JP2007061748A - Water purifying equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide water purifying equipment which can be used anywhere when suffering from a disaster. <P>SOLUTION: The water purifying equipment includes a raw water tank 2, a filtration unit 3 and a submersible pump 7 for feeding raw water to the filtration unit 3. The submersible pump 7 is motorized by power supply and electric power is supplied from a battery 31. The purified water is extracted from a purified water extraction pipe 25 to, for example, a poly tank T through an auxiliary tank 21. The raw water tank 2 includes an inlet 5, and the raw water can be poured thereinto by, for example, the poly tank T and a bucket. Since an electric power source is the battery, it can be used during an interruption of the power supply and also since the submersible pump 7 is used, it is quiet. Since the filtration unit 3 is a capillary membrane method using a hollow fiber, it is excellent in durability and has good purification efficiency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The invention of the present application uses river water, lake water, pond water, moat water, well water, fire water tank water, non-clean water such as pool water as raw water, and can be used for drinking or washing or The present invention relates to a water purifier that purifies water that can be used as domestic water for baths and the like.

  When water supply is cut off due to a disaster such as the earthquake disaster, it is extremely important to secure drinking water and domestic water. Therefore, an apparatus for purifying non-clean water such as river water and pond water into a drinkable state has been proposed. As an example, Patent Document 1 describes that a set of members such as a water absorption device, a filtration unit, and a sterilization device that draws water from a river or the like is mounted on a hand-drawn cart (wagon). Since the purification device of this Patent Document 1 can be moved anywhere, it has excellent mobility.

  Water purification is ambiguous, and the term “purification” has several aspects. That is, it is an aspect of removal of foreign substances (solid matter), sterilization (sterilization), removal of chemical substances (for example, trihalomethane) and odorous components, and various filter media and methods are used depending on purposes. For example, various filters are used for removing foreign substances, chlorine, ozone, ultraviolet rays, etc. are used for sterilization and sterilization, and activated carbon is used for removing odors.

Reverse osmosis membranes and capillary filtration membranes (hollow fiber filtration membranes) are known as purification materials (filter media) that can simultaneously remove foreign substances and sterilize. A water purification apparatus using the former reverse osmosis membrane is described in Patent Document 2, for example, and an example of a filtration module using the latter capillary filtration membrane is described in Patent Document 3.
JP-A-9-220558 JP 2002-166274 A JP 2000-246066 A

  Since the water purification apparatus of patent document 1 is portable, mobility is excellent compared with a fixed type. However, because the water purification device has a certain weight, for example, when purifying river water in the event of an earthquake disaster, the road collapses and the bank collapses due to the collapse of the house As a result, the water purification apparatus may not be able to be transported to the vicinity of the river.

  In addition, since the water purifier of Patent Document 1 sucks water from a river or the like with a hose, pumping may not be possible if the water depth of a river or the like is shallow. There is concern about the problem that durability is likely to deteriorate due to the water hammer effect that water tends to collide with the filter medium suddenly when air is mixed in shallow water such as c rivers, which tends to be uniform. The

  An object of the present invention is to eliminate such a current situation.

  The water purifier according to the invention of claim 1 is a raw water tank provided with an inlet for pouring raw water, a filtration unit for purifying the raw water by pressurizing and passing the raw water, an input port of the filtration unit, and the raw water tank A pump that is provided in the water supply line to pressurize the raw water in the raw water tank and send it to the filtration unit, and a water discharge line that takes out the purified water discharged from the filtration unit. I have.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the filtration unit includes a filtration membrane made of a capillary material, while the pump is an electric submersible pump driven by a DC power source, The raw water tank, the filtration unit, the submersible pump, the DC power supply, the water supply pipe, the water discharge pipe, and other members are mounted on the carriage.

  In the water purifier of the present invention, since the raw water is stored in the raw water tank and then sucked in by the pump, the suction amount per unit time is constant and air can be prevented from entering, so that stable operation can be ensured. In addition, the durability of the filtration unit is also high. In addition, since the filtration unit is a system that filters the raw water by applying pressure to the raw water, the raw water can be efficiently purified. Therefore, it is particularly suitable as a purification device at the time of disaster.

  And since the raw water pumped into the raw water tank, for example, from a plastic tank or a bucket, can be poured into the raw water tank, purified water can be secured even when the raw water of a river or the like can only be pumped manually. For this reason, it is extremely useful as a water purifier for disasters. In addition, it is possible to use the water purification device of the present application in central places such as evacuation shelters, open spaces and parks, where residents in the surrounding area gather and take purified water back in a plastic tank. It is easy to use as an emergency water purifier.

  In addition, when using the water purifier of the present invention, it is possible to draw the water of the pond with a hose and pour it into the raw water tank, or pour the raw water into the raw water tank from the faucet provided in the disaster prevention water storage tank, It is one of the advantages of the present invention that such various usage methods can be selected.

  As described in claim 2, when a filtration membrane made of a capillary material is used as the filtration material of the filtration unit, there is an advantage that raw water can be efficiently purified at a relatively low pressure. Moreover, although the pump for water supply can also be arrange | positioned outside a raw | natural water tank, when a submersible pump is used like Claim 2, since the amount of water supply per unit time will become more uniform, it is excellent in stability. In addition, a battery that is a direct current power source can be used as the power source of the pump, and therefore, there is an advantage that the generation of noise can be remarkably suppressed as compared with the driving by the engine (because it is a submersible pump, quietness is further improved. high). Furthermore, when the whole water purification apparatus is mounted on a carriage as a unit as in claim 2, there is an advantage that it can be easily moved to a required place.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1). Description of Structure FIG. 1 is a block diagram, and as shown in this figure, the water purifier 1 includes one raw water tank 2 and two filtration units 3. The raw water tank 2 has an inlet 5 provided with a filter 4 that opens upward, so that raw water can be injected with a poly tank T or a bucket. The inlet 5 may be formed in an upper door shape, or the whole or most of the raw water tank 2 may be opened upward.

  A drain pipe 6 with an on-off valve is connected to the raw water tank 2. A submersible pump 7 is disposed in the raw water tank 2 in a state of being immersed in the raw water, and a single collecting water pipe 8 extends from the submersible pump 7. The collective water supply pipe 8 is provided with a manual first on-off valve 9 and a pressure gauge 10.

  The filtration unit 3 has an elongated appearance, and includes a cylindrical main body 11 and headers 12 at both ends thereof. One header 12 is provided with a horizontal water inlet port 13, the other header 12 is provided with a horizontal water outlet port 14, and both headers 12 are for water purification located on the center line of the filtration unit 3. A water outlet port 15 is provided.

  The collective water supply pipe 8 is branched into two at a midpoint, and the branched water supply pipes 16 are respectively connected to the water inlet port 13 of the filtration unit 3. Each branch water supply pipe 16 is provided with a manual second on-off valve 17.

  A first outlet pipe 18 is connected to each of the two outlet ports 15 for water purification in both filtration units 3. The first water discharge pipe 18 is assembled in one second water discharge pipe 19. Further, the second water discharge pipes 19 in both filtration units 3 are gathered in one third water discharge pipe 20 via a third on-off valve 22. The third outlet pipe 20 branches into a primary water outlet pipe 25a and a secondary water pipe 25b, and a fourth on-off valve 23 is provided in the primary water outlet pipe 25a.

  The secondary water pipe 25 b is branched into a main pipe 25 c and a bypass pipe 25 d by a three-way valve 23 ′, and the main pipe 25 c is open to the auxiliary tank 21. Further, a secondary water outlet pipe 25 e provided with a fifth on-off valve (faucet) 24 is connected to the lower surface of the auxiliary tank 21. Further, an overflow pipe 26 is connected to the auxiliary tank 21 at an upper and lower halfway height, the tip of the overflow pipe 26 enters the inside of the raw water tank 2, and the bypass pipe 25d is connected to the bypass pipe 26. It is connected to the.

  A first drain pipe 27 is connected to each of the cleaning water outlet ports 15 of the filtration unit 3, and the two first drain pipes 27 are gathered in one second drain pipe 28. Each first drain pipe 27 is provided with a sixth on-off valve 29.

  The submersible pump 7 is driven by a direct current motor, and the purification device is provided with a battery 31 serving as a power source for the submersible pump 7. In the electrical system of the water purifier 1, an AC power source is used as an external power source, and therefore a power cable 32 is provided. The AC power is converted into DC by a rectifier (charger) 33.

  The electric system includes an operation panel 34, and the submersible pump 7 is turned ON / OFF by a switch operation of the operation panel 34. Further, the raw water tank 2 is provided with a lower limit water level sensor 35 for detecting when the liquid level drops to a level near the submersible pump 7, and when the lower limit water level sensor 35 is turned on, the driving of the submersible pump 7 is stopped. It is a control mode. It is possible to rectify and use an AC power supply without being driven by the battery 31. In the case of equipment that is permanently installed in various facilities, this type of operation is mainly used, and even if it is a device for a disaster, once electricity is restored, long-term operation can be performed by supplying AC power from the outside. Can continue to be used over.

  The water purifier 1 further includes a stocker tank 50, and the raw water collected in the stocker tank 50 flows into the raw water tank 2 by the auxiliary pump 51. The auxiliary pump 51 is connected to a hose 53 provided with a strainer 52 at the tip, and raw water in the stocker tank 50 is sucked from the hose 53. The hose 53 can have a length of, for example, 10 to 20 m. Therefore, for example, the water of a river or a pool can be pumped and taken into the raw water tank 2. The raw water tank 2 is provided with an upper limit water level sensor 54. When the upper limit water level sensor 54 is turned on, the auxiliary pump 51 is turned off. The auxiliary pump 51 is also driven by a DC power source.

  In FIG. 2, the rough side view of the water purifier 1 is shown. That is, the water purifier 1 according to the present embodiment is mounted on a carriage 37 having casters (wheels) 36 and is entirely unitized. The filtration unit 3 is arranged horizontally and exposed at the top. This is for facilitating the operation of the on-off valve and for the convenience of inspection and replacement of the filtration unit 3.

(2). Structure Example of Filtration Unit FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of the filtration unit 3. This filtration unit 3 is basically the same as that described in Patent Document 3, and is connected to both headers 12 in a state of extending along a center line with a cylindrical main body 11, headers 12 fixed at both ends thereof. A first space 39 is formed in the space between the main body 11 and the inner pipe 38 and in close contact with the inner surface of the main body 11 and between the inner pipe 38. A second space 41 is provided between the filtration membrane (filtration layer) 40 and the main body 11 and a second filtration membrane 42 that is in close contact with the inner pipe 38 is disposed in an axially spaced state. ing.

  A plurality of spacers 43 are arranged between the second filtration membrane 42 and the inner surface of the main body 11 so as to allow passage of water. In addition, a large number of small holes are formed in a portion of the inner pipe 38 that overlaps the second filtration membrane 42. In this example, only one each of the first filtration membrane 40 and the second filtration membrane 42 is arranged, but a plurality of them may be arranged. Moreover, the filtration membranes 40 and 42 are composed of innumerable thin hollow fiber groups (capillary thread groups) extending in the axial direction.

  When the raw water enters the inside of the main body 11 from the inlet port 13, the raw water finally passes through the second filtration membrane 42 and is discharged from the inner pipe 38, but the pressure equal to the first space 39 and the second space 41. As a result, the raw water also permeates through the first filtration membrane 40. Therefore, the raw water is filtered by the filtration membranes 40 and 42 (the action of collecting foreign matter and microorganisms). The

(3). System flow Although there is a part which overlaps with the above-mentioned explanation, it is as follows when the operation system of the water purifier 1 is described collectively (refer to FIG. 1).

  The water purification apparatus 1 of this embodiment can select the case where both the two filtration units 3 are used, and the case where only one is used. When two filtration units 3 are used, the two sixth on-off valves 29 are closed, and the first to third on-off valves 9, 17, 22 are opened. The fourth on-off valve 23 and the fifth on-off valve 24 open and close as necessary. In this state, since the two filtration units 3 operate, the water purification capacity increases.

  When only one filtration unit 3 is used, the second on-off valve 17 and the third on-off valve 22 of the unused filtration unit 3 may be closed. If a plurality of filtration units 3 are provided as in this embodiment so that an operation mode can be selected, there is an advantage that the amount of purified water generated can be increased or decreased according to demand.

  Regardless of whether both filtration units 3 or one filtration unit 3 is used, if the amount of purified water produced is larger than the amount taken out (that is, when the time for closing the fourth on-off valve 23 is long). The purified water circulates to the raw water tank 2.

  The primary water outlet pipe 25a is set to have the same inner diameter as that of the third outlet pipe 20, and when the three-way valve 23 'is completely closed and the fourth on-off valve 23 is fully opened, the water purification capacity of the filtration unit 3 is made full. A large amount of purified water can be obtained. On the other hand, the secondary water intake pipe 25e has a smaller diameter than the primary water take-out pipe 25a (for example, to enable attachment of a faucet (24) that can be poured into an 18-liter plastic tank), and the third opening / closing When the valve 23 is closed and the three-way valve 23 ′ is opened, a part of the purified water goes to the auxiliary tank 21 and a part returns to the raw water tank 2 through the overflow pipe 26. The purified water can also be taken out by opening the fifth on-off valve 24.

  In this case, in a state where the fourth on-off valve 23 is closed, even if the fifth on-off valve 24 is opened, a part of the purified water returns to the raw water tank 2 and circulates to the filtration unit 3. For this reason, water passes through the filtration unit 3 repeatedly, and the degree of purification is remarkably increased. Therefore, drinking water having a high degree of purification (purity) can be easily obtained.

  In this example, the main pipeline 25c through which the purified water passes is only opened to the auxiliary tank 21. Therefore, the water from the main pipeline 25c only flows into the auxiliary tank 21 due to natural flow. Without the pipe line 25d, the overflow pipe 26 needs to be considerably thicker or formed into a bowl shape. On the other hand, when the bypass conduit 25d is provided, since pressure acts on the water in the bypass conduit 25d, there is an advantage that the water can be reliably returned even if the overflow conduit 26 has a small diameter. A check valve may be provided to prevent the water in the bypass line 25d from flowing into the auxiliary tank 21.

  It is also possible to operate with both the third on-off valve 23 and the fourth on-off valve 24 closed. In this case, since all the water repeatedly passes through the filtration unit 3, the degree of purification is further increased. To do. Instead of using the third on-off valve 23 and the three-way valve 23 'together, it is also possible to use a four-way valve.

  If the water purifier 1 is continuously used, the amount of foreign matter adhering to the filtration membranes 40 and 42 increases and the water purification efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to wash the filtration membranes 40 and 42 when they become dirty to some extent (when clogged). In that case, the raw water is fed to both filtration units 3 with the third on-off valve 22 closed and the sixth on-off valve 29 open. Then, the foreign matter accumulated in both filtration units 3 is discharged out of the system from the drain pipe 28. The drainage can flow into the side groove S, for example.

(4). Example of the structure of the assembly As shown in FIG. 1 surrounded by a one-dot chain line, in this example, a branched set in which one pipe branches into two or two pipes gather into one. There is a part 45. Although such a branch gathering part 45 can also be configured using a T-type joint, FIG. 4 shows an example in which a branch gathering part is constructed using a joint block 46. The joint block 46 is provided with a center plug 47 and a side plug 48 for closing a hole drilled. For example, by extracting the center plug 47, it is possible to flow medicines into the joint block 46. Become.

  Therefore, for example, in the cleaning process of the filtration unit 3, a chemical that renders the wastewater harmless, such as a sterilizing agent, is injected into the joint block 46 connecting the first drain pipe 27 and the second drain pipe 28. (In this case, it is necessary to point the center bragg 47 upward).

(5). Others The present invention can be embodied in various ways other than the above embodiment. For example, in the case of claim 1, the filtration unit is not limited to one using a capillary material. Further, only one filtration unit may be provided, or conversely, three or more filtration units may be provided. A plurality of raw water tanks can be provided. The use of the water purifier of the present invention is not limited to disaster use, for example, pool water purification, bath water purification, culture pond water purification, general wastewater purification, industrial water purification, food factory It can be used for various purposes such as water purification.

It is a block diagram of a water purifier in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic side view of the external appearance of a water purifier. It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of a filtration unit. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the collection branch part of a pipe | tube.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water purifier 2 Raw water tank 3 Filtration unit 5 Inlet 7 Submersible pump 8,16 Water pipe (water pipe line)
18, 19 Drain pipe (drain pipe)
21 Auxiliary tank 25 Extract pipe 31 Battery

Claims (2)

A raw water tank provided with an inlet for flowing raw water, a filtration unit for purifying the raw water by pressurizing and passing the raw water, a water supply line connecting the input port of the filtration unit and the raw water tank, and the raw water A pump provided in the water supply line for pressurizing the raw water in the tank and sending it to the filtration unit; and a water discharge line for taking out the purified water discharged from the filtration unit.
Water purification device. The filtration unit includes a filtration membrane made of a capillary material, while the pump is an electric submersible pump driven by a DC power source, and is immersed in the raw water tank connected to the starting end of a water supply pipeline. Has been
Furthermore, the cart is equipped with the raw water tank, filtration unit, submersible pump, DC power supply, water supply conduit, outlet conduit, and other members.
The water purifier according to claim 1.

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