JP2007069061A - Sorting system of vegetables and fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems that costs for entrusting analysis is high and a long time is required until an analytical result is obtained and, on the other hand, an ELISA method, although the analytical result is obtained in several hours, troublesome work and time is required for preparing a sample and the total inspection is impossible because of destructive inspection. <P>SOLUTION: The sorting system of the vegetables and fruits is equipped with a feed means 2 for feeding the vegetables and fruits 6 and a position detecting means 9 for detecting that the distance between the vegetables and fruits 6 and a residual agricultural chemicals detecting means 20 reaches a predetermined focus distance. A bypass route 30 is connected to the feed means 2 and the residual agricultural chemicals detecting means 20 and the position detecting means 9 are arranged on the bypass route 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for a fruit and vegetable sorting system that sorts the fruit and vegetables by a residual pesticide attached to the surface of the harvested fruit and vegetables.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fruit and vegetable sorting system that sorts fruits and vegetables using an internal quality sensor that measures the sugar content, acidity, and the like of the fruits and vegetables is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). For residual agricultural chemicals attached to fruits and vegetables, since it is necessary to measure whether the residual agricultural chemical concentration, etc. conforms to the standard values of residual agricultural chemicals in the Food Sanitation Law, conventionally, simple analysis using consignment analysis or ELISA method (See, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2005-46794 A JP 2005-509158 A

However, the commissioned analysis has a problem that the commissioned cost is expensive and it takes a long time to obtain an analysis result. On the other hand, in the simple analysis using the ELISA method, although an analysis result was obtained in a few hours, the sample preparation work took time and was troublesome. Moreover, since it is a destructive inspection, 100% inspection was impossible.
Therefore, in the present invention, by automatically adjusting the focal length, the type, amount and concentration of the residual agricultural chemical attached without destroying or damaging the fruits and vegetables are measured, and the type, amount or concentration of the residual agricultural chemical is measured. It is an object to provide a fruit and vegetable sorting system that sorts fruits and vegetables by using the above method.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

That is, in claim 1, a fruit and vegetable sorting system provided with a residual pesticide detection means for measuring the residual pesticide concentration on the surface of the fruit and vegetables using an infrared spectrophotometer,
Conveying means for conveying the fruits and vegetables;
Position detecting means for detecting that the distance between the fruit and vegetable surface and the residual pesticide detecting means has reached a predetermined focal length;
At the point where the surface of the fruits and vegetables reaches the focal length, the conveying means is stopped and the residual agricultural chemical concentration and the like are measured.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a bypass path is connected to the conveying means, and the residual pesticide detecting means and the position detecting means are disposed on the bypass path.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a mounting table for mounting fruits and vegetables is provided, and a rotating means for horizontally rotating the mounting table is provided in the vicinity of the residual agricultural chemical detecting means.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  In claim 1, the position of the fruits and vegetables can be adjusted without using a large-scale device. That is, the distance from the residual pesticide detection means to the fruit and vegetable surface can be easily adjusted to the focal length. As a result, the accuracy of component analysis can be improved, the need for expensive commissioned analysis is eliminated, and there is no need to prepare samples as in the ELISA method, and it is possible to sort without destroying fruits and vegetables. Can do.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the sampling inspection can be easily performed without stopping the conveyance by the conveying means, and the sampling operation can be performed in accordance with the time for detecting the residual agricultural chemicals by the bypass route.

  According to the third aspect, it is possible to easily measure a plurality of locations for one specimen (fruits and vegetables) only by rotating the mounting table, and it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of residual agricultural chemicals. The position of fruits and vegetables can be adjusted without using a large-scale device. That is, the distance from the residual pesticide detection means to the fruit and vegetable surface can be easily adjusted to the focal length. As a result, there is no need for expensive commissioned analysis, and there is no need to prepare a sample as in the ELISA method, and it is possible to sort without destroying the fruits and vegetables.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
1 is a schematic plan view of a fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view and a side view of the mounting table 6, FIG. 3 is a front view showing the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the internal quality sensor 4, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20 according to the second embodiment, FIG. 7 is a partially sectional side view, and FIG. It is a plane schematic diagram of the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1b which concerns on.

  The detailed configuration of the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a, which is an embodiment of the fruit and vegetable sorting system of the present invention, will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the directions represented by arrows A and B in FIG. 1 are the directions in which the fruits and vegetables 6 are conveyed (conveyance directions A and B), and the fruits and vegetables 6 are the fruits and vegetables supply device 16 on the upstream side of the conveying means 2. Then, it passes through the transport means 2 and bypass path 30 described later, and is transported to the class-specific lines 2a, 2b, 2c and the disposal line 30b.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a measures the type, amount and concentration (hereinafter referred to as residual pesticide concentration) of the residual pesticide adhering to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 using infrared rays, and based on the measurement result. Select the first stage (residual pesticide concentration etc.), measure the internal quality such as sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables 6 using light, and select the second stage based on the measurement result (internal quality selection) Is to do. The fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a mainly comprises a transport means 2, a bypass path 30, a position detecting means 9, a residual pesticide detecting means 20, an agrochemical sorting means 22, an internal quality sensor 4, an internal quality sorting means 29, a control means 10, and the like. .

  The fruits and vegetables 6 handled by the fruits and vegetables sorting system 1a is a generic name for strawberries, tangerines, oranges, melons, tomatoes and other fruits or vegetables, depending on the internal quality such as residual pesticide concentration, sugar content (sweetness), acidity (acidity), etc. It is what is selected. Specifically, as will be described later, the fruits and vegetables 6 transported to the bypass path 30 are shipped fruits and vegetables 6a (fruits and vegetables whose residual agricultural chemical concentrations are less than the standard value) and discarded fruits and vegetables 6b (residual agricultural chemical concentrations and the like are based on the residual agricultural chemical concentration). Fruits and vegetables 6 that have not been transported to the bypass route 30 are sorted by rank according to internal quality such as sugar content and acidity.

The mounting table 5 is an embodiment of a transport container such as a tray or a pan, and is used for transporting the surface of the fruit 6 without damaging it.
As shown in FIG. 2, the mounting table 5 is entirely made of a material having high rigidity such as resin, but the surface of the dish on which the fruits and vegetables 6 are placed is made of a material having low rigidity such as silicon or rubber. The bottom of the dish surface is filled with a gel agent that softens absorption. These structures prevent damage to the fruits and vegetables 6 being conveyed.

  Here, a hole portion 26 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided in the center of the mounting table 5, and as shown in FIG. 5, light irradiated from the light projecting portion 24 of the internal quality sensor 4 to be described later is placed. It is comprised so that it may not be obstruct | occluded by the mounting base 5. FIG. That is, the irradiation light from the light projecting section 24 passes through between the belts 13a and 13b of the bypass path 30 to be described later and through the hole 26 in the center of the mounting table 5 and passes through the fruits and vegetables 6 to receive the light. Detected by the unit 25.

  An IC tag 35 is attached to the side surface or the bottom surface of the mounting table 5, and producer information such as the producer number and harvest date of the fruits and vegetables 6 is stored in the IC tag 35 in advance. This is because, as will be described later, the measurement results such as the residual agricultural chemical concentration of the fruits and vegetables 6 that have passed through the bypass path 30 are stored in the arithmetic storage unit 10b described later and used for farming guidance and the like.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the transport means 2 places the fruits and vegetables 6, 6... On the placing tables 5, 5. It is conveyed to the internal quality sorting means 29 side (conveying direction A). The conveying means 2 in this embodiment is a belt conveyor, and is composed of belts 13a and 13b wound around a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. The conveying means 2, the bypass path 30 described later, and the class-specific lines 2a, 2b, and 2c are driven by the motor 21 shown in FIG.

  A bypass path 30 is connected to the middle part of the transport means 2, and more specifically, the branch end 31 is configured by connecting the start end of the bypass path 30 directly downstream of the fruit and vegetables supply device 16 on the transport means 2. The end portion of the bypass path 30 is connected to an internal quality sensor 4 (to be described later) on the conveying means 2 to constitute a merging portion. In the present embodiment, the internal quality sensor 4 plays the role of the merge part, but the present invention is not limited to such a form, and a separate merge part is provided on the conveying means 2 upstream of the internal quality sensor 4. Alternatively, the terminal portion may be connected to another sorting path.

The bypass path 30 does not need to be provided with a gap between the two belts as in the conveying means 2 and is preferably composed of one line or the like, which eliminates the need for a large-scale device for adjusting the position of the fruits and vegetables 6 described later. .
In the bypass path 30, a position detection means 9, a residual pesticide detection means 20, a pesticide sorting means 22, a shipping line 30 a and a disposal line 30 b that extend from the pesticide sorting means 22 are arranged. ing. As described above, the end portion of the shipping line 30a (the end portion of the bypass path 30) is connected to the internal quality sensor 4 on the conveying means 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, in the bypass path 30, the mounting table 5 on which the fruits and vegetables 6 are mounted passes through the vicinity of the diffuse reflection device 3 of the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20.
The diffuse reflection device 3 divides and synthesizes (interferes) the infrared rays emitted from the light projecting means 7, and projects the combined infrared rays onto the irradiating reflection means 12, and the synthesized infrared light 11 described below. Irradiating reflecting means 12 and 13 for leading to the irradiation, and for irradiating the infrared rays guided by the irradiating reflecting means 12 and 13 to irradiate the side of the fruits and vegetables 6 on the mounting table 5 (arrow C in the figure). The mirror 11, the light receiving mirror 17 that reflects the infrared rays reflected by the fruits and vegetables 6 (arrow D in the figure) to the light receiving reflecting means 18, 19 and the optical path changing means 15, and the light receiving mirror 17 emits light. The optical path changing means 15 for projecting the infrared rays to the detector 32 at the rear is constituted.
The residual pesticide detection means 20 is disposed behind the light projecting means 7, the diffuse reflection device 3, and the optical path changing means 15, detects infrared rays from the optical path changing means 15, and detects the detected optical infrared rays. It comprises a detector 32 for transmitting the target information as an output signal to the AD converter 33, an AD converter 33 for digitizing the output signal and transmitting it to the control means 10, and the like.

  In the residual pesticide detection means 20, as will be described later, when the fruits and vegetables 6 conveyed to the bypass path 30 are sent to the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20, the light projection means 7 moves the interferometer 14 and the irradiation mirror 11. The reflected light reflected by the fruits and vegetables 6 is detected by the detector 32 via the light receiving mirror 17 and the optical path changing means 15. The optical information of the reflected light detected by the detector 32 is converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 33 and transmitted to the control means 10. Then, by performing spectrum analysis in the control means 10 to be described later, it is possible to measure the residual agricultural chemical concentration and the like attached to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 that have passed through the bypass path 30, and whether the fruits and vegetables 6 can be shipped or cannot be shipped. Judge whether it is fruit or vegetable.

In this embodiment, since the residual agricultural chemical concentration attached to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 is measured by using the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 by infrared rays, the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables 6 measured with the irradiation mirror 11 and the light receiving mirror 17 are measured. If the distance to is not adjusted to an optimum distance (hereinafter referred to as a focal length), an accurate spectrum of the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 cannot be obtained.
Specifically, when the distance between the irradiation mirror 11 and the light receiving mirror 17 and the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 to be measured is not optimal, the intensity of the reflected light received by the detector 32 becomes weak, so that the wavelength of the spectrum corresponds to the wavelength. Differences in intensity (spectral irregularities) cannot be clearly identified, and as a result, the type and concentration of residual pesticides cannot be accurately determined.

Therefore, in the present fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a, as shown in FIG. 1, the position detection means 9 of the conveyance position of the fruits and vegetables 6 is disposed immediately before the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 on the bypass path 30. The position detection means 9 determines whether or not the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 conveyed on the bypass path 30 (the tip on the residual pesticide detection means 20 side) has reached a position away from the residual pesticide detection means 20 by the focal length. Is to judge.
Specifically, the position detection means 9 includes a surface of the fruit and vegetable 6 having a height substantially matching the height of the focus of the residual pesticide detection means 20, in other words, the tip of the residual pesticide detection means side at the focus height of the fruit and vegetable 6; This is to detect that the distance X to the residual pesticide detection means 20 substantially matches the focal length inherent to the residual pesticide detection means 20. That is, not the position of the mounting table 5 but the tip position of the fruits and vegetables 6 is directly detected.

  Specifically, as will be described later, the distance between the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 and the residual pesticide detection means 20 where the energy or intensity of the spectrum obtained by the arithmetic storage unit 10b or the unevenness of the intensity becomes large is set as the focal distance in advance. The position detection means 9 such as an optical sensor is disposed at a point away from the residual pesticide detection means 20 by the focal distance. Then, by detecting that the infrared ray Y or the like emitted from the position detecting means 9 such as the optical sensor is blocked or reflected, the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 has reached a position away from the residual pesticide detecting means 20 by a focal length. It is detected. Then, the position detection means 9 is configured to transmit a reaching signal to the calculation storage unit 10b of the control means 10 and stop the conveyance when the fruits and vegetables 6 reach the focal length. As will be described later, the configuration may be such that the arrival signal is directly sent to the motor 21 and the residual pesticide detection means 20 of the bypass path 30. However, it is also possible to arrange a distance sensor such as an ultrasonic sensor in the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20 and stop the conveyance when the fruits and vegetables 6 reach the focal length.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the agrochemical sorting means 22 is provided on the downstream side of the residual pesticide detection means 20 on the bypass path 30, and the judgment result (measured residual pesticide concentration, etc.) by the residual pesticide detection means 20 and the control means 10. The fruit and vegetables 6 are sorted into the shipped fruit and vegetables 6a and the discarded fruit and vegetables 6b, and the shipped fruit and vegetables 6a are sorted into the shipping line 30a, and the discarded fruit and vegetables 6b are sorted into the discard line 30b. Place.

The reading unit 34 is arranged immediately after the residual pesticide detection unit 20 and is stored in an IC tag 35 attached to the table 5 for the fruits and vegetables 6 whose residual pesticide concentration and the like are measured by the residual pesticide detection unit 20. Producer information can be read. When the residual agricultural chemical concentration of the fruit 6 measured by the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 is equal to or higher than a reference value, the producer information of the fruit 6 stored in the IC tag 35 is read, and the read producer information Is sent to the control means 10 which will be described later, and is stored in the arithmetic storage unit 10b together with the residual pesticide concentration measured by the residual pesticide detection means 20.
However, the reading unit 34 may be disposed on the upstream side of the residual pesticide detection unit 20 or on the disposal line 30b.

  The fruit and vegetable supply device 16 is provided at the most upstream part of the conveying means 2 and supplies the placing tables 5, 5... Before placing the fruits and vegetables 6 to the conveying means 2.

  The internal quality sensor 4 optically determines the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables 6 such as sugar content (sweetness) and acidity (sourness) optically (non-destructively using light). It is provided at 30 junctions.

As shown in FIG. 5, the internal quality sensor 4 mainly includes a housing 23, a light projecting unit 24, a light receiving unit 25, and the like.
The housing 23 is a structure for fixing other members of the internal quality sensor 4 and also serves as a covering means for preventing light from the outside from affecting the light projecting unit 24 and the light receiving unit 25. The housing 23 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box, and an opening 23a and an opening 23b are formed in opposite side surfaces of the housing 23, and the conveying means 2 passes through the opening 23a and the opening 23b. The fruits and vegetables 6 that have been transported on the transport means 2 enter the inside of the housing 23 through the opening 23 a while being placed on the mounting table 5, and are discharged from the opening 23 b to the outside of the housing 23.

The light projecting unit 24 irradiates the fruits and vegetables 6 with light (infrared rays, laser light, etc.) for measuring the internal quality such as sugar content or acidity of the fruits and vegetables 6, and is connected to the control means 10 by a cable 24a. Specifically, the light projecting unit 24 includes a lamp, an LED, or the like. In addition, it is necessary to select suitably the kind, wavelength, intensity | strength, etc. of the light irradiated to the fruits and vegetables 6 by the light projection part 24 according to the kind etc. of this fruits and vegetables. The light projecting unit 24 may be provided with a light source such as a lamp or a lens, and power may be supplied to the light source by a cable 24a. Alternatively, the light source may be provided on the control means 10 side, and the cable 24a may be used as an optical fiber. The light may be supplied to the lens of the unit 24.
The light receiving unit 25 receives the transmitted light that has been irradiated by the light projecting unit 24 and passed through the fruits and vegetables 6, and is connected to the control means 10 by a cable 25a. Specifically, the light receiving unit 25 includes a photodiode, a phototransistor, a CCD, or the like.

The light projecting unit 24 is disposed below the transport unit 2 inside the housing 23, and the light receiving unit 25 is disposed above the transport unit 2 inside the housing 23. The light emitted from the light projecting unit 24 passes through the hole 26 formed in the central portion of the mounting table 5, passes through the fruits and vegetables 6 mounted on the mounting table 5, and enters the light receiving unit 25. Received light.
As described above, the belt 13a and the belt 13b of the transport unit 2 are wound with a predetermined interval, and the light from the light projecting unit 24 is configured to pass between the belt 13a and the belt 13b. ing. Therefore, the transport unit 2 does not block the optical path (the light path from the light projecting unit 24 to the light receiving unit 25).

The light received by the light receiving unit 25 (transmitted light from the fruits and vegetables 6) has a reduced specific wavelength component as compared with the light irradiated by the light projecting unit 24. This is due to the fact that components related to sugar content, components related to acidity, and the like contained in the fruits and vegetables 6 absorb specific wavelength components.
Therefore, the amount of absorption is measured (the specific wavelength component when the light receiving unit 25 receives light with the fruits and vegetables 6 not blocking the light path, and the light receiving unit 25 receiving light with the fruits and vegetables 6 blocking the light path. The amount of the component related to the sugar content of the fruits and vegetables 6 or the component related to the acidity (more strictly, the component molecule related to the sugar content) And the number of component molecules related to acidity) can be measured.

  In the present embodiment, the light projecting unit 24 is disposed below the transport unit 2 and the light receiving unit 25 is disposed above the transport unit 2. However, the light projecting unit 24 may be disposed on the side of the transport unit and the direction of the optical path. There is no limitation on the relationship (the angle and the positional relationship) between the transfer direction A and the transfer direction A.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the internal quality selection means 29 is provided in the most downstream part of the transport means 2, and selects the fruits and vegetables 6 based on the determination result (information related to the internal quality) by the internal quality sensor 4. In other words, the internal quality selection means 29 places the fruits 6 and 6a on the rank-specific lines 2a, 2b and 2c according to the classes (by internal quality) measured by the internal quality sensor 4. .

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control means 10 includes a transport means 2, a branch portion 31, a bypass path 30, a position detection means 9, a residual pesticide detection means 20, an agrochemical selection means 22, an internal quality sensor that constitute the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1. 4. Controls the internal quality selection means 29, the reading means 34, etc., and stores programs for controlling these operations. The position detecting means 9, the residual pesticide detecting means 20, the reading means 34, the internal Various information is acquired from the quality sensor 4 or the like, power is supplied to the residual pesticide detection means 20 or the like, or an operation command (signal) is sent to the bypass path 30, the residual pesticide detection means 20 or the pesticide selection means 22 or the like. Can be transmitted.

As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.4, the control means 10 is comprised from the display part 10a and the calculation memory | storage part 10b. When the arrival signal from the position detection means 9 is received, the arithmetic storage unit 10b stops the motor 21 to stop the bypass path 30, or causes the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 to measure the residual agricultural chemical concentration of the fruits and vegetables 6. Or start.
However, the arrival signal may be transmitted directly to the motor 21 or the residual pesticide detection means 20 without going through the arithmetic storage unit 10b. That is, when the distance X between the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 and the residual pesticide detection means 20 becomes the focal length, the position detection means 9 directly stops the motor 21 and causes the residual pesticide detection means 20 to have a residual pesticide concentration on the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6. The structure which starts measurement, etc. may be sufficient.

  Then, the arithmetic storage unit 10b converts the output signal relating to the reflected light transmitted from the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 into a spectrum. Specifically, information on the reflected light detected by the detector 32 is transmitted as a digital signal to the control means 10 via the AD converter 33, and the arithmetic storage unit 10b of the control means 10 receives the time function of the received reflected light. Is Fourier transformed into a spectrum as a function of frequency.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the result of the Fourier transform is displayed as a spectrum on the display unit 10a.
The calculation storage unit 10b performs image processing on the calculated spectrum, automatically determines whether or not the residual pesticide concentration and the like obtained for each of the fruits and vegetables 6 is within a reference value, and the pesticide sorting means 22 uses the fruits and vegetables 6 · 6... Are sorted into the shipped fruits and vegetables 6a (the fruits and vegetables within the reference value) and the discarded fruits and vegetables 6b (the fruits and vegetables exceeding the reference value). That is, only the shipped fruits and vegetables can be transported to the internal quality sensor 4 on the shipping line 30a.
However, the operator visually determines the displayed spectrum, determines whether or not the residual pesticide concentration obtained for each of the fruits and vegetables 6 is within the reference value, and the operator determines whether the fruits and vegetables 6. 6... May be sorted into shipping fruits and vegetables 6a and discarded fruits and vegetables 6b.

Specifically, the arithmetic storage unit 10b discriminates the type of residual agricultural chemical based on the conversion table obtained experimentally in advance for each spectrum and the type of residual agricultural chemical, and obtains the residual agricultural chemical concentration.
When the measurement of the residual pesticide concentration and the like is completed, the control means 10 starts the motor 21 and restarts the drive of the bypass path 30. As described above, the configuration may be such that, when the measurement of the residual agricultural chemical concentration or the like is completed without using the control means 10, the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 directly starts the motor 21 and resumes driving of the bypass path 30.

  At this time, the arithmetic storage unit 10b stores the producer information and the like of the shipped fruits and vegetables 6a and the discarded fruits and vegetables 6b read by the reading unit 34. Further, the ratio of the shipped fruits and vegetables 6a and the discarded fruits and vegetables 6b for each producer is calculated, and the ratio, the number of shipped fruits and vegetables, the number of discarded fruits and vegetables, and the like are stored, and these numerical values can be viewed on the display unit 10a. As a result, it is possible to take measures such as shipment stoppage for producers who are frequently judged to be discarded fruits and vegetables 6b.

Further, the control means 10 controls the extraction of the mounting table 5 from the branching section 31 to the bypass path 30.
Further, in the arithmetic storage unit 10b, the fruits and vegetables 6.6... Are classified based on the internal quality measured by the internal quality sensor 4, and the fruits and vegetables 6.6. Let them sort separately.

Hereinafter, the sorting operation by the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, among the fruits 6... That have been transported on the transport means 2, a proportion of the fruits 6. It is conveyed to the path 30 (conveying direction B). When the fruits and vegetables 6 are transported on the bypass path 30 toward the residual pesticide detection means 20 and the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 (the tip on the residual pesticide detection means 20 side) reaches a position away from the residual pesticide detection means 20 by a focal length. The arrival signal is sent from the position detection means 9 to the motor 21 and the residual pesticide detection means 20 in the bypass path 30.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the motor 21 receives the arrival signal, the motor 21 stops the conveyance of the bypass path 30, and the residual pesticide detection means 20 interferes with the light projecting means 7 as shown in FIG. 4. Infrared rays are irradiated to the fruits and vegetables 6 through the total 14 and the irradiation mirror 11, and the reflected light reflected by the fruits and vegetables 6 is detected by the detector 32 through the light receiving mirror 17 and the optical path changing means 15. The absorbed infrared optical information is converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 33 and transmitted to the control means 10 (that is, the control means 10 receives the optical information of the fruits and vegetables 6 from the residual pesticide detection means 20. get).
The arithmetic storage unit 10b converts the optical information into a spectrum and performs spectrum analysis. Specifically, the residual pesticide concentration or the like is calculated based on the spectrum, and it is determined whether or not the residual pesticide concentration or the like conforms to the standard value for residual pesticides in the Food Sanitation Law.

Next, Example 2 of the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1b will be described.
The fruit and vegetable sorting system 1b is provided with means for rotating (rotating) the mounting table 5 on which the fruits and vegetables 6 are placed in a horizontal plane in the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, two rollers 40 and 40 that are separated from each other by a distance substantially the same as the diameter of the mounting table 5 are disposed on the bypass path 30 in the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20. As shown in FIG. 7, motors 41 and 41 are disposed below the rollers 40 and 40, and the rollers 40 and 40 are rotated by the motors 41 and 41 via roller shafts 42 and 42, for example. It is the composition to do.
The position detection means 9 is disposed on the roller 40 on the side of the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20.

That is, before the residual pesticide detection means 20, the mounting table 5 is rotated by the rollers 40, 40, and the position detection means 9 reaches the position where the surface of the fruit 6 is separated from the residual pesticide detection means 20 by the focal length. By detecting this, the residual pesticide concentration and the like are measured.
In this embodiment, the mounting table 5 is sandwiched and rotated by the two rollers 40 and 40. However, the number of rollers 40 to be disposed is not limited to two, and the mounting table 5 is clamped. It is good also as a structure which clamps the mounting base 5 with three or more rollers 40 * 40 ... in order to stabilize. In the present embodiment, the rollers 40 and 40 are in contact with the side surfaces on both sides of the mounting table 5 and rotated. However, a disk is provided below the measurement position of the fruits and vegetables 6 so as to be movable up and down, and placed on the disk. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the cradle 5 is placed, lifted, rotated and then lowered.

In the fruit and vegetable sorting system 1b, the mounting table 5 is rotated by the rollers 40 and 40, whereby the residual agricultural chemical concentration and the like can be measured at a plurality of locations on one fruit and vegetable 6. Therefore, even when the residual agricultural chemical concentration attached to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 is shaded, the maximum value and the average value can be calculated, and the reliability of measurement of the residual agricultural chemical concentration and the like can be improved.
In addition, if the residual agricultural chemical concentration such as the spatter of fruits and vegetables 6 is measured, a normal spectrum such as the residual agricultural chemical concentration cannot be obtained due to the chlorophyll etc. of the raw material, but such a spectrum is processed as an abnormal value. By rotating the fruits and vegetables 6 again, it is possible to measure the residual pesticide concentration and the like in another part (edible part or the like). That is, it is possible to measure the residual pesticide concentration and the like regardless of the mounting direction (mounting state) of the fruits and vegetables 6 on the mounting table 5.

  As described above, in the case of detecting the position of the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 during the rotation of the mounting table 5 by the rollers 40 and 40, the transport of the mounting table 5 on the bypass path 30 is made smooth. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable that the bypass path 30 bends to the side in front of the residual pesticide detection means 20.

  As described above, the fruit and vegetable sorting systems 1a and 1b including the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 for measuring the residual agricultural chemical concentration and the like on the surface of the fruit and vegetables 6 using an infrared spectrophotometer, which convey the fruit and vegetables 6. Means 2 and position detecting means 9 for detecting that the distance between the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 and the residual pesticide detecting means 20 has reached a predetermined focal length, and the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 reaches the focal length. At this point, the conveying means is stopped and the residual pesticide concentration and the like are measured, so that the position of the fruits and vegetables 6 can be adjusted without using a large-scale apparatus. That is, the distance from the residual pesticide detection means 20 to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 can be easily adjusted to the focal length. As a result, the accuracy of component analysis can be improved, the need for expensive commissioned analysis is eliminated, and there is no need to prepare a sample as in the ELISA method, and the fruits and vegetables 6 can be selected without being destroyed. Can be inspected.

  Further, since the bypass path 30 is connected to the transport means 2 and the residual pesticide detection means 20 and the position detection means 9 are disposed on the bypass path 30, it is easy to stop transport by the transport means 2 without stopping. A sampling inspection can be performed, and a sampling operation can be performed in accordance with the time for detecting residual agricultural chemicals in the bypass path 30.

  Further, since the mounting table 5 for mounting the fruits and vegetables 6 is provided and the rotating means 40 for horizontally rotating the mounting table 5 is provided in the vicinity of the residual pesticide detection means 20, the rotation of the mounting table 5 makes it It is possible to easily measure a plurality of locations for one specimen (fruits and vegetables 6), and it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of residual agricultural chemicals. The position of the fruits and vegetables 6 can be adjusted without using a large-scale device. That is, the distance from the residual pesticide detection means 20 to the surface of the fruits and vegetables 6 can be easily adjusted to the focal length. As a result, there is no need for expensive commissioned analysis, and there is no need to prepare a sample as in the ELISA method, and it is possible to sort without destroying the fruits and vegetables.

1 is a schematic plan view of a fruit and vegetable sorting system 1a according to Embodiment 1. FIG. (A) The top view of the mounting base 6 (b) The same side view. The front view which shows the residual agrochemical detection means 20 vicinity. Similarly a partial cross-sectional plan view. The side surface schematic diagram of the internal quality sensor 4. FIG. The top view which shows the residual agricultural chemical detection means 20 vicinity which concerns on Example 2. FIG. Similarly a partial cross-sectional side view. The plane schematic diagram of the fruit and vegetable selection system 1b which concerns on Example 2. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1a, 1b Fruits and vegetables sorting system 2 Conveying means 4 Internal quality sensor 5 Mounting table 6 Fruits and vegetables 9 Position detecting means 10 Control means 20 Residual pesticide detecting means 22 Pesticide sorting means 30 Bypass path 40 Rotating means (roller)

Claims (3)

A fruit and vegetable sorting system equipped with a residual pesticide detection means for measuring the residual pesticide concentration on the surface of the fruit and vegetables using an infrared spectrophotometer,
Conveying means for conveying the fruits and vegetables;
Position detecting means for detecting that the distance between the fruit and vegetable surface and the residual pesticide detecting means has reached a predetermined focal length;
A fruit and vegetable sorting system characterized by measuring the concentration of residual agricultural chemicals and the like by stopping the conveying means at a point where the surface of the fruit and vegetables reaches a focal length.   The fruit and vegetable sorting system according to claim 1, wherein a bypass path is connected to the transport means, and the residual pesticide detection means and the position detection means are disposed on the bypass path. It has a mounting table for mounting fruits and vegetables,
The fruit and vegetable sorting system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a rotating means for horizontally rotating the mounting table is provided in the vicinity of the residual pesticide detecting means.

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