of the seedling pot 7. The cross section of the groove 3 of the nursery bed panel 1 may be rectangular, but as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable to use a substantially V shape because the amount of the culture solution to be used can be further reduced.

  It should be noted that the bottom of the intersection 6 of the water channel 5 is formed with a protrusion 14 protruding upward by a predetermined length so that the depth thereof becomes shallow so that the culture solution does not stay in the bottom portion of the seedling pot 7. It is also preferable. By doing so, the waste liquid at the bottom of the intersection 6 becomes smooth, and the culture solution does not convect at this position for a long time, so that it is difficult to cause root rot by the culture solution.

  Further, the nursery bed panel 1 is formed with a uniform thickness except for the water channel 5, but the resin of the island portion 15 surrounded by the water channel 5 is recessed on the back side to save material, and the necessary strength is obtained. It may be formed thin enough to be kept. Further, if a resin capable of obtaining the required strength is used, it may be a lattice-like structure formed by connecting vertical and horizontal ridges with the island portion 15 of the nursery bed panel 1 as a hollow structure.

  This nursery bed panel is formed and manufactured by using polystyrene foam or the like. As a material for the nursery bed panel, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, biopolymer, biodegradable polymer and the like are used in addition to the expanded polystyrene. And the water supply / drain hole is provided with a required water channel at the time of integral molding of the material of a nursery-bed panel. In addition, a water supply facility is provided on one side integrally with the water storage container to supply water. It is preferable that the opening can be easily opened if necessary at the portion of the connecting portion to be connected to the next panel if necessary.

The intermittent cultivation method according to the present embodiment using the nursery bed panel having the above-described configuration will be described below.
First, a seedling pot 7 in which seedlings and the like are planted is inserted and arranged at the intersection 6 of the nursery floor panel 1. At this time, the depth of the grooves 3a and 3b provided in the nursery bed panel is deeper than the length of the seedling pot 7, and when the seedling pot 7 is inserted into the intersection 6 and supported by the support portion 11, the groove 3a A predetermined gap is formed between the bottom of 3b (strictly, the upper surface of the protrusion 14) and the bottom of the seedling pot 7.

  In the state where the seedling pot 7 is disposed, the culture solution is supplied from the water supply / drain port 4 by the water supply pump 12. The amount of the culture solution supplied here is such that the culture solution slightly touches the bottom surface of the seedling pot 7 when stored in the grooves 3a and 3b.

  When the supply of the predetermined amount of culture solution is completed, the feed water pump 12 is stopped. In this state, the culture solution is sucked into the seedling pot 7 from a water supply port (not shown) provided at the bottom of the seedling pot 7.

  When the amount of the culture solution in the water channel 5 is reduced by being sucked into the seedling pot 7 as described above or evaporated from the surface of the culture solution, and the water surface is separated from the bottom surface of the seedling pot 7, the water supply pump again To supply the culture solution. This timing is set in advance using a timer or the like. In addition, when supplying the culture solution for the second and subsequent times, if the culture solution already present in the water channel is discharged before supplying the culture solution, a new culture solution is always supplied to the seedling pot 7, and the culture solution is supplied. Root rotting of seedlings and the like due to can be prevented well. The culture solution is supplied a plurality of times until the seedlings grow to a predetermined size.

  In Example 1 above, the support part 11 of the seedling pot at the intersection 6 on the water channel 5 is formed so as to support the seedling pot 7 vertically as shown in FIG. 6, but as shown in FIG. You may form so that it may support diagonally. Therefore, hereinafter, a nursery bed panel that holds the nursery pot 7 at an angle will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the nursery floor panel 1 ′ according to the present embodiment is formed in an elliptical shape with the intersection 6 ′ extending to one of the grooves 3 a ′ or 3 b ′, for example, and the slope is gently formed. The support means 11 ′ of the seedling pot 7 is provided only on the slope side of the intersection 6, and the upper part thereof is an inclined surface with a height difference. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, when the seedling pot 7 is held obliquely, the roots of the seedling 9 lie down sideways, so that the culture solution is absorbed faster than when the seedling pot 7 is held vertically. Furthermore, in raising strawberry seedlings, since the roots grow in one direction, there is an additional effect that split growth is good after the seedlings are planted in the main field.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the nursery bed panel, in which grooves are crossed obliquely. In other respects, it is substantially the same as the nursery bed panel 1 of the first embodiment, so the same symbols are attached and the description is omitted. Compared to FIG. 1, this nursery floor panel 1A requires a larger amount of culture liquid because the area of the water channel is increased. However, it can be greatly reduced compared to a liquid circulation type using a water tank, and the four corners of the panel can be reduced. Since it can be used for water supply and drainage, the intersection 6 can be arranged at high density.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings. If the intermittent cultivation method and the nursery bed panel for intermittent cultivation as described above are used, the equipment cost can be reduced by supplying an inexpensive panel, and the culture solution to be used can be reduced. Maintenance costs are low. Furthermore, the electricity bill is reduced by using the intermittent supply of the culture solution.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a nursery bed panel used in the intermittent bottom water supply cultivation method according to Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a cultivation apparatus that realizes the intermittent bottom water supply cultivation method. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of the nursery bed panel of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a seedling pot is arranged on the seedling panel shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state of an intersection portion of another nursery bed panel. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the intersection portion of FIG. FIG. 9 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the nursery bed panel. FIG. 10 is a sectional side view of a conventional flooded hydroponics system facility. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional hydroponic device capable of bottom irrigation.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nursery floor panel 2 Rectangular support board 3a, 3b Groove 5 (Lattice-like) water channel 6 Intersection 7 Nursery pot 7a Body part 7b Bottom part 7c Flange 8 Elevated floor base 11 Support part 12 Water supply pump 13 Water tank 14 Projection part 15 Island part

Claims (9)

  A nursery bed panel made of a synthetic resin having a lattice water channel composed of a plurality of grooves intersecting the surface of a rectangular support plate and provided with a support means at each intersection of the lattice water channel, and disposed on the support means A plurality of seedling pots having a water supply port at the bottom to be supplied to the seedling pot by intermittently performing a step of supplying the culture solution into the water channel so that the bottom of the seedling pot is immersed An intermittent cultivation method characterized by growing planted seedlings and the like.   2. The intermittent operation according to claim 1, wherein the step of supplying the culture solution is performed at a timing when the amount of the culture solution supplied into the water channel decreases to a position where it does not touch the bottom of the seedling pot. Cultivation method.   3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of supplying the culture solution is performed after the culture solution in the water channel is discharged when the culture solution is already stored in the water channel. Intermittent cultivation method.   Provided with support means for supporting a seedling pot having a water supply port at the bottom at each intersection of a latticed water channel formed by a plurality of intersecting grooves formed on a support plate made of synthetic resin having a predetermined width, length and thickness A nursery bed for intermittent cultivation, characterized in that a culture water supply / drain port communicating with the water channel is provided on a side wall or a bottom surface of the support plate.   The cross section of the groove | channel of the said nursery-bed panel is substantially V-shaped, The nursery-bed panel for intermittent cultivation of Claim 1 or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said support means is formed so that this seedling pot may be supported vertically or diagonally, The seedling floor panel for intermittent cultivation of Claim 1 or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The nursery bed panel for intermittent cultivation according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a portion surrounded by the plurality of grooves of the nursery bed panel is formed thin or has a hollow structure. .   5. A connecting hole communicating with the groove is formed on a side wall of the support plate, and a plurality of the seedling-growing panels can be connected via the connecting hole. Nursery floor panels for intermittent cultivation as described.   The seedling floor panel for intermittent cultivation according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the bottom of each intersection of the water channel is raised upward from the bottom connecting the intersections.

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