JP2007070893A - Steel house - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steel house with excellent energy saving and dew condensation preventing properties. <P>SOLUTION: In this steel house, a main skeleton is formed by using a square steel pipe for a column and a lightweight H-steel for a horizontal beam. The outer surface of the main skeleton is surrounded by an insulation material, and the temperature and humidity controlled air is circulated on the inside of the insulating material. After the outside air is passed to a heat exchanger of double tube structure buried in the ground, the circulation air is passed through a cobble stone layer stacked under the floor of the steel house to control the temperature and the humidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a steel house having an earthquake-resistant and safe structure, and more particularly to a steel house excellent in energy saving using natural energy and prevention of condensation.

In recent years, the demand for steel houses has increased rapidly due to the demand for safe and strong structures such as earthquake resistance and seismic isolation for buildings such as ordinary houses and buildings.
The problem with steel houses is condensation.
Since steel structures corrode due to condensation and the building deteriorates rapidly, dew condensation countermeasures must be resolved with the highest priority.
In Patent Document 1, a building is constructed by an external heat insulation method, and at the same time, a thin and light shape steel with high thermal conductivity is used for the frame material, the temperature distribution in the building is homogenized, and the room is made to have a negative pressure. Although methods for preventing dew condensation by discharging air containing a large amount of moisture to the outside are disclosed, air conditioning and air conditioning equipment is indispensable for these conventional methods, and the equipment cost and energy cost for that are a great economic burden. This is the actual situation.

JP 2003-301537 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a steel house that is inexpensive in equipment cost and energy cost and excellent in energy saving and dew condensation prevention.

The present invention can be solved by the following means.
That is,
1. The main frame is formed by using square steel pipes for the columns and light H-shaped steel for the horizontal beams, and the outside of the main frame is surrounded by a heat insulating material, and the temperature and humidity are adjusted inside the heat insulating material. A steel house having a structure in which the circulated air is circulated, and after the circulating air passes through a double-pipe heat exchanger in which the outside air is buried in the ground, A steel house characterized by air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted by passing through a stone layer.
2. A notched opening of a rectangular column made of C-shaped steel is passed over a horizontal beam of H-shaped steel facing the steel house so as to contact the horizontal upper blade surface of the H-shaped steel, and the inner surface of the C-shaped steel notched opening and the H-shaped steel 2. The steel house according to claim 1, wherein the flat base and the horizontal beam are fixed by a clip for holding and fixing the lower surface of the horizontal upper wing of the floor to form a floor base.
3. The steel house is erected on a flat concrete foundation with reinforcing bars, and the guristone layer is deposited on the flat concrete foundation and the columns are embedded in the grit stone layer. The steel house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel house is formed.
4). The steel house according to claim 3, wherein a vibration isolator is inserted and mounted between the concrete foundation and the pillar on the flat plate.
5. The said heat insulating material is made into the two-layer structure with the clearance gap connected in the up-down direction, and external air is naturally ventilated from the bottom upwards to this clearance gap, The any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Steel house.

The present invention has the following effects.
1. By using natural energy such as underground heat and solar heat, dehumidification / cooling, or heating / humidification can be performed at an extremely low running cost, so that energy saving and dew condensation prevention effects during cooling and heating are extremely large.
2. Capital investment is extremely low.
3. There is no power part, so no failure occurs.
4). There is no mechanical vibration and noise.
5. Excellent dust removal and sterility of the processing air, safe and healthy.

Hereinafter, details for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In order to implement the present invention, a house having a structure using lightweight steel is indispensable.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a steel house according to the present invention and the air flow of the entire house.
The hot and humid outside air is sucked in from an outside air inlet 1 provided outdoors, and is sucked into the blower 3 installed under the floor of the building through the underground heat exchanger 2.
The air that has been gradually humidified and cooled in the underground heat exchanger 2 is blown out to the heat storage packed bed 4 of gulite through a pipe (not shown) having a plurality of holes.

The underground heat exchanger 2 has a double pipe structure as shown in the figure, and has a structure in which an inner pipe is inserted into an outer pipe whose tip is sealed, and the tip of the inner pipe is open, It is buried vertically in the ground with an appropriate gap between the outer tube and the inner tube.
High temperature and high humidity outside air enters the gap between the outer pipe and the inner pipe through the hole of the outer pipe, descends the gap, collides with the sealing portion at the lower end, changes direction, and rises the inner pipe. The upper part of the inner pipe is connected to the blower 3 by an intake pipe.
The outer pipe of the pipe is made of a metal pipe (for example, made of aluminum) having good heat conduction, and the inner pipe is made of, for example, a pipe made of resin (for example, polyethylene) having poor heat conduction.

Part of the air that has passed through the heat storage layer 4 of gulite is injected into the room from below the floor on the first floor, the rest rises through the gap between the interior board and the insulated boat, and part of the air passes through the ceiling on the first floor. It turns between the floors on the second floor, and the rest rises through the gap between the interior board on the second floor and the insulated boat, and turns around the back of the ceiling hut.
In the second floor, a part of the air rising through the gap between the interior board on the second floor and the insulated boat is injected into the room on the second floor.

  In particular, there is a gap between the insulation board and the waterproof and moisture-proof sheet, that is, the insulation board and the outer wall material, and this gap communicates from the concrete foundation part of the house to the upper part of the second floor. The heat exchanged outside air blows from the bottom to the top, and the heat insulation board is always air-cooled. This also suppresses the temperature rise of the heat insulating material, and hence the air flowing between the heat insulating material and the interior board.

By the air circulation as described above, both the first floor and the second floor are encased in a circulating air flow that is controlled in low humidity and temperature.
In the present invention, the pillars and beams forming the main skeleton of the building are constructed of lightweight steel materials that are good heat conductors and heat radiators, so the same low humidity and temperature-controlled air is totally It spreads evenly and creates a living environment with little temperature and humidity variations both indoors and outdoors, making condensation less likely to occur.

In the present invention, air that is circulated and used can be air that has been heat-exchanged by underground heat or solar heat.
In particular, when using geothermal heat, since geothermal heat is constant throughout the seasons, use underground heat at a generally constant underground temperature (15 ° C) by burying underground pipes. I can do it. The surface of the outer pipe of the underground heat exchanger is maintained at the underground heat temperature (15 to 20 ° C.) throughout the four seasons, and the passing air is heat-exchanged by underground heat.
For example, in the summer, air having an outside air temperature of 30 to 35 ° C. is cooled to around 26 to 28 ° C., and moisture in the air is condensed on the inner surface of the pipe to perform the first dehumidification. Although not shown, the condensed water accumulated at the bottom of the pipe is sucked up by a pump and discharged outdoors.
In winter, air having an outside air temperature of 5 to 10 ° C. is heated and dried around 12 to 16 ° C., and moisture in the air is evaporated and humidified on the inner surface of the pipe.

As the temperature characteristics of the ground, at depths up to 5m underground, due to the time delay of solar heat transfer, the temperature in the summer is even lower than the average temperature of the ground at a depth of 10m or more, and in winter the depth of the ground is also the same. The temperature becomes higher than the average temperature in the ground of 10m or more. Therefore, using this characteristic, when the underground heat exchanger pipe is buried to a depth of 5 m underground, it is most effective in terms of heat exchange efficiency and excavation costs. Therefore, the depth of the outer pipe is most preferably 5 m from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency and excavation cost.

The steel house used in the present invention has a structure in which pillars, horizontal beams, vertical beams and countless steel frames are stretched vertically and horizontally, so that the structure is extremely solid and extremely excellent in earthquake resistance. In addition, steel has significantly higher thermal conductivity than wood, so that heat is transferred well to every corner of the house, eliminating the temperature difference in the house and making the temperature distribution uniform.

Steel houses are generally easy to join and process columns, horizontal beams, vertical beams, etc., and have features such as saving labor, shortening the construction period, and free design.
FIG. 2 (enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1) shows an example of this, and is formed by contacting a horizontal beam of H-shaped steel opposed to C-shaped steel against the horizontal upper blade surface of H-shaped steel, It is possible to fix and easily connect the floor base and the horizontal beam with a clip that can be fixed as shown in FIG.

The concrete foundation on which the steel house of the present invention is erected is most preferably a flat concrete foundation 5 with reinforcing bars as shown in the overall view of FIG. The conventional structure which raises the part where the column is raised is rather an obstacle to heat transfer. In other words, in order to quickly transmit the temperature-controlled air flow starting from under the floor to the lightweight steel columns and beams to achieve a uniform temperature distribution, the concrete barrier as a heat insulating material is rather an obstacle. The most favorable heat transfer is obtained when the column is fixed to the concrete of the foundation at the level of piled stone. In terms of strength, a flat plate structure is preferable.

FIG. 3 (enlarged view of portion B in FIG. 1) is a diagram illustrating a method for making the most efficient heat transfer and heat transfer between the grindstone heat storage layer under the floor and the prismatic column of the lightweight steel.

The concrete foundation is filled with grit stones, and the prisms are embedded.
Guristone is a stone with a diameter of 30 to 100 mm piled on the ground surface from a depth of several tens of centimeters below the first floor to a depth of approximately 40 to 50 cm.
Heat transfer is made quickly to the steel that forms the skeleton of the entire building through direct contact between the stone and the prism of lightweight steel.

Geothermal heat is maintained at a temperature of 13-18 ° C. throughout the four seasons, and the gritite deposits are affected by the geothermal heat and are maintained at a temperature of 20-24 ° C. in the summer and 15-19 ° C. in the winter. Yes.
There is a gap between the accumulated stones and stones, and the passing air is cooled when passing through these stones, and moisture in the air is condensed on the surface of the stones. Thus, dehumidification and cooling are also performed.
In the present invention, it is not an essential condition that air gradually humidified and cooled by the underground heat exchanger is passed through the gulite deposit layer, and may be appropriately selected as necessary. In addition, moisture in the air condensed on the surface of the grits may be exhausted outside using an appropriate method.

Moreover, although not shown in figure, the moisture-proof sheet | seat is spread | laid in the bottom face of the deposition layer in order to prevent the raise of moisture from underground. This sheet has a structure that prevents water droplets and the like generated in the guristone layer from penetrating into the ground through the sheet, but preventing moisture from rising from the ground. This can be achieved by laying a plurality of sheets on the whole so as to form overlapping portions by shifting the positions. That is, moisture and moisture can be prevented from rising from the ground, but moisture from above can permeate outside through the gap between the overlapping portions.

FIG. 4 (enlarged view of part C in FIG. 1) is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a vibration isolator is mounted between a column and a reinforced concrete foundation.
For earthquake-resistant houses, it is common to increase the seismic performance by using strong structures such as braces such as walls and floors and plywood. In the present invention, a vibration isolator is mounted on the concrete foundation. In addition, it is a structure that absorbs the shaking of the earthquake with a double structure with a building on it.

As the vibration isolator, it is preferable to use a damping rubber, a resin, or a combination of these, which has a restoring force against vibrations such as vibrations. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is a simple material.

The most commonly used energy-saving construction method for the entire building is the external insulation method, but the outside of the insulation board is screwed with square timber and the outside of the square timber is covered with a waterproof and moisture-proof sheet. And seal the room.
Since a gap is formed between the waterproof and moisture-proof sheet and the outer wall material, it is possible to naturally ventilate the air by heat exchange with solar heat in the gap.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a steel house and an air flow of the entire house. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a connection structure for simply connecting the floor base and the horizontal beam. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a method of embedding in a prismatic heat storage layer of a prism. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a vibration isolator is mounted on a reinforced concrete foundation.

Claims (5)

The main frame is formed by using square steel pipes for the columns and light H-shaped steel for the horizontal beams, and the outside of the main frame is surrounded by a heat insulating material, and the temperature and humidity are adjusted inside the heat insulating material. A steel house having a structure in which the circulated air is circulated, and after the circulating air passes through a double-pipe heat exchanger in which the outside air is buried in the ground, A steel house characterized by being air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted by passing through a stone layer. A notched opening of a rectangular column made of C-shaped steel is placed in contact with the horizontal beam of the H-shaped steel facing the steel house so as to contact the horizontal upper blade surface of the H-shaped steel, and the inner surface of the C-shaped steel notched opening and the H 2. The steel house according to claim 1, wherein the flat base and the horizontal beam are fixed by a clip for holding and fixing the lower surface of the horizontal upper wing of the steel plate to form a floor base. The steel house is erected on a flat concrete foundation with reinforcing bars, and the guristone layer is deposited on the flat concrete foundation and the columns are embedded in the grit stone layer. The steel house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel house is formed. The steel house according to claim 3, wherein a vibration isolator is inserted and mounted between the concrete foundation and the pillar on the flat plate. 5. The heat insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material has a two-layer structure having a gap communicating vertically, and the outside air is naturally ventilated from the bottom upward in the gap. The listed steel house.

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