JP2001173351A - Excavation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the need for the selection of a place because a low bed type turning device is used, to simply exchange and use screw drilling and down the hole hammer drilling quickly and to efficiently excavate a ground by using an excavation means fitted for the ground and geology. SOLUTION: The turning device 1, to which a center-hole revolution body 5 in which an engaging section for a clutch conducting common engagement with a casing 3 and a screw blade 20 is formed to the internal surface of a hole is mounted, is installed, and a down the hole hammer 2 and an auger screw 18 are set to the turning device 1 in an exchangeable manner as required and excavation is conducted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavation method and apparatus which can use both a down-the-hole hammer and an auger screw.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A down-the-hole hammer having a striking head by air is suitable for drilling a hard ground such as a bedrock, and a slime treatment can be surely performed so that a steel pipe pile and an H-shaped pile can be smoothly inserted. A hole is obtained. The down-the-hole hammer is usually set on a three-point pile driver having a leader.

However, a three-point pile driver cannot be loaded or installed because a sufficient height cannot be secured under a bridge, under a high-voltage line, in a tunnel, or in a vertical shaft. In addition, the three-point pile driver has a gross weight. There are 60 to 120 tons, and it may not be possible to carry in or install in mountainous areas, sloping places, etc. In that case, the down-the-hole hammer cannot be used.

On the other hand, there has been proposed an excavator in which a low-floor type rotating device 1 installed on the ground as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 is combined with a down-the-hole hammer 2. The down-the-hole hammer 2 has a hammer head 2a attached to the tip and a casing 3 disposed around a shaft thereof. The casing 3 is provided with a groove 3a for engagement.

The rotating device 1 includes the casing 3
A center hole rotating body 5 having a projection on a hole surface is provided as a clutch engaging portion 4 to the groove 3a. In the drawing, reference numeral 6 denotes a motor for rotating the center hole rotating body 5, and reference numeral 7 denotes a speed reducer.

[0006] The rotating device 1 is installed on the core of the pile with a crane or the like, and the weight 8 is attached. Then, the down-the-hole hammer 2 is inserted into the center hole from above with a crane, and the groove 3a of the casing 3 is engaged with the clutch engaging portion 4. The compressor 9 and the receiver tank 10 are connected in advance.

Then, the compressor 9 is operated to send air to the down-the-hole hammer 2 to start hitting. At the same time, the motor 6 is driven by the hydraulic unit 11 driven by the generator 12, and the center hole is rotated via the speed reducer 7. Body 5
, And the down-the-hole hammer 2 is also rotated to perform drilling. The earth and sand excavated by the hammer head 2a rises around the casing 3 and is discharged.

[0008]

In the excavator shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, drilling by the rotating device 1 is limited to a down-the-hole hammer. Has to rely on a conventional top drive type three-point pile driver in which a driving device is suspended and a screw rod is connected to the driving device. Naturally, it cannot be used in places where a three-point pile driver cannot be installed.

[0009] Also, in Japan's topography and ground, there are many cross layers where soft ground made of general soil and hard ground such as gravel and rock alternate, and a screw rod that fits soft ground and a down-the-hole hammer that fits hard ground are rearranged. To use
In a conventional top drive type three-point type pile driver, the change of the drilling means becomes large and time-consuming.

[0010] An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and to use a low-floor type rotating device, so that it can be used in any place, and to easily and quickly perform screw drilling and down-the-hole hammer drilling. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavation method and an excavation method which can be exchanged and can be efficiently excavated using excavation means suitable for the ground and geology.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, as an excavation method, a center hole rotating body in which a clutch engaging portion for performing a common engagement with a casing and a screw blade is formed on an inner surface of a hole. A rotating device provided with a hole, a down-the-hole hammer and an auger screw are set in the rotating device so that they can be exchanged as necessary, and digging is performed. The rotating device is made of H steel which also serves as a rotating reaction force. The gist is to set it on a framed ruler.

[0012] As the excavator, a down-the-hole hammer having a casing in which an engaging portion continuous in the vertical direction is formed on the outer periphery, and an auger in which the engaging portion is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the screw blade so as to be linearly arranged in the vertical direction. The gist comprises a screw and a rotating device provided with a center hole rotating body in which a clutch engaging portion for performing common engagement with the engaging portion of the casing and the engaging portion of the screw blade is formed on the inner surface of the hole. It is assumed that.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotating device provided with the center hole rotating body is a low-floor type rotating device, and has a sufficient height under a bridge, under a high-voltage line, in a tunnel, in a shaft, or the like. Since it cannot be secured, the three-point pile driver can be installed even in places where it cannot be loaded or installed, and it does not have to be chosen anywhere.

In addition, since a down-the-hole hammer and an auger screw can be set in the rotating device so that they can be exchanged as necessary, the excavation can be performed easily and quickly. I can do it.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described operation, the ruler also has a rotational reaction force, so that there is no need for a counterweight and, at the same time, it is required for installing a rotating device. The index of the pile core can also be easily and quickly performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned operation, when excavating by setting a down-the-hole hammer and an auger screw in the rotating device such that the hammer and the auger screw can be replaced in the rotating device as needed. Simply by hanging a hammer or auger screw with a crane or the like, the clutch engaging portion of the center hole rotating body of the rotating device engages with the engaging portion of the casing or the engaging portion of the screw blade to rotate them. Can be.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 5 and 6 are front views showing the outline of the excavation method of the present invention. First, the excavator of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. A motor 6 and a speed reducer 7 that are driven to rotate on a base 13 provided with
The speed reducer 7 was connected to a center-hole type drive wheel 15.

Then, a center hole rotating body 5 as a clutch holder was incorporated into the driving wheel 15 by fastening a flange or the like with a pin. In the present embodiment, the center hole rotating body 5 is formed with protrusions on the inner peripheral surface of the hole at 90 ° intervals in the vertical direction as the clutch engaging portions 4.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the down-the-hole hammer 2 is provided with a hammer head 2a at the tip thereof and a casing 3 disposed around a shaft of the hammer head 2a. A groove 3a for engagement is provided as an engagement part with the part 4. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The casing 3 is also provided with a groove 3a for engagement.
To be continuous with the groove 3a of the lower casing 3.

In the present embodiment, the groove 3a is formed by welding two elongated pieces to the outer periphery of the casing 3 in parallel at an interval. Although the lower end of the hammer head 2a provided with the bit protrudes from the lower end of the casing 3, the outer periphery of the lower end of the hammer head 2a is vertically aligned with the groove 3a of the casing 3 as shown in FIG. Groove 17
Was formed.

As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG.
Reference numeral 18 denotes a shaft provided with a thick screw blade 20 on a shaft 19, and a concave portion formed on the outer peripheral portion of the screw blade 20 so as to be linearly arranged in the vertical direction as an engaging portion with the clutch engaging portion 4. 21 was formed. In the present embodiment, the concave portions 21 are also provided at 90 ° intervals.

The same applies to the auger head 22 of the auger screw 18. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, concave portions 21 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the screw blade 23 at 90 ° intervals as engaging portions with the clutch engaging portion 4. Were formed so as to be linearly arranged in the vertical direction. In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a drill bit.

In the down-the-hole hammer 2 and the auger screw 18, between the pieces and the connection between the pieces and the head, a male part having a hexagonal column and a female part having a hexagonal hole are fitted together, and semicircular grooves formed on both sides are formed. The pin is engaged with the circular hole that matches the shape of the pin to prevent the pin from coming off.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating device 1 is set on a roughly centered ruler 25 with a crane or the like, the level is adjusted with the cylinder legs 14, and the rotary device 1 is set on the core of the pile. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotating device 1 is connected to a hydraulic unit 11 and further connected to a generator 12.

As shown in FIG. 18, the ruler 25 is a horizontally long rectangular frame made of H steel which also serves as a ruler and a rotational reaction force. In addition, the H steel forming the longitudinal side of the ruler 25 is configured such that the groove between the flanges can be used in the upward opening with the weak axis direction being up and down, and the length is 3 to 3 times the width of the rotating device 1. 4 times. Therefore, the cylinder legs 14 are inserted into the grooves between the flanges, and are slid sideways so that three to four pile cores are provided.
The rotation device 1 can be positioned at 33. The pile core 33 is marked on the ruler 25 in advance.

As shown in FIG. 2, with the injection hose 26 set in the swivel device, the down-the-hole hammer 2
Alternatively, the auger screw 18 is set on the rotating device 1. In the case of the down-the-hole hammer 2, the clutch engaging portion 4 of the center hole rotating body 5 engages with the engaging groove 3 a of the casing 3, and in the case of the auger screw 18, the screw blade 20 The down-the-hole hammer 2 and the auger screw 18 are suspended from the center hole rotating body 5 by a crane so that the concave portion 21 is engaged with the clutch engaging portion 4.

The groove 17 on the outer periphery of the lower end of the hammer head 2a and the concave portion 21 of the auger head 22 function as an engagement introduction portion for introducing the engagement portion 4 for a clutch.

The auger screw 18 is not suitable for hard ground such as rock and boulders, and is suitable for general ground and soft ground.
On the other hand, the down-the-hole hammer 2 is unsuitable because it does not hit on general ground or soft ground, and is suitable for hard ground such as rock and boulders. Therefore, the down-the-hole hammer 2 and the auger screw 18 are set in the rotating device 1 such that they can be exchanged as needed, and excavation is performed.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
In the case of 18, the injection hose 26 is connected to a compressor 27 and a batcher plant 28, and the rotating device 1 drives the motor 6 by the hydraulic unit 11 driven by the generator 12, and the speed reducer 7
The auger screw 18 is also rotated by rotating the center hole rotating body 5 through the hole, and drills while performing injection (air, water, bentonite, etc.) from the injection hose 26 to the ground.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, in the case of the down-the-hole hammer 2, the compressor 9 and the receiver tank 10 are used.
, The compressor 9 is operated, the air is sent to the down-the-hole hammer 2, the blow is started, and at the same time, the motor 6 is driven by the hydraulic unit 11 driven by the generator 12.
Is driven to rotate the center hole rotating body 5 via the speed reducer 7, thereby rotating the down-the-hole hammer 2 to perform drilling. The earth and sand excavated by the hammer head 2a rises around the casing 3 and is discharged.

As shown in FIG. 4, when a refill is required, a piece rod of a required length is refilled and drilled. After drilling is completed, as shown in FIGS.
In the case of (2), the screw is pulled out.

In the case of the auger screw 18 where cementing is necessary, cement milk or the like is injected when the screw is pulled out.

[0033]

As described above, the excavation method and apparatus according to the present invention use a low-floor type rotating device, so that it can be used in any place, and furthermore, the screw drilling and down-the-hole hammer drilling can be simplified. It can be exchanged quickly and can be excavated efficiently using excavation means suitable for the ground and geology.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first step showing one embodiment of an excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a second step showing one embodiment of the excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a third step showing one embodiment of the excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a fourth step showing one embodiment of the excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the fifth step showing an embodiment of the excavation method of the present invention in the case of an auger screw.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the fifth step of the embodiment of the excavation method of the present invention in the case of a down-the-hole hammer.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the rotating device.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a center hole rotating body of the rotating device.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the rotating device.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a down-the-hole hammer.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a down-the-hole hammer.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a hammer head of the down-the-hole hammer.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a refill piece of the down-the-hole hammer.

FIG. 14 is a side view of the auger screw.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of an auger screw.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the auger head of the auger screw.

FIG. 17 is a bottom view of the auger head of the auger screw.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example of a ruler.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a rotating device in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating device 2 ... Down the hole hammer 2a ... Hammer head 3 ... Casing 3a ... Groove 4 ... Clutch engagement part 5 ... Center hole rotating body 6 ... Motor 7 ... Reduction gear 8 ... Weight 9 ... Compressor 10 ... Receiver tank 11 … Hydraulic unit 12… Generator 13… Base 14… Cylinder leg 15… Drive wheel 16… Piping piece 17… Groove 18… Auger screw 19… Shaft 20… Screw blade 21… Recess 22… Auger head 23… Screw blade 24 ... Drilling bit 25 ... Rule 26 ... Injection hose 27 ... Compressor 28 ... Batcher plant 32 ... Piping piece 33 ... Pile core

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotating device provided with a center hole rotating body having a clutch engaging portion for performing common engagement with a casing and a screw blade is formed on an inner surface of a hole, and a down-the-hole hammer and an auger screw are required. An excavation method characterized in that the excavation is performed by setting the excavator in a rotating device so as to be exchangeable according to the situation. 2. The excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the rotating device is set on a ruler framed with H steel that also serves as a rotating reaction force. 3. A down-the-hole hammer having a casing in which an engaging portion continuous in the vertical direction is formed on the outer periphery, and an auger screw in which the engaging portion is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the screw blade so as to be linearly arranged in the vertical direction. A digging device comprising: a rotating device provided with a center hole rotating body in which a clutch engaging portion for performing common engagement with the engaging portion of the casing and the engaging portion of the screw blade is formed on the inner surface of the hole. apparatus.