JP2007085494A - Three-way selector valve - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-way selector valve, causing transition from either of two passage communicating states directly to the totally closed state of keeping the closed state of all passages, and preventing all passages from being opened at the same time in the midway of switching from one passage communicating state to the other passage communicating state. <P>SOLUTION: A body piston chamber 112 to which a pair of main body pistons 131a, 131b are connected, and which stores a valve element 141 and a valve seat 146, and a stopper piston chamber 115 which stores a stopper piston 151 connected and separated to and from the main body piston 131a through a rod 155 and has a larger sectional area than the body piston chamber 112 are provided in the case body 111. A high-pressure joint H is connected to the main body piston chamber 112, and a medium pressure joint M and a low-pressure joint L are connected to the position of the valve seat 146. The main body pistons 131a, 131b and the stopper piston 151 are moved by pressure drive to control the valve element 141 in three stop positions. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-way switching valve used for switching a flow path in a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner such as a refrigeration apparatus or an air conditioner.

  Conventionally, a sliding three-way selector valve used in a refrigeration cycle is in sliding contact with the valve seat surface in the valve chamber and slides in the axial direction with respect to the valve seat surface in the valve chamber. Switching the flow path and controlling the flow rate are performed by opening and closing the open flow path.

  Specifically, the slide valve is moved so as to seal each of the two outlet pipes provided in the valve casing by switching the pressures of the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber configured in the valve casing by the pilot valve. Thus, there is a double-acting flow path switching valve that switches the flow path (for example, Patent Document 1).

Further, the front surface of the block-shaped valve body connected to the plunger of the electromagnetic solenoid device is in sliding contact with the valve seat surface in the valve chamber, and slides in the axial direction with respect to the valve seat surface in the valve chamber. There is a direct-acting slide-type electromagnetic valve that opens and closes a port opened on a seating surface and thereby switches a flow path (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP-A-5-340482 JP 2004-218773 A

  Three flow paths are connected to the three-way switching valve. Between the first communication state in which two sets of flow paths are communicated and the second communication state in which two other sets of flow paths are communicated. However, the conventional three-way switching valve in Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot maintain the state in which the three flow paths are closed simultaneously. That is, since the slide valve is controlled so as to stop at the two positions of the first communication state and the second communication state, three positions including the state of simultaneously closing the three flow paths are added. The slide valve could not be controlled by the position.

  However, it is important to be able to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state in any flow path state in terms of suppressing the mixing of the high and low pressure refrigerants and improving the system efficiency.

  Further, in the three-way switching valve of Patent Document 1, when the three flow paths are transiently opened during the switching of the flow paths between the first communication state and the second communication state, There is. When the three flow paths are opened simultaneously, fluids from the three flow paths mix. When the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant are mixed, the system efficiency is lowered and becomes an obstacle to energy saving.

  The present invention can shift directly from any of the two channel communication states to a fully closed state in which the state of closing all the channels is maintained, and from one channel communication state to the other. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-way switching valve in which all the channels are not simultaneously opened during switching to the channel communication state.

The three-way switching valve of the present invention is in a cylindrical case body,
A pair of body pistons, a valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the case body, a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seats, A valve body to which the main body piston is connected, and a main body piston chamber for housing the main body piston chamber,
One of the main body piston and the stopper piston that can be contacted and separated via the rod is housed, provided on one end side of the main body piston chamber, and provided with a stopper piston chamber having a larger cross-sectional area than the main body piston chamber,
A high pressure joint is connected to the case body such that a channel opening is located between the pair of body pistons in the body piston chamber;
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that the flow passage openings are arranged in the movement direction of the valve body at the position of the valve seat in the body piston chamber,
The stopper piston is pressed against and contacted with the outer end of the stopper piston chamber by pressure driving, and the pair of body pistons are pressed against and contacted with the stopper piston side end of the body piston chamber. The valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint. And
By the pressure drive, the stopper piston is pressed against and contacts the inner end of the stopper piston chamber, and the pair of body pistons are pressed toward the stopper piston so that one body piston is interposed through the rod. The valve body is positioned at a position where the slide portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint. Close all flow paths of the high pressure joint, medium pressure joint, and low pressure joint,
Position where the pair of main body pistons are pressed to the opposite side of the stopper piston by pressure driving to open the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the slide portion covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint The valve body is positioned in the position, thereby opening a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint.

  According to the above three-way switching valve, there are three states: a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, and a fully closed state. The valve body can be stopped. In other words, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, in either a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened or a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened. Even if it exists, it can transfer to a fully closed state directly.

  Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the middle of switching the state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened and the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, the flow path can be fully closed, All three flow paths of the high-pressure joint, the medium-pressure joint, and the low-pressure joint are not opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

The three-way switching valve of the present invention is provided in the cylindrical first case body,
A pair of first pistons, a first valve seat disposed on an inner surface of the first case body, and a first valve body having the pair of first pistons connected to both sides are housed. A first piston chamber is provided,
A high pressure joint is connected to the first case body such that a flow path opening is located between the pair of first pistons in the first piston chamber;
A two-way switching valve portion having a relay joint connected to the first case body at the position of the first valve seat in the first piston chamber;
In the cylinder-shaped second case body,
A pair of second pistons, a second valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the second case main body, and a cup portion forming a cavity between the second valve seats, the pair on both sides. A second valve body that houses the second valve body to which the second piston is connected,
The relay joint is connected to the second case body so that a flow path opening is located between the pair of second pistons in the second piston chamber;
The intermediate pressure joint and the low pressure joint are connected to the second case body so that the respective flow path openings are arranged in the movement direction of the second valve body at the position of the second valve seat in the second piston chamber. A three-way selector valve connected to
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the flow passage opening of the relay joint is opened by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path to the relay joint is opened, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure of the pair of second pistons causes the cup portion of the second valve body to be connected to the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the low pressure Positioning the second valve body at a position covering the flow path opening of the joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint;
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the first valve body covers the flow path opening of the relay joint by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path from the high-pressure joint to the relay joint is closed, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure opening against the pair of second pistons opens the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion The second valve body is positioned at a position covering the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby closing all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint,
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the flow passage opening of the relay joint is opened by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path to the relay joint is opened, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure opening against the pair of second pistons opens the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion of the low pressure joint. The second valve body is positioned at a position covering the flow path opening, thereby opening the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint.

  According to the above three-way switching valve, there are three states: a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, and a fully closed state. The valve body can be stopped. In other words, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, in either a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened or a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened. Even if it exists, it can transfer to a fully closed state directly.

  Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the middle of switching the state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened and the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, the flow path can be fully closed, All three flow paths of the high-pressure joint, the medium-pressure joint, and the low-pressure joint are not opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

The three-way switching valve of the present invention is in a cylindrical case body,
A valve body storage chamber for storing a valve seat disposed on the inner side surface of the case body, a valve body that includes a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seat and the valve seat. When,
A main body piston chamber connected to the valve body, and a main body piston chamber provided at one end of the valve body storage chamber;
A stopper piston that can be brought into contact with and separated from the main body piston via a rod is housed, provided on the opposite side of the main body piston chamber from the valve body housing chamber, and a stopper piston chamber having a larger sectional area than the main body piston chamber Is provided,
A high-pressure joint is connected to the case body so that a flow path opening is located in the valve body storage chamber,
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that respective flow path openings are aligned in the movement direction of the valve body at the position of the valve seat in the valve body storage chamber,
With the pressure drive, the stopper piston is pressed against and contacts the outer end of the stopper piston chamber, and the body piston is pressed against and contacts the stopper piston side end of the body piston chamber, Positioning the valve body at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint;
When the stopper piston is pressed against the inner end of the stopper piston chamber by pressure driving, the main body piston is pressed toward the stopper piston and contacts the stopper piston via the rod. The valve body is positioned at a position where the slide portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint, whereby the high pressure joint, intermediate pressure joint, low pressure Close all the flow paths in the joint,
By pressure driving, the main body piston is pressed to the opposite side of the stopper piston, the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint is opened, and the slide portion is in a position covering the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint. The valve body is positioned, thereby opening a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint.

  According to the above three-way switching valve, there are three states: a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, and a fully closed state. The valve body can be stopped. In other words, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, in either a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened or a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened. Even if it exists, it can transfer to a fully closed state directly.

  Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the middle of switching the state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened and the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, the flow path can be fully closed, All three flow paths of the high-pressure joint, the medium-pressure joint, and the low-pressure joint are not opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

The three-way switching valve of the present invention is in a cylindrical case body,
A valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the case body, a first valve body made of a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a second cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seat. A valve body storage chamber for storing the valve body;
Storing a first piston connected to the first valve body; and a first piston chamber provided at one end of the valve body storage chamber;
A second piston connected to the second valve body, and a second piston chamber provided on the other end side of the valve body storage chamber; and
A high-pressure joint is connected to the case body so that a flow path opening is located in the valve body storage chamber,
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that the respective flow path openings are arranged at the position of the valve seat in the valve body storage chamber,
By the pressure drive, the first piston is pressed against the outer end of the first piston chamber and abuts, and the second piston is pressed against the inner end of the second piston chamber and abuts. And the second valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint, whereby the intermediate pressure joint is connected to the low pressure joint. Open the channel,
By the pressure drive, the second piston is pressed against the outer end of the second piston chamber and comes into contact with the first piston, and the first piston is pressed against and brought into contact with the inner end of the first piston chamber. And the first valve body covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion of the second valve body covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint. Position the valve body, thereby closing all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, intermediate pressure joint, and low pressure joint,
By the pressure drive, the first piston is pressed against the outer end of the first piston chamber and abuts, and the second piston is pressed against the outer end of the second piston chamber and abuts. The first valve body opens the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint, and the second valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint. A flow path from the joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened.

  According to the above three-way switching valve, there are three states: a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, and a fully closed state. The valve body can be stopped. In other words, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, in either a state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened or a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened. Even if it exists, it can transfer to a fully closed state directly.

  Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the middle of switching the state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened and the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the medium pressure joint is opened, the flow path can be fully closed, All three flow paths of the high-pressure joint, the medium-pressure joint, and the low-pressure joint are not opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

According to the three-way switching valve of the present invention, it is possible to shift from any of the two flow channel communication states to the fully closed state in which the state of closing all the flow channels is maintained.
According to the three-way switching valve of the present invention, since all the channels are not simultaneously opened while switching from one channel communication state to the other channel communication state, mixing of the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant is prevented. Is prevented.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are sectional views showing a first embodiment of the three-way switching valve according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a flow path from a medium pressure joint to a low pressure joint is opened, and FIG. FIG. 3 shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the joint, intermediate pressure joint, and low pressure joint are closed, and FIG. 3 shows a state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened.

The three-way switching valve of the present embodiment performs switching between a flow path from an intermediate pressure joint to a low pressure joint and a flow path from a high pressure joint to an intermediate pressure joint constituting the refrigerant flow path.
As shown in FIG. 1, the three-way switching valve 100 of this embodiment includes a cylindrical case body 111. Both ends of the case body 111 are sealed with lids 113 and 116. Inside the case main body 111, a main body piston chamber 112 and a stopper piston chamber 115 disposed at one end thereof are provided.

In the main body piston chamber 112, a pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b, a valve body 141, and a valve seat 146 are accommodated.
The main body piston 131a is connected to one side of the valve body 141 through a guide 144. The main body piston 131b is connected to the other side of the valve body 141 through a guide 145. Since the guide 144 and the guide 145 are integrated parts, they are flat plates, and the guide 144 that connects the main body piston 131a and the valve body 141 is provided with a through hole 144a.

  The main body piston 131a has a structure in which a packing 133a is sandwiched between a piston guide 132a and a reinforcing plate 134a. Similarly, the main body piston 131b has a structure in which the packing 133b is sandwiched between the piston guide 132b and the reinforcing plate 134b. The main body pistons 131 a and 131 b move in the longitudinal direction of the case main body 111 in the main body piston chamber 112 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case main body 111.

  The valve element 141 includes a slide part 142 and a cup part 143 that are arranged so as to line up in the moving direction of the valve element 141. The lower surface of the slide portion 142 abuts on the valve seat 146 and slides on the valve seat 146. The cup part 143 has a shape in which a cup-shaped container is turned over, and forms a cavity with the valve seat 146.

The valve seat 146 is disposed on the inner side surface of the case main body 111.
A stopper piston 151 is accommodated in the stopper piston chamber 115. The stopper piston 151 has a structure in which a packing 153 is sandwiched between a piston guide 152 and a packing guide 154. The stopper piston 151 moves in the stopper piston chamber 115 in the longitudinal direction of the case body 111 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case body 111. A rod 155 is connected to the stopper piston 151, and the stopper piston 151 contacts and separates from the main body piston 131a via the rod 155. The rod 155 moves while sliding with the packing 119, so that the stopper piston chamber 115 and an outer chamber of a main body piston 131a described later are hermetically isolated.

The sectional area of the stopper piston chamber 115 is larger than the sectional area of the main body piston chamber 112.
The case main body 111 is connected to a high pressure joint H, a medium pressure joint M, and a low pressure joint L. The high-pressure joint H is communicated with a flow path for sucking a fluid of high pressure h, and is connected to the case body 111 so that the flow path opening 161 is positioned between the main body piston 131a and the main body piston 131b in the main body piston chamber 112. It is connected.

  The intermediate pressure joint M communicates with a flow path that sucks and discharges fluid of medium pressure m, and is connected to the case main body 111 so that the flow path opening 162 is positioned at the valve seat 146 in the main body piston chamber 112. It is connected.

  The low pressure joint L communicates with a flow path for discharging a low pressure 1 fluid, and is connected to the case main body 111 so that the flow path opening 163 is positioned at the valve seat 146 in the main body piston chamber 112. . The flow passage opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 163 of the low pressure joint L are arranged so as to be aligned in the moving direction of the valve body 141 from the stopper piston chamber 115 side.

  The three-way switching valve 100 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration includes the main body pistons 131a and 131b and the stopper piston by the high pressure h from the high pressure fluid from the high pressure joint H and the low pressure l from the low pressure fluid from the low pressure joint L. 151 is driven under pressure, thereby moving the valve body 141 to the three stop positions shown in FIGS.

In order to move the valve body 141 by switching the pressure drive, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a stopper electromagnetic unit 191 and a main body electromagnetic unit 195 that perform pressure switching by electromagnetic drive are provided. The basic structure of the stopper electromagnetic part 191 and the main body electromagnetic part 195 is the same as that of a known electromagnetic valve.

  The stopper electromagnetic unit 191 includes a plunger 193, an electromagnetic coil 192 that moves the plunger 193 energized by elastic force between two stop positions by turning on and off, and a valve body provided at the tip of the plunger 193. 194. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the stopper piston 151 in the stopper piston chamber 115 via the capillary tube A. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the inner chamber of the stopper piston 151 in the stopper piston chamber 115 via the capillary tube B.

  When the electromagnetic coil 192 is turned on and off, the valve is moved so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube B can be switched to each other.

  The main body electromagnetic unit 195 includes a plunger 197 urged by an elastic force, an electromagnetic coil 196 that moves the plunger 197 between two stop positions by turning on and off, and a valve body 198 provided at the tip of the plunger 197. And. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the main body piston 131 a in the main body piston chamber 112 via the capillary tube C. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the main body piston 131 b in the main body piston chamber 112 via the capillary tube D.

  When the electromagnetic coil 196 is turned on / off, the valve is moved so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other. The state where the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other can be switched.

  In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, An operation of moving the valve element 141 by switching the pressure between the state in which the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 1, that is, when the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic part 191 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. It is assumed that L and capillary tube A are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Accordingly, the stopper piston 151 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the stopper piston 151 contacts the outer end portion 118 of the stopper piston chamber 115, and the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b are stopped until the main body piston 131a contacts the end portion 114 of the main body piston chamber 112. Move to the chamber 115 side.

  Accordingly, the valve body 141 is disposed at a position where the cup portion 143 covers the flow passage opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 163 of the low pressure joint L, and the intermediate pressure joint is interposed via the internal cavity of the cup portion 143. The flow path from M to the low pressure joint L is opened.

  In the state shown in FIG. 2, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic unit 191 is turned off, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube are turned off. It is assumed that A is in communication and the low-pressure joint L and capillary tube B are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Thereby, the stopper piston 151 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the stopper piston 151 comes into contact with the inner end portion 117 of the stopper piston chamber 115. Here, since the sectional area of the stopper piston chamber 115 is larger than the sectional area of the main body piston chamber 112, the pressing force of the outer surface of the stopper piston 151 having a larger pressure receiving area of the high pressure h is larger than the pressing force of the outer surface of the main body piston 131b. Also grows. As a result, the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b move toward the stopper piston chamber 115, but the main body piston 131a comes into contact with the rod 155 and stops. That is, the stopper piston 151 contacts the inner end 117 of the stopper piston chamber 115 in a state where the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b are pressed rightward in the drawing.

  Accordingly, the valve body 141 is disposed at a position where the slide portion 142 covers the flow passage opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the cup portion 143 covers the flow passage opening 163 of the low pressure joint L. M, all the flow paths of the low pressure joint L are closed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 3, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic part 191 is turned off, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. L and the capillary tube B are in communication with each other. On the other hand, energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned on so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Thereby, the stopper piston 151 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the stopper piston 151 contacts the inner end 117 of the stopper piston chamber 115, and the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b are opposite to the stopper piston chamber 115 until the main body piston 131b contacts the lid body 113. Move to the side.

  As a result, the valve body 141 moves to the right in the drawing from the flow path opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the slide portion 142 is disposed at a position covering the flow path opening 163 of the low pressure joint L. And the through-hole 144a of the guide 144 is arrange | positioned between the flow-path opening 161 of the high-pressure joint H, and the flow-path opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the flow path from the high-pressure joint H to the intermediate-pressure joint M is opened. .

  After the movement of the valve element 141 to each state described above, the high pressure h or the low pressure l from the capillary tubes A to D is changed to an appropriate pressure in order to obtain a more appropriate pressure state. Also good.

  According to the above three-way switching valve 100, the state where the flow path from the medium pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the medium pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state The valve body 141 can be stopped in these three states. That is, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened. In any state, it is possible to shift directly to the fully closed state. Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Further, in the middle of switching between a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the flow path is fully closed. The three flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are not all opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

  Further, in all the states of the state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state, Since 141 is pressurized to the valve seat 146 by the fluid of the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H, a reliable sealing state is always obtained at the contact surface between the valve body 141 and the valve seat 146, and between the contact surfaces of each other It is possible to prevent fluid from leaking out.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, a pipe 165 that penetrates the flat guide 144 and has the same inner diameter as the high-pressure joint H and the medium-pressure joint M may be provided. . Accordingly, in the state of FIG. 3 in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the pipe 165 is interposed between the flow path opening 161 of the high pressure joint H and the flow path opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M. Since the fluid is arranged and flows from the high-pressure joint H to the intermediate-pressure joint M via the pipe 165, a good flow state is obtained.

  4 to 6 are sectional views showing modified examples of the above-described three-way switching valve. FIG. 4 shows a state in which a flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, and FIG. 5 shows a high pressure joint and an intermediate pressure. FIG. 6 shows a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the joint and the low pressure joint are closed, and FIG. 6 shows a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened. Members and the like corresponding to the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The three-way switching valve 100 in this modified example has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, but is a communication hole that allows the stopper piston chamber 115 to communicate with the outer chamber of the main body piston 131a in the main body piston chamber 112. 164 is provided to make these chambers have the same pressure, and the capillary tube B and the packing 119 in the first embodiment are omitted.

  In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, An operation of moving the valve element 141 by switching the pressure between the state in which the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

In the state shown in FIG. 4, that is, in the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic unit 191 is turned on so that the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. . On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Thereby, the stopper piston 151 receives the low pressure 1 from the capillary tube C connected to the outer chamber of the main body piston 131a communicating with the inner chamber of the stopper piston 151 in the stopper piston chamber 115 via the communication hole 164 on the inner surface. A low pressure 1 from the capillary tube A is received on the outer surface. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the stopper piston 151 contacts the outer end portion 118 of the stopper piston chamber 115, and the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b are stopped until the main body piston 131a contacts the end portion 114 of the main body piston chamber 112. Move to the chamber 115 side.

  Accordingly, the valve body 141 is disposed at a position where the cup portion 143 covers the flow passage opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 163 of the low pressure joint L, and the intermediate pressure joint is interposed via the internal cavity of the cup portion 143. The flow path from M to the low pressure joint L is opened.

  In the state shown in FIG. 5, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic portion 191 is turned off, and the high pressure joint H and capillary tube are turned off. Assume that A communicates. On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Accordingly, the stopper piston 151 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the inner surface through the communication hole 164. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the stopper piston 151 comes into contact with the inner end portion 117 of the stopper piston chamber 115. Here, since the sectional area of the stopper piston chamber 115 is larger than the sectional area of the main body piston chamber 112, the pressing force of the outer surface of the stopper piston 151 having a larger pressure receiving area of the high pressure h is larger than the pressing force of the outer surface of the main body piston 131b. Also grows. As a result, the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b move toward the stopper piston chamber 115, but the main body piston 131a comes into contact with the rod 155 and stops. That is, the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b are brought into contact with the inner end portion 117 of the stopper piston chamber 115 while being pressed rightward in the drawing.

  Accordingly, the valve body 141 is disposed at a position where the slide portion 142 covers the flow passage opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the cup portion 143 covers the flow passage opening 163 of the low pressure joint L. M, all the flow paths of the low pressure joint L are closed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 6, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic unit 191 is turned off so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. . On the other hand, energization of the main body electromagnetic unit 195 is turned on so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Accordingly, the stopper piston 151 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the inner surface through the communication hole 164. The main body piston 131a receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface. The main body piston 131b receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the stopper piston 151 is stopped, and the pair of main body pistons 131a and 131b move to the opposite side of the stopper piston chamber 115 until the main body piston 131b contacts the lid body 113.

  As a result, the valve body 141 moves to the right in the drawing from the flow path opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the slide portion 142 is disposed at a position covering the flow path opening 163 of the low pressure joint L. And the through-hole 144a of the guide 144 is arrange | positioned between the flow-path opening 161 of the high-pressure joint H, and the flow-path opening 162 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the flow path from the high-pressure joint H to the intermediate-pressure joint M is opened. .

  7 to 9 are cross-sectional views showing a second embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, and FIG. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the flow path from the high-pressure joint to the medium-pressure joint is opened.

The three-way switching valve of the present embodiment performs switching between a flow path from an intermediate pressure joint to a low pressure joint and a flow path from a high pressure joint to an intermediate pressure joint constituting the refrigerant flow path.
As shown in FIG. 7, the three-way switching valve 200 of the present embodiment includes a two-way switching valve portion 211 and a three-way switching valve portion 231.

  The two-way switching valve portion 211 includes a cylindrical first case body 212. Both ends of the first case body 212 are sealed with lids 214 and 215. A first piston chamber 213 is provided inside the first case body 212. A pair of first pistons 221a and 221b, a first valve body 225, and a first valve seat 228 are accommodated in the first piston chamber 213.

  The first piston 221 a is connected to one side of the first valve body 225 via a guide 226. The first piston 221b is connected to the other side of the first valve body 225 via a guide 227. The guides 226 and 227 have a rod shape or a flat plate shape. When the guides 226 and 227 have a flat plate shape, the guide 226 connecting the first piston 221a and the first valve body 225 is connected from the high pressure joint H to the relay joint R. A through hole (not shown) is provided in order to ensure a good flow of fluid when the channel is opened.

  The first piston 221a has a structure in which a packing 223a is sandwiched between a piston guide 222a and a reinforcing plate 224a. Similarly, the first piston 221b has a structure in which the packing 223b is sandwiched between the piston guide 222b and the reinforcing plate 224b. The first pistons 221 a and 221 b move in the longitudinal direction of the first case body 212 in the first piston chamber 213 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the first case body 212.

  The 1st valve body 225 is comprised from the cup part 225a. The cup portion 225 a has a shape in which a cup-shaped container is turned over, and forms a cavity with the first valve seat 228. Note that the first valve body 225 may have another structure as long as the flow path opening 262 of the relay joint R disposed in the first valve seat 228 can be closed.

The first valve seat 228 is disposed on the inner side surface of the first case body 212.
A high pressure joint H and a relay joint R are connected to the first case body 212, respectively. The high-pressure joint H communicates with a flow path for sucking a fluid of high pressure h, and the first case has a flow path opening 261 located between the first pistons 221a and 221b in the first piston chamber 213. It is connected to the main body 212.

  The relay joint R communicates with the second piston chamber 233 of the three-way switching valve portion 231, and the first opening is such that the flow path opening 262 is located at the position of the first valve seat 228 in the first piston chamber 213. The case main body 212 is connected.

  The three-way switching valve portion 231 includes a cylindrical second case body 232. Both ends of the second case main body 232 are sealed with lids 234 and 235. A second piston chamber 233 is provided inside the second case body 232. In the second piston chamber 233, a pair of second pistons 241a and 241b, a second valve body 245, and a second valve seat 248 are accommodated.

  The second piston 241 a is connected to one side of the second valve body 245 through the guide 246. Further, the second piston 241 b is connected to the other side of the second valve body 245 via the guide 247. The guides 246 and 247 have a rod shape or a flat plate shape. When the guides 246 and 247 have a flat plate shape, the guide 246 connecting the second piston 241a and the second valve body 245 is connected to the intermediate pressure joint M through the relay joint R. A through hole (not shown) is provided in order to ensure a good flow of fluid when the flow path to is opened.

  The second piston 241a has a structure in which the packing 243a is sandwiched between the piston guide 242a and the reinforcing plate 244a. Similarly, the second piston 241b has a structure in which the packing 243b is sandwiched between the piston guide 242b and the reinforcing plate 244b. The second pistons 241 a and 241 b move in the longitudinal direction of the second case body 232 in the second piston chamber 233 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the second case body 232.

The 2nd valve body 245 is comprised from the cup part 245a. The cup portion 245 a has a shape in which a cup-shaped container is turned over, and forms a cavity with the second valve seat 248.
The second valve seat 248 is disposed on the inner side surface of the second case body 232.

  A relay joint R, a medium pressure joint M, and a low pressure joint L are connected to the second case body 232, respectively. The relay joint R is communicated with the first piston chamber 213 of the two-way switching valve portion 211, and the second opening 241a, 241b in the second piston chamber 231 is positioned so that the flow path opening is located. 2 is connected to the case body 232.

  The intermediate pressure joint M is communicated with a flow path for sucking and discharging a fluid of medium pressure m, and the second opening 263 is positioned at the position of the second valve seat 248 in the second piston chamber 233. 2 is connected to the case body 232.

  The low pressure joint L communicates with the flow path for discharging the low pressure 1 fluid, and the second case main body has the flow path opening 264 positioned at the position of the second valve seat 248 in the second piston chamber 233. H.232 is connected. The flow passage opening 263 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 264 of the low pressure joint L are arranged so as to be aligned in the moving direction of the second valve body 245 from the second piston 241a side.

The three-way switching valve 200 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration includes a high pressure h from the high pressure fluid from the high pressure joint H, a medium pressure m from the medium pressure fluid from the medium pressure joint M, and a pressure from the low pressure joint L. The first piston 221a, 221b and the second piston 241a, 241b are pressure driven by the low pressure 1 by the low pressure fluid, whereby the first valve body 225 and the second valve body 245 are respectively shown in FIGS. Move to two stop positions.

  In order to move the first valve body 225 and the second valve body 245 by switching the pressure drive, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the first electromagnetic unit 291 that switches the pressure by the electromagnetic drive and A second electromagnetic unit 295 is provided. The basic structure of the first electromagnetic part 291 and the second electromagnetic part 295 is the same as that of a known electromagnetic valve.

  The first electromagnetic unit 291 is provided at the distal end of the plunger 293, an electromagnetic coil 292 that moves the plunger 293 energized by the elastic force between two stop positions by turning on and off the energization, and the plunger 293. And a valve body 294. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the first piston 221a in the first piston chamber 213 via the capillary tube C. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the first piston 221b in the first piston chamber 213 through the capillary tube D.

  The valve element 294 is moved by turning on and off the electromagnetic coil 292 so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other. In addition, the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C can be switched to each other.

  The second electromagnetic unit 295 is provided at the plunger 297, the electromagnetic coil 296 that moves the plunger 297 biased by the elastic force between the two stop positions by turning on and off, and the distal end of the plunger 297. And a valve body 298. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the relay joint R. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the second piston 241 b in the second piston chamber 233 via the capillary tube A. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the second piston 241a in the second piston chamber 233 via the capillary tube B.

  When the electromagnetic coil 296 is energized, the valve body 298 is moved so that the relay joint R and the capillary tube A communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube B communicate with each other, and the relay joint R and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. At the same time, the state where the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other can be switched.

  In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, The operation of moving the first valve body 225 and the second valve body 245 by switching the pressure between the state where the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 7, that is, in the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the energization of the first electromagnetic unit 291 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube D are in communication with each other. On the other hand, energization of the second electromagnetic unit 295 is turned on so that the relay joint R and the capillary tube A communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube B communicate with each other.

Thus, in the two-way switching valve portion 211, the first piston 221a receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface. The first piston 221b receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of first pistons 221a and 221b are arranged at positions where the first piston 221b abuts against the lid 215, whereby the first valve body 225 is relayed by the cup portion 225a. It arrange | positions in the position which opens the flow-path opening 262 of the coupling R. FIG. As a result, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the relay joint R is opened.

  On the other hand, in the three-way switching valve portion 231, the second piston 241a receives the high pressure h from the relay joint R on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the outer surface. The second piston 241b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the relay joint R on the inner surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of second pistons 241a and 241b are arranged at positions where the second piston 241a abuts against the lid body 234, whereby the second valve body 245 has the cup portion 245a inside. The flow passage opening 263 of the pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 264 of the low pressure joint L are disposed at a position covering the pressure joint M. As a result, the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened through the internal cavity of the cup portion 245a.

  In the state shown in FIG. 8, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the first electromagnetic unit 291 is turned off, It is assumed that the capillary tube D is in communication and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 295 is turned off so that the relay joint R and the capillary tube B communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other.

  Thereby, in the two-way switching valve portion 211, the first piston 221a receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface. The first piston 221b receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface, and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of first pistons 221a and 221b is arranged at a position where the first piston 221a abuts against the lid body 214, whereby the first valve body 225 is relayed by the cup portion 225a. It is arranged at a position covering the flow path opening 262 of the joint R. As a result, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the relay joint R is closed.

  On the other hand, in the three-way switching valve portion 231, the second piston 241a receives the intermediate pressure m from the capillary tube B on the outer surface and receives the intermediate pressure m from the relay joint R on the inner surface. The second piston 241b receives an intermediate pressure m from the relay joint R on the inner surface and receives a low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of second pistons 241a and 241b are arranged at positions where the second piston 241b abuts against the lid body 235, whereby the second valve body 245 is connected to the intermediate pressure joint M. The flow path opening 263 is opened, and the cup portion 245a is arranged at a position covering the flow path opening 264 of the low pressure joint L.

As described above, all the flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are closed.
In the state shown in FIG. 9, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the energization of the first electromagnetic unit 291 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube D are in communication with each other. On the other hand, the second electromagnetic part 2
The energization of 95 is turned off, and the relay joint R and the capillary tube B communicate with each other, and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other.

  Thus, in the two-way switching valve portion 211, the first piston 221a receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface and receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface. The first piston 221b receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of first pistons 221a and 221b are arranged at positions where the first piston 221b abuts against the lid 215, whereby the first valve body 225 is relayed by the cup portion 225a. It arrange | positions in the position which opens the flow-path opening 262 of the coupling R. FIG. As a result, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the relay joint R is opened.

  On the other hand, in the three-way switching valve portion 231, the second piston 241a receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the outer surface and receives the high pressure h from the relay joint R on the inner surface. The second piston 241b receives the high pressure h from the relay joint R on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the pair of second pistons 241a and 241b are arranged at positions where the second piston 241b abuts against the lid body 235, whereby the second valve body 245 is connected to the intermediate pressure joint M. The flow path opening 263 is opened, and the cup portion 245a is arranged at a position covering the flow path opening 264 of the low pressure joint L. As a result, the flow path from the relay joint R to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened.

As described above, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened via the relay joint R.
In addition, after completing the movement of the first valve body 225 and the second valve body 245 to each of the above states, in order to obtain a more appropriate pressure state, the high pressure h and the medium pressure from the capillary tubes A to D are used. m or low pressure 1 may be changed to an appropriate pressure.

  According to the above three-way switching valve 200, the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state The valve body can be stopped in these three states. That is, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened. In any state, it is possible to shift directly to the fully closed state. Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to a system stop state or a refrigerant non-conduction state, so that mixing of high and low pressure refrigerants is suppressed, system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Further, in all states of the state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state, The valve body 225 is pressurized to the valve seat 228 by the high pressure h fluid from the high pressure joint H, and the second valve body 245 is applied to the valve seat 248 by the high pressure h or medium pressure m fluid from the intermediate pressure joint R. Since the pressure is applied, a reliable sealing state is always obtained at these contact surfaces, and fluid can be prevented from leaking from between the contact surfaces.

  10 to 12 are cross-sectional views showing a third embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows a state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, and FIG. FIG. 12 shows a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the joint, intermediate pressure joint, and low pressure joint are closed, and FIG. 12 shows a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened.

The three-way switching valve of the present embodiment performs switching between a flow path from an intermediate pressure joint to a low pressure joint and a flow path from a high pressure joint to an intermediate pressure joint constituting the refrigerant flow path.
As shown in FIG. 10, the three-way switching valve 300 of this embodiment includes a cylindrical case body 311. Both ends of the case body 311 are sealed with lids 313 and 319. Inside the case main body 311, there are a valve body storage chamber 312, a main body piston chamber 315 disposed on one end side of the valve body storage chamber 312, and a stopper piston chamber 318 disposed on the other end side of the main body piston chamber 315. Is provided.

  The valve body storage chamber 312 stores a valve body 341 and a valve seat 345. The valve body 341 includes a slide part 342 and a cup part 343 arranged so as to be aligned in the moving direction of the valve body 341. The lower surface of the slide part 342 contacts the valve seat 345 and slides on the valve seat 345. The cup part 343 has a shape in which a cup-shaped container is turned over, and forms a cavity with the valve seat 345.

The valve seat 345 is disposed on the inner side surface of the case main body 311.
A main body piston 331 is accommodated in the main body piston chamber 315. The main body piston 331 is connected to one side of the valve body 341 in the valve body storage chamber 312 via a rod-shaped guide 344.

  The main body piston 331 has a structure in which a packing 333 is sandwiched between a piston guide 332 and a packing guide 334. The main body piston 331 moves in the main body piston chamber 315 in the longitudinal direction of the case main body 311 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case main body 311.

  A stopper piston 351 is accommodated in the stopper piston chamber 318. The stopper piston 351 has a structure in which a packing 353 is sandwiched between a piston guide 352 and a packing guide 354. The stopper piston 351 moves in the stopper piston chamber 318 in the longitudinal direction of the case body 311 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case body 311. A rod 355 is connected to the stopper piston 351, and the stopper piston 351 contacts and separates from the main body piston 331 via the rod 355. The rod 355 moves while sliding with the packing 322, so that the stopper piston chamber 318 and an outer chamber of a main body piston 331 described later are hermetically isolated.

The sectional area of the stopper piston chamber 318 is larger than the sectional area of the main body piston chamber 315.
The case body 311 is connected to a high pressure joint H, a medium pressure joint M, and a low pressure joint L. The high-pressure joint H is communicated with a flow path for sucking a high-pressure h fluid, and is connected to the case body 311 so that the flow path opening 361 is positioned in the valve body storage chamber 312.

  The intermediate pressure joint M is communicated with a flow path for sucking and discharging a fluid of medium pressure m, and is connected to the case body 311 so that the flow path opening 362 is positioned at the valve seat 345 in the valve body storage chamber 312. Connected.

  The low pressure joint L communicates with the flow path for discharging the low pressure 1 fluid, and is connected to the case body 311 so that the flow path opening 363 is positioned at the valve seat 345 in the valve body storage chamber 312. Yes. The flow path opening 362 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow path opening 363 of the low pressure joint L are arranged so as to be aligned in the moving direction of the valve body 341 from the main body piston chamber 315 side.

The three-way switching valve 300 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration pressurizes the main body piston 331 and the stopper piston 351 by the high pressure h from the high pressure fluid from the high pressure joint H and the low pressure 1 from the low pressure fluid from the low pressure joint L. By driving, the valve body 341 is moved to the three stop positions shown in FIGS.

  In order to move the valve body 341 by switching the pressure drive, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a stopper electromagnetic unit 391 and a main body electromagnetic unit 395 that perform pressure switching by electromagnetic drive are provided. The basic structure of the stopper electromagnetic part 391 and the main body electromagnetic part 395 is the same as that of a known electromagnetic valve.

  The stopper electromagnetic part 391 includes a plunger 393, an electromagnetic coil 392 that moves the plunger 393 urged by an elastic force between two stop positions by turning on and off, and a valve body provided at the tip of the plunger 393. 394. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the stopper piston 351 in the stopper piston chamber 318 via the capillary tube A. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the inner chamber of the stopper piston 351 in the stopper piston chamber 318 via the capillary tube B.

  When the electromagnetic coil 392 is turned on and off, the valve is moved so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube B can be switched to each other.

  The main body electromagnetic unit 395 includes a plunger 397 biased by an elastic force, an electromagnetic coil 396 that moves the plunger 397 between two stop positions by turning on and off, and a valve body 398 provided at the tip of the plunger 397. And. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the main body piston 331 in the main body piston chamber 315 via the capillary tube C. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the inner chamber of the main body piston 331 in the main body piston chamber 315 via the capillary tube D.

  When the electromagnetic coil 396 is turned on and off, the valve is moved so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other. The state where the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other can be switched.

  In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, An operation of moving the valve body 341 by switching the pressure between the state where the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 10, that is, in the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic part 391 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. It is assumed that L and capillary tube A are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic part 395 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

Accordingly, the stopper piston 351 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The main body piston 331 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface.

  The stopper piston 351 comes into contact with the outer end 321 of the stopper piston chamber 318 by the pressure state. The main body piston 331 moves toward the stopper piston chamber 318 until the main body piston 331 contacts the end 317 of the main body piston chamber 315.

  Thereby, the valve body 341 is disposed at a position where the cup portion 343 covers the flow passage opening 362 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 363 of the low pressure joint L, and the intermediate pressure joint is interposed via the internal cavity of the cup portion 343. The flow path from M to the low pressure joint L is opened.

  In the state shown in FIG. 11, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic portion 391 is turned off, and the high pressure joint H and capillary tube are turned off. It is assumed that A is in communication and the low-pressure joint L and capillary tube B are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the main body electromagnetic part 395 is turned off so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Thus, the stopper piston 351 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The main body piston 331 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface.

  The stopper piston 351 comes into contact with the inner end portion 320 of the stopper piston chamber 318 by the pressure state. Here, since the sectional area of the stopper piston chamber 318 is larger than the sectional area of the main body piston chamber 315, the pressing force of the outer surface of the stopper piston 351 having a larger pressure receiving area of the high pressure h is larger than the pressing force of the outer surface of the main body piston 331. Also grows. As a result, the main body piston 331 moves to the stopper piston 318 side, but the main body piston 331 comes into contact with the rod 355 and stops. That is, the stopper piston 351 contacts the inner end 320 of the stopper piston chamber 318 while pressing the main body piston 331 in the right direction in the drawing.

  Thereby, the valve body 341 in the valve body storage chamber 312 is disposed at a position where the slide portion 342 covers the flow passage opening 362 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the cup portion 343 covers the flow passage opening 363 of the low pressure joint L. All the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 12, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the medium pressure joint M is opened, the energization of the stopper electromagnetic portion 391 is turned off, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. L and the capillary tube B are in communication with each other. On the other hand, energization of the main body electromagnetic part 395 is turned on so that the high-pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Thus, the stopper piston 351 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The main body piston 331 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the inner surface.

  Due to the above pressure state, the stopper piston 351 contacts the inner end 320 of the stopper piston chamber 318, and the main body piston 331 moves to the opposite side of the stopper piston chamber 318 until it contacts the end 316 of the main body piston chamber 315. To do.

As a result, the valve body 341 moves to the right in the drawing from the flow path opening 362 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the slide portion 342 is disposed at a position covering the flow path opening 363 of the low pressure joint L. Thereby, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the medium pressure joint M is opened.

  After the movement of the valve body 341 to each of the above states, in order to obtain a more appropriate pressure state, the high pressure h or the low pressure l from the capillary tubes A to D is changed to an appropriate pressure. Also good.

  According to the above three-way switching valve 300, the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state The valve body 341 can be stopped in these three states. That is, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened. In any state, it is possible to shift directly to the fully closed state. Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Further, in the middle of switching between a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the flow path is fully closed. The three flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are not all opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

  Further, in all the states of the state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state, Since 341 is pressurized to the valve seat 345 by the fluid of the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H, a reliable sealing state is always obtained at the contact surface between the valve body 341 and the valve seat 345, and between the contact surfaces of each other It is possible to prevent fluid from leaking out.

  FIGS. 13 to 15 are sectional views showing a fourth embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention. FIG. 13 shows a state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened, and FIG. A fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed, and FIG. 15 shows a state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened.

The three-way switching valve of the present embodiment performs switching between a flow path from an intermediate pressure joint to a low pressure joint and a flow path from a high pressure joint to an intermediate pressure joint constituting the refrigerant flow path.
As shown in FIG. 13, the three-way switching valve 400 of this embodiment includes a cylindrical case body 411. Both ends of the case body 411 are sealed with lids 416 and 420. Inside the case main body 411, a valve body storage chamber 412, a first piston chamber 415 disposed on one end side thereof, and a second piston chamber 419 disposed on the other end side are provided. In addition, the position which divides the valve body storage chamber 412, the 1st piston chamber 415, and the 2nd piston chamber 419 is shown with the dotted line.

  In the valve body storage chamber 412, a pair of pistons 438 and 458, a first valve body 435, a second valve body 455, and a valve seat 463 are stored. The piston 438 is connected to one side of the first valve body 435 through a rod-shaped guide 437. The piston 458 is connected to the other side of the second valve body 455 via a rod-shaped guide 457.

The piston 438 has a structure in which a packing 440 is sandwiched between a piston guide 439 and a reinforcing plate 441. Similarly, the piston 458 has a structure in which the packing 460 is sandwiched between the piston guide 459 and the reinforcing plate 461. The pistons 438 and 458 move in the longitudinal direction of the case body 411 in the valve body storage chamber 412 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case body 411.

The first valve body 435 includes a slide portion 436. The lower surface of the slide portion 436 contacts the valve seat 463 and slides on the valve seat 463.
The second valve body 455 includes a cup portion 456. The cup portion 456 has a shape in which a cup-shaped container is turned over, and forms a cavity with the valve seat 463. The first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 are arranged to be able to contact and separate from each other so as to be aligned in the moving direction.

The valve seat 463 is disposed on the inner side surface of the case main body 411.
A first piston 431 is housed in the first piston chamber 415. The first piston 431 has a structure in which a packing 433 is sandwiched between a piston guide 432 and a packing guide 434. The first piston 431 moves in the longitudinal direction of the case main body 411 in the first piston chamber 415 while sliding with respect to the inner surface of the case main body 411. The first piston 431 is connected to the piston 438 through the rod 442.

  The sectional area of the first piston chamber 415 is larger than the sectional area of the valve body storage chamber 412. Thereby, even when the driving pressure of the first piston 431 and the driving pressure of the piston 438 are the same pressure, the first valve body 435 is pushed by pushing the piston 438 by the first piston 431 having a larger pressure receiving area. It can be moved. Similarly, the cross-sectional area of the second piston chamber 419 is also larger than the cross-sectional area of the valve body storage chamber 412, and the driving pressure of the second piston 451 and the driving pressure of the piston 458 are the same pressure. Also, the second valve body 455 can be moved by pushing the piston 458 by the second piston 451 having a larger pressure receiving area.

  The case main body 411 is connected to a high pressure joint H, a medium pressure joint M, and a low pressure joint L. The high-pressure joint H is connected to a flow path for sucking a fluid of high pressure h, and is connected to the case body 411 so that the flow path opening 471 is positioned between the piston 438 and the piston 458 in the valve body storage chamber 412. Has been.

  The intermediate pressure joint M is communicated with a flow path for sucking and discharging fluid of medium pressure m, and the case body 411 is positioned so that the flow path opening 472 is positioned at the valve seat 463 in the valve body storage chamber 412. Connected.

  The low pressure joint L communicates with a flow path for discharging a low pressure 1 fluid, and is connected to the case body 411 so that the flow path opening 473 is positioned at the valve seat 463 in the valve body storage chamber 412. Yes. The flow path opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow path opening 473 of the low pressure joint L are arranged so as to be aligned in the moving direction of the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 from the first piston chamber 415 side. Has been.

  The three-way switching valve 400 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration includes the first piston 431 and the piston 438 by the high pressure h from the high pressure fluid from the high pressure joint H and the low pressure l from the low pressure fluid from the low pressure joint L. The second piston 451 and the piston 458 are pressure-driven, thereby moving the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 to the three stop positions shown in FIGS.

In order to move the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 by switching the pressure drive, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the first electromagnetic unit 491 for switching the pressure by the electromagnetic drive and A second electromagnetic unit 495 is provided. The basic structure of the first electromagnetic part 491 and the second electromagnetic part 495 is the same as that of a known electromagnetic valve.

  The first electromagnetic unit 491 is provided at the plunger 493, an electromagnetic coil 492 that moves the plunger 493 energized by the elastic force between two stop positions by turning on / off the current, and the tip of the plunger 493. And a valve body 494. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the first piston 431 in the first piston chamber 415 via the capillary tube A. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the inner chamber of the first piston 431 in the first piston chamber 415 via the capillary tube B.

  The valve element 494 is moved by turning on and off the electromagnetic coil 492 so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube A communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube A communicate with each other. In addition, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube B can be switched to each other.

  The second electromagnetic unit 495 includes a plunger 497 biased by an elastic force, an electromagnetic coil 496 that moves the plunger 497 between two stop positions by turning on and off, and a valve provided at the tip of the plunger 497. And a body 498. The valve chamber communicates with four flow paths. Of these, the first flow path communicates with the high-pressure joint H. The second flow path communicates with the inner chamber of the second piston 451 in the second piston chamber 419 via the capillary tube C. The third flow path is in communication with the low pressure joint L. The fourth flow path communicates with the outer chamber of the second piston 451 in the second piston chamber 419 via the capillary tube D.

  The valve element 498 is moved by turning on and off the electromagnetic coil 496 so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other. In addition, the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D can be switched to each other.

  In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, The operation of moving the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 by pressure switching between the state where the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 13, that is, in the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the energization of the first electromagnetic part 491 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A are in communication with each other. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned on so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The piston 438 receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the outer surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the inner surface. The piston 458 receives the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the outer surface.

Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the left in the drawing and comes into contact with the outer end portion 418 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is also pressed to the left in the drawing to It contacts the inner end 421 of the piston chamber 419.

  As a result, the cup portion 456 of the second valve body 455 is disposed at a position covering the flow passage opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 473 of the low pressure joint L, and the middle through the internal cavity of the cup portion 456. The flow path from the pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened.

  In the state shown in FIG. 14, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the energization of the first electromagnetic unit 491 is turned off. It is assumed that the capillary tube A is in communication and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube B are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned off so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The piston 438 receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the outer surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface. The piston 458 receives the high pressure h from the high pressure joint H on the inner surface, and receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the right side in the drawing and contacts the inner end 417 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is also pressed to the right side in the drawing and the second piston 431 is pressed to the right side in the drawing. It abuts against the outer end 422 of the piston chamber 419.

  As a result, the first valve body 435 is disposed at a position where the slide portion 436 covers the flow path opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the second valve body 455 has the cup portion 456 of the flow path opening of the low pressure joint L. It is arranged at a position covering 473. Thereby, all the flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are closed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 15, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, energization of the first electromagnetic unit 491 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A are in communication with each other. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned off so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the outer surface, and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the left in the drawing and comes into contact with the outer end 418 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is pressed to the right in the drawing to It abuts against the outer end 422 of the piston chamber 419.

  As a result, the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 are separated from each other, and the first valve body 435 is disposed at a position where the flow passage opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, The valve body 455 is disposed at a position where the cup portion 456 covers the flow path opening 473 of the low pressure joint L. Thereby, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the medium pressure joint M is opened.

In addition, after completing the movement of the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 to each of the above states, in order to obtain a more appropriate pressure state, the high pressure h or the low pressure l from the capillary tubes A to D is used. May be changed to an appropriate pressure.

  According to the above three-way switching valve 400, the state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state The first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 can be stopped in these three states. That is, the fully closed state can be maintained, and further, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened. In any state, it is possible to shift directly to the fully closed state. Therefore, in any flow path state, it is possible to directly shift to the system stop state or the refrigerant non-conduction state, so that the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Further, in the middle of switching between a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened and a state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the flow path is fully closed. The three flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are not all opened. Therefore, the flow paths can be switched without mixing the fluids from the three flow paths, the high and low pressure refrigerants are not mixed, the system efficiency is improved, and the energy can be saved.

  Further, in all states of the state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, the state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the fully closed state, Since the valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 are pressurized to the valve seat 463 by the fluid of the high pressure h from the high-pressure joint H, the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 and the valve seat are always pressurized. A reliable sealing state is obtained at the contact surface with 463, and fluid can be prevented from leaking from between the contact surfaces.

  16 to 18 are sectional views showing modified examples of the three-way switching valve in the above-described fourth embodiment. FIG. 16 shows a state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. Is a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed, and FIG. 18 shows a state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened. Members and the like corresponding to the fourth embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The basic configuration of the three-way switching valve 400 in this modification is the same as that in the fourth embodiment, but instead of providing the pistons 438 and 458, the packing 464 on which the guide 437 slides and the guide 457 slide on. The valve body storage chamber 412 and the first piston chamber 415 are airtightly partitioned by the packing 464, and the valve body storage chamber 412 and the second piston chamber 419 are airtightly partitioned by the packing 465. ing. The valve body storage chamber 412 is configured by a space from the end 413 to the end 414, and the high pressure joint H is connected to the case body 411 so that the flow path opening 471 is located in the valve body storage chamber 412. The intermediate pressure joint M and the low pressure joint L are connected to the case body 411 so that the flow path opening 472 and the flow path opening 473 are positioned at the position of the valve seat 463.

  As shown in FIG. 16, in the three-way switching valve 400 of this modification, the first piston 431 is connected to one side of the first valve body 435 through a rod-shaped guide 437. The second piston 451 is connected to the other side of the second valve body 455 via a rod-shaped guide 457.

  The three-way switching valve 400 according to this modification having the above-described configuration includes the first piston 431 and the second piston 431 by the high pressure h due to the high pressure fluid from the high pressure joint H and the low pressure l due to the low pressure fluid from the low pressure joint L. The piston 451 is pressure-driven, thereby moving the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 to the three stop positions shown in FIGS.

In the following, a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, a fully closed state where all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, The operation of moving the first valve body 435 and the second valve body 455 by pressure switching between the state where the flow path to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 16, that is, in the state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened, energization of the first electromagnetic part 491 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A are in communication with each other. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned on so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube D communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube C communicate with each other.

  Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube D on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube C on the inner surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the left in the drawing and comes into contact with the outer end portion 418 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is also pressed to the left in the drawing to It contacts the inner end 421 of the piston chamber 419.

  As a result, the cup portion 456 of the second valve body 455 is disposed at a position covering the flow passage opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M and the flow passage opening 473 of the low pressure joint L, and the middle through the internal cavity of the cup portion 456. The flow path from the pressure joint M to the low pressure joint L is opened.

  In the state shown in FIG. 17, that is, in the fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint H, the intermediate pressure joint M, and the low pressure joint L are closed, the energization of the first electromagnetic unit 491 is turned off. It is assumed that the capillary tube A is in communication and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube B are in communication. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned off so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

  Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube A on the outer surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube B on the inner surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the right side in the drawing and contacts the inner end 417 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is also pressed to the right side in the drawing and the second piston 431 is pressed to the right side in the drawing. It abuts against the outer end 422 of the piston chamber 419.

  As a result, the first valve body 435 is disposed at a position where the slide portion 436 covers the flow path opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M, and the second valve body 455 has the cup portion 456 of the flow path opening of the low pressure joint L. It is arranged at a position covering 473. Thereby, all the flow paths of the high-pressure joint H, the medium-pressure joint M, and the low-pressure joint L are closed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 18, that is, in the state where the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, the energization of the first electromagnetic part 491 is turned on, and the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube B communicate with each other. The low-pressure joint L and the capillary tube A are in communication with each other. On the other hand, the energization of the second electromagnetic unit 495 is turned off so that the high pressure joint H and the capillary tube C communicate with each other and the low pressure joint L and the capillary tube D communicate with each other.

Thus, the first piston 431 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube B on the inner surface and receives the low pressure l from the capillary tube A on the outer surface. The second piston 451 receives the high pressure h from the capillary tube C on the inner surface and the low pressure l from the capillary tube D on the outer surface.

  Due to the above-described pressure state, the first piston 431 is pressed to the left in the drawing and comes into contact with the outer end 418 of the first piston chamber 415, and the second piston 451 is pressed to the right in the drawing to It abuts against the outer end 422 of the piston chamber 419.

  Accordingly, the first valve body 435 is disposed at a position where the flow path opening 472 of the intermediate pressure joint M is opened, and the second valve body 455 has the cup portion 456 covering the flow path opening 473 of the low pressure joint L. Placed in position. Thereby, the flow path from the high pressure joint H to the medium pressure joint M is opened.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of the three-way selector valve of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these Examples, Various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range which does not deviate from the summary.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a state in which a flow path from an intermediate pressure joint to a low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where a flow path from the high-pressure joint to the intermediate-pressure joint is opened. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a state where the flow path from the high-pressure joint to the medium-pressure joint is opened. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where a flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a state in which the flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a state where a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint is opened. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state in which the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint is opened. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, and shows a fully closed state in which all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint are closed. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the three-way switching valve of the present invention, showing a state where the flow path from the high-pressure joint to the medium-pressure joint is opened. FIG. 19 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example in which piping is provided in a guide for connecting a main body piston and a valve body in the first embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

100 Three-way switching valve 111 Case main body 112 Main body piston chamber 113 Lid 114 End 115 Stopper piston chamber 116 Lid 117 Inner end 118 Outer end 119 Packing 131a, 131b Main body piston 132a, 132b Piston guide 133a, 133b Packing 134a, 134b Reinforcement plate 141 Valve body 142 Slide portion 143 Cup portion 144 Guide 144a Through hole 145 Guide 146 Valve seat 151 Stopper piston 152 Piston guide 153 Packing 154 Packing guide 155 Rod H High pressure joint M Medium pressure joint L Low pressure joint 161 Flow path opening 162 Flow path opening 163 Flow path opening 164 Communication hole 165 Pipe A Capillary tube B Capillary tube C Capillary tube D Capillary tube 191 Stopper electromagnetic part 192 Electromagnetic Coil 193 Plunger 194 Valve body 195 Main body electromagnetic part 196 Electromagnetic coil 197 Plunger 198 Valve body 200 Three-way switching valve 211 Two-way switching valve part 212 First case body 213 First piston chamber 214 Lid body 215 Lids 221a, 221b First 1 piston 222a, 222b piston guide 223a, 223b packing 224a, 224b reinforcing plate 225 first valve body 225a cup part 226 guide 227 guide 228 first valve seat 231 three-way switching valve part 232 second case main body 233 second Piston chamber 234 Lid body 235 Lid bodies 241a and 241b Second pistons 242a and 242b Piston guides 243a and 243b Packing 244a and 244b Reinforcement plate 245 Second valve body 245a Cup part 246 Guide 247 Guide 248 Second valve seat High-pressure joint R Relay joint M Medium-pressure joint L Low-pressure joint 261 Channel opening 262 Channel opening 263 Channel opening 264 Channel opening A Capillary tube B Capillary tube C Capillary tube D Capillary tube 291 First electromagnetic part 292 Electromagnetic coil 293 Plunger 294 Valve body 295 Second electromagnetic part 296 Electromagnetic coil 297 Plunger 298 Valve body 300 Three-way switching valve 311 Case body 312 Valve body storage chamber 313 Lid body 314 End portion 315 Main body piston chamber 316 End portion 317 End portion 318 Stopper piston chamber 319 Lid 320 Inside end 321 Outside end 322 Packing 331 Main piston 332 Piston guide 333 Packing 334 Packing guide 341 Valve body 342 Slide part 343 Cup part 344 Guide 345 Valve seat 351 Stopper piston 3 2 Piston guide 353 Packing 354 Packing guide 355 Rod H High pressure joint M Medium pressure joint L Low pressure joint 361 Channel opening 362 Channel opening 363 Channel opening A Capillary tube B Capillary tube C Capillary tube D Capillary tube 391 Stopper electromagnetic part 392 Electromagnetic Coil 393 Plunger 394 Valve body 395 Main body electromagnetic part 396 Electromagnetic coil 397 Plunger 398 Valve body 400 Three-way switching valve 411 Case main body 412 Valve body storage chamber 413 End portion 414 End portion 415 First piston chamber 416 Lid body 417 Inner end portion 418 Outer end 419 Second piston chamber 420 Lid 421 Inner end 422 Outer end 431 First piston 432 Piston guide 433 Packing 434 Packing guide 435 First valve body 436 Slide portion 437 Guy Piston 439 piston guide 440 packing 441 reinforcing plate 442 rod 451 second piston 452 piston guide 453 packing 454 packing guide 455 second valve body 456 cup portion 457 guide 458 piston 459 piston guide 460 packing 461 reinforcing plate 462 rod 463 Valve seat 464 Packing 465 Packing H High-pressure joint M Medium-pressure joint L Low-pressure joint 471 Channel opening 472 Channel opening 473 Channel opening A Capillary tube B Capillary tube C Capillary tube D Capillary tube 491 First electromagnetic part 492 Electromagnetic coil 493 Plunger 494 Valve body 495 Second electromagnetic part 496 Electromagnetic coil 497 Plunger 498 Valve body

Claims (4)

In the cylindrical case body,
A pair of body pistons, a valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the case body, a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seats, A valve body to which the main body piston is connected, and a main body piston chamber for housing the main body piston chamber,
One of the main body piston and the stopper piston that can be contacted and separated via the rod is housed, provided on one end side of the main body piston chamber, and provided with a stopper piston chamber having a larger cross-sectional area than the main body piston chamber,
A high pressure joint is connected to the case body such that a channel opening is located between the pair of body pistons in the body piston chamber;
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that the flow passage openings are arranged in the movement direction of the valve body at the position of the valve seat in the body piston chamber,
The stopper piston is pressed against and contacted with the outer end of the stopper piston chamber by pressure driving, and the pair of body pistons are pressed against and contacted with the stopper piston side end of the body piston chamber. The valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint. And
By the pressure drive, the stopper piston is pressed against and contacts the inner end of the stopper piston chamber, and the pair of body pistons are pressed toward the stopper piston so that one body piston is interposed through the rod. The valve body is positioned at a position where the slide portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint. Close all flow paths of the high pressure joint, medium pressure joint, and low pressure joint,
Position where the pair of main body pistons are pressed to the opposite side of the stopper piston by pressure driving to open the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the slide portion covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint The three-way switching valve is characterized in that the valve body is positioned at a position to open a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint. In the cylinder-shaped first case body,
A pair of first pistons, a first valve seat disposed on an inner surface of the first case body, and a first valve body having the pair of first pistons connected to both sides are housed. A first piston chamber is provided,
A high pressure joint is connected to the first case body such that a flow path opening is located between the pair of first pistons in the first piston chamber;
A two-way switching valve portion having a relay joint connected to the first case body at the position of the first valve seat in the first piston chamber;
In the cylinder-shaped second case body,
A pair of second pistons, a second valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the second case main body, and a cup portion forming a cavity between the second valve seats, the pair on both sides. A second valve body that houses the second valve body to which the second piston is connected,
The relay joint is connected to the second case body so that a flow path opening is located between the pair of second pistons in the second piston chamber;
The intermediate pressure joint and the low pressure joint are connected to the second case body so that the respective flow path openings are arranged in the movement direction of the second valve body at the position of the second valve seat in the second piston chamber. A three-way selector valve connected to
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the flow passage opening of the relay joint is opened by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path to the relay joint is opened, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure of the pair of second pistons causes the cup portion of the second valve body to be connected to the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the low pressure Positioning the second valve body at a position covering the flow path opening of the joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint;
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the first valve body covers the flow path opening of the relay joint by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path from the high-pressure joint to the relay joint is closed, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure opening against the pair of second pistons opens the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion The second valve body is positioned at a position covering the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby closing all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, the intermediate pressure joint, and the low pressure joint,
In the two-way switching valve portion, the first valve body is positioned at a position where the flow passage opening of the relay joint is opened by pressure driving with respect to the pair of first pistons. The flow path to the relay joint is opened, and in the three-way switching valve portion, the pressure opening against the pair of second pistons opens the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion of the low pressure joint. A three-way switching valve characterized in that the second valve body is positioned at a position covering a flow path opening, thereby opening a flow path from the high pressure joint to the intermediate pressure joint. In the cylindrical case body,
A valve body storage chamber for storing a valve seat disposed on the inner side surface of the case body, a valve body that includes a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seat and the valve seat. When,
A main body piston chamber connected to the valve body, and a main body piston chamber provided at one end of the valve body storage chamber;
A stopper piston that can be brought into contact with and separated from the main body piston via a rod is housed, provided on the opposite side of the main body piston chamber from the valve body housing chamber, and a stopper piston chamber having a larger cross-sectional area than the main body piston chamber; Is provided,
A high-pressure joint is connected to the case body so that a flow path opening is located in the valve body storage chamber,
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that respective flow path openings are aligned in the movement direction of the valve body at the position of the valve seat in the valve body storage chamber,
With the pressure drive, the stopper piston is pressed against and contacts the outer end of the stopper piston chamber, and the body piston is pressed against and contacts the stopper piston side end of the body piston chamber, Positioning the valve body at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow path opening of the low pressure joint, thereby opening the flow path from the intermediate pressure joint to the low pressure joint;
When the stopper piston is pressed against the inner end of the stopper piston chamber by pressure driving, the main body piston is pressed toward the stopper piston and contacts the stopper piston via the rod. The valve body is positioned at a position where the slide portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint, whereby the high pressure joint, intermediate pressure joint, low pressure Close all the flow paths in the joint,
By pressure driving, the main body piston is pressed to the opposite side of the stopper piston, the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint is opened, and the slide portion is in a position covering the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint. A three-way switching valve characterized by positioning a valve body and thereby opening a flow path from the high-pressure joint to the intermediate-pressure joint. In the cylindrical case body,
A valve seat disposed on the inner surface of the case body, a first valve body made of a slide portion that slides on the valve seat, and a second cup portion that forms a cavity between the valve seat. A valve body storage chamber for storing the valve body;
Storing a first piston connected to the first valve body; and a first piston chamber provided at one end of the valve body storage chamber;
A second piston connected to the second valve body, and a second piston chamber provided on the other end side of the valve body storage chamber; and
A high-pressure joint is connected to the case body so that a flow path opening is located in the valve body storage chamber,
An intermediate pressure joint and a low pressure joint are connected to the case body so that the respective flow path openings are arranged at the position of the valve seat in the valve body storage chamber,
By the pressure drive, the first piston is pressed against the outer end of the first piston chamber and abuts, and the second piston is pressed against the inner end of the second piston chamber and abuts. And the second valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow passage opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the flow passage opening of the low pressure joint, whereby the intermediate pressure joint is connected to the low pressure joint. Open the channel,
By the pressure drive, the second piston is pressed against the outer end of the second piston chamber and comes into contact with the first piston, and the first piston is pressed against and brought into contact with the inner end of the first piston chamber. And the first valve body covers the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint and the cup portion of the second valve body covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint. Position the valve body, thereby closing all the flow paths of the high pressure joint, intermediate pressure joint, and low pressure joint,
By the pressure drive, the first piston is pressed against the outer end of the first piston chamber and abuts, and the second piston is pressed against the outer end of the second piston chamber and abuts. The first valve body opens the flow path opening of the intermediate pressure joint, and the second valve body is positioned at a position where the cup portion covers the flow path opening of the low pressure joint. A three-way switching valve characterized by opening a flow path from a joint to the intermediate pressure joint.

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