JP2007044672A - Operation method for screw decanter type centrifugal separator and screw decanter type centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a burden applied to a bearing part at driving, particularly starting of driving and finishing of driving of a screw decanter type centrifugal separator. <P>SOLUTION: The screw decanter type centrifugal separator is provided with a rotating outer body bowl 4; an inner body screw 7 provided in the outer body bowl so as to be rotated at a required rotation difference; a feed pipe 13 inserted into the inner body screw and capable of feeding a raw liquid and washing water; a raw liquid feed line 21 connected to the feed pipe; a washing water feed line 22 connected to the feed pipe; a first opening/closing valve 23 provided on the raw liquid feed line; a second opening/closing valve 24 provided on the washing water feed line; and a control part 25 for controlling the rotation of the outer body bowl and the inner body screw and controlling opening/closing of the first opening/closing valve and the second opening/closing valve. The control part opens the first opening/closing valve and the second opening/closing valve for a required time in the outer body bowl and the inner body screw are regularly rotated at a driving/starting step reaching to a regular treatment step to feed the washing water and the raw liquid, and opens the first opening/closing valve for a required time after the required time is passed to feed the raw liquid at least once. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifuge that uses centrifugal force to separate a stock solution into a solid component and a liquid component, and more particularly to a screw decanter type centrifuge that can continuously discharge a solid component separated by a screw.

  Centrifugal separators are used to separate solids and liquids in sewage treatment and various industrial wastewater treatments. The centrifuge contains the separated solids. There is a screw decanter type centrifuge that continuously discharges by a screw conveyor.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the screw decanter type centrifuge has an outer cylinder bowl that rotates at a high speed, and a screw conveyor that rotates at a high rotational speed with a required rotational difference inside the outer cylinder, The outer cylinder and the screw conveyor are rotatably supported via bearings. The outer body bowl is housed in a casing.

  The stock solution discharged from the plant and processed by a screw decanter centrifuge is supplied to the inside of the outer cylinder through a stock solution supply pipe passing through the center of the screw, and the stock solution supplied into the outer cylinder is further separated into individual parts. And the outer cylinder is rotated at a high speed to be separated into a liquid and a solid by centrifugal force, and the separated liquid flows into the casing from a discharge port provided at one end of the outer cylinder bowl. The solid deposited on the wall surface of the body bowl is scraped by the screw conveyor, sent toward the other end surface of the outer body bowl, and discharged to the casing from the discharge hole formed in the outer body bowl.

  In the screw decanter type centrifuge described above, cleaning water is supplied into the outer cylinder in addition to the stock solution, and the solid deposited on the inner wall of the outer cylinder by periodically supplying the cleaning water. Wash to remove.

  Conventionally, as a processing step for starting the processing of the stock solution with a screw decanter type centrifuge, first the idling operation of the screw decanter type centrifuge is performed at a rating, and the support part such as a bearing or the lubricating circulation system is brought to a predetermined temperature. For example, the temperature is raised to 40 ° C.

  In a state where the screw decanter type centrifuge is driven, the inside of the outer body is filled with washing water, and then a stock solution is supplied. The temperature of the stock solution discharged from the plant is determined by the contents of the plant and is as high as, for example, 100 ° C. However, since the stock solution is first supplied into the wash water, it is diluted with the wash water and the temperature rapidly increases. It is prevented from rising.

  Since the screw decanter type centrifuge is operated in the outside air, the operating temperature is -5 ° C to 40 ° C as an operating condition. Therefore, when the screw decanter type centrifuge is operated in winter, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the outer body is as low as 5 ° C., for example, and the bearing portion that has risen to a predetermined temperature in idling operation is cooled with washing water. It will be. By cooling the bearing portion, the gap in the bearing portion is reduced, the load on the bearing portion is increased, and in some cases, the life of the bearing portion may be shortened. Further, when a high-temperature stock solution is supplied from a stock solution supply pipe passing through the center of the screw conveyor, the screw conveyor is heated by the stock solution, and the outer cylinder remains cooled with washing water. A temperature difference occurs between them, and a thrust load is generated in the bearing portion due to a difference in thermal expansion between the two. For this reason, the burden on the bearing portion is increased, and the life of the bearing portion may be shortened.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-56652

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention is intended to reduce the load on the bearing portion at the time of operation of the screw decanter type centrifuge, particularly at the start and end of the operation.

  The present invention is capable of supplying a rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and supplying undiluted solution and washing water through the inner body screw. In the operation method of the screw decanter type centrifuge equipped with the feed pipe as described above, it has a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process, and the drive start process includes washing water and stock solution. The present invention relates to an operating method of a screw decanter type centrifuge having a first preheating step to be supplied and a second preheating step having at least one step of supplying a stock solution after a lapse of a required time after the first preheating step. A body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and a feed pipe inserted into the inner body screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water are provided. Sk In the operation method of a centrifugal decanter type centrifuge, it has a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process, and the drive end process includes a washing process, the outer body bowl and the inner body screw. The cleaning step relates to a method of operating a screw decanter centrifuge in which cleaning with cleaning water is started after a lapse of a predetermined time after cleaning water and stock solution are supplied for a predetermined time. is there.

  Further, the present invention provides a rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and supplying undiluted solution and washing water inserted into the inner body screw. Feed pipe made possible, raw solution supply line connected to the feed pipe, washing water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided in the raw solution supply line, and the washing water supply A second on-off valve provided in a line, and a controller for controlling the rotation of the outer cylinder bowl and the inner cylinder screw and controlling the opening and closing of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve, The control unit opens the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve for a required time in a state where the outer body bowl and the inner body screw are normally rotated in the driving start process leading to the steady processing process. Wash water and stock solution as And a rotary decanter type centrifuge wherein the first on-off valve is opened for the required time and the stock solution is supplied at least once after the required time has passed, and the outer shell bowl rotating, and the outer shell bowl An inner cylinder screw provided to rotate at a required rotational difference therein, a feed pipe inserted into the inner cylinder screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water, and a stock solution supply connected to the feed pipe A cleaning water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided on the stock solution supply line, a second on-off valve provided on the cleaning water supply line, and the outer bowl bowl A control unit for controlling the rotation of the inner cylinder screw and controlling the opening and closing of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve, the control unit in the drive end step after the steady processing step, 1st opening The valve and the second on-off valve are opened for the required time, and the cleaning water and the stock solution are supplied. After the required time has elapsed, the second on-off valve is opened and the cleaning water is supplied for cleaning. The present invention relates to a screw decanter centrifuge.

  According to the present invention, a rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and an undiluted solution and washing water inserted into the inner body screw. An operation method of a screw decanter type centrifuge equipped with a feed pipe that can be supplied has a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process, wherein the drive start process includes washing water, a stock solution And a second preheating step comprising at least one step of supplying the stock solution after a lapse of a required time after the first preheating step, so that when the stock solution is at a high temperature, It is possible to prevent a large temperature difference between the outer shell bowl and the inner shell screw, reduce the burden on the bearing portion and the seal portion due to the difference in thermal expansion, and extend the life of the bearing portion and the seal portion.

  Further, according to the present invention, a rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and an undiluted solution and washing water inserted into the inner body screw. In the operation method of the screw decanter type centrifuge equipped with a feed pipe capable of supplying a feed pipe, the method includes a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process. The outer shell bowl and the inner drum screw have an end step of decelerating and stopping, and the cleaning step starts after the cleaning water and the stock solution are supplied for a predetermined time, and then the cleaning with the cleaning water is started. It is prevented that a large temperature difference occurs between the outer body bowl and the inner body screw at the end of driving, the burden on the bearing part and the seal part due to the difference in thermal expansion is reduced, and the bearing part and the seal part Long service life

  Further, according to the present invention, a rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided in the outer body bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and an undiluted solution and washing water inserted into the inner body screw. A feed pipe capable of supplying the raw material, a stock solution supply line connected to the feed pipe, a wash water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided in the stock solution supply line, and the wash A second opening / closing valve provided in a water supply line; and a controller for controlling the rotation of the outer body bowl and the inner body screw and controlling the opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve and the second opening / closing valve. In the driving start process leading to the steady processing process, the control unit keeps the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve in a required time in a state where the outer body bowl and the inner body screw are normally rotated. Open, wash water and raw And after the required time has elapsed, the first on-off valve is opened for the required time and the stock solution is supplied at least once, so that a large temperature is generated between the outer shell bowl and the inner shell screw at the time of starting. The difference is prevented, the burden on the bearing portion and the seal portion due to the difference in thermal expansion is reduced, and the life of the bearing portion and the seal portion can be extended.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the outer shell bowl that rotates, the inner shell screw that is provided in the outer shell bowl so as to rotate at a required rotational difference, and the undiluted solution and the washing water that are inserted into the inner shell screw. A feed pipe that can be supplied, a stock solution supply line connected to the feed pipe, a wash water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided in the stock solution supply line, A second opening / closing valve provided in the cleaning water supply line; and a control unit for controlling rotation of the outer body bowl and the inner body screw and controlling opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve and the second opening / closing valve. Then, in the driving end process after the steady processing process, the control unit opens the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve for a required time and supplies cleaning water and a stock solution. After the lapse of time, the second on-off valve is opened and washed. Since cleaning is performed by supplying water, it is possible to prevent a large temperature difference between the outer shell bowl and the inner shell screw at the end of driving, and a bearing portion and a seal portion caused by a difference in thermal expansion. This reduces the burden on the bearings and provides excellent effects such as extending the life of the bearings and seals.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3, an example of a screw decanter type centrifuge in which the present invention is implemented will be described.

  The outer body bowl 4 is rotatably supported on the frame 1 via bearing units 2 and 3, a pulley 19 is attached to one end of the outer body bowl 4, and a main body driving motor 5 is attached to the pulley 19. The outer bowl 4 is rotated at a high speed by the main body driving motor 5 through the belt 6 and the pulley 19.

  An inner cylinder screw 7 is concentrically and rotatably incorporated in the outer cylinder bowl 4, and the rotation axis of the inner cylinder screw 7 and the outer cylinder bowl 4 is connected by a planetary gear type differential transmission 8, A differential speed rotating shaft 9 of the sun gear of the differential transmission 8 is rotated by a speed reducer braking motor 11 via a belt 10, and the speed reducing shaft 9 is rotated by the speed reducing brake motor 11. Thus, a relative rotation ratio between the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 is set, and the inner body screw 7 rotates at a high speed and slowly rotates with respect to the outer body bowl 4.

  The outer body bowl 4 is covered with a casing 12 attached to the frame 1, and the casing 12 has a liquid discharge port 14 and a solid discharge port 15 at a lower portion thereof. The liquid and solid separated from the solid discharge port 15 are discharged.

  A feed pipe 13 that extends coaxially with the inner cylinder screw 7 is communicated with the inner cylinder screw 7. The feed pipe 13 has a double pipe structure of an inner pipe 13a and an outer pipe 13b, and the inner pipe 13a is connected to a plant-side stock solution supply source (not shown) via a stock solution supply line 21, The outer tube 13b is connected to a cleaning water supply source (not shown) via a cleaning water supply line 22.

  The stock solution supply line 21 is provided with a first on-off valve 23, the washing water supply line 22 is provided with a second on-off valve 24, and the first on-off valve 23 is opened from the inner pipe 13a to the above-mentioned. A slurry-like stock solution containing a solid content is supplied into the inner barrel screw 7 and cleaning water is supplied from the outer tube 13b with the second on-off valve 24 open.

  The drive timing and rotation speed of the main body driving motor 5 and the speed reducer braking motor 11 are controlled by a control unit 25, and the control unit 25 also opens and closes the first on-off valve 23 and the second on-off valve 24. Is to control.

  With reference to FIG. 2, the outline of the operation of the steady processing step of the screw decanter centrifuge will be described.

  The outer body bowl 4 is rotated at a high speed by the main body driving motor 5, and the inner body screw 7 is rotated at a high speed by the brake motor 11 for reduction gear. The differential transmission 8 provides a rotational difference between the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7, and the inner body screw 7 rotates slowly relative to the outer body bowl 4 due to the rotational difference between the two. .

  The stock solution is fed from the feed pipe 13 into the inner drum screw 7, and the stock solution moves to the outer drum bowl 4 through the inner drum screw 7. The liquid is separated and the solid settles on the inner wall of the outer shell bowl 4.

  The separated liquid flows out into the casing 12 from a discharge hole 16 provided on one end face of the outer shell bowl 4, and the solid is put on the other end face of the outer shell bowl 4 by the inner shell screw 7. It is sent to the casing 12 through a discharge hole 17 formed in the outer body bowl 4. Further, the separation liquid discharged to the casing 12 is discharged from the liquid discharge port 14, and the solid is discharged from the solid discharge port 15.

  In the screw decanter type centrifuge, the outer shell bowl 4 rotates at a high speed and the casing 12 is fixed. Therefore, the rotating shaft of the outer shell bowl 4 has a portion passing through the casing 12. A sealing device is provided.

  In particular, when the inside of the casing 12 has a positive pressure with respect to the outside air, when the stock solution contains harmful substances, or when the liquid of the stock solution is an organic solvent, the liquid (solid content) inside the casing 12 The rotating shaft penetrating portion (A portion in FIG. 2) of the casing 12 is sealed by a sealing device so that the mist including the mist does not leak to the outside. In addition, as a sealing device, a contact-type sealing device that seals in contact with the rotating shaft, a non-contact type labyrinth sealing device that seals on the peripheral surface of the shaft, and a non-contact type that seals on a disk surface orthogonal to the shaft center A gas seal device or the like is used.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, the effect | action of the drive start process of a screw decanter type centrifuge and a drive completion process is demonstrated. For example, in the case of winter operation, the washing water is 0 ° C. and the temperature of the stock solution is 100 ° C.

  The operation of the screw decanter type centrifuge is started by inputting an operation start command of the screw decanter type centrifuge to the control unit 25 from an operation unit, an operation panel (not shown) or the like.

  The main body driving motor 5 starts rotating after a predetermined time has elapsed from the time when the operation command is issued, and is increased to a steady rotational speed. Although not shown in particular, the brake motor 11 for the speed reducer is controlled by the control unit 25 so that the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 have a predetermined rotational speed difference. Therefore, when the main body driving motor 5 starts to rotate and the rotational speed is low, the speed reducer braking motor 11 is rotated in the opposite direction to that during steady rotation.

  The main body driving motor 5 is rotated for a predetermined time by steady rotation, and the rotation support portion is warmed up. After a predetermined time has elapsed, the second on-off valve 24 is opened, and cleaning water is supplied into the outer body bowl 4. When a predetermined amount of washing water has accumulated in the outer body bowl 4, that is, after the elapse of a predetermined time T1, the first on-off valve 23 is opened, and a high-temperature stock solution is supplied. The stock solution is supplied for the supply time T2. When the supply time T2 has elapsed, the first on-off valve 23 and the second on-off valve 24 are closed. Here, the predetermined time T1, the supply time T2, and the time T3 to time T9, which will be described later, are set by timers of the control unit 25, respectively. A timer may be provided in the first on-off valve 23 and the second on-off valve 24.

  With the washing water supplied for (T1 + T2) time and the undiluted solution supplied for T2 time being mixed, the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 are rotated for T3 time to perform the first preheating. The time T3 is set to such a time that the temperature of the mixture of washing water and stock solution and the temperature of the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 are substantially equal.

  The undiluted solution may be supplied at the same time as the cleaning water for T2 hours, and then only the cleaning water may be supplied for T1 hours. Further, depending on the operating environment of the screw decanter type centrifuge, the supply time of the washing water and the supply time of the stock solution may be the same. In short, the supply time of the washing water and the supply time of the stock solution are determined by the preheating temperature described later.

  For example, the temperature of the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 heated by the first preheating is set to 50 ° C. The temperature is set to 50 ° C. at a temperature that does not cause a load on the bearing portion and a temperature that does not cause a load on the seal portion due to a difference in thermal expansion between the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7. Also, the temperature is set so that the warming-up rotation support portion is not cooled.

  After the elapse of time T3, the first on-off valve 23 is opened for time T4, the stock solution is further supplied for time T4, and after supply, the time T5 elapses for the second preheating. The temperature at which the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 are heated by the second preheating is set to about 80 ° C., and the T4 time is set to be the supply amount of the stock solution so that the second preheating temperature is 80 ° C. Is done.

  After the elapse of time T5, the first on-off valve 23 is opened, and the stock solution is supplied from the stock solution supply line 21 for steady processing. The stock solution of 100 ° C. is supplied in the state where the liquid stored in the outer shell bowl 4 is 80 ° C., but the temperature difference of 20 ° C. is between the outer shell bowl 4 and the inner shell screw 7. Due to the difference in thermal expansion, there is a temperature difference that does not cause a load on the bearing portion and a temperature difference that does not cause a load on the seal portion. The temperature difference of 20 ° C. is appropriately determined according to the temperature of the stock solution, the heat capacity of the screw decanter centrifuge, and the like. Further, the first preheating temperature 50 ° C. and the second preheating temperature 80 ° C. are respectively illustrated, and are appropriately determined depending on the temperature of the stock solution, the scale of the centrifuge, and the like.

  In order to reduce the temperature difference, the stock solution may be supplied for a predetermined time to perform the third preheating.

  Note that the operation of the steady processing step is as described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  When the steady processing process is completed, the process proceeds to a driving end process. The driving end process mainly includes a cleaning process and an end process for gradually decelerating and stopping the main body driving motor 5.

  First, the cleaning process will be described.

  After completion of the steady processing step, the first on-off valve 23 is closed, and the main body driving motor 5 is slightly decelerated from the steady rotation. In response to the deceleration of the main body drive motor 5, the reduction gear braking motor 11 is also decelerated.

  After the deceleration, the first on-off valve 23 and the second on-off valve 24 are opened, and cleaning water and stock solution are simultaneously supplied for a time T6. After the time T6, the first on-off valve 23 is closed and only the washing water is supplied for the time T7. That is, the inner cylinder screw 7 is supplied with a liquid having a low temperature step by step. After the elapse of time T7, the second on-off valve 24 is closed, the supply of washing water is stopped, and the temperature is lowered for a time T8. The temperature of the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 is cooled to about 60 ° C. by the temperature lowering drive. Depending on the operating conditions, the supply time of the cleaning water and the stock solution may be the same. The cooling temperature of the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 is an example, and is appropriately determined depending on the temperature of the stock solution, the scale of the centrifuge, and the like.

  After the temperature lowering drive, the second on-off valve 24 is opened, cleaning water is supplied for T9 time, and the inner cylinder screw 7 and the outer cylinder bowl 4 are cleaned. The washing water has a low temperature of, for example, 0 ° C., but the outer body bowl 4 and the inner body screw 7 are cooled to about 60 ° C. in the temperature lowering process by the temperature lowering drive. There is no problem of placing a burden on the difference in thermal expansion between the bowl 4 and the inner cylinder screw 7.

  When the cleaning is completed, the main body driving motor 5 is gradually decelerated and stopped after the required time has elapsed. When the main body driving motor 5 is decelerated, the inner cylinder screw 7 is rotated while maintaining a required rotational difference with respect to the outer cylinder bowl 4. Accordingly, when the outer bowl 4 is decelerated, the decelerator brake motor 11 is also decelerated, and the decelerator brake motor 11 is rotated at a low speed so as to maintain a predetermined rotational difference. The brake motor 11 is rotated in the reverse direction.

  Even if the rotational speed of the inner trunk screw 7 and the outer trunk bowl 4 is reduced by maintaining the rotational difference between the inner trunk screw 7 and the outer trunk bowl 4, the liquid inside the outer trunk bowl 4 is reduced. Is prevented from flowing back.

It is the perspective view which fractured | ruptured a part which shows the screw decanter type | mold centrifuge with which this invention is implemented. It is a schematic sectional drawing of this screw decanter type centrifuge. FIG. 3 is a control system diagram of the screw decanter centrifuge. It is a timing chart in an embodiment of the invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 4 Outer body bowl 5 Main body drive motor 7 Inner body screw 8 Differential transmission 11 Reducer brake motor 12 Casing 13 Feed pipe 14 Liquid discharge port 15 Solid discharge port 21 Stock solution supply line 22 Washing water supply line 23 1 on-off valve 24 second on-off valve 25 control unit

Claims (4)

  A rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided to rotate in the outer body bowl at a required rotational difference, and a feed pipe inserted into the inner body screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water In the operating method of the screw decanter type centrifuge having the above-mentioned, there is provided a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process, wherein the drive start process is a first for supplying washing water and stock solution. A method for operating a screw decanter type centrifuge, comprising a preheating step and a second preheating step comprising at least one step of supplying a stock solution after a lapse of a required time after the first preheating step.   A rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided to rotate in the outer body bowl at a required rotational difference, and a feed pipe inserted into the inner body screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water In the operation method of the screw decanter type centrifuge having the above, there are a drive start process, a steady process process, and a drive end process, and the drive end process includes a washing process, the outer shell bowl, A screw decanter type centrifuge characterized in that it has an end step of decelerating and stopping the inner drum screw, and the cleaning step starts cleaning with cleaning water after a predetermined time has elapsed after supplying cleaning water and stock solution for a predetermined time. How to operate the separator.   A rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided to rotate in the outer body bowl at a required rotational difference, and a feed pipe inserted into the inner body screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water A stock solution supply line connected to the feed pipe, a wash water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided in the stock solution supply line, and a wash water supply line. A second on-off valve; and a control unit that controls the rotation of the outer cylinder bowl and the inner cylinder screw and that controls the opening and closing of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve. In the driving start process leading to the process, the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve are opened for a required time in a state in which the outer body bowl and the inner body screw are normally rotated, Supply undiluted solution Time duration of the first on-off valve after, screw decanter centrifuge, characterized in that the manner to supply at least once a stock is opened.   A rotating outer body bowl, an inner body screw provided to rotate in the outer body bowl at a required rotational difference, and a feed pipe inserted into the inner body screw and capable of supplying stock solution and washing water A stock solution supply line connected to the feed pipe, a wash water supply line connected to the feed pipe, a first on-off valve provided in the stock solution supply line, and a wash water supply line. A second on-off valve; and a control unit that controls the rotation of the outer cylinder bowl and the inner cylinder screw and that controls the opening and closing of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve. In the driving end process after the process, the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve are opened for a required time, and cleaning water and stock solution are supplied. Cleaning is performed by supplying cleaning water. Screw decanter centrifuge, characterized in that it was like.

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