JP2007092447A - Rotary excavator and rotational driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary excavator and a rotational driving device capable of performing excavation work in low vibration and low noise. <P>SOLUTION: This rotary excavator 6 has an underground excavating excavator 1 and the rotational driving device 5 capable of imparting rotary motion to the excavator 1. The excavator 1 has bits 41 and 42 for excavating by advancing and retreating to and from the excavation side of an excavator body 2 by imparting an impact force by the energy of a working fluid. A plurality of the bits 41 and 42 are arranged so as to be smaller than the excavator body 2. The bits 41 and 42 are constituted so as to be driven by an impact by staggering a time between each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a rotary excavator and a rotary drive device.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a rotary excavator and a rotary drive device that can perform excavation work with low vibration and low noise.

  In the field of civil engineering and architecture, an excavator called “down the hole hammer” is used for excavating hard ground mainly containing rock, rocks, concrete, and the like. A down-the-hole hammer moves a hammer bit at the tip up and down by supplying compressed air and driving an internal piston, and performs excavation by hitting the hammer bit (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

There is also a drilling device called an “earth auger” that drills holes with a spiral cone, but the earth auger is more suitable for drilling hard ground where rock, rocks, concrete, etc. are present, compared to the down-the-hole hammer described above. Is not suitable.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-328983 (FIG. 1)

  As shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, in the conventional down-the-hole hammer, the hammer bit having the same diameter as the hole to be drilled is moved up and down to hit the ground. Large and severe noise and vibration occurred during excavation. For this reason, for example, it is not suitable for use in a densely populated house or an office district in an urban area where work with lower vibration and noise is desired.

(Object of the present invention)
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary excavator and a rotary drive device that can perform excavation work with low vibration and low noise.

Means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows.
In addition, although the code | symbol used in drawing is described using the parenthesis in order to help the understanding of description of the effect | action mentioned later, each component is not limited to the thing of drawing description.

In the first invention,
Excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) for underground excavation, and rotary drive device (5) capable of giving rotational motion to the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) A rotary excavator equipped with
The excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) is a bit (41, 41) that advances and retreats toward the excavation side of the excavator body (2) by being given a striking force by the energy of the working fluid. 42), the bit (41, 42) is smaller than the excavator body (2), and a plurality of the bits (41, 42) are configured to be driven to strike each other at different times. It is characterized by
It is a rotary excavator.

In the second invention,
A rotary excavator provided with a drilling device (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) for underground excavation, and a rotary drive device (5),
The excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) is a bit (41, 41) that advances and retreats toward the excavation side of the excavator body (2) by being given a striking force by the energy of the working fluid. 42), the bit (41, 42) is smaller than the excavator body (2), and a plurality of the bits (41, 42) are configured to be driven to strike each other at different times. And
The rotary drive device (5) is configured so that the excavation position of the bid (42) of the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) moves relative to the excavation surface. ) (1b) (1c) is configured to be able to give a rotational motion,
It is a rotary excavator.

In the third invention,
The drilling rig (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) includes a piston case (22) containing a piston that gives a biting force to the bits (41, 42) by the energy of the working fluid,
A plurality of piston cases (22) are accommodated in the excavator body (2) corresponding to the number of bits (41, 42).
A rotary excavator according to the first or second invention.

In the fourth invention,
The excavator body (2) is provided with a vibration-proof material and / or a sound-proof material (230) so as to surround the piston case (22),
A rotary excavator according to any one of the first to third inventions.

In the fifth invention,
The rotary drive (5)
A rotary drive main body (50) that can be mounted with the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c), and that gives the rotary motion to the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c);
An outrigger (52) that supports the rotary drive body (50);
It is characterized by having,
A rotary excavator according to any one of the first to fourth inventions.

In the sixth invention,
It constitutes a rotary excavator (5) according to any one of the first to fifth inventions,
It is a rotary drive device.

  As the “working fluid” in the present specification and claims, a gas such as air (for example, compressed air) or a liquid such as water or oil can be employed.

  The term “vibration-proof material or / and sound-proof material” as used in the present specification and claims may include either one of the vibration-proof material or the sound-proof material, or both of the vibration-proof material and the sound-proof material ( In some cases, including those having both anti-vibration and sound-proofing effects).

(Work)
The rotary excavator according to the present invention includes excavation devices (1), (1a), (1b), and (1c) for underground excavation, and a rotation drive device (5), and operates as follows.
The excavation work is performed while giving a rotational motion to the excavators (1), (1a), (1b), and (1c) by the rotation drive device (5). By giving the rotational motion, the excavation position of the bid (42) included in the excavating devices (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) moves relative to the excavation surface. Thereby, a bid (41, 42) hits the whole excavation surface uniformly.

  When the bit (41, 42) is given a striking force by the energy of the working fluid, the bit (41, 42) moves forward and backward to the excavation side of the excavator body (2) to perform excavation. A plurality of bits (41, 42) are provided that are smaller than the excavator body (2), and the bits (41, 42) are driven to strike with a time lag. Therefore, the impact of the ground received every time the bit (41, 42) is hit is small.

  If the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) is equipped with a piston case (22) containing a piston that gives impact force to the bits (41, 42) by the energy of the working fluid, the piston is the piston A plurality of piston cases (22) are accommodated in the excavator body (2) in correspondence with the number of bits (41, 42). As a result, vibration and sound generated when the piston is driven are less likely to leak out or be transmitted.

  In the case where the excavator body (2) is provided with a vibration isolating material and / or a sound insulating material (230) so as to surround the piston case (22), vibration and sound generated when the piston is driven are And the soundproofing material (230) relaxes.

  The rotary drive device (5) can be equipped with the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c), and the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) rotational drive device body ( 50) and an outrigger (52) that supports the rotary drive device body (50), the outrigger (52) not only improves the stability during excavation work, but also the rotary drive device body (50 ) Can be mitigated by the outrigger (52) compared to the case where excavation work is carried out by placing the) directly on the ground surface.

The present invention has the above-described configuration and has the following effects.
(A) A rotary excavator according to the present invention includes an excavation device for underground excavation and a rotation drive device, and is configured so that excavation work can be performed while giving a rotary motion to the excavation device by the rotation drive device. Has been. The excavator has a plurality of bits that are smaller than the excavator body, and the bits are configured to be driven to strike each other at different times. Therefore, compared to the conventional down-the-hole hammer that hits the ground by moving a hammer bit of the same diameter as the hole to be drilled, the impact of the ground received by each bit hit is small, low vibration, low noise Excavation work can be done with. Therefore, it is suitable for use in a densely populated residential area or an urban office area where work with lower vibration and noise is desired.

(B) Conventionally, it has been necessary to drive a hammer bit having a diameter substantially the same as that of the hole to be drilled. Therefore, the consumption of air necessary to move the hammer bit up and down is inevitably large, and relatively large air is required. A compressor was needed. On the other hand, in the present invention, since a relatively small bit may be driven, a consumption amount of a working fluid (for example, air) for advancing and retreating one bit is small, and as a result, a supply device that supplies the working fluid (For example, when the working fluid is air, the air compressor) can be reduced in size.
Therefore, the installation area of the supply device is small, and it is suitable for construction in a limited space such as a densely populated house or an urban office district. Further, since the supply device can be downsized, the drive means such as an engine for driving the supply device can be downsized, so that vibration and noise generated from the drive means can be suppressed to a low level.

(C) In the case where the excavator includes a piston case containing a piston that gives a biting force to the bit by the energy of the working fluid, the piston is covered with the piston case, and the piston case is further in the excavator body. A plurality of bits are accommodated corresponding to the number of bits. As a result, it is possible to prevent the vibration and sound generated when the piston is driven from leaking or being transmitted to the outside as much as possible, and to further reduce vibration and noise.

(D) In the case where the vibration proofing material and / or the soundproofing material is provided in the excavator body so as to surround the piston case, it is more effective that the vibration or sound generated when the piston is driven leaks or is transmitted to the outside. Can be prevented.

(E) A rotary drive device that can be equipped with a drilling device, and that includes a rotary drive device body that imparts rotational motion to the drilling device, and an outrigger that supports the rotary drive device body, is stable during excavation work by the outrigger. In addition to improving the performance, vibration transmitted from the rotary drive device main body to the ground plane is reduced as compared with the case where excavation is performed by placing the rotary drive device main body directly on the ground plane. Thereby, low vibration and low noise can be achieved more effectively.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these.
The invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of an embodiment shown in the drawing.

1 to 4 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of a rotary excavator according to the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows an excavator 1 that constitutes a rotary excavator, and is an explanatory view of the excavator 1 as seen from the bottom perspective direction.
2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory view of the excavator 1 shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the excavator 1 shown in FIG. 1 and shows a state in which the excavation bit member 2 removed from the air tank member 3 is disassembled.
FIG. 4 is a side view explanatory view showing a rotary excavator 6 mainly composed of the rotary drive device 5 and the excavator 1 shown in FIG. 1.
In addition, the base side of the air tank member 3 shown upward in FIG. 3 is omitted.

As described above, the rotary excavator 6 shown in FIG. 4 includes the excavator 1 for underground excavation shown in FIG. 1 and the rotary drive device 5 that can give the excavator 1 a rotational motion. .
First, the excavator 1 will be described in detail, and then the rotary drive device 5 will be described.

[Excavator 1]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire excavator 1 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The excavator 1 includes an excavation bit member 2 which is an excavator body located on the excavation side (front side), and an air tank member 3 located on the base side. The air tank member 3 is detachably connected to the base side of the excavation bit member 2 by bolts 31 and nuts 32 (not visible in FIG. 1, see FIG. 2), which are fixing tools.

  The excavation bit member 2 includes a plurality of bits 41 and 42 on the tip side. A plurality of bits 41 and 42 are provided that are smaller than the excavation bit member 2, and the bits 41 and 42 are configured to be driven to strike with a time lag.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the bits 41 and 42 are provided at one location (indicated by reference numeral 41) at the axial center portion of the excavation bit member 2 and at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the axial center portion. A total of six locations (indicated by reference numeral 42) are arranged at six locations. Each bit 41, 42 is not simultaneously but staggered at a high speed (1200 to 1300 times per minute per bit, 7200 to 7800 times per minute as a whole) and vibrates (moves up and down or moves back and forth). Excavate the ground.

  Specifically, the bit 41 and the bit 42 are not simultaneously driven but are driven at different times, and the bits 42, 42, 42, 42, 42 provided at the five locations are also driven at different times and not simultaneously. . The advance / retreat stroke of each bit 41, 42 is, for example, about 1 to 3 cm. The air tank member 3 can store air, which is a working fluid that drives the bits 41 and 42, in a high pressure state.

  Hereinafter, the components of the excavator 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

(Drilling bit member 2)
As shown in FIG. 3, the excavation bit member 2 includes, in order from the top, a piston case 22 including a connecting body 21 and containing a driving means including a piston, a piston case mounting body 23, a drive chuck 24, a chuck guide 25, Bits 41 and 42 are provided.

  The piston case 22 is made of metal and has a cylindrical shape. A connecting body 21 is screwed to the base end portion (upper portion in FIG. 3) of the piston case 22. Bits 41 and 42 are connected to the tip of the piston case 22 (lower part in FIG. 3) via a drive chuck 24 and a chuck guide 25. The piston case 22 is provided in the same number as the bits 41 and 42 (in this embodiment, a plurality of and six locations).

  The piston case 22 accommodates drive means including a piston for operating the bits 41 and 42. The drive means is a known down-the-hole hammer drive mechanism such as a cylinder, check valve, air distributor, valve spring, make-up ring, O-ring, piston retainer ring, bit retainer ring, etc. -92288) can be employed. The operation of this drive mechanism will be briefly explained. The air introduced into the piston case 22 moves to the lower side of the piston to raise the piston, and then, as the piston rises, the air turns to the upper side of the piston and lifts. Pull down the piston. By repeating this, the piston moves up and down and gives an impact force to the bits 41 and 42 on the excavation side.

  The connection body 21 located at the base end portion of the piston case 22 has a hole 211 (not visible in FIG. 3, see FIG. 2) as a working fluid path, and the base end side is formed in a convex cross section. . The convex portion constitutes the insertion portion 222, and the insertion portion 222 is inserted into the air tank member 3 and attached. Then, the driving means in the piston case 22 is driven by the air sent from the air tank member 3 through the insertion portion 222 of the connection body 21. In the circumferential direction of the insertion portion 222, a required number (in the present embodiment, a plurality) of O-rings 223 are provided so as to maintain the airtightness of the air sent from the air tank member 3.

  Each piston case 22 (five in this embodiment) is detachably attached to a piston case attachment body 23 (see FIG. 3) which is a substantially cylindrical attachment body. The piston case mounting body 23 includes a cylindrical main body 231 (see FIG. 2), and a cover body 233 (hereinafter referred to as a “front cover body 233”) fixed to an opening on the front side of the cylindrical main body 231. The cover body 234 is mainly composed of a cover body 234 (hereinafter referred to as “base cover body 234”) fixed to the opening on the base side of the cylindrical main body 231.

  Furthermore, a piston case casing 232 (see FIG. 2), which is a cylindrical and elongated casing, is accommodated inside the piston case attachment body 23. The piston case casing 232 is attached in a state where the piston case 22 is inserted. The piston case casing 232 is provided in the same number as the piston case 22, and the axial center direction is provided so as to be the same as the longitudinal direction of the piston case attachment body 23.

  The front cover body 233 and the base cover body 234 have required thicknesses, and are provided with insertion holes 235 and 236, which are holes for inserting the piston case 22, respectively. In this embodiment, the insertion holes 235 and 236 are arranged at six places in total at one place in the center and five places at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the center.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the above-described piston case casing 232 is fixed in a state sandwiched between the upper and lower cover bodies 233 and 234 and is accommodated in the cylindrical main body 231. A hole (reference numeral omitted) on the tip end side of the piston case casing 232 communicates with the insertion hole 235 of the front cover body 233. A hole (reference numeral omitted) on the base end side of the piston case casing 232 communicates with the insertion hole 236 of the base cover body 234.

  Furthermore, the gap 230 formed between the piston cases 22 and 22 in the piston case mounting body 23 (cylindrical main body 231) is filled with sand 230 (see FIG. 2) as a vibration-proof material and / or a sound-proof material. ing.

  Further, the tip portion of the piston case 22 partially protrudes from the tip cover body 233. The base end side of the substantially cylindrical drive chuck 24 shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the hole (not shown) of the protruding portion in a state where it is slightly pushed. The base side of the bits 41 and 42 is accommodated in the hole 241 on the distal end side of the drive chuck 24 via the chuck guide 25 so as to freely advance and retract.

  The chuck guide 25 has a substantially circular shape in plan view and has a required thickness, and is fixed to the tip of the piston case mounting body 23 (the front cover body 233). For fixing the chuck guide 25, a bolt 251 as a fixing tool and a nut 252 attached from the piston case attachment body 23 side are used.

  On the front side of the chuck guide 25, a concave portion 253 having a circular shape in bottom view and a concave portion 254 that is a V-shaped groove in a bottom view so as to surround the concave portion 253 are provided in the center. In the concave portion 253, a bit 41 having a head portion 411 having a circular shape in a bottom view is disposed. In the recess 254, a bit 42 provided with a head portion 421 having a triangular shape in a bottom view is disposed. A number of cemented carbide button chips 412 are provided on the head portions 411 and 421 of the respective bits 41 and 42.

  The chuck guide 25 is provided with a mounting hole 255 which is a mounting portion configured by the same number of holes as the bits 41 and 42. The attachment hole 255 is located in the recess 253 and the recess 254 described above. The tip of the drive chuck 24 is fitted into the base side of the mounting hole 255. The drive chuck 24 has a hexagonal nut-shaped detent 242, and a hexagonal recess 256 (see FIG. 2) into which the detent 242 is fitted is formed in the mounting hole 255 of the chuck guide 25.

  The base side of the bits 41 and 42 is formed as a spline shaft, and the base side is fitted from the tip of the mounting hole 255 to thereby form a concave and convex engaging groove (not shown) on the inner peripheral wall. It is installed inside. The base sides of the bits 41 and 42 are mounted so as not to be detached from the drive chuck 24 side by the above-described bit retainer ring and O-ring.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a required number of flat bars 26 that are protrusions along the axial direction are provided on the outer periphery of the piston case attachment body 23. In this embodiment, a plurality of flat bars 26 (six places in total) are provided at a required interval in the circumferential direction. The crushed bedrock and earth and sand (slime) generated in the hole excavated during the excavation work of the ground are the hole and flat bar excavated by the air injected from the front side of the excavation bit member 2 (chuck guide 25). It is sent to the ground surface through a gap between 26 and 26.

(Air tank member 3)
As shown in FIG. 3, a connecting body 33 for connecting to the base end portion of the excavation bit member 2 (the insertion portion 222 at the top of the piston case 22) is provided on the front side of the air tank member 3.

  A connecting joint 34 for introducing air is provided at the base end portion of the air tank member 3 (see FIG. 2, upper end portion in FIG. 2). The connection joint 34 has an air flow path (not shown), and the air introduced from the connection joint 34 is inside the air storage unit 30 partitioned by a partition body 341 configured by a plate body having a circular shape in plan view. It is stored in. Reference numeral 340 indicates a blowout port of the connection joint 34.

  Then, air is sent to each piston case 22 connected to the coupling body 33 through an air circulation path formed by the air hoses 351 and 352 and the circulation hole 331 formed in the coupling body 33. The flow hole 331 is connected to the hole 211 of the insertion part 222 of the piston case 22.

  For convenience of illustration, not all the air hoses are shown in FIG. 2, but the air hoses 351 and 352 are provided in the same number as the piston case 22 (five in this embodiment). One end of each air hose 351, 352 is connected to one of the connection holes 342 provided in the partition 341, and the base end of each of the air hoses 351, 352 is connected to one of the flow holes 331 of the connection body 21. Connected to the mouth.

  Here, the lengths of the air hoses 351 and 352 are not all the same, but are set to different lengths. Thereby, the time required for the sent-out air to reach each piston case 22 from the air reservoir 30 is not the same, but is different. As a result, the bits 41 and 42 attached to the tip portion of the piston case 22 can move up and down while excavating each other, and can excavate the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the base side of the air tank member 3 is formed to be slightly recessed toward the base end portion with the connecting body 33 as a boundary. The outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 36 formed slightly smaller than the connecting body 33 is made to match the inner diameter of a cylindrical drive bush 51 provided in the rotary drive device 5 (see FIG. 4) described later. It has been. Then, when the drive bush 51 is fitted and dropped from the base end portion of the excavator 1 with the excavator 1 standing, the drive bush 51 is a portion where the diameter of the air tank member 3 is large (near the coupling body 33). Stops and does not fall down. Details of this operation will be described later.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a required number of flat bars 361 which are ridges are provided on the outer periphery of the air tank member 3 along the axial direction. In this embodiment, a plurality of flat bars 361 (six places in total) are provided. During excavation work, the flat bar 361 engages with an engagement groove provided on an inner wall portion of a drive bush 51 of a rotary drive device 5 (see FIG. 4) provided with a rotary table (rotary table) described later. The rotational driving force (rotational motion) of the drive bush 51 is transmitted to the excavator 1.

  With the above-described configuration, air supplied from the connection joint 34 during excavation work is introduced into the piston case 22 of the excavation bit member 2 through the air hoses 351 and 352 of the air tank member 3, and the piston inside the piston case 22. To move the bits 41 and 42 at the tip up and down.

[Rotary drive device 5]
On the other hand, the rotary drive device 5 shown in FIG. 4 gives the excavator 1 a rotational motion as described above. The rotation drive device 5 includes a rotation drive device main body 50 and an outrigger 52 that supports the rotation drive device main body 50. As described above, the rotary drive device main body 50 can be equipped with the excavator 1 via the drive bush 51 and includes a rotary table (not shown hidden in FIG. 4) that gives the excavator 1 a rotational motion. Since the rotary drive device 5 employs a known technique, a detailed description of its structure is omitted.

(Work)
The operation of the rotary excavator 6 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In addition, a present Example demonstrates the effect | action of the rotary excavator 6 taking the case where the hole for piles is excavated in the ground as an example.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotary drive device 5 constituting the rotary excavator 6 is placed on a temporary scaffold 600 made of, for example, H steel. On the other hand, the required number (required number) of kelly rods 7 is connected to the base end portion of the excavator 1 according to the length of the hole excavated in the ground. In this embodiment, one kelly rod 7 is connected, but two or more (a plurality) may be connected. The kelly rod 7 has a built-in air supply pipe. The kelly rod 7 and the excavator 1 are fixed by a fixing tool (not shown) made up of pins, bolts, nuts and the like. The excavator 1 to which the kelly rod 7 is connected is suspended and supported by a crane (not shown in the drawing). Reference numeral 73 in FIG. 4 indicates a wire connected to the crane.

  Then, the drive bush 51 is set on the rotary table (not shown in FIG. 4) of the rotary drive device 5. Further, while being suspended and supported by a crane, the flat bar 361 of the air tank member 3 of the excavator 1 is engaged with an engagement groove which is a groove on the inner wall of the drive bush 51. Then, excavation is started while the excavator 1 is suspended by the crane.

  During excavation, the rotational driving force transmitted from the rotary table to the drive bush 51 is transmitted to the air tank member 3 and the excavator 1 rotates. A support shaft 71 is provided at the upper end of the kelly rod 7 to be suspended and supported by a crane. A supply pipe 72 that supplies air to the excavator 1 is connected to the support shaft 71. The support shaft 71 is provided with an air swivel (not shown).

  The air sent from the supply pipe 72 is sent to the excavator 1 through the air supply pipe of the kelly rod 7. The air sent to the excavator 1 is stored in the air storage unit 30 via the connection joint 34 shown in FIG. Further, the air is introduced into each piston case 22 through the air hoses 351 and 352 of the air tank member 3 (see FIG. 2), and the driving means such as the piston is driven to move the bits 41 and 42 at the tip up and down.

  Since the air hoses 351 and 352 having different lengths cause a deviation in the time when air is introduced into each piston case 22, the bits 41 and 42 move up and down while shifting their time, and simultaneously hit the ground. There is nothing. Further, since the bits 41 and 42 have a small diameter with respect to the hole to be excavated, the impact of the ground received by each hit of the bits 41 and 42 is small.

  Further, the excavation device 1 is rotated by the rotation drive device 5, whereby the excavation position of the bid 42 included in the excavation device 1 moves with respect to the excavation surface. Thereby, the bids 41 and 42 hit the entire excavation surface evenly. Moreover, when the excavator 1 rotates, the crushed bedrock and earth and sand (slime) generated during excavation are smoothly sent to the ground surface.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, driving means such as pistons for operating the bits 41 and 42 are accommodated in the piston case 22 and further covered with a cylindrical piston case casing 232. And it is accommodated in the cylindrical main body 231 filled with the sand 230 which is a soundproof material. As a result, it is possible to prevent sound and vibration generated during driving of the driving means from leaking or being transmitted to the outside, and to reduce noise and vibration.

  As described above, excavation work can be performed with low noise and low vibration, compared with a conventional down-the-hole hammer that hits the ground by moving one hammer bit having almost the same diameter as the hole to be excavated. Therefore, it is suitable for use in densely populated houses and urban office districts.

  In this embodiment, since the rotary drive device 5 includes the outrigger 52, the outrigger 52 not only improves the stability during excavation work, but also places the rotary drive device body 50 directly on the ground surface for excavation. Compared with the case where the rotation is performed, the vibration transmitted from the rotary drive device body 50 to the ground plane is reduced. Thereby, low vibration and low noise can be achieved more effectively.

  Furthermore, as described above, conventionally, it has been necessary to drive a hammer bit having the same large diameter as the hole to be drilled, and therefore, the amount of air consumption necessary to move the hammer bit up and down is inevitably large. A big air compressor was needed.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, it is only necessary to drive the small-diameter bits 41 and 42 with respect to the hole to be excavated, so that the amount of air consumed for moving one bit up and down is small, and as a result, Can reduce the size of the air compressor. Therefore, the installation area of the air compressor is small, and it is suitable for construction in a limited space such as a densely populated house or an urban office district. In addition, the miniaturization of the air compressor enables the prime mover that drives the air compressor to be miniaturized, so that the vibration and noise generated from the prime mover can be kept low.

  In this embodiment, the excavation bit member 2 provided with six bits 41 and 42 in total is used, but the number is not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the diameter of the excavation bit member 2 is, for example, 450 to 700 mm.

  Unlike the present embodiment, for example, when the drill bit member 2 is configured by providing five bits (one location in the axial center and four locations around it), the diameter of the drill bit member 2 is, for example, 450 mm or less. It can be. Furthermore, for example, when the excavation bit member 2 is configured by providing six to seven bits (one at the axial center and five or six around the bit), the diameter of the excavation bit member 2 is, for example, 700 mm or more. be able to.

  Further, the excavator 1 includes the air reservoir 30 inside the air tank member 3, but the air reservoir 30 may be provided outside the excavator 1 (for example, inside the kelly rod 7). When the air storage part 30 is provided in the kelly rod 7, the distal ends of the air hoses 351 and 352 may be connected from the excavator 1 to the air storage part 30 in the kelly rod 7. A screw shaft having an air supply pipe can be used instead of the kelly rod 7. If a screw shaft is used, the crushed bedrock and earth and sand (slime) which generate | occur | produce at the time of excavation can be sent out more smoothly to the ground surface.

(Experimental example)
Excavation work was performed using the excavator 1 described above, and an experiment was conducted as to how much vibration and noise were reduced. The experiment was conducted by measuring the vibration and noise level at a point 3 m away from the excavator using a vibration measuring device and a noise measuring device (measurement time: 5 minutes). FIG. 5 shows the vibration measurement results, and FIG. 6 shows the noise measurement results. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is vibration data (dB), the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 is time, and the vertical axis is noise data (dB).

  As a control, a conventional down-the-hole hammer was similarly used for excavation. The experiment was conducted by measuring the vibration and noise level at a point farther 35 m from the excavator using a vibration measuring device and a noise measuring device (measurement time: 5 minutes). FIG. 7 shows the measurement result of vibration, and FIG. 8 shows the measurement result of noise. 7 and 8 are the same as those in FIGS. 5 and 6.

  As is clear from the results of FIGS. 5 to 8, the vibration is about 35 to 45 dB in the present example (see FIG. 5) and about 50 to 65 db in the control example (see FIG. 7). Regarding noise, the value of the present example (see FIG. 6) is about 65 dB, while that of the control example (see FIG. 8) is 85 to 95B. In other words, in this example, the generation of vibration and noise is extremely effectively suppressed despite the measurement at a short distance of 3 m from the excavator with respect to the measurement point 35 m of the control example. I understand.

  In addition, although the present Example demonstrated the case where excavation work was performed using the rotational drive apparatus 5 provided with the rotary table, the means to give rotational motion to the excavator 1 is not specifically limited to a rotary table, Known rotation driving means such as a three-point pile driver or a leader can be employed.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the excavator constituting the rotary excavator according to the present invention.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and shown to the same or equivalent location as Example 1. FIG. Moreover, about the location demonstrated in Example 1, description is abbreviate | omitted and difference is mainly demonstrated. This also applies to the third and later embodiments described later.

  In the excavator 1a according to the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment (see FIG. 2), the shapes of the air hoses 352a and 353a provided in the air tank member 3 are different. For convenience of illustration, not all air hoses are shown in FIG. 9, but the same number of air hoses as the piston case 22 (five in this embodiment) are provided.

  In other words, in the first embodiment, the length of the air hoses 351 and 352 is changed to cause a deviation in the arrival time of the air introduced from the air reservoir 30 to the piston case 22. While using the air hoses 352a and 353a, the air arrival time is changed by changing the shape thereof. Other operations and effects are the same as or substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the excavating apparatus constituting the rotary excavator according to the present invention,
FIG. 11 is an explanatory perspective view showing the air flow control member 8 that controls the air flow direction arranged in the air storage section 30 of the excavator shown in FIG. 10.

  In the excavator 1b according to the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment (see FIG. 2), the partition body and the air hose are not provided inside the air tank member 3. Instead, the air flow control member 8 that controls the flow direction of the air supplied from the connection joint 34 in the air storage portion 30 is fixed to the upper surface portion of the connection body 33.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the air flow control member 8 has a shape like a bowl. Specifically, the air flow control member 8 includes a ball-shaped receiving portion 81 that receives air directly from the outlet 340 of the connection joint 34 and a substantially conical support 82 that supports the receiving portion 81. The supporting body 82 is provided with a required number (in this embodiment, a plurality of, four locations) of circulation holes 821 through which air passes. The air flow control member 8 is disposed so that the axial center of the support 82 is positioned above the flow hole 331 of the central piston case 22.

  With the above-described configuration, the air supplied from the connection joint 34 hits the receiving portion 81 of the air flow control member 8 and rebounds and swirls within the air storage portion 30. A part of the air is introduced into the piston case 22 from the central flow hole 331 through the flow hole 821 of the support 82 of the air flow control member 8. Further, the remaining air passes through the side of the air flow control member 8 and is introduced into the piston case 22 from a flow hole 331 provided near the outer periphery.

  Thus, by changing the flow of air in the air reservoir 30, the arrival time of air introduced from the air reservoir 30 to the piston case 22 can be changed. Other operations and effects are the same as or substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the shape of the receiving part 81a of the air flow control member 8 can be flattened, elliptical, rectangular or square, or other polygons or irregular shapes (irregular) Shape).

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional explanatory view showing a fourth embodiment of the excavator constituting the rotary excavator according to the present invention,
FIG. 14 is an explanatory perspective view showing the air flow control member 9 that controls the flow of air arranged in the air storage section 30 of the excavator 1c shown in FIG.

  In the excavator 1 c according to the present embodiment, unlike the third embodiment (see FIG. 10), the air flow control member 9 that controls the flow of the air sent from the air reservoir 30 to the piston case 22 The upper surface is rotatably provided.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the air flow control member 9 includes a rotating body 91 that is a plate having a required thickness and a substantially circular shape in plan view, and a shaft portion 92 that hangs down at the center of the bottom of the rotating body 91. ing. The outer diameter of the rotating body 91 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the base end surface (upper surface in FIG. 13) of the coupling body 33 of the air tank member 3. The shaft portion 92 is rotatably inserted into the central flow hole 331 of the coupling body 33.

  The rotating body 91 has a blade body 911 that is an air receiving portion having a substantially triangular shape in a side view. When the air hits the blade body 911, the rotating body 91 rotates by itself without receiving power from others. ing. Further, the rotating body 91 is provided with a required number (two or more in this embodiment) of communication holes 921. When the rotating body 91 rotates, the communication holes 921 and the flow holes 331 of the connecting body 33 communicate with each other. It is supposed to be. In addition, the blade body 911 may be provided with a slight inclination with respect to the rotating body 91 so that the rotating body 91 rotates smoothly.

  With the above-described configuration, the air flow control member 9 is rotated in the circumferential direction around the shaft body 92 by the air supplied from the connection joint 34, and the flow of air to the piston case 22 is temporarily controlled. . As a result, air is introduced from the air reservoir 30 to each piston case 22 not simultaneously but with a time lag. Other operations and effects are the same as or substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Note that the terms and expressions used in this specification are merely explanatory and are not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions. The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

  Further, in the claims, the reference numerals used in the drawings are described in parentheses in order to facilitate understanding of the contents of the claims, but the claims are not limited to those described in the drawings. Absent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The 1st Example of the excavation apparatus which comprises the rotary excavator which concerns on this invention is shown, The explanatory view which looked at the excavation apparatus 1 from the bottom perspective direction. Explanatory drawing of the longitudinal cross-section of the excavation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. Exploded perspective view of the excavator 1 shown in FIG. Side view explanatory drawing which shows the rotary excavator 6 mainly comprised by the rotation drive device 5 and the excavation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. The graph showing the result of having measured the vibration which arose when excavation work was performed using excavation equipment 1 concerning this example. The graph showing the result of having measured the noise which generate | occur | produced when performing excavation work using the excavation apparatus 1 which concerns on a present Example. The graph showing the result of having measured the vibration which occurred when excavation work was performed using the conventional down the hole hammer. The graph showing the result of having measured the noise generated when excavating using a conventional down-the-hole hammer. The longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd Example of the excavation apparatus which comprises the rotary excavator which concerns on this invention. The longitudinal section explanatory view showing the 3rd example of the excavation device which constitutes the rotary excavator concerning the present invention. Explanatory perspective drawing which shows the air distribution control member 8 which controls the flow direction of the air arrange | positioned at the air storage part 30 of the excavator shown in FIG. The perspective explanatory view showing other examples of the air distribution control member. Longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the 4th Example of the excavation apparatus which comprises the rotary excavator which concerns on this invention. Explanatory perspective drawing which shows the air distribution control member 9 which controls the distribution | circulation of the air arrange | positioned at the air storage part 30 of the excavation apparatus 1c shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a, 1b, 1c Excavator 2 Excavator bit member 3 Air tank member 5 Rotation drive device 6 Rotating excavator 7 Kelly rod 8, 9 Air flow control member 21 Connection body 22 Piston case 23 Piston case attachment body 24 Drive chuck 25 Chuck guide 26 Flat bar 30 Air storage part 31 Bolt 32 Nut 33 Connection body 34 Connection joint 36 Flat bar 41, 42 Bit 50 Rotation drive body
51 drive bush 52 outrigger 71 support shaft 72 supply pipe 73 wire 81 receiving portion 82 support 91 rotating body 92 shaft body 92 shaft portion 211 hole 222 insertion portion 223 ring 223 insertion portion 230 sand 231 cylindrical main body 232 piston case casing 233, 234 Cover body 235, 236 Insertion hole 241 Hole 242 Non-rotating portion 251 Bolt 252 Nut 253 Recess 254 Recess 255 Mounting hole 256 Recess 331 Flow hole 340 Outlet 341 Partition 342 Connection hole 351, 352 Air hose 411, 421 Head 412 Button chip 600 Temporary scaffolding 821 Flow hole 911 Blade body 921 Communication hole

Claims (6)

Excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) for underground excavation, and rotary drive device (5) capable of giving rotational motion to the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) A rotary excavator equipped with
The excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) is a bit (41, 41) that advances and retreats toward the excavation side of the excavator body (2) by being given a striking force by the energy of the working fluid. 42), the bit (41, 42) is smaller than the excavator body (2), and a plurality of the bits (41, 42) are configured to be driven to strike each other at different times. It is characterized by
Rotary excavator. A rotary excavator provided with a drilling device (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) for underground excavation, and a rotary drive device (5),
The excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) is a bit (41, 41) that advances and retreats toward the excavation side of the excavator body (2) by being given a striking force by the energy of the working fluid. 42), the bit (41, 42) is smaller than the excavator body (2), and a plurality of the bits (41, 42) are configured to be driven to strike each other at different times. And
The rotary drive device (5) is configured so that the excavation position of the bid (42) of the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) moves relative to the excavation surface. ) (1b) (1c) is configured to be able to give a rotational motion,
Rotary excavator. The drilling rig (1) (1a) (1b) (1c) includes a piston case (22) containing a piston that gives a biting force to the bits (41, 42) by the energy of the working fluid,
A plurality of piston cases (22) are accommodated in the excavator body (2) corresponding to the number of bits (41, 42).
The rotary excavator according to claim 1 or 2. The excavator body (2) is provided with a vibration-proof material and / or a sound-proof material (230) so as to surround the piston case (22),
The rotary excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The rotary drive (5)
A rotary drive main body (50) that can be mounted with the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c), and that gives the rotary motion to the excavator (1) (1a) (1b) (1c);
An outrigger (52) that supports the rotary drive body (50);
It is characterized by having,
The rotary excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The rotary excavator (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is configured,
Rotation drive device.

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