JP2007103989A - Receiver - Google Patents
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- JP2007103989A JP2007103989A JP2005287241A JP2005287241A JP2007103989A JP 2007103989 A JP2007103989 A JP 2007103989A JP 2005287241 A JP2005287241 A JP 2005287241A JP 2005287241 A JP2005287241 A JP 2005287241A JP 2007103989 A JP2007103989 A JP 2007103989A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、骨伝導スピーカを用いた受話装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a receiver using a bone conduction speaker.
音情報を人の聴覚器官である内耳に伝達する受話装置には、音発生部(スピーカ)を成す振動体の相違により気導式と骨導式がある。気導式による受話器は、外耳道の入り口部にスピーカを当てて、外耳道、鼓膜を含む中耳伝音系を介して気導経由で音声情報を内耳へ伝達するように設計されている。 There are two types of receivers that transmit sound information to the inner ear, which is a human auditory organ, depending on the vibrator that forms the sound generation unit (speaker). The air-conducting type handset is designed to transmit sound information to the inner ear via the air conduction through the middle ear transmission system including the ear canal and the eardrum by placing a speaker at the entrance of the ear canal.
骨導式による受話器は、耳介近傍、下顎骨らの骨組織上の皮膚に振動子を圧着することにより骨組織を介して中耳伝音系を介さずに直接的に音声情報を内耳へ伝達するように設計されている。このような骨伝導受話装置が使用される目的は、主に中耳の機能が低下した場合の難聴者向けの補聴であるが、近年では健聴者に対しても騒音下で聴き取りやすい受話手段として活用され初めている。 A bone-conducted handset directly transmits voice information to the inner ear through the bone tissue without passing through the middle ear transmission system by pressing a transducer on the skin on the bone tissue near the auricle and mandible. Designed to communicate. The purpose of using such a bone conduction receiver is mainly for hearing aid for the hearing impaired when the function of the middle ear is deteriorated. Has begun to be utilized as.
気導式による受話器は汎用的に多く使用されているが、骨伝導式による受話器に関連する周知技術としては、例えば骨伝導スピーカを外耳道の入り口部以外の場所に置き、外耳道を開放したままで骨導音による音声情報の聴取ができる構造のものや骨伝導スピーカの振動面が耳介に当接するように形成された構造等が提案されている。このような受話装置は特許文献1或いは特許文献2に開示されている。 Air conduction type handsets are widely used in general, but as a well-known technology related to bone conduction type handsets, for example, a bone conduction speaker is placed in a place other than the entrance of the ear canal and the ear canal is left open. Proposals have been made of a structure in which sound information can be heard by bone conduction sound, a structure in which the vibration surface of the bone conduction speaker is in contact with the auricle, and the like. Such a receiver is disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2.
しかし、従来の骨伝導受話器においては、形状が大きく、重さも10g以上と重く、また、周波数特性などの音質面、電気信号から音声振動への変換効率あるいは頭部への装着性などの点で、すべてを満たすものは無く、実用面で問題があった。 However, the conventional bone conduction handset has a large shape and a weight as heavy as 10 g or more, and also in terms of sound quality such as frequency characteristics, conversion efficiency from electric signal to sound vibration or wearability on the head. There was nothing that met all, and there was a problem in practical use.
本発明は、このような問題点を解決すべく、音質的に優れ、変換効率が高く、装着性の良い低価格な骨導あるいは軟骨導式の受話装置を提供することを課題とする。 In order to solve such problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low-cost bone-conduction or cartilage-conduction receiving device that is excellent in sound quality, has high conversion efficiency, and is easy to wear.
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために、以下の手段を採用した。即ち、種々の実験を通じて骨伝導の振動入力部として耳珠近傍が最も敏感に音声を伝達できることを確認した上で、この耳珠部分に振動伝達部を当接する際に使用者にとって負担や圧迫感が少ないこと、さらに気導を閉鎖しないで聴取できること、低価格で供給できることをその要旨とする。 The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems. In other words, through various experiments, it has been confirmed that the vicinity of the tragus can transmit sound most sensitively as a vibration input unit for bone conduction, and the user feels a burden and pressure when the vibration transmission unit is brought into contact with the tragus portion. The main points are that there are few, that it can be heard without closing the air guide, and that it can be supplied at a low price.
本発明によれば、音響振動を発生する骨伝導スピーカ部と、該骨伝導スピーカ部が発生した音響振動を伝達する振動伝達部とからなる受話装置であって、前記骨伝導スピーカ部と前記振動伝達部とが機械的に結合し、耳甲介腔の窪みに納まり耳珠と対珠に当接可能な形状を有することを特徴とする受話装置が得られる。 According to the present invention, there is provided a receiving device including a bone conduction speaker unit that generates acoustic vibrations and a vibration transmission unit that transmits acoustic vibrations generated by the bone conduction speaker units, the bone conduction speaker unit and the vibrations. A receiving device is obtained that is mechanically coupled to the transmission unit and has a shape that fits in a depression in the concha cavity and can come into contact with the tragus and the cusp.
本発明による受話装置は、骨伝導スピーカから突出し、且つ結合している振動伝達部を耳珠近傍の顔面に当接できるように構成し、耳珠の軟骨を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための軟骨導経由による音伝達経路を利用できるので優れた音質が得られる。 The receiving device according to the present invention is configured so that a vibration transmitting portion protruding from and coupled to a bone conduction speaker can be brought into contact with the face near the tragus, and transmits audio information to the inner ear via the cartilage of the tragus. Therefore, an excellent sound quality can be obtained because the sound transmission path via the cartilage guide can be used.
また、本発明によれば、前記振動伝達部は、1以上の貫通孔を有する環状もしくは環状の一部が欠截した形状であることを特徴とする受話装置得られる。 Further, according to the present invention, there is obtained a receiving device characterized in that the vibration transmitting portion has an annular shape having one or more through holes or a shape in which a part of the annular shape is missing.
本発明による受話装置は、耳甲介腔を含む窪みに納まり、環形状若しくは環状の一部が欠截した形状とし、外耳道を塞がない耳介接触部を備えたので、装着性がよく、また、音声情報を発生して内耳へ伝達するための音発生部として、係る軟骨伝導経由による音伝達経路と共に、外耳道、中耳を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための気導経由による音伝達経路との両方を利用する双経路伝達機能をもつ構成とすることができる。 The earpiece according to the present invention fits in a recess including the concha cavity, has a ring shape or a shape in which a part of the ring is missing, and has an auricle contact portion that does not block the external auditory canal, so it is easy to wear, In addition, as a sound generation unit for generating sound information and transmitting it to the inner ear, sound generated by air conduction for transmitting sound information to the inner ear via the external auditory canal and the middle ear as well as the sound transmission path via the cartilage conduction. It can be set as the structure which has the dual path | route transmission function using both transmission paths.
そのため、一層明瞭度の良い自然な音質で音声聴取でき、従来に無く骨伝導式の基本機能についても充分に活かしきれるようになる。これは使用者にとって、従来の気導方式のイヤフォンと同じ感覚で使用できると同時に、外耳道は完全に解放されており周囲の音声を遮断されることがないので既存の受話装置にはなかった全く新しい機能の受話装置が実現できる。 Therefore, it is possible to listen to the sound with natural sound quality with better clarity, and it is possible to make full use of the basic function of the bone conduction type that has never existed before. This can be used for the user in the same way as a conventional air-conduction earphone, and at the same time, the external auditory canal is completely open and the surrounding voice is not blocked, so there is no such thing in the existing receiver. A receiver with a new function can be realized.
また、本発明によれば、前記骨伝導スピーカ部は、棒状を成し、その長手方向端部に前記振動伝達部が機械的に結合してなることを特徴とする受話装置が得られる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a receiving device characterized in that the bone conduction speaker portion has a rod shape, and the vibration transmitting portion is mechanically coupled to an end portion in the longitudinal direction.
本発明による受話装置は、骨伝導スピーカ部を長手方向の端部で支持することによって、効率の良い駆動ができる。 The receiver according to the present invention can be driven efficiently by supporting the bone conduction speaker portion at the end in the longitudinal direction.
さらに本発明によれば、前記骨伝導スピーカ部は、圧電素子と被覆部とからなり、前記被覆部は可撓性物質からなることを特徴とする受話装置が得られる。 Further, according to the present invention, there can be obtained a receiving device characterized in that the bone conduction speaker part is composed of a piezoelectric element and a covering part, and the covering part is made of a flexible substance.
本発明では、電気信号から音声振動への変換器として、圧電振動体を用いたので、変換効率すなわち能率が高いこと、さらに圧電素子の採用によってきわめて軽量でシンプルな構成が実現できる。 In the present invention, the piezoelectric vibrator is used as the converter from the electric signal to the sound vibration, so that the conversion efficiency, that is, the efficiency is high, and the adoption of the piezoelectric element makes it possible to realize a very light and simple configuration.
また、骨伝導スピーカ部は、圧電素子と可撓性物質とを複合した圧電振動体で構成することにより、人体の音響インピーダンスに近づけることが可能で、振動体の共振の鋭さQを低下させ周波数特性を平坦化することができる。 In addition, the bone conduction speaker unit can be made close to the acoustic impedance of the human body by being composed of a piezoelectric vibrating body that combines a piezoelectric element and a flexible material, thereby reducing the resonance sharpness Q of the vibrating body and reducing the frequency. The characteristics can be flattened.
加えて本発明によれば、前記骨伝導スピーカ部の被覆部と前記振動伝達部は可撓性物質にて一体成形して成ることを特徴とする受話装置が得られる。 In addition, according to the present invention, there is obtained a receiving device characterized in that the covering portion of the bone conduction speaker portion and the vibration transmitting portion are integrally formed of a flexible material.
さらに、骨伝導スピーカの被覆部材と、耳介接触部および支持部は全て同じ可撓性の物質で構成でき、一つの金型で一体成形できることにより、部品点数の削減、製作工数の削減につながり、この結果低価格の骨伝導受話装置が実現できる。 Furthermore, the bone conduction speaker covering member, the auricle contact part and the support part can all be made of the same flexible material, and can be integrally formed with a single mold, leading to a reduction in the number of parts and manufacturing man-hours. As a result, a low-cost bone conduction receiver can be realized.
上記の如く、本発明によれば、音質的に優れ、変換効率が高く、装着性のよい低価格な骨導あるいは軟骨導式の受話装置の提供が可能となる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive bone-conduction or cartilage-conduction receiving device that is excellent in sound quality, has high conversion efficiency, and is easy to wear.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
図1は実施例1による受話装置の斜視図である。本実施例1による受話装置は、棒状の骨伝導スピーカ部11の長手方向の一端に振動伝達部12が支持部13によって結合し突出する構成とした。振動伝達部12は外形が耳甲介腔部に納まる形状とし、直径が15mmで突出寸法を5mmとし、中央部に直径5mmの貫通孔16を有する環状とした。この振動伝達部12は耳甲介腔部に納まり耳珠と対珠に当接すれば良いので、前記寸法に限定されることなく、直径は5〜20mmで突出寸法も3〜10mm程度の範囲で使用者に合わせて設定することが望ましい。さらに貫通孔16或いは振動伝達部12の形状は図1に示す様な形状に限定されず、より装着性が良く圧迫感を与えない丸みを持つ形状等でも良い。骨伝導スピーカ部11は支持部13に形成される矩形の切り欠き部17の内側に固定されている。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a receiver according to the first embodiment. In the receiving apparatus according to the first embodiment, the
図2は、実施例1による受話装置を左耳に装着した状態を示す図である。本実施例1による受話装置は図2に示す様に振動伝達部12が耳甲介腔の窪みに納まり、耳珠14と対珠18とに圧接し装着される。骨伝導スピーカ部11は、耳珠もしくはその近傍に当接して発生した音声振動を耳珠もしくはその近傍に直接伝達するとともに、さらに骨伝導スピーカ部11の発生した音声振動は振動伝達部12を介して耳珠14近傍の軟骨及び顔面の骨組織に伝達される構造となっている。このとき、振動伝達部12は中央部に貫通孔16を有するので外耳道を覆うことなく、気導音も聴取可能となり、且つ閉塞感も無い。
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the receiver according to the first embodiment is worn on the left ear. In the receiver according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the
図3は、実施例1による骨伝導スピーカ部の断面図である。本実施例1に使用した骨伝導スピーカ部11は、金属弾性板からなる金属シム21を上下から挟むように配置された2枚の圧電セラミック板22からなる、図3において紙面の左右方向が長手方向となる矩形板状の圧電バイモルフ素子24を可撓性物質よりなる被覆層23で覆った構造を成す。該圧電バイモルフ素子24は、一方の圧電セラミック板22が長手方向に伸び、他方が長手方向に縮むように、電圧を印加することで振動する。
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bone conduction speaker unit according to the first embodiment. The bone
本実施例1に使用した圧電バイモルフ素子24は、主に圧電の横効果を利用して長手方向の変位を発生する圧電セラミック板22で構成し、該圧電セラミック板22は矩形とし、厚み方向に分極して、上下面に印加される電気信号に応じて伸縮の変形を生じるようにした。また、厚み方向に積層した構成とし、一層毎に電極を二つのグループに分けて層毎に分極と電圧印加ができる構成をとり、駆動電圧を大幅に低減させた。尚、電気的な結線類は図示しない。
The
ここで、前記圧電バイモルフ素子24の製造方法を示す。2枚の圧電セラミック板22にはNECトーキン(株)製の圧電セラミックス(商品名ネペック10)を用い、その寸法は、長さ30mm、幅3mm、厚さ0.2mmとする。また、シムは厚さ50μmの真鍮製であり、その長さと幅は圧電セラミック板とほぼ同寸法である。これらをエポキシ系接着剤で貼り合わせ、圧電セラミック板の外側の主面には電極を設け、この電極とシムからリード線を引き出す構造とする。ここで圧電セラミックは厚み方向に積層した構成で、一層毎に電極を二つのグループに分けて層毎に分極と電圧印加ができる構成をとると駆動電圧を大幅に低減できる利点がある。本実施例1では、50μmの層を4層に積層した一体焼成構造の圧電セラミック板を用いており、二枚の圧電セラミック板は並列に電気接続されたものを用いた。
Here, a manufacturing method of the
次に、前記圧電バイモルフ素子24を用いて、骨伝導スピーカ部11と成すために、真鍮製の金型を用いて圧電バイモルフ素子24の全面に液状ウレタンゴムを流し込み、硬化処理により、厚さ方向の二面には2mmの厚さで被覆層を形成した。この被覆層の厚さによって共振周波数と振動体のQを調節することができる。
Next, in order to form the bone
このようにして得た骨伝導スピーカ部11を、図1に示すように、アクリル製の支持部13の切り欠き部17の内側にエポキシ系接着剤を用いて長手方向の端部で接合固定し、さらに支持部13とアクリル製の振動伝達部12を接合固定し、本実施例1の形態の受話装置を得た。
As shown in FIG. 1, the bone
本実施例1の受話装置に7Vrms程度の音声信号を接続コード15を通じて入力して、骨伝導スピーカ部11が発生する振動を耳珠14近傍にて受けると、明瞭で十分な音量感で音楽や音声情報を聴き取ることが可能であることを確認できた。また、本実施例1で得られた骨伝導受話装置は重量が僅かに3gであり使用者への負担が軽いことも確認できた。
When a voice signal of about 7 Vrms is input to the receiver of the first embodiment through the
本実施例1では、骨伝導スピーカに矩形板状の圧電バイモルフを用いたが、圧電ユニモルフの使用も可能であり、形状も矩形板状に限らず、円形、楕円形状あるいは多角形状の一般の圧電振動体であってよい。さらに、圧電バイモルフを複数段重ね、それぞれ同方向に駆動するように結線することにより、より大きな音量が得られる。 In the first embodiment, a rectangular plate-shaped piezoelectric bimorph is used for the bone conduction speaker. However, a piezoelectric unimorph can also be used, and the shape is not limited to the rectangular plate shape, and a general piezoelectric material having a circular, elliptical, or polygonal shape. It may be a vibrating body. Furthermore, a larger volume can be obtained by stacking a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs and connecting them so as to be driven in the same direction.
図4は、実施例2による受話装置の斜視図である。本実施例2による受話装置は、棒状の骨伝導スピーカ部11の長手方向の一端に振動伝達部12が直接接合する構成とした。骨伝導スピーカ部11には実施例1と同様の圧電バイモルフ素子を使用した。また振動伝達部12の形状は環形状の一部に欠截部19を有する形状とした。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a receiver according to the second embodiment. The receiver according to the second embodiment is configured such that the
さらに、本実施例2は、耳甲介腔部に納まる形状とした振動伝達部12が成型される部分を設けた金型に圧電バイモルフ素子を配置して、液状ウレタンゴムを流し込み、硬化処理により、骨伝導スピーカ部11と振動伝達部12とを一体で成形し受話装置とした。この様に骨伝導スピーカ部11と振動伝達部12とを一体で成形することで量産性に富み、低コストな受話装置の提供が可能となる。
Further, in the second embodiment, a piezoelectric bimorph element is arranged in a mold provided with a portion where the
本実施例2についても7Vrms程度の音声信号を接続コード15を通じて入力して、骨伝導スピーカ部11が発生する振動を耳珠14近傍にて受けると、実施例1同様に明瞭で十分な音量感で音楽や音声情報を聴き取ることが可能であることを確認でき、軽量で使用者への負担が軽いことも確認できた。
Also in the second embodiment, when an audio signal of about 7 Vrms is input through the
上記の如く、本発明によれば、音質的に優れ、変換効率が高く、装着性のよい低価格な骨導あるいは軟骨導式の受話装置の提供が可能となる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive bone-conduction or cartilage-conduction receiving device that is excellent in sound quality, has high conversion efficiency, and is easy to wear.
本発明は、各種音響機器をはじめ、携帯電話機携帯端末機器や携帯端末機器等の受話装置として利用できる他に音響発生装置等にも利用できる。 The present invention can be used not only as an acoustic receiver, but also as a sound receiving device for a mobile phone mobile terminal device, a mobile terminal device, etc. as well as various acoustic devices.
11 骨伝導スピーカ部
12 振動伝達部
13 支持部
14 耳珠
15 接続コード
16 貫通孔
17 切り欠き部
18 対珠
19 欠截部
21 金属シム
22 圧電セラミック板
23 被覆層
24 圧電バイモルフ素子
DESCRIPTION OF
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