JP2007040781A - Blow inspection device and blow inspection method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inspect a blow with stable detection precision, regardless of the size of an inspection target in a blow inspection device for detecting the state of the inspection target, by applying blows to the inspection target to detect the vibrating sound of the inspection target caused by this blow, and a blow inspection method. <P>SOLUTION: The blow inspection device 10 is equipped with a blowing means 21 for applying blows to the inspection target, a blowing power detecting means 22 for detecting the blowing power of the blowing means 21, a vibration detecting means 23 for receiving the vibration caused from the inspection target by the blow, to detect the attenuation waveform of the vibration and an operational processing means 24 for discriminating the state of the inspection target from the attenuated waveform. These means are integrally formed and the operational processing means 24 is provided with a frequency-analyzing function for receiving the attenuated waveform sent from the vibration detecting means 23 to analyze the frequency-receiving level, a function for displaying and outputting the analyzed frequency-receiving level, a function for receiving the signal sent from the blowing power detecting means 22 to analyze the blowing power and a function for deciding the quality of inspection. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a batting inspection apparatus and a batting inspection method for detecting a state of an inspected product by hitting the inspected product and detecting a vibration sound of the inspected product generated thereby.

As one of the nondestructive inspections, there is a so-called hitting vibration analysis method in which a crack is detected on an inspected product by hitting the inspected product and detecting its vibration sound.
This method is advantageous in terms of environmental hygiene and equipment costs compared to the method using X-ray diffraction, but the vibration sound is detected by human hearing and cannot be quantitatively detected. There was a problem that it was difficult to obtain accuracy.

  Therefore, in recent years, as a batting inspection device, provided with a striking means for striking the inspected product and a detecting means for detecting vibration sound, the vibration sound generated from the inspected product hit by the striking means is detected by the detecting means, A technique for predicting the occurrence of cracks from the detected resonance frequency and damping coefficient of the impact vibration has been implemented. In addition, a technique for discriminating cracks based on the natural frequency obtained from the damping waveform of the impact vibration is also known.

For example, in Patent Document 1, a hitting means for an article to be inspected, a vibration detecting means for detecting vibration generated from the article to be inspected by hitting, and a damping waveform sent from the vibration detecting means receive 1 to 3 at a predetermined time. Frequency analysis means for detecting the level of the next natural frequency, delay means for supporting the time for detecting the 1st to 3rd natural frequencies to the frequency analysis means, and 1st to 3rd natural frequencies sent from the frequency analysis means A hit inspection device comprising a determination means for comparing a frequency level with a reference value is disclosed. In analyzing the impact vibration, this impact inspection apparatus determines the level of the 1st to 3rd natural frequencies, and makes the analysis time of the natural frequency different according to the 1st to 3rd natural frequencies by the delay means. This enables analysis at a highly accurate time.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-61658

In the conventional hit inspection device, the hitting means and the vibration detecting means are generally configured separately and arranged at positions separated from each other. Therefore, depending on the relative positional relationship between the striking means and the vibration detecting means, there is a problem that an error occurs in the detected value and the detection accuracy becomes unstable.
In particular, when a large component is an article to be inspected, it is necessary to arrange the vibration detecting means at a position as close as possible to the portion hit by the hitting means. If the vibration detection means is at a position away from the striking means, the signal of the propagation process is superimposed on the detected waveform, the S / N ratio (ratio of signal power to noise power) is lowered, and detection accuracy is lowered. Because it does.

  Therefore, the present invention proposes a batting inspection apparatus capable of performing inspection with stable detection accuracy regardless of the size of the inspected product.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, according to claim 1, there is provided a batting inspection apparatus for inspecting the state of the inspected product by hitting the inspected product and detecting the vibration of the inspected product caused thereby. In response to a striking means for striking, a vibration detecting means for acquiring a vibration generated from the inspected product by the striking and detecting a damping waveform of the vibration, and receiving a damping waveform of the vibration detected by the vibration detecting means And an arithmetic processing means for analyzing the reception level of the frequency and determining the state of the inspected product based on the analysis result, and the striking means, the vibration detecting means, and the arithmetic processing means are integrally configured. .

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the vibration detecting means obtains a striking sound generated by striking the product to be inspected as a vibration generated from the product to be inspected.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the impact inspection apparatus includes a display output unit that displays and outputs a reception level of the analyzed frequency.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the calculation processing means of the batting inspection apparatus has a function of comparing the received level of the analyzed frequency with a preset reference value to determine whether the inspection is good or bad.

  According to claim 5, the hitting means of the hitting inspection apparatus comprises a hitting part that hits an object to be inspected and a support that supports the hitting part, and the vibration detecting means is arranged in the vicinity of the hitting part. To do.

  The gripping means for gripping the hitting means of the hitting inspection apparatus according to claim 6 when the head is provided with the hitting portion and the head is connected to one end side and the hitting means is operated on the other end side. And a support rod that functions as the support, the arithmetic processing means is provided on the support rod, and the vibration detection means is provided in the vicinity of the hitting portion.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the hit inspection device includes a hitting force detecting means for detecting the hitting force of the hitting means in the hitting unit, and receives a signal sent from the hitting force detecting means to the arithmetic processing means. It has a function to analyze the impact force.

  In claim 8, the impacting means for the product to be inspected, the vibration detecting means for acquiring the vibration generated from the inspected product by impact and detecting the attenuation waveform of the vibration, and the vibration detected by the vibration detecting means The received signal of the frequency is analyzed, the received signal level is analyzed, and the processing unit for determining the state of the inspected product based on the analysis result is hit with the inspected product by an integrally configured impact inspection device. And an impact inspection method for inspecting any one state or a combination of a plurality of states among cracks, poor welding, poor connection, and poor shape of the inspected product.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the impact inspection apparatus includes a display output unit that displays and outputs a reception level of the analyzed frequency, and receives a frequency of vibration generated by an impact applied to the inspected product on the display output unit. The arithmetic processing means has a function for displaying and outputting the level.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the impact inspection apparatus includes impact force detection means for detecting an impact force of the impact means, and receives an impact force applied to the inspected product in response to a signal sent from the impact force detection means. The function for analyzing is provided in the arithmetic processing means.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  In claim 1, the inspected product is configured by integrally forming the impacting means for impacting the product to be inspected and the vibration detecting means for detecting the vibration generated by the impact in the impact inspection device. The relative distance between the hitting means and the vibration detecting means can always be kept substantially constant regardless of the size and other shapes. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the signal of the propagation process from being superimposed on the detected waveform, and to perform inspection with stable detection accuracy regardless of the size of the inspected product.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the striking inspection apparatus can have a simple structure by acquiring the vibration as sound.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to determine the state of the product to be inspected, such as cracks, poor welding, poor connection, and poor shape, based on the frequency of vibration generated by the impact.

  According to the fourth aspect, the quality of the product under test can be automatically determined.

  In claim 5, the relative distance between the striking means and the vibration detecting means is always substantially constant, and the striking means and the vibration detecting means are close to each other so that the superimposed signal of the propagation process does not appear in the detected waveform. Can be arranged.

  In claim 6, since the hit inspection device is configured as a so-called hammer type, it is easy to adjust the hitting force applied to the inspected product by the hitting inspection device and to give an appropriate hitting force. Can do. In addition, the inspection can be performed in the inspection process when performing the sensory evaluation by hitting the conventional product to be inspected, and the work process hardly changes, and the deterioration of workability can be suppressed.

  In claim 7, since the striking force can be measured for each inspection, the striking force can be maintained substantially constant through a plurality of inspections, or can be controlled so as to be substantially integrated, or the measurement result can be determined according to the striking force. Correction can be added.

  In claim 8, since the hitting means for hitting the product to be inspected and the vibration detecting means for detecting the vibration generated by the hitting of the hitting inspection apparatus are constructed separately rather than separately, The relative distance between the hitting means and the vibration detecting means can always be kept substantially constant regardless of the size of the product and other shapes. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the signal of the propagation process from being superimposed on the detected waveform, and to perform inspection with stable detection accuracy regardless of the size of the inspected product.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to determine the state of the inspected product such as cracks, poor welding, poor connection, and poor shape based on the frequency of vibration generated by the impact.

  In claim 10, by measuring the striking force for each inspection, the striking force is controlled to be kept substantially constant through a plurality of inspections, or to be held substantially integrally, or the striking force is added to the measurement result. You can add corrections according to your needs.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a batting inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the batting inspection apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a state of batting inspection using the batting inspection apparatus. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an inspected product in the batting inspection, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a measurement result in the batting inspection.

  The impact inspection apparatus 10 according to the present invention strikes an inspected product, and detects vibration sound to detect any one of cracked state, weld failure, poor connection, and poor shape of the inspected product. It is a device that can inspect the state combination. In addition to this, it is possible to inspect for looseness of the bolts to be inspected and the presence or absence of lubricating oil.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the impact inspection apparatus 10 mainly includes a head 11 having a striking portion that abuts against an object to be inspected and strikes, and one side end portion connected to the head 11 and the head A support rod 12 that functions as a support for supporting the portion 11 and that has a handle 13 that is gripped during operation at the other end is formed integrally with a hammer type.

  The batting inspection apparatus 10 is a portable apparatus that inspects an inspection object by an inspection operator holding the handle 13 and hitting the inspection object with the head 11. In addition, it can also comprise so that a to-be-inspected object may be hit | damaged with the impact inspection apparatus 10 with a working robot instead of an operator, and a substantially constant impact force may always be given.

  Since the impact inspection device 10 is portable, there is an advantage that the position can be easily inspected appropriately according to the product to be inspected. And since the said impact | inspection apparatus 10 is a hammer type, adjustment of the impact force applied with respect to a to-be-inspected goods is easy, and can provide appropriate impact force. In addition, the inspection can be performed in the inspection process when performing the sensory evaluation by hitting the conventional product to be inspected, and the work process hardly changes, and the deterioration of workability can be suppressed.

  However, the shape of the impact inspection apparatus 10 is not limited to the hammer type, and any means may be used as long as means for realizing the function as the impact inspection apparatus 10 are integrally configured. For example, the hitting inspection apparatus 10 may be a cylinder type, a cube type, a cone type, or a pyramid type.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the impact inspection apparatus 10 includes impact means 21 that strikes an inspected product, and vibration detection that detects vibration generated from the inspected product due to the impact of the impact means 21. A means 23, a striking force detecting means 22 for detecting the striking force of the striking means 21, and a computing means (determination means) of the striking inspection apparatus 10 and a calculation processing means 24 functioning as a control means are provided.
Here, the striking force is a load per unit time unit area applied to the inspected product by the striking means 21.

  The striking means 21 includes the head 11 having a striking portion and the support rod 12 serving as a support for the striking portion. The striking portion of the striking means 21 is attached to the cylinder 16 housed in the head 11, the piston 18 slidably inserted in the cylinder 16, and the piston 18 projecting from the cylinder 16. It is comprised with the elastic body 17 which energizes.

  The head 11 including the striking portion of the striking means 21 is provided with a detecting body that detects a change in the relative position between the piston 18 and the cylinder 16 as the striking force detection means 22. The striking force detection means 22 detects the moving distance of the piston 18 relative to the cylinder 16 when hitting the inspected product, and the striking force analyzing unit 29 described later calculates the striking force based on this moving distance and speed.

However, the structure of the striking means 21 and the striking force detection means 22 is not limited to the above.
For example, the striking portion of the striking means 21 may be a hydraulic cylinder using air or liquid, and the striking force detecting means 22 may be provided with a means for detecting a change in the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder.

Further, the vibration detecting means 23 is provided at the tip of the arm 15 extending from the support rod 12 in the direction toward the striking means 21. In this example, the arm 15 is arranged in a direction parallel to the head 11. By providing the arm 15 with the vibration detection means 23, the vibration detection means 23 is disposed in the vicinity of the hitting means 21 provided on the head 11 of the hit inspection device 10.
Here, the vicinity of the striking means 21 means that the distance between the vibration detecting means 23 and the striking means 21 is such that the signal is superimposed on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration detecting means 23 in the propagation process, and the S / N ratio. It means that the distance is such that no decrease occurs.

In the present embodiment, the vibration detection means 23 is a so-called “microphone”, and obtains a striking sound (vibration sound) generated from the inspected product hit by the striking means 21 as vibration, and the vibration An attenuation waveform is detected. By adopting a configuration that acquires vibration as sound, a microphone that is a general-purpose product can be employed as the vibration detection means 23, and the batting inspection device 10 can have a simple structure.
However, the vibration detecting means 23 only needs to be configured to be able to detect vibration generated from the inspected product hit by the impacting means 21, and the vibration detecting means 23 is brought into contact with the inspected product so as to be inspected. It is also possible to directly measure the vibration of the product.

  Since the vibration detecting means 23 and the striking means 21 are both integrally provided in the striking inspection apparatus 10 and are not separate bodies, the relative distance between the striking means 21 and the vibration detecting means 23 is always kept substantially constant. Is done. Therefore, at the time of the test, the hitting position of the inspected product by the hitting means 21 and the detection position by the vibration detecting means 23 of the hitting sound generated by the hitting are not affected by the size or other shape of the inspected product. It will be held substantially constant. Further, since the vibration detecting means 23 is disposed near the striking means 21, it is possible to suppress a signal from being superimposed on the detected vibration waveform in the propagation process, and to suppress a decrease in the S / N ratio, thereby stabilizing the vibration. The inspection can be performed with the detected accuracy.

  The arithmetic processing means 24 is built in a control box 14 provided on the support rod 12 of the impact inspection apparatus 10. The control box 14 is provided with a display output unit 26a for displaying measurement results and the like. The control box 14 is also provided with input means for the arithmetic processing means 24 and the like.

By arranging the vibration detecting means 23 between the control box 14 and the head 11 of the hit inspection device 10, the distance between the hitting means 21 and the vibration detecting means 23 is further shortened, and these distances are set. The superposition of signals in the propagation process of the vibration waveform detected by the vibration detection means 23 is prevented.
The vibration detecting means 23 can also be provided directly on the head 11.

  The arithmetic processing unit 24 receives the attenuation waveform sent from the vibration detection unit 23 and receives a frequency analysis unit 25 that functions as a frequency analysis unit that analyzes the reception level of the frequency, and information sent from the frequency analysis unit 25. A display unit 26 that functions as a display unit that performs display output; a determination unit 27 that functions as a determination unit that compares the measurement result sent from the frequency analysis unit 25 with a reference value set in advance to determine the quality of the inspection; A striking force analysis unit 29 that functions as striking force analysis means that receives the signal sent from the striking force detection means 22 and analyzes the striking force is provided.

The frequency analysis unit 25 receives an attenuation waveform such as a sound wave or a vibration wave detected and transmitted by the vibration detection unit 23 and analyzes a reception level for each frequency.
And the said display part 26 receives the signal sent from the said frequency analysis part 25, and outputs the received level for every frequency analyzed in this frequency analysis part 25 to the display output part 26a as a measurement result. is there. The measurement result output to the display output unit 26a can be, for example, a chart showing the frequency on the horizontal axis and the reception level on the vertical axis.

  As described above, the display output unit 26a is provided in the control box 14, and the operator confirms the measurement result displayed on the display output unit 26a, and the object such as cracks, poor welding, poor connection, poor shape, etc. The state of the inspected product can be determined, and the quality of the inspected product can be determined based on this.

  Further, the determination unit 27 determines the quality of the inspection by comparing the reception level of the frequency sent from the frequency analysis unit 25 with a preset reference value. As described above, the operator can determine the quality of the inspected product by visually checking the measurement result displayed on the display output unit 26a. However, by operating the determination unit 27, the quality of the inspected product can be determined. Judgment can be made automatically.

  When the determination unit 27 is caused to function, the determination unit 27 receives the reception level for each frequency obtained as a result of the measurement sent from the frequency analysis unit 25 and receives the reception level (reference value) for each pre-registered good product frequency. Can be determined whether the inspection is good or bad. In this case, the display unit 26 can receive the signal sent from the determination unit 27 and display the quality of the device under test on the display output unit 26a together with the reception level for each frequency obtained as a result of the measurement.

  The striking force analysis unit 29 receives a signal detected and sent by the striking force detection means 22 and analyzes it as a striking force. The display unit 26 can receive the signal sent from the striking force analysis unit 29 and display the striking force by the striking means 21 on the display output unit 26a.

  By measuring the striking force by the striking means 21 for each individual measurement, the operator can determine the magnitude of striking applied to the inspected product (the load applied to the inspected product and the load so that there is no difference in the striking force in each inspection. Speed) can be adjusted. In addition, when performing impact inspection with a robot, in addition to adjusting the impact size applied to the inspected product, the measurement result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit 25 is corrected according to the measured impact force. You can also do it.

  Next, an example of a batting inspection using the batting inspection device 10 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the product to be inspected is hit by the hit inspection device 10. At this time, the striking portion of the striking means 21 comes into contact with the product to be inspected, and the striking sound generated by this striking is detected by the vibration detecting means 23.
As shown in FIG. 4, the product to be inspected according to the present embodiment is a suspension member formed by welding two molded plate materials, and the inspection site is a welded portion thereof.

As shown in the measurement results of FIG. 5, in each of the above-mentioned inspected parts, when a bead missing defect occurs, when a bead length defect occurs, and when a weld bead is formed satisfactorily, The frequency corresponding to the reception level peak and the number of reception level peaks are different.
When the weld bead is formed satisfactorily, the peak of the reception level is singular and the peak is clear. When a bead omission failure occurs, reception level peaks occur at a plurality of frequencies. When a bead length defect occurs, the peak of the reception level is singular, but the frequency variation is large and the peak is not clear.

  As described above, in the hit inspection, the inspected product is based on the frequency value corresponding to the peak of the reception level, the number of reception level peaks, the standard deviation of the reception level, etc. of the frequency obtained as a result of the measurement. It is possible to determine the quality of the product to be inspected.

  In the impact inspection, a considerable number of tests are performed to obtain the frequency peak shape tendency of non-defective products and the frequency peak shape tendency for each cause of failure of defective products. It is possible to specify not only the quality of the inspection product but also the cause of defects such as cracks, poor welding, poor connection, and poor shape.

  Further, when the determination unit 27 is made to function to determine the quality of the inspected product, the good / bad frequency peak shape obtained by a considerable number of test results as described above is input in advance as a reference value, The quality can be determined by comparing the reference value and the result of measurement in the batting inspection.

The figure which shows the whole structure of the impact inspection apparatus which concerns on one Example of this invention. The block diagram which shows the control structure of a batting inspection apparatus. The figure which shows the mode of the impact test | inspection using an impact inspection apparatus. The figure which shows an example of the to-be-inspected goods of a hit | damage inspection. The figure which shows an example of the measurement result in a hit | damage test | inspection.

Explanation of symbols

10 impact inspection device 11 head (striking part)
12 Support rod (support)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Handle part 14 Control box 21 Impact means 22 Impact force detection means 23 Vibration detection means 24 Arithmetic processing means 25 Frequency analysis part 26 Display part 26a Display output part 27 Determination part 29 Impact force analysis part

Claims (10)

A batting inspection device for inspecting the state of the inspected product by applying a blow to the inspected product and detecting the vibration of the inspected product caused thereby,
Striking means for striking the inspected product;
Vibration detecting means for acquiring vibration generated from the inspected product by hitting and detecting a damping waveform of the vibration;
Receiving a vibration attenuation waveform detected by the vibration detection means, analyzing the reception level of the frequency, and comprising an arithmetic processing means for determining the state of the inspected product based on the analysis result,
A batting inspection apparatus, wherein the batting means, vibration detection means, and arithmetic processing means are integrally formed. In the vibration detection means, the impact sound generated by hitting the inspected product is acquired as vibration generated from the inspected product.
The impact inspection apparatus according to claim 1. The batting inspection apparatus includes a display output unit that displays and outputs a reception level of the analyzed frequency.
The impact inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The arithmetic processing means of the batting inspection device has a function of comparing the reception level of the analyzed frequency with a reference value set in advance to determine whether the inspection is good or bad.
The hit | inspection apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3. The striking means of the striking inspection device comprises a striking portion that strikes in contact with the inspected product and a support that supports the striking portion,
Arranging the vibration detecting means in the vicinity of the striking portion,
The hit | inspection inspection apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4. The batting means of the batting inspection device,
A head provided with the striking portion;
The handle is connected to one end of the head and the other end is gripped when operating the striking means, and comprises a support bar that functions as the support.
The arithmetic processing means is provided on the support rod,
Providing the vibration detecting means in the vicinity of the hitting portion;
The impact inspection apparatus according to claim 5. The hit inspection device includes a hitting force detection means for detecting the hitting force of the hitting means in the hitting unit, and a function of receiving the signal sent from the hitting force detection means to the arithmetic processing means and analyzing the hitting force. Comprising
The impact inspection apparatus according to claim 5 or 6. In response to the hitting means for the inspected product, the vibration detecting means for acquiring the vibration generated from the inspected product by hitting and detecting the attenuation waveform of the vibration, and the vibration attenuation waveform detected by the vibration detecting means Analyzing the reception level of the frequency, and the operation processing means for discriminating the state of the inspected product based on the result of the analysis, with the integrally configured impact inspection device, hitting the inspected product,
A hit inspection method characterized by inspecting any one state or a combination of a plurality of states among cracks, welding defects, connection defects, and shape defects of the inspected product. The impact inspection apparatus includes a display output unit that displays and outputs the reception level of the analyzed frequency, and causes the display output unit to display and output the reception level of the frequency of vibration generated by the impact applied to the inspected product. Provided in the arithmetic processing means,
The impact inspection method according to claim 8. The hit inspection device includes a hit force detection means for detecting the hit force of the hit means, and receives the signal sent from the hit force detection means and analyzes the hit force applied to the product to be inspected. Prepare for processing means,
The impact inspection method according to claim 8 or 9.