JP2007102148A - Monochrome/color reflection/translucent-type electrophoretic display device using colored electrophoretic microparticulates with electret property - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a monochrome/color reflection/translucent type electrophoretic display device, using electret property charged microparticulates by quantum irradiation and charged magnetic microparticulates, capable of restraining the occurrence of crosstalks and executing simple matrix drive. <P>SOLUTION: The electrophoretic display elements and the reflection-type electrophoretic imaging device comprise: a first substrate 1; a first drive electrode 6 disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate 19 disposed so as to face the first substrate; a second drive electrode 15 disposed on the second substrate; a white insulating liquid 12, filled in a prismatic or tubular partition consitituted between the first substrate and the second substrate; dispersed spherical colored and negatively-charged microparticulates; and spherical colored and negatively-charged magnetic microparticulates; wherein high-definition image display is achieved, gathering together the electrophoresis display elements which have an alternating electric field, an alternating magnetic field, and an electrode that superposes and mixes them, and vertically move colored migrating microparticulates. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention disperses colored electrophoretic fine particles such as spherically colored negatively charged negatively charged particles and spherically colored negatively charged electromagnetic particles charged in an electron trap by quantum beam irradiation in a white insulating liquid having a weak positive charge. Is a pseudo-single-particle type electrophoretic display element that has a high-speed response, high resolution, and high image quality, and is displayed in a prismatic or cylindrical partition of a display element. The present invention relates to a reflection type electrophoretic display device and a reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.

Display devices start with a 100-year-old CRT, and fluorescent display tubes, electroluminescence display devices, light emitter diode display devices, liquid crystal display devices, and plasma display panel display devices are commercially available. Has been. However, all of these commercially available display devices do not endure gaze for a long time because they use luminescent color and transmitted light and see the color of the substance itself with a display device (transmission type) for viewing.
With the development of IT, the development of next-generation display devices (reflective type) for reading that has display characteristics like printed materials, is easy on the eyes, and can withstand long-time fixations is actively underway. In particular, the progress of computerization technology for newspapers and books is remarkable, and the arrival of full-fledged paperlessness will be achieved in the near future. In particular, newspaper satellite and optical communication lines are expected to contribute to conservation of forest resources and the global environment through major reforms such as printing, transportation and delivery, as well as reduction of paper consumption.

In order to satisfy such demands, next generation display devices have many demands such as large size, low price, high definition, energy saving, high speed response and full color. For this reason, many systems such as a particle system, a liquid crystal system, an EL system, and a rewritable marking system have been developed.
The most frequently used liquid crystal display devices have excellent display characteristics such as high-speed response, colorization, and moving images. However, in addition to the problems related to display quality, the resolution is generally about 120 dpi at the maximum. And considerably lower than printing, print-out (usually 300 dpi), and the like. Moreover, since it is a transmission type, a light source for irradiation is required from the back surface, and a great amount of power is consumed. For this reason, high-performance large-sized storage batteries and chargers are necessary for portable devices. The reflection type electrophoretic display device does not require an irradiation light source from the back surface and is excellent in energy saving, but has a drawback that it cannot be used in a dark place.
Reflective electrophoretic display method based on electrophoresis of charged fine particles is considered to be the optimum technology for next-generation display devices for ideal reading in order to increase the size and definition at a low price. For this reason, reflection type electrophoretic display devices have been developed, such as a method of moving particles in a microcapsule in the thickness direction, and a method of rotating electrophoretic fine particles. An electrophoretic display device dispersed in an insulating liquid using spherical colored electrophoretic microparticles of several μm, which is insufficient for high-definition requirements of 300 dpi or more, such as electronic display of books and newspaper display by satellite distribution Is the best.

  The concept of electrophoresis of charged fine particles by an electric field and use in a display or storage device has been proposed for a long time (Ota: Patent Publication No. Sho 50-15115), but the shape of the charged fine particles and the charged potential (ζ potential) are small and unsatisfactory. It could not be realized due to many technical problems such as stability, secondary aggregation and precipitation of migrating particles, erasure of previous history display images, and response speed.

  As a full-scale electrophoretic display method, there is a proposal of a horizontal movement type electrophoretic display method and apparatus for moving charged fine particles horizontally. (Gouda: JP-A-49-5598, JP-A-11-202804). Using the electrophoretic phenomenon of electrophoretic fine particles with positive / negative (white / black) charges dispersed in a transparent insulating liquid, a partition is provided to suppress the occurrence of crosstalk, and a simple matrix drive method is possible. Display device. However, since a complicated barrier is provided for each pixel, it is difficult to construct a large display device, and solutions such as secondary agglomeration, precipitation, and deletion of previous history display images have not been made. In addition, there is no support for full color and dark places.

However, the present inventors have found that the electrophoretic display device has serious drawbacks that cannot be put into practical use. That is, when the image display is repeated, the previous history display image adsorbed on the transparent insulating layer (display surface) covering the surface of the drive electrode adheres electrostatically strongly, and even if a DC electric field having a reverse polarity is applied. In the case of display writing again without being completely peeled off, there is a problem as an afterimage. Even if electrophoretic microparticles having a specific gravity smaller than that of the insulating liquid are used, the electrophoretic microparticles are enlarged due to secondary aggregation, and the electrophoretic microparticles precipitate in the long term, causing deterioration in image quality. The non-uniform distribution of the electrophoretic fine particles dispersed in the insulating liquid due to long-term use affects the image quality of the display image and degrades the image quality. In general, the electrophoretic display method does not have a threshold value because the electrophoretic fine particles do not have a threshold value, and a high-quality image cannot be obtained due to a crosstalk phenomenon. In addition, there is a problem in the stability of charging of the electrophoretic fine particles, and the reflective electrophoretic display device cannot be used in a dark place. The biggest drawback is color display correspondence. In general reflection type electrophoretic display devices, colored display fine particles of 3 to 4 types (3 to 4 colors) such as red, green, and blue, or black, magenta, yellow, and cyan are required for color display. And
In summary, production of stable persistent charged fine particles, separation of positive and negative charged fine powder particles, removal of secondary aggregation of migration fine particles and prevention of precipitation, erasure of previous history display images, migration in insulating liquid There is a need for a means for simultaneously solving many problems such as uniform distribution of fine particle density, improvement of image contrast, removal of crosstalk, full color display, use of dark places, and the like.
The biggest defect is the charging stability of the colored electrophoretic fine particles. The colored electrophoretic particles used in electrophoretic display devices use coloring materials such as dyes and ions, and give new charges and transfers. Therefore, the electrophoretic display device acts as an unstable factor during electrophoresis due to an electric field, and there is a problem in stability. there were.

Colored charged fine particles obtained by adding electron trap materials, pigments, etc. to polymer fine particle raw material monomers to form spherical fine particles of 5 to 10 μm by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization, etc., and irradiating them with electron beams Has an electret ζ potential of −50 to −100 mV. Furthermore, the colored charged magnetic fine particles obtained by adding magnetic fine particles to the raw material, forming 5-10 μm spherical fine particles by the above-described method and irradiating the electron beam, have an electret ζ potential of −50 to −100 mV and 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ Wb. Together with the magnetic charge. We have developed a new electrophoretic display device of pseudo single particle type in which these are dispersed in a white insulating liquid having a weak positive charge and sealed in a prismatic or cylindrical partition that prevents crosstalk.
・ A full-color reflective electrophoretic display device was developed by dividing a prismatic or cylindrical partition into three parts, such as red, green, and blue, or four parts into black, magenta, yellow, and cyan. An electrophoretic display method in which an insulating liquid in a partition wall is agitated by superimposing an alternating electric field, an alternating magnetic field, or an alternating electric field / alternating magnetic field to erase a previous history display image. Furthermore, a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device has been devised which uses a translucent material for a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall and enables use in a dark place.

The invention of claim 1 includes a first substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate, a transparent insulating layer, a first transparent driving electrode, a translucent reflective layer, and a transparent insulating layer (display surface), and A second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, a second electrode, an insulating layer, a second drive electrode and an insulating layer (non-display surface) disposed on the second substrate, the first substrate, A pseudo provided with a white insulating liquid filled in a prismatic or cylindrical partition formed between the second substrates and colored electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored negatively charged fine particles) dispersed in the white insulating liquid. 1 particle type electrophoretic display element, electrophoretic display method, monochrome color reflection type electrophoretic display device and reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an AC electric field is applied between the first transparent electrode and the second electrode, and the white insulating liquid is agitated with an AC electric field to erase the previous history display image adhering to the display surface and the non-display surface. . At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent drive electrode and the second drive electrode, the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved on the display surface, and an image is displayed. By applying an alternating electric field between the two electrodes, stirring the white insulating liquid to erase the previous history image, and simultaneously moving the colored migrating fine particles vertically to the non-display surface, and displaying the display surface in white, An electrophoretic display element, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device using an alternating current electric field method for ending a display operation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first substrate, a thin-film coiled second transparent electrode for generating a magnetic field, a transparent insulating layer, a first transparent driving electrode, a translucent reflecting layer, and an insulating layer (display) disposed on the first substrate. Surface), a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a magnetic field generating thin-film coiled third electrode disposed on the second substrate, an insulating layer, a second drive electrode, and an insulating layer ( A non-display surface), a white insulating liquid filled in a prismatic or cylindrical partition formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and colored electrophoretic particles (true spherical shape) dispersed in the white insulating liquid. A quasi-single particle type electrophoretic display device, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an alternating current is passed between the first transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the white insulating liquid is stirred with the alternating magnetic field and adhered to the display surface and the non-display surface. Erase. At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent driving electrode and the second driving electrode, and the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved on the display surface to display an image. After the display, an alternating current is applied again between the first transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate a magnetic field, the white insulating liquid is stirred, the colored electrophoretic particles are moved vertically to the non-display surface, and the display surface is turned white A magnetic induction type electrophoretic display element, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device that terminates a display operation by a second process of displaying.

The invention of claim 3 includes a first substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate, a transparent insulating layer, a thin film coiled second transparent electrode for generating a magnetic field, a transparent insulating layer, a first transparent driving electrode, A translucent reflective layer, a transparent insulating layer (display surface), a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on the second substrate, an insulating layer, and a magnetic field generating thin film A coil-shaped third electrode, an insulating layer, a second drive electrode, an insulating layer (non-display surface), and a white color filled in a prismatic or cylindrical partition formed between the first substrate and the second substrate Pseudo single-particle type electrophoretic display element comprising an insulating liquid and colored electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles) dispersed in the white insulating liquid, electrophoretic display method, monochrome color reflection Type electrophoretic display device and reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an alternating electric field is applied between the first transparent electrode and the second electrode to generate an alternating electric field, an alternating current is applied to the second transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the alternating electric field and the alternating current are generated. By superimposing a magnetic field, the white insulating liquid is agitated to erase the previous history display image adhering to the display surface and the non-display surface. At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent driving electrode and the second driving electrode, and the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved on the display surface to display an image. After the display, an alternating electric field is again applied between the first transparent electrode and the second electrode, and an alternating current is simultaneously applied between the second transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field, thereby stirring the white insulating liquid. An electrophoretic display element and an electrophoretic display method using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method in which the previous operation is erased, the colored electrophoretic fine particles are vertically moved to the non-display surface, and the display operation is finished by the second process of displaying the display surface in white. A monochrome color reflection type electrophoretic display device and a reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a monochrome color electrophoretic display element that uses a translucent material for a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall, irradiates transmitted light from the back surface to the partition wall part, and can be used in a dark place. A reflective electrophoretic display device and a translucent electrophoretic display device;

  The invention according to claim 5 is an electrophoretic display element for a color in which partition walls such as prismatic and cylindrical shapes are divided into red, green, blue, etc., or divided into four parts of black, magenta, yellow, cyan, etc. A monochrome color reflection type electrophoretic display device and a reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device using the same.

  The invention of claim 6 is a color reflection electrophoretic display device and a translucent electrophoretic display device, in which colored electrophoretic fine particles such as red, green, blue or black, magenta, yellow, cyan are dispersed. The injection of the insulating liquid is a manufacturing method using an ink jet printer technique.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device capable of displaying a simple matrix or an active matrix circuit or the like by assembling and integrating electrophoretic display elements by an alternating electric field system can be manufactured. .

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device capable of integrating and integrating electrophoretic display elements by a magnetic induction system and displaying them with a simple matrix or an active matrix circuit can be manufactured.

  The invention according to claim 9 is a monochrome color reflection type electrophoretic display device and a reflection / transmission type which can collect electrophoretic display elements by an alternating electric field / magnetic induction system and can be displayed by a simple matrix or an active matrix circuit. An electrophoretic display device can be manufactured.

  In the invention of claim 10, the spherically charged negatively charged fine particles are obtained by adding a material that becomes an electron trap, a pigment or the like to a polymer fine particle raw material monomer, and then subjecting the particles to suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization, or the like. Make spherical particles with a diameter of 5-10 μm. It is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for 10 minutes or is irradiated with an electron beam of 1 to 50 kGy at 90 to 110 ° C. and charged with an electret negative charge, True spherical colored negatively charged fine particles having a ζ potential of −50 to −100 mV and colored in colors such as red, green, blue, black, magenta, yellow, and cyan. True spherical fine particles with a narrow particle size distribution and a large negative ζ potential. When applied to a white insulating liquid and applied with a DC electric field for display, the spherical colored load moves regularly and responds quickly. Electron fine particles.

The invention according to claim 11 is that the spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles are materials, pigments, magnetic fine particles (magnetite fine particles represented by FeO · Fe ₂ O ₃ , nanomagnetic fine particles) that serve as electron traps in the polymer fine particle raw material monomer. Etc., and 4-10 μm spherical particles are made by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization or the like. It is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for 10 minutes or is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy at 90 to 110 ° C. and charged with electret negative charges. , -50 to -100 mV ζ potential and 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ Wb magnetic charge, and spherically colored load electromagnetics colored in colors such as red, green, blue, black, magenta, yellow and cyan Fine particles. Since it is a spherical ultrafine particle and has a narrow particle size distribution, it is a colored loaded electromagnetic fine particle that regularly moves at high speed and responds at high speed when dispersed in a white insulating liquid and applied with a display DC electric field.

  According to the invention of claim 12, the colored migrating fine particles are colored in red, green, blue, etc., or black, magenta, yellow, cyan, etc. with a pigment or the like, and are true spherical shapes suitable for color display. Negatively charged fine particles, spherically loaded electromagnetic fine particles, and the like.

  In the invention of claim 13, the white insulating liquid is obtained by adding a material that becomes a hole trap to the polymer fine particle raw material monomer, oxide-based white ultrafine powder such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, etc. A spherical ultrafine particle of 0.2 to 0.5 μm is made by a polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method or the like. This is irradiated with 1 to 15 kGy of gamma rays and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for 10 minutes or 10 to 15 kGy of gamma rays at 90 to 110 ° C. A white insulating liquid having a weak positive charge dispersed in 1 to 30% in a hydrocarbon insulating liquid, a silicon insulating liquid, or the like.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the polymer fine particle raw material monomer is an acrylic, polyester, styrene or polycarbonate resin, and the electron trap material is a fluorine resin. The hole trap material is an ultrafine particle of Si oxide (SiO ₂ ) or amorphous silicon oxide (Si: H: O _1-x ).

  In the invention of claim 15, glass or polymer film can be used for the first substrate and the second substrate.

  In the invention of claim 16, the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is optimally 20 to 30 times the particle size of the migrating fine particles or 150 μm or less.

  According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, it is also possible to use true spherical colored positively charged fine particles and true spherical colored positively charged magnetic fine particles for the electrophoretic display element. In this case, the display direct current electric field and the peeling electric field need to have opposite polarities.

  The invention of claim 18 relates to the particle size ratio between the white positively charged ultrafine particles and the colored migrating fine particles constituting the white insulating liquid. The white positively charged fine particles have a positive charge, and the colored negative electrophoretic fine particles are colored spherically charged charged particles, and the colored spherical charged electromagnetic particles are negatively charged. When the colored electrophoretic fine particles are dispersed in the white insulating liquid, the positive and negative fine particles are electrostatically coupled to cause inconvenience in the display operation. For this reason, it is necessary to continually separate. In the present invention, separation is carried out by an agitation process using an alternating electric field and alternating magnetic field. The separation is more effective as the colored electrophoretic particles are larger and the white positively charged particles are smaller. In particular, the stirring by superimposing the alternating electric field and alternating magnetic field is such that the white positively charged fine particles are separately stirred by the alternating electric field, and the spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles are separately stirred by the alternating magnetic field. is there. Also in this case, the particle size ratio works effectively. The particle size ratio is desirably 1/2 to 1/10.

  Since the electrophoretic display device of the invention of claim 19 is excellent in energy saving, it can be used as a display of a portable terminal device (cell phone, notebook personal computer, etc.) that does not require a charger by combining a small solar cell and a small battery. Can be used.

According to the invention of claim 20, a large-sized monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device (indoor / outdoor signboard) for business use using a weather resistant material can be manufactured.

I. A pseudo single particle type monochrome / color reflective / translucent electrophoretic display device in which colored electrophoretic particles are dispersed in a white insulating liquid was manufactured. That is, an AC electric field method, a magnetic induction method, and an AC electric field / magnetic induction method. The process of stirring the insulating liquid by applying an AC electric field, an AC magnetic field, etc. solved the above three drawbacks in the electrophoretic display, erasure of previously displayed images, secondary aggregation and precipitation problems.
II. True spherical colored negatively charged fine particles and true spherical colored negatively charged electromagnetic fine particles by electron beam irradiation have electret properties and are therefore extremely stable. Electrophoretic display elements using these as colored electrophoretic fine particles are excellent in long life. Further, since the colored electrophoretic fine particles are spherical, they can be driven at high speed in a white insulating liquid to produce an electrophoretic display device that responds quickly.
III. In the combination of the colored migrating fine particles and the white insulating liquid, since the white insulating liquid shares the white portion of the image portion, high-definition (300 dpi) and high-contrast display with high contrast becomes possible.
IV. Adopting the partition wall, hold down the crosstalk and divide the partition wall into three parts to make each element red, green, blue, etc., or divide into four parts to make each element black, magenta, yellow, cyan, etc. A monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device which does not require a color filter can be manufactured.
V. Monochrome color reflection that makes it possible to use in dark places, which is the biggest drawback of reflective electrophoretic display devices, by making prismatic or cylindrical partition walls translucent, providing a translucent reflective layer and irradiating light from the back side・ Transparent electrophoretic display devices can be manufactured.
VI. Since this electrophoretic display device does not require power for image retention, power consumption is extremely small, and a display system for a portable terminal device that does not require a charging function can be realized by a combination of a small solar cell and a small storage battery.
VII. By using weather-resistant materials, large indoor and outdoor displays (display boards, signboards, etc.) can be produced.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the dimensions and shapes of elements in the drawings are neither actual dimensions nor proportional to actual dimensions, which facilitates understanding. Therefore, it is exaggerated as appropriate.

FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display element according to the present invention. For the sake of convenience, FIG.
I. Is an AC electric field system composed of true spherical colored load electromagnetic fine particles 9 and a white insulating liquid 12 and stirred by an AC electric field. A first substrate 1 (nesa glass), a first transparent electrode 2, a transparent insulating layer 3, a first transparent driving electrode 6, a light-transmissive reflecting layer 7, and a transparent insulating layer (display surface) disposed on the first substrate 1 ) 8, a second substrate 19 disposed opposite to the first substrate 1, a second electrode 18 disposed on the second substrate 18, an insulating layer 16, a second drive electrode 15, an insulating layer ( (Non-display surface) 14 and between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 19, the spherically charged negatively charged fine particles 9 dispersed in the white insulating liquid 12 filled in the prismatic or cylindrical partition 13 formed. And an electrophoretic display element by vertical movement.
An AC electric field 21 is applied between the first transparent electrode 2 and the second electrode 18, the colored migrating fine particles are stirred by the AC electric field, and a display DC electric field 20 is connected between the first transparent driving electrode 6 and the second driving electrode 15. The colored portion vertically moves the colored electrophoretic fine particles 9 so that the white portion is displayed with the white insulating liquid 12 on the transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8, and the monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display element. It is.

II is a magnetic induction method composed of the spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles 11 and the white insulating liquid 12 and stirred by an alternating magnetic field. The transparent electrode on the surface of the first substrate 1 (Nesa glass) is patterned to form a thin-film coiled second transparent electrode 4 for generating a magnetic field, a transparent insulating layer 5, a first transparent drive electrode 6, and a light-transmissive reflecting layer 7 The transparent electrode on the surface of the transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8 and the second substrate 19 (nesa glass) disposed opposite to the first substrate 1 is patterned to form a magnetic field generating thin film coiled third The electrode 17 is filled with an insulating layer 16, a second drive electrode 15, an insulating layer (non-display surface) 14, and a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 19. This is an electrophoretic display element that encloses a white insulating liquid 12 and true spherical colored electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in the white insulating liquid and moves vertically.
A magnetic field generating AC electric field 22 is applied between the second transparent electrode 4 and the third electrode 17, and the spherical colored load electromagnetic fine particles 11 are stirred by the AC magnetic field, and between the first transparent driving electrode 6 and the second driving electrode 15. A DC direct-current electric field 20 is applied to the colored portion, and the colored portion vertically moves the colored electrophoretic particles 11 to display on the transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8, and the white portion is displayed with the white insulating liquid 12. -It is a translucent electrophoretic display element.

III is an AC electric field / magnetic induction system composed of true spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles 11 and white insulating liquid 12 and stirring colored electrophoretic particles by superimposing an AC electric field and an AC magnetic field. The transparent electrode on the surface of the first substrate 1 (nesa glass) is the first transparent electrode 2, the transparent insulating layer 3, the thin film coiled second electrode 4 for generating a magnetic field, the transparent insulating layer 5, the first transparent driving electrode 6, The transparent electrode of the translucent reflective layer 7, the transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8, and the second electrode 19 (nesa glass) disposed facing the first substrate 1 is used as the second electrode 18, and the transparent insulating layer 16 is used. , A thin film coiled third electrode 17 for generating a magnetic field, an insulating layer 16, a second drive electrode 15, a transparent insulating layer (non-display surface) 14, and a white color filled between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 19. This is an electrophoretic display element that encloses spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in an insulating liquid 12 and moves vertically.
An alternating electric field 21 for generating an alternating electric field is applied between the first transparent electrode 2 and the second electrode 18, an alternating electric field 22 for generating an alternating magnetic field is applied between the second transparent electrode 4 and the third electrode 17, and an alternating electric field and an alternating magnetic field are applied. And the white insulating liquid 12 is agitated, a direct current electric field 20 for display is applied between the first transparent drive electrode 6 and the second drive electrode 15, and the colored portion vertically moves the colored electrophoretic particles 11, thereby transparent insulation. The white portion on the layer (display surface) 8 is a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display element displaying with a white load insulating liquid 12.

FIG. 2 shows the details of the driving method of each method in a time chart.
I. Is an AC electric field system. The first process is divided into three stages: the first half, the middle, and the second half. First, an AC electric field is applied between the first substrate and the second substrate, the white insulating liquid is stirred by the AC electric field, and in the previous period, a peeling DC electric field is superimposed, the previous display image is erased, and the colored electrophoretic particles are stirred, In the middle period, a display DC electric field is applied, and the colored electrophoretic fine particles are applied to the display surface, and in the latter period, the AC electric field is cut off to display an image. In the second process, an AC electric field and a peeling DC electric field are applied to erase the previous history display image. The colored electrophoretic fine particles move to the non-display surface, and the display surface becomes a white screen by the white insulating liquid, and the display operation is completed.

  II. Is a magnetic induction system. The first process is divided into three stages: the first half, the middle, and the second half. First, an alternating current is applied between the first substrate and the second substrate to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the white insulating liquid is stirred by the alternating magnetic field. In the previous period, a peeling direct current electric field is superimposed, and the previous display image is erased and colored. Electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles) are stirred, a DC electric field for display is applied in the middle period, and the AC magnetic field is cut off on the display surface and the colored electrophoretic fine particles are cut off in the latter period to display an image. In the second process, an AC magnetic field and a peeling DC electric field are applied to erase the previous history display image. The colored migrating fine particles move vertically to the non-display surface, and the display surface becomes a white screen by the white insulating liquid, and the display operation is completed.

  III. Is an AC electric field / magnetic induction system. The first process is divided into three stages: the first half, the middle, and the second half. First, an AC electric field is applied between the first substrate and the second substrate, an AC current is applied, an AC magnetic field is generated simultaneously with the AC electric field, and the white insulating liquid is stirred by the AC electric field / AC magnetic field. DC electric field for superimposing, erasing previous display image and stirring colored migrating microparticles, applying DC electric field for display in middle period, cutting colored electrophoretic microparticles on display surface, cutting AC magnetic field in latter period, and image Display. In the second process, an AC electric field, an AC magnetic field, and a peeling DC electric field are applied to erase the previous history display image. The colored migrating fine particles move vertically to the non-display surface, and the display surface becomes a white screen by the white insulating liquid, and the display operation is completed. By superimposing an alternating electric field and an alternating magnetic field, stirring is efficiently performed, and erasing of the previous history display image becomes fast responsiveness.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the operating state of the electrophoretic fine particles in the electrophoretic display element according to the AC electric field system of the present invention. The electrophoretic display element includes a first substrate 1, a first transparent electrode 2, a transparent insulating layer 3, a first transparent driving electrode 6, a translucent reflecting layer 7, and a transparent insulating layer (on the first substrate). Display surface) 8, a second substrate 19 disposed opposite to the first substrate 1, a second electrode 18, an insulating layer 16, a second drive electrode 15, and an insulating layer disposed on the second substrate. (Non-display surface) 14, a white insulating liquid 12 filled in a prismatic or cylindrical partition 13 formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 19, and a color dispersed in the white insulating liquid It is an electrophoretic display element that encloses electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored negatively charged fine particles) 9 and moves vertically.

In the first stage of the first process, an alternating electric field 21 is applied between the first transparent electrode 2 and the second electrode 18, and a peeling direct electric field is applied between the first transparent driving electrode 6 and the second driving electrode 15. The white insulating liquid 12 is agitated to erase the previous history display image, to uniformly distribute the electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored negative charged fine particles) 9 dispersed in the white insulating liquid. When the display DC electric field 20 is applied simultaneously with stirring in the middle period, the migrating fine particles on the non-display surface gather near the display surface, and in the latter period, the AC electric field is cut off to display an image.
In the first half of the second process, an alternating electric field 21 is applied between the first transparent electrode 2 and the second electrode 18, and a peeling direct electric field is applied between the first transparent driving electrode 6 and the second driving electrode 15. The white insulating liquid 12 is agitated to erase the previous history display image. The colored electrophoretic fine particles 9 move to the non-display surface 14, and in the later stage, the colored electrophoretic fine particles 9 are mostly collected in the non-display layer. As a result, the white insulating liquid 12 forms a white screen on the display surface 8, and the display operation is completed.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the operating state of the electrophoretic fine particles in the electrophoretic display element according to the magnetic induction system of the present invention. The configuration of the electrophoretic display element is as follows: a first substrate 1 and a thin film coiled second transparent electrode 4 for generating a magnetic field disposed on the first substrate, a transparent insulating layer 5, a first transparent driving electrode moving electrode 6, a light-transmissive reflection. A layer 7, a transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8, a second substrate 19 disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a magnetic field generating thin-film coiled third electrode 17 disposed on the second substrate, Insulating layer 16, second drive electrode 15, insulating layer (non-display surface) 14, white insulating property filled in prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 formed between first substrate 1 and second substrate 19. This is an electrophoretic display element that encloses the liquid 12 and the spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in the white insulating liquid and moves vertically.

In the first half of the first process, an AC power supply 22 is connected between the second transparent electrode 4 and the third electrode 17 and a current for generating a magnetic field is applied. The white insulating liquid 12 is stirred by the AC magnetic field, and the previous history display image is erased. Then, uniform distribution of the colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in the white insulating liquid is performed. When the display DC power supply 20 is applied simultaneously with stirring in the middle period, the migrating fine particles on the non-display surface gather near the display surface, and the AC electric field is cut off in the latter period to display an image. Reference numeral 10 denotes suspended white charged fine particles having a weak positive charge.
In the first half of the second process, an AC magnetic field and a peeling DC electric field are applied to erase the previous history display image. The colored electrophoretic particles 11 move to the non-display surface 14, and in the later stage, the electrophoretic microparticles are mostly collected on the non-display surface. As a result, the display surface 8 becomes a white screen by the white insulating liquid 12, and the display operation ends.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the operating state of the electrophoretic fine particles in the electrophoretic display element using the AC electric field / magnetic induction system of the present invention. The configuration of the electrophoretic display element includes a first substrate 1, a first transparent electrode 2 disposed on the first substrate, a transparent insulating layer 3, a thin film coiled second transparent electrode 4 for generating a magnetic field, a transparent insulating layer 5, 1 transparent drive electrode 6, translucent reflective layer 7 and transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8, a second substrate 19 disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a second substrate disposed on the second substrate. An electrode 18, an insulating layer 16, a magnetic field generating thin film coiled third electrode 17, an insulating layer 16, a second drive electrode 15, an insulating layer (non-display surface) 14, and a configuration between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 19. In an electrophoretic display device by enclosing the white insulating liquid 12 filled in the prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 and the colored load electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in the transparent white insulating liquid. is there.

In the first stage of the first process, an AC power source 21 is applied between the first transparent electrode 2 and the second electrode 18, and an AC power source 22 for generating an AC magnetic field is simultaneously connected between the second transparent electrode 4 and the third electrode 17. A current for generation is applied, and the white insulating liquid 12 is agitated by an AC electric field and an AC magnetic field, and the previous history display image is erased, the colored load electromagnetic fine particles 11 dispersed in the white insulating liquid are uniformly distributed, and the like. When the display DC electric field 20 is applied simultaneously with stirring in the middle period, the migrating fine particles on the non-display surface 14 gather near the display surface 8, and in the latter period, the AC electric field is cut to display an image.
In the first half of the second process, an AC electric field, an AC magnetic field, and a peeling DC electric field are applied to erase the previous history display image. The colored electrophoretic particles 11 move to the non-display surface 14, and in the later stage, the colored electrophoretic particles are mostly collected on the non-display surface 14. As a result, the display surface 8 becomes a white screen by the white insulating liquid 12, and the display operation ends.

FIG. 6 is a manufacturing flow chart and a sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field system. For convenience, it is shown by 4 pixels. The first substrate 1 is transparent nesa glass. As the transparent electrode material, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, or the like is used. This is used as the first transparent electrode 2, and a polycarbonate film is applied by about 20 to 50 μm by spinner coating to form the transparent insulating layer 3. A transparent electrode material is sputtered on the surface and patterned to pattern the lead wire in the Y-axis direction of the first transparent drive electrode 6. Next, a photoresist is applied and patterned to form a through insulating layer. Aluminum is vapor-deposited and patterned so that the light-transmitting / reflecting layer 7 is obtained. A first transparent drive electrode 6 in the Y-axis direction is formed by applying a photoresist and sputtering a transparent electrode material. A polycarbonate film of 20 to 50 μm is applied by a spinner coat to form a transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8. Further, a photosensitive resin (NAP) is applied by 50 μm to 150 μm, a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 is formed by photolithography, and the white insulating liquid 12 is injected into the concave portion.
In the case of a color electrophoretic display device, the white insulating liquid disperses colored electrophoretic particles of three or four colors. In order to inject this into an electrophoretic display element at a predetermined position (300 dpi or more), an ink jet printer method is optimal. In this case, the white insulating liquid has a negative charge due to the dispersed spherically charged negatively charged fine particles. For this reason, when a negative electrode is provided on the inner surface of the nozzle tip of the ink jet printer, the first transparent drive electrode is made positive and an accelerating DC electric field is applied, it is accelerated and flies into a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall at a predetermined position. Can be infused on time.
The concave prismatic barrier has a depth of 50 to 150 μm, a width of 60 to 70 μm, a thickness of 15 to 30 μm, a cylindrical barrier has a diameter of 40 to 70 μm, and a thickness of about 15 to 30 μm. Nesa glass is the same as the first substrate. The nesa film is used as the second electrode 18, and the polycarbonate film is applied by 20 to 50 μm to form the insulating layer 16, and a transparent electrode material is sputtered and patterned on the surface of the second driving electrode 15 along the X axis. A lead wire is formed. A photoresist is applied thereto and patterned to form the through insulating layer A. A transparent electrode material is sputtered and patterned to form the X-axis second drive electrode 15. Further, a non-display surface 14 is formed by applying a polycarbonate film of 20 to 50 μm.
The first substrate and the second substrate are attached to form an electrophoretic display device, and a driving IC is connected to complete a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plan view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field system. In order to maintain the resolution of 300 dpi, the electrophoretic display element is a prism or cylinder having a side of 60 to 70 μm and a height of 100 to 150 μm, and a partition wall width of about 15 to 30 μm. FIGS. A and b show a reflection type electrophoretic display device having a prismatic partition. FIGS. C and d show a translucent electrophoretic display device having a cylindrical partition. This is a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device in which the light irradiated from the back surface and the light transmitted through the partition wall is effectively reflected by the light transmission / reflection layer 7 and the display surface can be used in the dark place.

FIG. 8 is a manufacturing flowchart and a sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using a magnetic induction system. For convenience, it is shown by 4 pixels. The first substrate 1 is transparent nesa glass. As the transparent electrode material, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, or the like is used. The transparent electrode on the nesa glass is patterned by photolithography to form a thin film coiled second transparent electrode 4 for generating a magnetic field, and a polycarbonate film is applied to a thickness of 20 to 50 μm to form a transparent insulating layer 5. A transparent electrode material is sputtered on the surface and patterned to form a lead line in the Y-axis direction of the first transparent drive electrode 6, and then a photoresist is applied and patterned to form a through insulating layer. Aluminum is vapor-deposited and patterned to form the light-transmitting / reflecting layer 7. A first transparent drive electrode 6 in the Y-axis direction is formed by applying a photoresist and sputtering a transparent electrode material. A polycarbonate film of 20 to 50 μm is applied to form a transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8. Further, a photosensitive resin (NAP) is applied in an amount of 50 to 150 μm, a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 is formed by photolithography, and the white insulating liquid 12 is injected into the recess.
In the case of a color electrophoretic display device, the white insulating liquid disperses colored electrophoretic particles of three or four colors. In order to inject this into the electrophoretic display element at a predetermined position, the ink jet printer method is optimal. In this case, the white insulating liquid has a negative charge due to the dispersed spherically colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles. For this reason, when a negative electrode is provided on the inner surface of the nozzle tip of the ink jet printer tank, the first transparent drive electrode is made positive and an accelerating DC electric field is applied, it is accelerated and flies into a rectangular columnar or cylindrical partition at a predetermined position. Can be injected in a short time.
The concave prismatic barrier has a depth of 50 to 150 μm, a width of 40 to 70 μm, a thickness of 15 to 30 μm, and a cylindrical barrier has a diameter of 40 to 70 μm and a thickness of 15 to 30 μm.
The second substrate 19 is nesa glass, like the first substrate. The Nesa film is used as the second electrode 18, and a polycarbonate film is applied by about 20 to 50 μm to form the insulating layer 16. A transparent electrode material is sputtered on the surface and patterned to form the X axis of the second drive electrode 15. The lead wire is formed. A photoresist is applied and patterned to form a through insulation layer A, a transparent electrode material is sputtered, and patterned to form the X-axis second drive electrode 15. Further, a non-display surface 14 is formed by applying a polycarbonate film of about 20 to 50 μm. The first substrate and the second substrate are attached to form an electrophoretic display device, and a driving IC is connected to complete a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plane configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display device using a magnetic induction method. In order to maintain the resolution of 300 dpi, the electrophoretic display element is a prism or cylinder having a side of 60 to 70 μm and a height of 100 to 150 μm, and a partition wall thickness of 15 to 30 μm. FIGS. A and b show a reflection type electrophoretic display device having a prismatic partition. FIGS. C and d show a translucent electrophoretic display device having a cylindrical partition. This is a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device in which the light irradiated from the back surface and the light transmitted through the partition wall is effectively reflected by the light transmission / reflection layer 7 and the display surface can be used in the dark place.

FIG. 10 is a manufacturing flow chart and a sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method. For convenience, it is shown by 4 pixels. The first substrate 1 is transparent nesa glass. As the transparent electrode material, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, or the like is used. Let the transparent electrode on the Nesa glass be the first transparent electrode 2. The surface is coated with 20 to 50 μm of polycarbonate to form a transparent insulating layer 3, and a transparent electrode material is sputtered and patterned to form a thin film magnetic field generating coiled second transparent electrode 4. Again, 20 to 50 μm of polycarbonate is applied to form the transparent insulating layer 5, and a transparent electrode material is sputtered and patterned to form the Y-axis lead wire of the first transparent drive electrode 6. Next, a photoresist is applied and patterned to form a through insulating layer. Aluminum is vapor-deposited and patterned to form the translucent reflective layer 7. A first transparent drive electrode 6 in the Y-axis direction is formed by applying a photoresist and sputtering a transparent electrode material. A polycarbonate film of 20 to 50 μm is applied to form a transparent insulating layer (display surface) 8. Further, a photosensitive resin (NAP) is applied to 50 μm to 150 μm, a prismatic or cylindrical partition wall 13 is formed by photolithography, and the white insulating liquid 12 is injected into the recess.
In the case of a color electrophoretic display device, the white insulating liquid disperses colored electrophoretic particles of three or four colors. In order to inject this into the electrophoretic display element at a predetermined position, the ink jet printer method is optimal. In this case, the white insulating liquid has a negative charge due to the dispersed spherically colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles. For this reason, when a negative electrode is provided on the inner surface of the nozzle tip of the ink jet printer tank, the first transparent drive electrode is made positive and an accelerating DC electric field is applied, it is accelerated and flies into a rectangular columnar or cylindrical partition at a predetermined position. Can be injected in a short time.
The concave prismatic barrier has a depth of 50 to 150 μm, a width of 40 to 70 μm, a thickness of 15 to 30 μm, and a cylindrical barrier has a diameter of 40 to 70 μm and a thickness of 15 to 30 μm.
The second substrate 19 is nesa glass, like the first substrate. The Nesa film is used as the second electrode 18, and a polycarbonate film is applied by about 20 to 50 μm to form the insulating layer 16. A transparent electrode material is sputtered on the surface and patterned to form the X axis of the second drive electrode 15. The lead wire is formed. A through-insulating layer A is formed by coating a photoresist on this, and a transparent electrode material is sputtered and patterned to form the X-axis second drive electrode 15. Further, a non-image display surface 14 is formed by applying a polycarbonate film of 20 to 50 μm.
The first substrate and the second substrate are attached to form an electrophoretic display device, and a driving IC is connected to complete a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plan view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method. In order to maintain the resolution of 300 dpi, the electrophoretic display element is a prism or cylinder having a side of 60 to 70 μm and a depth of 100 to 150 μm, and a partition wall width of 15 to 30 μm. FIGS. A and b show a reflection type AC electric field / magnetic induction type electrophoretic display device. FIGS. C and d show a translucent electrophoretic display device having a cylindrical partition. This is a monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device in which the light irradiated from the back surface and the light transmitted through the partition wall is effectively reflected by the light transmission / reflection layer 7 and the display surface can be used in the dark place.

FIG. 12 is a production flow chart of colored electrophoretic fine particles and white insulating liquid. The colored negatively charged fine particles are prepared by adding a trapping material, a pigment or the like to a polymer fine particle raw material monomer such as acrylic, polyester, styrene, polycarbonate, etc. 5-10 μm spherical particles are produced by a legal method or the like. This is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and heated to open at least ten times at 90 to 110 ° C., or is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy at 90 to 110 ° C. and charged with electret negative charges − Having a zeta potential of 30 to -100 mV,
The colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles are obtained by adding magnetic fine particles (magnetite fine particles represented by FeO · Fe ₂ O ₃ ) to the above-mentioned material, and by using a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, or the like. Make spherical fine particles. When this is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and an electret ζ potential of −30 to −100 mV and a magnetic charge of 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ Wb are combined, they are colored load electromagnetic fine particles.
The white insulating liquid is added to a polymer fine particle raw material monomer, a material that serves as a hole trap (SiO ₂ , Si: H: O _1-x, etc.), oxide white ultrafine particles such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide, By using a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method or the like, 0.1 to 1 μm spherical fine particles are produced. This is irradiated with 1 to 150 kGy of gamma rays and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for 10 minutes, or 90 to 110 ° C. with 1 to 150 kGy of gamma rays and charged with electret positive charges of 5 to 20 mV. A white insulating liquid having a ζ potential of 1 to 20% dispersed in a hydrocarbon insulating solvent or a silicon insulating solvent.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is needless to say that various modifications, design changes, and the like are included within the technical scope without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

  It is sectional drawing which shows the basic composition of the electrophoretic display element of this invention. I. AC electric field method II. Magnetic induction system III. AC electric field / magnetic induction   It is a figure which shows the typical drive method of the electrophoretic display element of this invention. I. AC electric field method II. Magnetic induction system III. AC electric field / magnetic induction   It is a schematic diagram which shows the behavior of the electrophoretic particle in the electrophoretic display element by the alternating current electric field system of the present invention. 1st process: 1st, middle, 2nd 2nd process: 1st, 2nd   It is a schematic diagram which shows the behavior of the electrophoretic particle in the electrophoretic display element by the magnetic induction system of this invention. 1st process: 1st, middle, 2nd 2nd process: 1st, 2nd   It is a schematic diagram which shows the behavior of the electrophoretic particle in the electrophoretic display element by the alternating current electric field / magnetic induction system of the present invention. 1st process: 1st, middle, 2nd 2nd process: 1st, 2nd   FIG. 2 is a manufacturing flowchart and a cross-sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field system according to the present invention.   FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plane configuration diagram of a reflection type and transmission type electrophoretic display element array according to an AC electric field method according to the present invention.   FIG. 4 is a manufacturing flowchart and a cross-sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using a magnetic induction system according to the present invention.   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plane configuration diagram of a reflective and transmissive electrophoretic display element array using a magnetic induction method according to the present invention.   FIG. 2 is a manufacturing flowchart and a cross-sectional view of an electrophoretic display device using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method according to the present invention.   FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view and a 3 × 3 matrix plane configuration diagram of a reflection-type and translucent-type electrophoretic display element array using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method according to the present invention.   This is a production flowchart of colored electrophoretic fine particles and white insulating liquid.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st board | substrate 2 ... 1st transparent electrode 3 ... Transparent insulating layer 4 ... 2nd transparent electrode 5 ... Transparent insulating layer 6 ... 1st transparent drive electrode 7 ... Translucent reflective layer 8 ... Insulating layer (display surface)
9 ... Colored electrophoretic fine particles (negatively charged fine particles)
10 ... White positively charged fine particles 11 ... Colored electrophoretic fine particles (loaded electromagnetic fine particles)
12 ... White insulating liquid 13 ... Partition 14 ... Insulating layer (non-display surface)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... 2nd drive electrode 16 ... Insulating layer 17 ... 3rd electrode 18 ... 2nd electrode 19 ... 2nd board | substrate 20 ... DC power supply 21 for display ... AC for stirring Power source 22 ... Magnetic field generating power source for stirring

Claims (20)

The first substrate, the first transparent electrode, the transparent insulating layer, the first transparent drive electrode, the light-transmissive reflecting layer, and the transparent insulating layer (display surface) disposed on the first substrate and the first substrate are disposed opposite to the first substrate. And a second electrode disposed on the second substrate, an insulating layer, a second drive electrode, an insulating layer (non-display surface), and a partition wall between the first substrate and the second substrate. Pseudo single particle type electrophoretic display element comprising filled white insulating liquid and colored electrophoretic fine particles (true spherical colored negatively charged fine particles) dispersed in the white insulating liquid, electrophoretic display method, monochrome color -Reflective / translucent electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an AC power source is applied between the first transparent electrode and the second electrode, and the white insulating liquid is agitated with an AC electric field to erase the previous history display image adhering to the display surface and the non-display surface. . At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent drive electrode and the second drive electrode, the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved on the display surface, and an image is displayed. By applying an alternating electric field between the two electrodes, stirring the white insulating liquid, erasing the previous history display image, moving the colored electrophoretic particles vertically to the non-display surface, and displaying the display surface in white, An electrophoretic display element using an alternating electric field system, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device, characterized in that the display operation is terminated. A first substrate; a thin-film coiled second transparent electrode for generating a magnetic field; a transparent insulating layer; a first transparent driving electrode; a translucent reflecting layer; and an insulating layer (display surface) disposed on the first substrate; A second substrate disposed opposite to the substrate, a magnetic field generating thin-film coiled third electrode disposed on the second substrate, an insulating layer, a second drive electrode, and an insulating layer (non-display surface); A quasi-single particle type electrophoretic display element comprising colored charged magnetic fine particles (true spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles) dispersed in a white insulating liquid filled in a partition wall between a first substrate and a second substrate; Electrophoretic display method, monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an alternating current is passed between the first transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the white insulating liquid is stirred by the alternating magnetic field and adhered to the display surface and the non-display surface. Erase the image. At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent drive electrode and the second drive electrode, the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved on the display surface, and an image is displayed. By applying an alternating electric field between the three electrodes to generate a magnetic field, stirring the white insulating liquid, moving the colored migrating fine particles vertically to the non-display surface, and displaying the display surface in white, the display operation is performed. An electrophoretic display element based on a magnetic induction system, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device, characterized in that it is terminated. A first substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate, a transparent insulating layer, a thin film coiled second transparent electrode for generating a magnetic field, a transparent insulating layer, a first transparent driving electrode, a light-transmissive reflecting layer, and a transparent insulating material A layer (display surface), a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on the second substrate, an insulating layer, a thin-film coiled third electrode for generating a magnetic field, and an insulating layer , A second drive electrode, an insulating layer (non-display surface), a white insulating liquid filled in a partition wall between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a colored electrophoresis dispersed in the white insulating liquid A quasi-single particle type electrophoretic display device having fine particles (true spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles), a monochrome color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device.
In the image display, an alternating electric field is applied between the first transparent electrode and the second electrode to generate an alternating electric field, an alternating current is applied to the second transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field, and an alternating current is generated. The white insulating liquid is stirred by superimposing the electric field and the alternating magnetic field, and the previous history display image adhering to the display surface and the non-display surface is erased. At the same time, a direct current electric field for display is applied between the first transparent drive electrode and the second drive electrode, the colored migrating fine particles are vertically moved to the transparent insulating layer on the display surface, and an image is displayed. An alternating electric field is applied between the transparent electrode and the second electrode to generate an alternating electric field. At the same time, an alternating current is applied between the second transparent electrode and the third electrode to generate an alternating magnetic field. And the white insulating liquid is agitated to erase the previous display image, the colored electrophoretic fine particles are moved vertically to the non-display surface, and the display operation is terminated by the second process of displaying the display surface in white. An electrophoretic display element using an alternating electric field / magnetic induction method, an electrophoretic display method, and a monochrome / color reflection / translucent electrophoretic display device.   4. The reflection type electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the second substrate and the second electrode, the insulating layer, the third electrode, the insulating layer, the second drive electrode, and the insulating layer disposed on the second substrate are provided. A monochrome / color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device using a translucent material for a layer, a prism, a cylindrical partition, or the like, and having a structure capable of irradiating transmitted light from the back surface.   The prismatic and cylindrical partition walls are divided into three, red, green, blue, etc., or divided into four black, magenta, yellow, cyan, etc. Translucent electrophoretic display device.   A method of manufacturing a monochrome color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display device using an ink jet printer technique for injecting electrophoretic fine particles and white insulating liquid into the electrophoretic display element.   7. The monochrome color reflection according to claim 1, wherein the electrophoretic display elements of the AC electric field system according to claim 1 are assembled, integrated, and displayed by a simple matrix or a TFT matrix circuit.・ Translucent electrophoretic display device.   7. The monochrome color reflection according to claim 2, wherein the electrophoretic display elements of the magnetic induction system according to claim 2 are assembled, integrated, and displayed by a simple matrix or a TFT matrix circuit.・ Translucent electrophoretic display device.   The monochrome color display according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the electrophoretic display elements of the AC electric field / magnetic induction system according to claim 3 are assembled, integrated, and displayed by a simple matrix or a TFT matrix circuit. -Reflective / translucent electrophoretic display device.   The colored negatively charged fine particles are obtained by adding a material that becomes an electron trap, a pigment, and the like to a polymer fine particle raw material monomer, and forming spherical fine particles of 5 to 10 μm by a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, or the like. create. This is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for a few dozen minutes, or irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy at 90 to 110 ° C. and charged with an electret negative charge, Colored negatively charged fine particles having a ζ potential of −50 to −100 mV and colored in a desired color. Spherical ultra-fine particles with a narrow particle size distribution, so that when they are dispersed in a white insulating liquid and a direct current electric field for display is applied, they are regularly moved at high speed and respond in a short time. . The colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles are suspended by adding magnetic fine particles (magnetite fine particles indicated by FeO.Fe ₂ O ₃ , nanomagnetic fine particles, etc.) such as electron trap materials, pigments, etc. to the polymer fine particle raw material monomer. 5 to 10 μm spherical particles are made by a polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, or the like. This is irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy and heated at 90 to 110 ° C. for a few dozen minutes, or irradiated with an electron beam of 10 to 50 kGy at 90 to 110 ° C. and charged with an electret negative charge, A colored loaded electromagnetic fine particle characterized by having a ζ potential of −50 to −100 mV and a magnetic charge of 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ Wb and colored in a desired color. Because it is a spherical ultra-fine particle and has a narrow particle size distribution, when it is dispersed in a white insulating liquid and a DC electric field for display is applied, it regularly moves at high speed, responds in a short time, and is driven by a low DC electric field. True spherical colored loaded electromagnetic fine particles.   The colored electrophoretic fine particles are colored red, green, blue, etc. or black, magenta, yellow, cyan, etc. with pigments, etc., and are suitable for color display. Fine particles.   The white insulating liquid is a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, etc. by adding a hole trap material and an oxide-based white ultrafine powder such as zinc oxide or titanium oxide to a polymer fine particle raw material monomer. To produce 0.1 to 1 μm spherical fine particles. This is irradiated with gamma rays of 1 to 15 kGy and heated for 10 minutes at 90 to 110 ° C., or irradiated with 1 to 15 kGy of gamma rays at 90 to 110 ° C., and white positively charged fine particles charged with electret positive charges. And a ζ potential of 5 to 50 mV. A white insulating liquid in which 5 to 20% is dispersed in a hydrocarbon insulating liquid or a silicone-based insulating liquid. The polymer fine particle raw material monomer is an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a styrene resin, a polycarbonate resin, or the like, and the electron trap material is a fluorine resin. The material to be a hole trap is an ultrafine particle of Si oxide (SiO ₂ ) amorphous silicon oxide (Si: H: O _1-x ).   11. The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are made of glass or polymer film. Type electrophoretic display.   10. The electrophoretic display element according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is 50 times the particle diameter of the electrophoretic fine particles or 200 μm or less. Monochrome color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display.   As the electrophoretic display element, true spherical colored positively charged fine particles and true spherical colored positively charged magnetic fine particles can also be used. In this case, the applied electric field needs to have a reverse polarity.   The white positively charged fine particles, the spherical colored charged fine particles, and the true positively charged fine particles, the white electrophoretic fine particles constituting the white insulating liquid, and the colored electrophoretic fine particles are in the range of 1/2 to 1/10. Spherical colored charged magnetic fine particles.   Since the electrophoretic display device is excellent in energy saving, a display system for a portable terminal device (such as a mobile phone notebook personal computer) that does not require a charger by combining a small solar cell and a small storage battery. Large commercial electrophoretic display elements, large commercial monochrome / color reflective / translucent electrophoretic display devices (display plates, etc.) using weather-resistant materials for the charged fine particles, charged magnetic fine particles and white insulating liquid. Signboards, etc.).
[Title of Invention] Monochrome color reflection / transmission type electrophoretic display-I using electret colored electrophoretic fine particles.

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