JP2007031637A - Ice accretion-preventing agent - Google Patents
Ice accretion-preventing agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007031637A JP2007031637A JP2005220227A JP2005220227A JP2007031637A JP 2007031637 A JP2007031637 A JP 2007031637A JP 2005220227 A JP2005220227 A JP 2005220227A JP 2005220227 A JP2005220227 A JP 2005220227A JP 2007031637 A JP2007031637 A JP 2007031637A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- icing
- mass
- agent
- icing agent
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015870 tripotassium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 32
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 11
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015861 monopotassium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002444 monopotassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WKZJASQVARUVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;hydron;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC([O-])=O WKZJASQVARUVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021319 Palmitoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220259 Raphanus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005733 Raphanus sativus var niger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001970 Raphanus sativus var. sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000021 acetate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940064004 antiseptic throat preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004256 calcium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940001468 citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N deuterium hydrogen oxide Chemical compound [2H]O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000214 effect on organisms Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004337 magnesium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005336 magnesium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002538 magnesium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004109 potassium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019263 trisodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、自動車、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどの金属表面などに氷が付着するのを効果的に防止、または付着した氷を融解する着氷防止剤に関し、詳しくは優れた着氷防止効果、融氷効果を有し、金属に対する耐腐食性に優れ、低臭気で周辺の生物に対し影響を及ぼさず、対象物の側面に塗布しても優れた持続性を有する環境対応型着氷防止剤に関する。 The present invention relates to an anti-icing agent for effectively preventing or preventing melting of ice on metal surfaces such as heat exchangers and fans in automobiles, ships, refrigerators and freezers, and is particularly excellent. An environment that has excellent anti-icing and melting properties, excellent corrosion resistance to metals, low odor, does not affect surrounding organisms, and has excellent durability even when applied to the side of an object. Related to anti-icing agent.
従来、凍結防止、着氷防止、融氷、防霜および融雪のために、様々な化合物、例えば塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム等の塩素系無機塩、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールなどのアルコール類、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウムなどの酢酸塩などが使用されている。
上述の塩素系無機塩およびアルコール類は、優れた着氷防止、融氷効果を有するものの、自動車、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属部分に塗布または散布した場合、金属が腐食するという問題がある。
金属に対する腐食性を改善した凍結防止剤として、カルボン酸塩として酢酸塩等と水溶性アルコールとを主成分とする凍結防止剤が開示されている。（特許文献１参照）
しかし、酢酸塩を含有する凍結防止剤は、金属を腐食しないが、酢酸塩由来の臭気のために、人間の生活環境に近い場所である自動車、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどへは、散布または塗布し難いという問題がある。
また、この酢酸塩および上記の塩素系無機塩は、動植物に対する影響について全く考慮されておらず、散布後に周辺の植物が枯れたり、動植物の発育に悪影響を及ぼしたりする場合がある。
したがって、これらの化合物またはこれらの化合物を含有する凍結防止剤、着氷防止剤、融氷剤、融雪剤は、人間の生活環境から離れている場所や、生物に対する影響を考慮する必要性の低い道路、グランドなどに散布する場合には適しているが、自動車、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどの金属表面に散布または塗布する場合には、金属腐食性、生物への悪影響などの点から不適切である。
さらに、上述の化合物およびこれらを含有する組成物のみでは、斜面や側面に対して散布または塗布した際、組成物が流れ落ちてしまい、持続性が無い。また、特に金属表面などに塗布または散布する場合は、濡れ性が悪く、塗布または散布した表面に着氷防止剤が均一に広がらないという問題もある。
特に、自動車のボディーなどの側面、船舶の側面、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの側面へ塗布した際は、上述の化合物のみを含有する組成物では、流れ落ちて効果がすぐに失われてしまうか、流れ落ちずに残っていても均一に広がった状態で着氷防止効果を持続することが困難であるという問題もある。
さらに、特許文献１記載の融雪、氷解、凍結防止用組成物は、凝固点が−１０．７℃〜−１７．６℃であり、より低温の凝固点が求められる分野には使用できない。
Conventionally, various compounds, such as chlorine-based inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, for anti-freezing, anti-icing, ice melting, anti-frost and snow melting, Acetates such as potassium acetate, calcium acetate, and magnesium acetate are used.
The above-mentioned chlorinated inorganic salts and alcohols have excellent anti-icing and ice-melting effects, but when applied or sprayed on metal parts such as heat exchangers and fans in automobiles, ships, refrigerators and freezers, Has the problem of corrosion.
As an antifreezing agent having improved corrosion resistance to metals, an antifreezing agent having acetate as a carboxylate and water-soluble alcohol as main components is disclosed. (See Patent Document 1)
However, anti-freezing agents containing acetate do not corrode metals, but because of the odor derived from acetate, heat exchangers and fans in automobiles, ships, refrigerators and freezers that are close to the human living environment. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to spread or apply.
In addition, the acetate salt and the above-mentioned chlorinated inorganic salt are not considered at all for the effects on animals and plants, and there are cases where the surrounding plants wither after spraying or adversely affect the growth of animals and plants.
Therefore, these compounds or anti-freezing agents, anti-icing agents, ice-melting agents, and snow-melting agents containing these compounds have a low need to consider the place away from the human living environment and the effects on living organisms. Suitable for spraying on roads, grounds, etc., but when spraying or coating on metal surfaces such as heat exchangers and fans in automobiles, ships, refrigerators and freezers, metal corrosiveness, adverse effects on organisms, etc. It is inappropriate from the point of view.
Furthermore, with only the above-mentioned compounds and compositions containing them, the composition flows down when sprayed or applied to slopes and side surfaces, and there is no sustainability. In particular, when applied or spread on a metal surface or the like, there is a problem that the wettability is poor and the anti-icing agent does not spread uniformly on the coated or spread surface.
In particular, when applied to side surfaces of automobile bodies, side surfaces of ships, side surfaces of heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, etc., the composition containing only the above-mentioned compounds will flow down and immediately lose its effect. There is also a problem that it is difficult to maintain the effect of preventing icing in a state where it has spread evenly even if it remains without flowing down.
Furthermore, the composition for snow melting, ice melting, and antifreezing described in Patent Document 1 has a freezing point of -10.7 ° C to -17.6 ° C, and cannot be used in fields where a lower temperature freezing point is required.
また、カルボキシレート、カルボキシル基およびヒドロキシル基から選択される官能基を有する化合物を含むハーブ抽出液（ハーブエキス）と、主剤として無機塩から構成された薬剤とを含む凍結防止剤が提案されている。（特許文献２参照）
そして、この凍結防止剤においては、界面活性剤や金属腐食防止剤、アルコール類およびエーテル類から選択される溶剤を併用することが開示されている。
しかし、この特許文献２記載の凍結防止剤は、道路表面（路面）等に対する凍結防止効果を対象としたものであって、自動車のボディーなどの側面、船舶の側面、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの側面への塗布性などは考慮されていない。また、凍結試験においては、−２０℃では凍結するとされており、より低温での着氷防止剤には適用できない。
In addition, an antifreezing agent is proposed that includes a herb extract (herb extract) containing a compound having a functional group selected from carboxylate, carboxyl group and hydroxyl group, and a drug composed of an inorganic salt as a main ingredient. . (See Patent Document 2)
In this antifreeze agent, it is disclosed that a solvent, a metal corrosion inhibitor, a solvent selected from alcohols and ethers is used in combination.
However, the anti-freezing agent described in Patent Document 2 is intended for anti-freezing effects on the road surface (road surface) and the like, and is used for heat exchange in side surfaces of automobile bodies, side surfaces of ships, refrigerators and freezers. The applicability to the side surfaces of containers and fans is not considered. Moreover, in the freezing test, it is said that it will freeze at -20 degreeC, and cannot apply to the anti-icing agent at lower temperature.
一方、良好な防錆効果を有する凍結防止剤として、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、または塩化カルシウムとクエン酸塩とを所定の割合で混合したものが提案されている。そして、クエン酸塩として、クエン酸三ナトリウム、クエン酸マグネシウム、またはクエン酸カルシウムが開示されている。（特許文献３参照）
しかし、これらのクエン酸塩では、カリウム塩以外の金属塩では、環境に対して悪影響を及ぼす懸念がある。
また、特許文献３に開示された凍結防止剤では、路面の凍結防止を目的とするものであって、道路や建物の腐食の軽減を課題としており、上述の塗布性、持続性、低温性、植生への影響の問題は提示されていない。
On the other hand, as an antifreezing agent having a good antirust effect, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, or a mixture of calcium chloride and citrate at a predetermined ratio has been proposed. And as a citrate, trisodium citrate, magnesium citrate, or calcium citrate is disclosed. (See Patent Document 3)
However, in these citrates, there is a concern that metal salts other than potassium salts may adversely affect the environment.
In addition, the antifreezing agent disclosed in Patent Document 3 is intended to prevent the road surface from freezing, and is intended to reduce the corrosion of roads and buildings. The above-described applicability, sustainability, low temperature, The issue of vegetation impact is not presented.
以上の如く、斜面や側面に対して散布または塗布した際に持続性を有し、特に金属表面などに塗布または散布する場合は、濡れ性が良く、均一に広がる着氷防止剤は未だ提案されていない。
特に、自動車のボディーなどの側面、船舶の側面、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの側面へ塗布した際に、上述の化合物のみを含有する組成物では、流れ落ちて効果がすぐに失われてしまうか、流れ落ちずに残っていても均一に広がった状態で着氷防止効果を持続することが困難であるという問題が解決できる、持続性を有する着氷防止剤は未だ提案されていない。
As described above, anti-icing agents that have persistence when sprayed or applied to slopes and sides, especially when applied to or spread on metal surfaces, have good wettability and spread evenly. Not.
In particular, the composition containing only the above-mentioned compounds when applied to the side of an automobile body, the side of a ship, the side of a heat exchanger or fan in a refrigerator or freezer, etc., flows down and loses its effect immediately. There is no proposal for a long-lasting anti-icing agent that can solve the problem that it is difficult to maintain the anti-icing effect in a state where it has spread or evenly spread even if it remains without flowing down. .
本発明は、自動車、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどの金属表面に氷が付着するのを効果的に防止または、付着した氷を効果的に融解し、金属を腐食せず、低臭気性でかつ、周辺の生物に対しても悪影響を及ぼさず、さらに斜面や側面部分に散布または塗布しても優れた持続性を有する環境対応型着氷防止剤を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention effectively prevents the ice from adhering to the metal surface such as heat exchangers and fans in automobiles, ships, refrigerators and freezers, or effectively melts the adhering ice without corroding the metal, An object is to provide an environmentally friendly anti-icing agent that has low odor, does not adversely affect surrounding organisms, and has excellent durability even when sprayed or applied to slopes or side surfaces. To do.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行った結果、（ａ）クエン酸三カリウム、（ｂ）多価アルコール、（ｃ）アルコールの価数が3価以上の多価アルコールと炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸とのエステルである親水性のエステル型界面活性剤、および（ｄ）水を特定の比率で組み合わせることにより、目的とする着氷防止剤が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that (a) tripotassium citrate, (b) a polyhydric alcohol, (c) a polyhydric alcohol having a valence of trihydric or higher, and It has been found that a desired anti-icing agent can be obtained by combining a hydrophilic ester-type surfactant that is an ester with a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms and (d) water in a specific ratio. The invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明は、
（１）（ａ）クエン酸三カリウム２０〜７５質量％及び（ｂ）多価アルコール８０〜２５質量％からなる主剤１００質量部に対して、（ｃ）アルコールの価数が３価以上の多価アルコールと炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸とのエステルである親水性のエステル型界面活性剤を０．１〜２０質量部、および（ｄ）水１５〜６５質量部を配合してなることを特徴とする着氷防止剤、
（２）（ｂ）多価アルコールがグリセリンである上記（1）に記載の着氷防止剤、
（３）（ｃ）エステル型界面活性剤が、ポリオキシアルキレン構造を有するエステル型界面活性剤である上記（１）または（２）記載の着氷防止剤
を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention
(1) With respect to 100 parts by mass of the main agent comprising (a) tripotassium citrate 20 to 75% by mass and (b) polyhydric alcohol 80 to 25% by mass, (c) the alcohol has a valence of 3 or more. A hydrophilic ester type surfactant which is an ester of a monohydric alcohol and a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms is blended with 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, and (d) 15 to 65 parts by mass of water. Anti-icing agent,
(2) (b) The anti-icing agent according to the above (1), wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerin,
(3) The anti-icing agent according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the (c) ester type surfactant is an ester type surfactant having a polyoxyalkylene structure.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、液状またはゲル状であり、かつ適度な粘度および濡れ性を有するので、金属表面、ガラス表面、樹脂表面など様々な平滑な表面に均一に散布または塗布し、広げることが可能である。特に対象物の側面へ散布した場合、最も効果的なため、特に自動車のボディー側面、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどに散布または塗布した場合、均一に広がることができ、優れた着氷防止効果と持続性および融氷効果を発揮し得る。
また、本発明の着氷防止剤は、鉄、非鉄金属（アルミニウム、銅など）など様々な金属に対する腐食防止性にも優れる。したがって、自動車のボディー、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属部分に散布または塗布しても問題なく使用し得る。
本発明の着氷防止剤は、水に希釈されていない高濃度状態でも低臭気であるため、人間の生活環境に近い場所に散布した場合、酢酸塩系の着氷防止剤のように、刺激臭を発生しない。したがって、散布した近辺の生活環境に対しても悪影響を及ぼさない。特に冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内に散布または塗布する際に酢酸塩系着氷防止剤を用いると、食品に酢酸臭が付着してしまうことがあるが、本発明の着氷防止剤ではそのような臭いも付着することがない。
さらに、本発明の着氷防止剤は、動植物に対して悪影響を及ぼし難いクエン酸三カリウムを使用している。したがって、本発明の着氷防止剤を散布または塗布した場所、または本発明の着氷防止剤が散布後に溶解した水溶液が流れ着いた場所の動植物などの生態系に悪影響を及ぼさない。
本発明の着氷防止剤は、様々な箇所への散布または塗布が可能であり、散布する箇所については、特に限定はない。
以上、本発明の着氷防止剤は、優れた着氷防止効果および融氷効果を有し、金属を腐食せず、低臭気で周辺の生物に対して悪影響を及ぼさず、さらに散布や塗布箇所が斜面や側面であっても効果を十分に持続させることができる。
Since the anti-icing agent of the present invention is liquid or gel and has an appropriate viscosity and wettability, it is uniformly spread or applied to various smooth surfaces such as metal surfaces, glass surfaces, resin surfaces, and spreads. It is possible. Especially when sprayed on the side of the object, it is most effective, so it can spread evenly, especially when sprayed or applied to the side of the body of a car, heat exchanger or fan in a ship, refrigerator or freezer, etc. Anti-icing effect, sustainability and melting effect can be exhibited.
Moreover, the anti-icing agent of the present invention is excellent in corrosion resistance to various metals such as iron and non-ferrous metals (aluminum, copper, etc.). Therefore, it can be used without any problem even if it is sprayed or applied to metal parts such as heat exchangers and fans in automobile bodies, ships, refrigerators and freezers.
Since the anti-icing agent of the present invention has a low odor even in a high concentration state that is not diluted in water, when sprayed in a place close to the human living environment, it is irritating like an acetate-based anti-icing agent. Does not generate odor. Therefore, it does not adversely affect the living environment in the vicinity. In particular, when an acetate-based anti-icing agent is used when spraying or applying to a refrigerator or freezer, an acetic acid odor may adhere to food, but the anti-icing agent of the present invention also has such an odor. There is no adhesion.
Furthermore, the anti-icing agent of the present invention uses tripotassium citrate which does not adversely affect animals and plants. Therefore, it does not adversely affect ecosystems such as animals and plants where the anti-icing agent of the present invention has been sprayed or applied, or where the aqueous solution in which the anti-icing agent of the present invention has dissolved after spraying has flowed.
The anti-icing agent of the present invention can be sprayed or applied to various locations, and there are no particular limitations on the locations to be sprayed.
As described above, the anti-icing agent of the present invention has an excellent anti-icing effect and a melting effect, does not corrode metals, has a low odor, does not adversely affect surrounding organisms, and is further spread and applied. Even if it is a slope or a side, the effect can be sustained sufficiently.
以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
なお、本発明において、低臭気とは、人が臭気を感じないか、感じても気にとめない程度の臭気をいう。
本発明の着氷防止剤は、（ａ）クエン酸三カリウム２０〜７５質量％及び（ｂ）多価アルコール８０〜２５質量％からなる主剤１００質量部に対して、（ｃ）アルコールの価数が３価以上の多価アルコールと炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸とのエステルである親水性のエステル型界面活性剤を０．１〜２０質量部、および（ｄ）水１５〜６５質量部を配合してなることを特徴とする。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the present invention, the low odor refers to an odor that a person does not feel odor or does not care even if it feels.
The anti-icing agent of the present invention comprises (a) the valence of alcohol with respect to 100 parts by mass of the main agent comprising (a) tripotassium citrate 20 to 75% by mass and (b) polyhydric alcohol 80 to 25% by mass. 0.1 to 20 parts by mass of a hydrophilic ester surfactant that is an ester of a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and (d) 15 to 65 parts by mass of water It is characterized by becoming.
本発明の着氷防止剤に用いられる（ａ）クエン酸三カリウムは、無水物および水和物が存在する。本発明においては、無水物および水和物のいずれを用いてもよいが、水和物が好適である。クエン酸カリウムには、クエン酸一カリウムも存在するが、このクエン酸一カリウムは、水に対する溶解性および着氷防止効果が不十分であり、本発明には適切でない。従って、本発明では、溶解性および着氷防止効果に優れるクエン酸三カリウムを用いる。
また、本発明においてカリウム塩を用いるのは、植物の発育などに対してほとんど悪影響を及ぼさないようにするためであり、カリウム塩以外の金属塩では、環境に対して悪影響を及ぼす場合がある。
カルボン酸においてクエン酸を選択したのは、例えば酢酸などの場合には、上述のように環境への影響および臭気の問題があるからである。
(A) Tripotassium citrate used in the anti-icing agent of the present invention includes an anhydride and a hydrate. In the present invention, either an anhydride or a hydrate may be used, but a hydrate is preferred. Potassium citrate also has monopotassium citrate, but this monopotassium citrate has insufficient solubility in water and an anti-icing effect and is not suitable for the present invention. Therefore, in the present invention, tripotassium citrate having excellent solubility and anti-icing effect is used.
In the present invention, the potassium salt is used so as not to adversely affect the growth of the plant, and metal salts other than the potassium salt may adversely affect the environment.
The reason why citric acid was selected as the carboxylic acid is that, for example, in the case of acetic acid or the like, there are environmental effects and odor problems as described above.
本発明の着氷防止剤に用いられる（ｂ）多価アルコールは、天然物、例えば生物源から得られる常温で液体の非合成系多価アルコールが望ましい。非合成系多価アルコールとしては、例えば、グリセリン、ポリグリセリン、ソルビトール、エリスリトールなどが挙げられる。これらの中で、着氷防止剤の調製の容易さ、経済的な面などからグリセリンがとくに好ましい。 The (b) polyhydric alcohol used in the anti-icing agent of the present invention is preferably a natural product, for example, a non-synthetic polyhydric alcohol obtained from a biological source at room temperature. Examples of non-synthetic polyhydric alcohols include glycerin, polyglycerin, sorbitol, and erythritol. Among these, glycerin is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of ease of preparation of the anti-icing agent and economical aspect.
本発明の着氷防止剤の（ｃ）成分としてのエステル型界面活性剤は、着氷防止剤を側面などに塗布または散布する際に、着氷防止剤の粘度や濡れ性を適切に調整させ、着氷防止効果を持続させることを目的として配合するものである。
本発明の着氷防止剤に使用できる（ｃ）成分のエステル型界面活性剤は、アルコールの価数が３価以上の多価アルコールと炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸とのエステルであり、親水性のエステル型界面活性剤である。該エステルのＨＬＢ値は、１０〜２０であることが好ましく、より好ましくは１４〜２０である。ＨＬＢ値が１０以下のものは、着氷防止剤とした際に分層を起こし易く、不適である。また、ＨＬＢ値が２０以上のものについては、着氷防止剤が金属表面などに広がり難いため、好ましくない。ここで言う、ＨＬＢ値はGriffin（W.C.Griffin:J.Soc.Cosmetic Chemists, 33 ,1180(1960) ）のＨＬＢの概念によって定めるものである。
本発明のエステル型界面活性剤の原料アルコールである３価以上の多価アルコールとしては、特に限定はないが、環境の面から考慮し、本発明では、天然物、例えば生物源から得られる多価アルコールを用いることが好ましい。また、アルコールは環状、分岐状などいずれでも使用できるが、分岐状のアルコールが好ましい。例えば、グリセリン、ポリグリセリン、ソルビトール、エリスリトールなどが挙げられる。上記多価アルコールは２種以上の混合物を用いても良い。
The ester type surfactant as the component (c) of the anti-icing agent of the present invention has an appropriate adjustment of the viscosity and wettability of the anti-icing agent when the anti-icing agent is applied to or spread on the side surface. It is formulated for the purpose of maintaining the anti-icing effect.
The ester type surfactant (c) that can be used in the anti-icing agent of the present invention is an ester of a polyhydric alcohol having a valence of 3 or more and a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and is hydrophilic. This is an ester type surfactant. It is preferable that the HLB value of this ester is 10-20, More preferably, it is 14-20. Those having an HLB value of 10 or less are not suitable because they tend to cause layer separation when used as an anti-icing agent. Further, those having an HLB value of 20 or more are not preferable because the anti-icing agent is difficult to spread on the metal surface or the like. Here, the HLB value is determined by the concept of HLB of Griffin (WCGriffin: J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists, 33, 1180 (1960)).
The trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol that is a raw material alcohol of the ester type surfactant of the present invention is not particularly limited, but in consideration of the environment, in the present invention, a polyhydric alcohol obtained from natural products such as biological sources is used. It is preferable to use a monohydric alcohol. Moreover, although alcohol can use any of cyclic | annular form, branched form, etc., branched alcohol is preferable. For example, glycerin, polyglycerin, sorbitol, erythritol, etc. are mentioned. A mixture of two or more of the polyhydric alcohols may be used.
また、上記多価アルコールとエステル化できる、炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸については、特に限定は無いが、環境の面を考慮し、本発明では、天然の油脂を加水分解して得られた脂肪酸を用いることが好ましい。飽和、不飽和、分岐、ヒドロキシル基含有などのいずれの脂肪酸でも使用することができる。また脂肪酸は、２種以上の混合脂肪酸を用いてもよい。
好ましい脂肪酸としては、デカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、イソステアリン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ヒマシ油脂肪酸、硬化ヒマシ油脂肪酸などが挙げられる。
In addition, the fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms that can be esterified with the polyhydric alcohol is not particularly limited, but in consideration of the environment, in the present invention, the fatty acid obtained by hydrolyzing natural fats and oils Is preferably used. Any fatty acid such as saturated, unsaturated, branched, and hydroxyl group-containing can be used. Two or more kinds of mixed fatty acids may be used as the fatty acid.
Preferred fatty acids include decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, castor oil fatty acid, hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and the like.
また、上記エステル型界面活性剤は、部分エステルであっても、完全エステルであってもよいが、さらにアルキレンオキサイドを付加させたものが好ましい。アルキレンオキサイドは、予め多価アルコールに付加させた後にエステル化しても、エステル化した後で、付加させたものでも良い。また、ヒマシ油脂肪酸などのヒドロキシル基含有脂肪酸に予めアルキレンオキサイドを付加させたものと、多価アルコールとをエステル化したものでもよい。好ましいアルキレンオキサイドはエチレンオキサイド、またはプロピレンオキサイドであり、より好ましくはエチレンオキサイドである。また、アルキレンオキサイドは２種以上の混合であってもよく、その場合、ブロックであってもランダムであってもよい。
さらに本発明のエステル型界面活性剤は、天然の油脂または、天然の油脂にアルキレンオキサイドを付加させた、ポリオキシアルキレン油脂などを用いることもできる。天然の油脂として好適に使用できるのは、ヒマシ油、硬化ヒマシ油などが挙げられる。また、ポリオキシアルキレン油脂として好適に使用できるのは、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油などが挙げられる。
さらに、本発明に使用できるより好適なエステル型界面活性剤としては、適度な濡れ性、増粘作用などの点からポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、グリセリンのポリオキシエチレン付加物とオレイン酸、ミリスチン酸、ラウリン酸などとのエステルなどが挙げられる。
Further, the ester type surfactant may be a partial ester or a complete ester, but is further preferably an alkylene oxide added thereto. The alkylene oxide may be esterified after previously added to the polyhydric alcohol, or may be added after esterification. Further, a product obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to a hydroxyl group-containing fatty acid such as castor oil fatty acid in advance and a polyhydric alcohol may be used. A preferred alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and ethylene oxide is more preferred. Further, the alkylene oxide may be a mixture of two or more, and in that case, it may be a block or random.
Furthermore, as the ester type surfactant of the present invention, natural fats and oils or polyoxyalkylene fats and oils obtained by adding alkylene oxide to natural fats and oils can also be used. Examples of natural fats and oils that can be suitably used include castor oil and hydrogenated castor oil. Moreover, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, etc. can be preferably used as the polyoxyalkylene oil.
Furthermore, as a more preferable ester type surfactant that can be used in the present invention, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene castor oil, and polyoxyethylene adduct of glycerin from the viewpoint of appropriate wettability and thickening action And esters of oleic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid and the like.
本発明の着氷防止剤に使用し得る（ｄ）水としては、特に限定はなく、水の種類としては、硬水および軟水のいずれでもよい。例えば、水道水、イオン交換水、工業用水、蒸留水などが挙げられる。経済的な面から、水道水および工業用水が好ましい。 The water (d) that can be used in the anti-icing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the type of water may be either hard water or soft water. For example, tap water, ion exchange water, industrial water, distilled water and the like can be mentioned. From the economical aspect, tap water and industrial water are preferred.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、上述のように、（ａ）クエン酸三カリウム２０〜７５質量％及び（ｂ）多価アルコール８０〜２５質量％からなる主剤１００質量部に対して、（ｃ）アルコールの価数が３価以上の多価アルコールと炭素数１０〜２０の脂肪酸とのエステルである親水性のエステル型界面活性剤を０．１〜２０質量部、および（ｄ）水１５〜６５質量部を配合した組成からなっている。
本発明の着氷防止剤の主剤においては、（ａ）成分のクエン酸三カリウムの含有量は２０〜７５質量％であり、（ｂ）成分の多価アルコールの含有量は、８０〜２５質量％の範囲である。
前記主剤における、（ａ）成分の含有量が２０質量％以上（（ｂ）成分の含有量が８０質量％以下）であれば、着氷防止剤の凝固点を低く保持でき、高い着氷防止効果、融氷効果を発揮することができる。一方、（ａ）成分の含有量が７５質量％以下（（ｂ）成分の含有量が２５質量％以上）であれば、クエン酸三カリウムが溶け残ることがなく、均一に溶解できると共に、その粘度も好適であり、対象物への付着性が良好である。
前記主剤における（ａ）成分と（ｂ）成分の好ましい含有量は、（ａ）成分２５〜７５質量％で、（ｂ）成分７５〜２５質量％である。なお、（ｂ）成分は、１種を単独で用いても良いし、２種以上を組合せて使用してもよい。
As described above, the anti-icing agent of the present invention comprises (c) 100 parts by mass of a main agent consisting of 20 to 75% by mass of tripotassium citrate and (b) 80 to 25% by mass of polyhydric alcohol. ) 0.1 to 20 parts by mass of a hydrophilic ester surfactant which is an ester of a polyhydric alcohol having a valence of 3 or more and a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and (d) 15 to 15 parts of water. It is composed of 65 parts by mass.
In the main component of the anti-icing agent of the present invention, the content of tripotassium citrate as the component (a) is 20 to 75% by mass, and the content of the polyhydric alcohol as the component (b) is 80 to 25% by mass. % Range.
If the content of the component (a) in the main agent is 20% by mass or more (the content of the component (b) is 80% by mass or less), the freezing point of the anti-icing agent can be kept low, and the anti-icing effect is high. The ice melting effect can be exhibited. On the other hand, if the content of the component (a) is 75% by mass or less (the content of the component (b) is 25% by mass or more), the tripotassium citrate is not left undissolved and can be dissolved uniformly, Viscosity is also suitable, and adhesion to an object is good.
The preferable content of the component (a) and the component (b) in the main agent is 25 to 75% by mass of the component (a) and 75 to 25% by mass of the component (b). In addition, (b) component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、上記主剤１００質量部に対して、（ｃ）成分として特定の親水性エステル型界面活性剤を、０．１〜２０質量部、好ましくは１〜１５質量部の割合で配合する。この配合量が０．１質量部以上であれば、塗布または散布した際にすぐに流れ落ちることがなく、着氷防止剤が対象物に均一に広がり、持続性が得られる。また、２０質量部以下では、適度な凝固点を有し、十分な着氷防止効果が得られる。（ｃ）成分は、１種を単独で用いても良いし、２種以上を組合せて使用してもよい。 The anti-icing agent of the present invention comprises 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass of a specific hydrophilic ester type surfactant as component (c) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the main agent. Mix in proportions. When the blending amount is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the anti-icing agent spreads uniformly on the target object and does not flow down immediately when applied or sprayed, and sustainability is obtained. Moreover, if it is 20 mass parts or less, it has a suitable freezing point and sufficient icing prevention effect is obtained. (C) A component may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
さらに本発明の着氷防止剤は、（ｄ）成分として水を、主剤１００質量部に対し、１５〜６５質量部、好ましくは２０〜４０質量部配合する。この配合量が１５質量部以上であれば、（ａ）成分のクエン酸三カリウムが溶け残ることがなく、６５質量部以下であれば、良好な着氷防止効果が得られる。
また、本発明の着氷防止剤には必要に応じ、その他の添加物として、例えば、酸化防止剤、防腐剤、防錆剤、芳香剤、着色剤、増粘安定剤などを適宜添加してもよい。
Furthermore, the anti-icing agent of this invention mix | blends 15-65 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of main agents, Preferably it is 20-40 mass parts as (d) component. If this compounding amount is 15 parts by mass or more, the tripotassium citrate of the component (a) does not remain dissolved, and if it is 65 parts by mass or less, a good anti-icing effect can be obtained.
In addition, the anti-icing agent of the present invention may be appropriately added with other additives such as antioxidants, antiseptics, rust preventives, fragrances, colorants, thickening stabilizers as necessary. Also good.
以下に本発明の着氷防止剤の性状、塗布方法等について説明する。
本発明の着氷防止剤は、液状またはゲル状であり、かつ適度な粘度（温度２５℃における粘度１００〜１００,０００ｍPa・ｓ）および濡れ性を有するので、金属表面、ガラス表面、樹脂表面など様々な平滑な表面に均一に散布または塗布し、広げることが可能である。特に対象物の側面へ散布した場合に最も効果的なため、特に自動車のボディー側面、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどに散布または塗布した場合、均一に広がることができ、優れた着氷防止効果と持続性および融氷効果を発揮し得る。
また、本発明の着氷防止剤は、鉄、非鉄金属（アルミニウム、銅など）など様々な金属に対する腐食性を著しく低下することができる。したがって、自動車のボディー、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属部分に散布または塗布しても問題なく使用し得る。
The properties of the anti-icing agent of the present invention, the coating method, etc. will be described below.
The anti-icing agent of the present invention is liquid or gel and has an appropriate viscosity (viscosity of 100 to 100,000 mPa · s at a temperature of 25 ° C.) and wettability, so that a metal surface, a glass surface, a resin surface, etc. It can be spread or spread evenly on various smooth surfaces and spread. It is most effective when sprayed on the side of the object, especially when sprayed or applied to the side of the body of a car, heat exchanger or fan in a ship, refrigerator or freezer. Anti-icing effect, sustainability and melting effect can be exhibited.
Further, the anti-icing agent of the present invention can remarkably reduce the corrosiveness to various metals such as iron and non-ferrous metals (aluminum, copper, etc.). Therefore, it can be used without any problem even if it is sprayed or applied to metal parts such as heat exchangers and fans in automobile bodies, ships, refrigerators and freezers.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、水に希釈されていない高濃度状態でも低臭気であるため、人間の生活環境に近い場所に散布した場合、酢酸塩系の着氷防止剤のように、刺激臭を発生しない。したがって、散布した近辺の生活環境に対しても悪影響を及ぼさない。特に冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内に散布または塗布する際に酢酸塩系着氷防止剤を用いると、食品に酢酸臭が付着してしまうことがあるが、本発明の着氷防止剤ではそのような臭いも付着することがない。
さらに、本発明の着氷防止剤は、動植物に対して悪影響を及ぼし難いクエン酸三カリウムを使用している。したがって、本発明の着氷防止剤を散布または塗布した場所、または本発明の着氷防止剤が散布後に溶解した水溶液が流れ着いた場所の動植物などの生態系に悪影響を及ぼさない。
Since the anti-icing agent of the present invention has a low odor even in a high concentration state that is not diluted in water, when sprayed in a place close to the human living environment, it is irritating like an acetate-based anti-icing agent. Does not generate odor. Therefore, it does not adversely affect the living environment in the vicinity. In particular, when an acetate-based anti-icing agent is used when spraying or applying to a refrigerator or freezer, an acetic acid odor may adhere to food, but the anti-icing agent of the present invention also has such an odor. There is no adhesion.
Furthermore, the anti-icing agent of the present invention uses tripotassium citrate which does not adversely affect animals and plants. Therefore, it does not adversely affect ecosystems such as animals and plants where the anti-icing agent of the present invention has been sprayed or applied, or where the aqueous solution in which the anti-icing agent of the present invention has dissolved after spraying has flowed.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、様々な箇所への散布または塗布が可能であり、散布する箇所については、特に限定はない。予め着氷前に塗布または散布しておく方法、着氷した後に氷の上に散布する方法、いずれの方法でも使用できる。散布または塗布した際に、本発明の着氷防止剤の効果が最も得られやすいのが、自動車のボディー、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属部分であり、このような箇所へ散布した際は、他の着氷防止剤と比較して最も効果が得られる。散布方法については、特に限定は無いが、ノズルを用いて散布することが望ましい。好適に使用し得るノズルとしては、例えば、扇形ノズル、クイックボールノズル、均等扇形ノズル、デスケーラノズル、片扇形ノズル、空気吸入式扇形ノズル、充円錐ノズル、充角錐ノズル、直進ノズル、トリミングノズル、空円錐ノズルなどがあげられる。これらの中で、扇形ノズルおよび充円錐ノズルがより好ましい。塗布方法についても、特に限定は無いが、刷毛等を用いて塗布することが好ましい。 The anti-icing agent of the present invention can be sprayed or applied to various locations, and there are no particular limitations on the locations to be sprayed. Either a method of applying or spraying before icing or a method of spraying on ice after icing can be used. When sprayed or applied, the effects of the anti-icing agent of the present invention are most easily obtained in metal parts such as heat exchangers and fans in automobile bodies, ships, refrigerators and freezers. When sprayed to the place, the most effective is obtained compared with other anti-icing agents. Although there is no limitation in particular about the spraying method, it is desirable to spray using a nozzle. Examples of nozzles that can be suitably used include fan nozzles, quick ball nozzles, uniform fan nozzles, descaler nozzles, single fan nozzles, air suction fan nozzles, full cone nozzles, full cone nozzles, straight nozzles, trimming nozzles, For example, an empty conical nozzle. Among these, a fan-shaped nozzle and a full cone nozzle are more preferable. The application method is not particularly limited, but it is preferably applied using a brush or the like.
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例になんら限定されるものでない。
各実施例および比較例には、表１に示す主剤（ａ）及び（ｂ）、界面活性剤（ｃ）の化合物を用いた。
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example at all.
In each Example and Comparative Example, the compounds of main agents (a) and (b) and surfactant (c) shown in Table 1 were used.
実施例1
表２に示すように、クエン酸三カリウム（ａ−１）を２２質量部、グリセリン（ｂ−１）を７８質量部からなる主剤１００質量部に対して、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(ｃ−１)を２０質量部、および水道水を２０質量部混合し、着氷防止剤１を調製した。
実施例２〜５
実施例１と同様にして、表１に記載の成分を表２に記載の割合で配合し、着氷防止剤（着氷防止剤２〜５）を調製した。
Example 1
As shown in Table 2, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (c-) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the main agent consisting of 22 parts by mass of tripotassium citrate (a-1) and 78 parts by mass of glycerin (b-1). 20 parts by mass of 1) and 20 parts by mass of tap water were mixed to prepare anti-icing agent 1.
Examples 2-5
In the same manner as in Example 1, the components shown in Table 1 were blended in the proportions shown in Table 2 to prepare anti-icing agents (anti-icing agents 2 to 5).
比較例１〜９
実施例１と同様にして、表１に記載の成分を表２に記載の割合で配合し、着氷防止剤（着氷防止剤６〜１４）を調製した。
得られた着氷防止剤１〜１４の状態を表２に示す。
Comparative Examples 1-9
In the same manner as in Example 1, the components shown in Table 1 were blended in the proportions shown in Table 2 to prepare anti-icing agents (anti-icing agents 6-14).
Table 2 shows the states of the obtained anti-icing agents 1-14.
表２に示すように着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４は、調製直後は、均一の液体または粘性液体であった。しかし、着氷防止剤１０は、使用した塩（クエン酸カルシウム）が溶解せずに残っていた。また、ＨＬＢが６．９であるポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油を使用した着氷防止剤１１は、調製後すぐに分層した。 As shown in Table 2, the anti-icing agents 1-9 and the anti-icing agents 12-14 were uniform liquids or viscous liquids immediately after preparation. However, the anti-icing agent 10 remained without dissolving the used salt (calcium citrate). Moreover, the anti-icing agent 11 using the polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil whose HLB is 6.9 separated into layers immediately after preparation.
次いで、比較例５（着氷防止剤１０）および比較例６（着氷防止剤１１）を除く、均一透明な着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４について、（１）凝固点の測定、（２）臭気判定、（３）金属腐食性試験、（４）濡れ性の評価、および（５）植物の発芽試験を行った。
（１）凝固点の測定
着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４の凝固点を、JAOCS2.3.5.2-71凝固点（シュコッフ法）に準じて測定した。結果を表３に示す。
（２）臭気判定
着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４の原液、2質量倍の水で希釈した希釈液について、５人のパネラーに臭気判定をしてもらった。そして、下記のように判定した。
○ ： ５人中、誰も臭いを感じなかった場合
△ ： ５人中、１〜３人が臭いを感じた場合
× ： ５人中、４人以上が臭いを感じた場合
結果を表3に示す。
（３）金属腐食性試験
鋼板（ＳＰＣＣ）、アルミ板、および銅板のテストピースを、それぞれグラインダーで研磨し、脱脂し、そして乾燥させた。次いで、着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４の原液にそれぞれテストピースの全体を浸漬した後、テストピースの下から１／２の高さまで浸漬するように保持し、３日後の腐食の発生を目視で観察した。テスト温度は室温で行った。そして、それぞれのテストピースについて、下記のように判定した。
○ ： 変化がなかった場合
△ ： 錆および変色が若干観察された場合
× ： 錆および変色が著しく観察された場合
結果を表3に示す。
（４）濡れ性の評価
金属に対する着氷防止剤の馴染み、広がりの評価として濡れ性試験を実施した。着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４のアルミ板に対する接触角を、協和界面科学株式会社製、ＣＯＮＴＡＣＴ・ＡＮＧＬＥ・ＭＥＴＥＲ ＭＯＤＥＬ ＣＡ−Ｓ１５０を用いて測定した。濡れ性の評価は以下のように判定した。
○ ： 接触角７０度未満
× ： 接触角７０度以上
結果を表３に示す。
（５）植物の発育試験（カイワレ大根の発芽試験）
着氷防止剤１〜９および着氷防止剤１２〜１４をそれぞれ水で希釈し、有効成分濃度（水以外の濃度）が、１．４質量％となるように調整した。次いで、それぞれ調製した希釈液にろ紙を浸した。浸したろ紙をシャーレの中に入れて、ろ紙の上にカイワレ大根の種子を数個置いた。シャーレに蓋を被せ、日当たりが良好な場所に１週間静置し、発芽状態を観察した。３日後の状態と７日後の状態を下記のように判定した。
○ ： 植物への影響が確認されなかった場合
△ ： 植物に若干影響を及ぼした場合
× ： 植物に著しく悪影響を及ぼした場合
結果を表３に示す。
Next, with respect to the uniform and transparent anti-icing agents 1 to 9 and anti-icing agents 12 to 14 excluding Comparative Example 5 (anti-icing agent 10) and Comparative Example 6 (icing preventive agent 11), Measurement, (2) odor determination, (3) metal corrosion test, (4) wettability evaluation, and (5) plant germination test.
(1) Measurement of freezing point The freezing points of anti-icing agents 1-9 and anti-icing agents 12-14 were measured according to JAOCS 2.3.5.2-71 freezing point (Schkoff method). The results are shown in Table 3.
(2) Odor determination Five panelists made an odor determination for the stock solutions of the anti-icing agents 1-9 and the anti-icing agents 12-14, and the diluted solution diluted with 2 parts by mass of water. And it determined as follows.
○: When nobody felt odor among 5 people △: When 1-3 people felt odor out of 5 people ×: When 4 or more people out of 5 felt odor Results are shown in Table 3 Show.
(3) Metal Corrosion Test Steel plate (SPCC), aluminum plate, and copper plate test pieces were each ground with a grinder, degreased, and dried. Next, after immersing the whole test piece in the stock solutions of the anti-icing agent 1-9 and the anti-icing agent 12-14, respectively, the test piece was held so as to be immersed to a height of 1/2 from the bottom of the test piece, and after 3 days. The occurrence of corrosion was visually observed. The test temperature was room temperature. And about each test piece, it determined as follows.
◯: When there is no change Δ: When rust and discoloration are slightly observed ×: When rust and discoloration are remarkably observed The results are shown in Table 3.
(4) Evaluation of wettability A wettability test was conducted as an evaluation of familiarity and spread of the anti-icing agent to metal. The contact angles of the anti-icing agents 1 to 9 and the anti-icing agents 12 to 14 with respect to the aluminum plate were measured using CONACT / ANGLE / METER MODEL CA-S150 manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. Evaluation of wettability was determined as follows.
○: Contact angle of less than 70 degrees ×: Contact angle of 70 degrees or more
(5) Plant growth test (germination test of Japanese radish)
Anti-icing agents 1-9 and anti-icing agents 12-14 were each diluted with water and adjusted so that the active ingredient concentration (concentration other than water) was 1.4% by mass. Subsequently, the filter paper was immersed in each prepared diluent. The soaked filter paper was put in a petri dish, and several seeds of radish radish were placed on the filter paper. The petri dish was covered with a lid, and allowed to stand for 1 week in a place with good sunlight, and the germination state was observed. The state after 3 days and the state after 7 days were determined as follows.
◯: When the effect on the plant was not confirmed Δ: When the plant was slightly affected x: When the plant was significantly adversely affected The results are shown in Table 3.
表３の結果から、本発明の着氷防止剤１〜５は、凝固点、臭気、各種金属に対する腐食性、濡れ性、発芽試験の全ての試験において優れていた。
一方、酢酸カリウムを含有する着氷防止剤６は、臭気を発するため、生活環境へ悪影響を及ぼし、さらに植物へも悪影響することが分かった。また、塩化カルシウム、塩化ナトリウムを含有する着氷防止剤７、８は金属を腐食するため、金属表面への塗布や散布は不適切であることが分かった。さらに、クエン酸三ナトリウムを含有する着氷防止剤９は、植物の発育に影響することが分かった。また、（ｃ）成分である界面活性剤を含有しない着氷防止剤１４は、濡れ性が悪く、塗布または散布した際に均一に広がりにくいことが分かった。
From the results of Table 3, the anti-icing agents 1 to 5 of the present invention were excellent in all tests of freezing point, odor, corrosiveness to various metals, wettability, and germination test.
On the other hand, since the anti-icing agent 6 containing potassium acetate emits an odor, it has been found that it has an adverse effect on the living environment and also has an adverse effect on plants. Moreover, since the anti-icing agents 7 and 8 containing calcium chloride and sodium chloride corrode a metal, it turned out that application | coating and dispersion | spreading to a metal surface are improper. Furthermore, it was found that the anti-icing agent 9 containing trisodium citrate affects the growth of plants. Moreover, it turned out that the anti-icing agent 14 which does not contain the surfactant which is (c) component has bad wettability, and it is hard to spread uniformly when apply | coating or spraying.
（５）着氷試験
次いで、（１）凝固点、（２）臭気判定、（３）金属腐食性試験、（４）濡れ性、（５）植物の発育試験の全ての試験において、良好な結果が得られた着氷防止剤１〜５および着氷防止剤１２、１３と、着氷防止剤１４について着氷試験を行った。
着氷防止剤１〜５および着氷防止剤１２〜１４をアルミ板に塗布し、−３０℃に設定した冷凍庫の壁に立てかけ静置した。冷凍庫内に静置後、１時間が経過したら、冷凍庫から取り出し、恒温恒湿状態（温度２５℃、湿度７５％）で３０分間静置した。その後、アルミ板を再度冷凍庫内にて１０日間静置し、１０日後の氷の付着の有無を確認した。また、１０日目に氷の付着の確認後、再度、同じ操作を繰り返し、試験開始後２０日目に再度氷の付着の有無を確認した。着氷試験の結果を下記のように判定した。
○ ： 試験開始２０日後も氷の付着量が少ない。
△ ： 試験開始１０日後には氷の付着量が少ないが、２０日後には氷の付着量が多い。
× ： 試験開始１０日後ですでに氷の付着量が多い。
表４に着氷試験の結果をまとめて示す。
(5) Icing test Next, in all tests of (1) freezing point, (2) odor determination, (3) metal corrosion test, (4) wettability, (5) plant growth test, good results were obtained. An icing test was conducted on the obtained anti-icing agents 1 to 5, anti-icing agents 12 and 13, and anti-icing agent 14.
Anti-icing agent 1-5 and anti-icing agent 12-14 were apply | coated to the aluminum plate, and it stood on the wall of the freezer set to -30 degreeC, and left still. After 1 hour after standing in the freezer, it was taken out from the freezer and allowed to stand in a constant temperature and humidity state (temperature 25 ° C., humidity 75%) for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the aluminum plate was again allowed to stand in the freezer for 10 days, and the presence or absence of ice after 10 days was confirmed. In addition, after confirming the adhesion of ice on the 10th day, the same operation was repeated again, and the presence or absence of the adhesion of ice was confirmed again on the 20th day after the start of the test. The results of the icing test were determined as follows.
○: Even after 20 days from the start of the test, the amount of ice is small.
Δ: The amount of ice attached is small after 10 days from the start of the test, but the amount of ice attached is large after 20 days.
X: A large amount of ice is already attached 10 days after the start of the test.
Table 4 summarizes the results of the icing test.
表4の結果から、本発明の実施例による着氷防止剤１〜５は、長期間冷凍庫内で使用された場合であっても十分に着氷防止効果を持続できることがわかった。一方、本発明の（ｃ）成分の要件において、アルコールの価数が１価の着氷防止剤１２および同２価の着氷防止剤１３、界面活性剤を添加していない着氷防止剤１４の比較例７〜９においては、着氷防止効果が不十分であることが分かった。 From the results of Table 4, it was found that the anti-icing agents 1 to 5 according to the examples of the present invention can sufficiently maintain the anti-icing effect even when used in a freezer for a long time. On the other hand, in the requirement of the component (c) of the present invention, the anti-icing agent 12 having a monovalent valence of alcohol, the anti-icing agent 13 having the same valence, and the anti-icing agent 14 to which no surfactant is added. In Comparative Examples 7 to 9, it was found that the effect of preventing icing was insufficient.
本発明の着氷防止剤は、着氷防止効果、融氷効果に優れる上、低臭気であり、かつ金属類に対する腐食性もない。さらに周辺の生物に対しても悪影響を及ぼさず、斜面や側面に散布しても優れた着氷防止効果を持続することができる。このため、特に自動車のボディー、船舶、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどに散布または塗布する着氷防止剤として有効に利用できる。 The anti-icing agent of the present invention is excellent in the anti-icing effect and the ice melting effect, has a low odor, and is not corrosive to metals. Furthermore, it does not adversely affect surrounding organisms and can maintain an excellent anti-icing effect even when sprayed on slopes and sides. For this reason, in particular, it can be effectively used as an anti-icing agent that is sprayed or applied to heat exchangers or fans in automobile bodies, ships, refrigerators or freezers.
Claims (3)
(C) The anti-icing agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ester type surfactant is an ester type surfactant having a polyoxyalkylene structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005220227A JP4899369B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | Anti-icing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005220227A JP4899369B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | Anti-icing agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007031637A true JP2007031637A (en) | 2007-02-08 |
| JP4899369B2 JP4899369B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=37791265
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005220227A Active JP4899369B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | Anti-icing agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4899369B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006306904A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Nof Corp | Snow melting agent composition |
| JP2009073877A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd | Solid polyhydric alcohol composition having anti-frost effect |
| JP2015127360A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-09 | ミヨシ油脂株式会社 | Liquid viscosity improver for detergent and detergent composition prepared using the same |
| WO2019151050A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Restraining agent for frost growth and fin material using same |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62112858A (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1987-05-23 | 阿部 保 | Apparatus for melting roof snow |
| JPS6423891A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-01-26 | Plant Genetics Inc | Method and medium for forming adventive germ |
| JPH01190783A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-07-31 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | Deicer |
| JPH06212147A (en) * | 1993-01-18 | 1994-08-02 | Tomio Nakazawa | Snow-melting, ice-melting, and antifreeze composition |
| JPH10251622A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-22 | Nof Corp | Antifreezing agent and particle thereof |
| JP2006306904A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Nof Corp | Snow melting agent composition |
-
2005
- 2005-07-29 JP JP2005220227A patent/JP4899369B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62112858A (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1987-05-23 | 阿部 保 | Apparatus for melting roof snow |
| JPS6423891A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-01-26 | Plant Genetics Inc | Method and medium for forming adventive germ |
| JPH01190783A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-07-31 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | Deicer |
| JPH06212147A (en) * | 1993-01-18 | 1994-08-02 | Tomio Nakazawa | Snow-melting, ice-melting, and antifreeze composition |
| JPH10251622A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-22 | Nof Corp | Antifreezing agent and particle thereof |
| JP2006306904A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Nof Corp | Snow melting agent composition |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006306904A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Nof Corp | Snow melting agent composition |
| JP2009073877A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd | Solid polyhydric alcohol composition having anti-frost effect |
| JP2015127360A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-09 | ミヨシ油脂株式会社 | Liquid viscosity improver for detergent and detergent composition prepared using the same |
| WO2019151050A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Restraining agent for frost growth and fin material using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4899369B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4342761B2 (en) | Disinfectant composition | |
| JP4899369B2 (en) | Anti-icing agent | |
| NO20160381A1 (en) | Bio-based deicing / anti-icing fluids | |
| AU7744891A (en) | Solid rinse aid from food grade components | |
| KR101561583B1 (en) | Composition to Prevent Dust from Scattering and Method to Prevent Dust from Scattering Using the Same | |
| JP6961498B2 (en) | Rust control additives, rust control methods and rust control paints | |
| US4948521A (en) | Metalworking composition | |
| JP2007161807A (en) | Liquid anti-freezing agent composition | |
| US5194584A (en) | Biodegradable concrete form release agent | |
| JP2018039881A (en) | Detergent composition | |
| JP2005312380A5 (en) | ||
| JP4899335B2 (en) | Snow melting composition | |
| WO2018021110A1 (en) | Defoaming effect enhancing agent and foamable cleaning agent composition containing same | |
| TWI675912B (en) | Indenter foam cleaner composition | |
| JP6281144B2 (en) | Cleaning composition for car air conditioner and aerosol composition using the same | |
| JP3453061B2 (en) | Hydraulic oil that does not kill plants | |
| JP5248828B2 (en) | Solid polyhydric alcohol composition having anti-frost effect | |
| JP2002088393A (en) | Liquid cleanser composition for food and tableware | |
| CN108913383A (en) | A kind of floor cleaner and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2019182762A (en) | Foamer composition, foamer with foamer composition and disinfection method using foamer composition | |
| JP7468877B2 (en) | Cleaning composition | |
| CN109414522A (en) | Preparation with fresh air | |
| JP2003261900A (en) | Car air conditioner detergent | |
| JPS6114230B2 (en) | ||
| JP4811985B2 (en) | Aqueous antibacterial detergent |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080704 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110204 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110301 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110425 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A132 Effective date: 20110802 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20111206 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20111219 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4899369 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |