JP5248828B2 - Solid polyhydric alcohol composition having anti-frost effect - Google Patents
Solid polyhydric alcohol composition having anti-frost effect Download PDFInfo
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- JP5248828B2 JP5248828B2 JP2007242047A JP2007242047A JP5248828B2 JP 5248828 B2 JP5248828 B2 JP 5248828B2 JP 2007242047 A JP2007242047 A JP 2007242047A JP 2007242047 A JP2007242047 A JP 2007242047A JP 5248828 B2 JP5248828 B2 JP 5248828B2
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- polyhydric alcohol
- solid
- fatty acid
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- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title description 27
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOKDXPHSIQRTJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)CO WOKDXPHSIQRTJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DAJVZJCHONBKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DAJVZJCHONBKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMQZBEXYFLXHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O MMQZBEXYFLXHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUSIZKKQGFQEHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RUSIZKKQGFQEHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000021 acetate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229960004256 calcium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940001468 citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZJYKFZAQPEYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VZJYKFZAQPEYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004337 magnesium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005336 magnesium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002538 magnesium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMANBDGYGRWCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BMANBDGYGRWCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004109 potassium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012176 shellac wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYKSTGLAIMQDRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO JYKSTGLAIMQDRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripalmitin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015870 tripotassium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019263 trisodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Description
本発明は、自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換機やファンなどの金属表面などに霜或いは氷が付着するのを防止する着氷防止又は防霜剤に関し、詳しくは多価アルコールと多価アルコール誘導体とを配合することを特徴とする防霜効果を有する硬質な固形状組成物に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an anti-icing or anti-frosting agent that prevents frost or ice from adhering to metal surfaces such as automobiles, ships, railways, overhead wires, heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, and more particularly The present invention relates to a hard solid composition having a defrosting effect characterized by blending an alcohol and a polyhydric alcohol derivative.
従来、凍結防止、着氷防止、融氷、防霜および融雪のために、様々な化合物、例えば塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム等の塩素系無機塩、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールなどのアルコール類、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウムなどの酢酸塩などが使用されている。
上述の塩素系無機塩およびアルコール類は、優れた着氷防止、融氷効果を有するものの、自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属部分に塗布または散布した場合、金属が腐食するという問題がある。
金属に対する腐食性を改善した凍結防止剤として、カルボン酸塩として酢酸塩等と水溶性アルコールとを主成分とする凍結防止剤が開示されている。（特許文献１参照）しかし、酢酸塩を含有する凍結防止剤は、金属を腐食しないが、酢酸塩由来の臭気のために、人間の生活環境に近い場所である自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどへは、散布または塗布し難いという問題がある。また、この酢酸塩および上記の塩素系無機塩は、動植物に対する影響について全く考慮されておらず、散布後に周辺の植物が枯れたり、動植物の発育に悪影響を及ぼしたりする場合がある為、人間の生活環境により近い場所や、生物に対する影響を考慮する必要がある場所への使用は不適切である。
さらに、上述の化合物およびこれらを含有する組成物のみでは、斜面や側面に対して散布または塗布した際、組成物が流れ落ちてしまい、持続性が無い。また、特に金属表面などに塗布または散布する場合は、濡れ性が悪く、塗布または散布した表面に着氷防止剤が均一に広がらないという問題もある。特に、自動車のボディーなどの側面、船舶、鉄道の側面、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの側面へ塗布した際は、上述の化合物のみを含有する組成物では、流れ落ちて効果がすぐに失われてしまうか、流れ落ちずに残っていても均一に広がった状態で着氷防止効果を持続することが困難であるという問題もある。
Conventionally, various compounds, such as chlorine-based inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, for anti-freezing, anti-icing, ice melting, anti-frost and snow melting, Acetates such as potassium acetate, calcium acetate, and magnesium acetate are used.
Although the above-mentioned chlorinated inorganic salts and alcohols have excellent anti-icing and ice-melting effects, they are applied to or spread on metal parts such as automobiles, ships, railroads, overhead lines, refrigerators and heat exchangers and fans in freezers. In this case, there is a problem that the metal corrodes.
As an antifreezing agent having improved corrosion resistance to metals, an antifreezing agent having acetate as a carboxylate and water-soluble alcohol as main components is disclosed. However, the anti-freezing agent containing acetate does not corrode metals, but because of the odor derived from acetate, automobiles, ships, railways, overhead wires, which are close to the human living environment, There is a problem that it is difficult to spray or apply to a heat exchanger or a fan in a refrigerator or a freezer. In addition, this acetate salt and the above-mentioned chlorinated inorganic salts are not considered at all for the effects on animals and plants, and the surrounding plants may wither after spraying or adversely affect the growth of animals and plants. It is inappropriate to use in places that are closer to the living environment or where consideration must be given to the effects on living organisms.
Furthermore, with only the above-mentioned compounds and compositions containing them, the composition flows down when sprayed or applied to slopes and side surfaces, and there is no sustainability. In particular, when applied or spread on a metal surface or the like, there is a problem that the wettability is poor and the anti-icing agent does not spread uniformly on the coated or spread surface. In particular, when applied to side surfaces of automobile bodies, side surfaces of ships, railways, overhead wires, heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, etc., the composition containing only the above-mentioned compounds will flow down and be effective. However, it is difficult to maintain the effect of preventing icing in a state where it has spread evenly even if it is lost without flowing down.
一方、良好な防錆効果を有する凍結防止剤として、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウムまたは塩化カルシウムとクエン酸塩とを所定の割合で混合したものが提案されている。そして、クエン酸塩として、クエン酸三ナトリウム、クエン酸マグネシウム、またはクエン酸カルシウムが開示されている。（特許文献２参照）しかし、これらのクエン酸塩では、カリウム塩以外の金属塩では、環境に対して悪影響を及ぼす懸念がある。また、特許文献２に開示された凍結防止剤では、路面の凍結防止を目的とするものであって、道路や建物の腐食の軽減を課題としており、上述の塗布性、持続性、低温性、環境面への影響の問題は提示されていない。 On the other hand, as an antifreezing agent having a good antirust effect, a mixture of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride and citrate in a predetermined ratio has been proposed. And as a citrate, trisodium citrate, magnesium citrate, or calcium citrate is disclosed. However, in these citrates, there is a concern that metal salts other than potassium salts have an adverse effect on the environment. In addition, the antifreezing agent disclosed in Patent Document 2 is intended to prevent road surface freezing, and is intended to reduce the corrosion of roads and buildings. No environmental impact issues are presented.
上述の問題を受け、塗布性、持続性、環境面への影響を配慮した環境対応型着氷防止剤として、クエン酸三カリウム、多価アルコール、多価アルコール脂肪酸エステル型界面活性剤、水からなる着氷防止剤が開示されている。（特許文献３参照）これに開示された着氷防止剤は、着氷防止効果、融氷効果に優れ、低臭気であり、金属腐食性もなく、更に周囲の環境に悪影響を及ぼしにくい点においては何ら問題なく使用できるものであるが、液体である為、固体製品に比べて性能を発現するための必要量以上に塗布しやすく、無駄をなくすという観点から充分でない部分も存在した。更に固体であることが作業上望ましい用途においては、塗布原理上、強度も求められていた。 As an environmentally-friendly anti-icing agent taking into account the above-mentioned problems, coating properties, sustainability, and environmental impact, from tripotassium citrate, polyhydric alcohol, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester surfactant, water An anti-icing agent is disclosed. (See Patent Document 3) The anti-icing agent disclosed therein is excellent in anti-icing effect and melting effect, has low odor, is not corrosive to metal, and is less likely to adversely affect the surrounding environment. Can be used without any problem, but since it is a liquid, it is easier to apply than the amount necessary to develop its performance compared to a solid product, and there are parts that are not sufficient from the viewpoint of eliminating waste. Furthermore, in applications where it is desirable to be solid, strength is also required from the application principle.
以上の如く、斜面や側面に対して散布または塗布した際に持続性を有し、特に金属表面などに塗布する場合に、固体であることが望ましい用途に対する着氷防止剤は提案されていない。特に、自動車のボディーなどの側面、船舶の側面、鉄道、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの側面へ塗布した際に、上述の化合物のみを含有する組成物では、流れ落ちて効果がすぐに失われてしまうか、流れ落ちずに残っていても均一に広がった状態で着氷防止効果を持続することが困難であるという問題、更に固体であることが望ましい用途において作業性と性能面、環境面を満足する着氷防止剤は未だ提案されていない。 As described above, no anti-icing agent has been proposed for applications that are durable when sprayed or applied to slopes or side surfaces, and that are preferably solid when applied to a metal surface or the like. In particular, when applied to side surfaces of automobile bodies, side surfaces of ships, railways, overhead lines, heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, etc., the composition containing only the above-mentioned compounds will flow down and be effective. Workability and performance in applications where it is difficult to sustain the effect of preventing icing in a state where it is lost quickly or even if it remains without flowing down, and it is desirable to be solid An anti-icing agent that satisfies the environmental and environmental aspects has not yet been proposed.
本発明は、自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンなどの金属表面に霜或いは、氷が付着するのを防止し、金属を腐食せず、低臭気で且つ周囲の環境に悪影響を及ぼさず、更に斜面や側面、下面に塗布しても優れた持続性を有し、塗布時の無駄を抑え、塗布作業に必要な強度を兼ね備えた防霜剤を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention prevents frost or ice from adhering to metal surfaces such as automobiles, ships, railways, overhead wires, heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, does not corrode metals, has low odor, and is surrounded by To provide a defrosting agent that does not adversely affect the environment of the product, has excellent durability even when applied to slopes, side surfaces, and lower surfaces, suppresses waste during application, and has the strength required for application work. With the goal.
本発明は、特定の多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルを配合することにより、多価アルコールとワックス成分との分離等を起こさない硬質な固形状組成物が得られ、更に優れた防霜効果を有することを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 According to the present invention, by blending a specific polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester, a hard solid composition that does not cause separation of the polyhydric alcohol and the wax component is obtained, and further has an excellent defrosting effect. The headline and the present invention have been completed.
すなわち本発明は、
（１）（ａ）多価アルコール１０〜６０重量部及び（ｂ）多価アルコール脂肪酸エステル９０〜４０重量部からなる基材１００重量部に対して、（ｃ）ワックス成分を５〜６０重量部配合することにより得られる防霜効果を有する固形状組成物、
（２）（ａ）多価アルコールがグリセリンまたはポリグリセリン（平均重合度２〜１０）である上記（１）記載の固形状組成物、
（３）脂肪酸炭素数が１２〜２２の飽和脂肪酸を用いた（ｂ）多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルを１種又は２種以上配合してなる上記（１）又は（２）記載の固形状組成物、
（４）デュロメーター硬さ試験におけるショアーＡ硬度が１０〜７０である上記（１）〜（３）何れかに記載の固形状組成物
を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention
(1) (c) 5 to 60 parts by weight of the wax component with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material consisting of 10 to 60 parts by weight of polyhydric alcohol and (b) 90 to 40 parts by weight of polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester A solid composition having a defrosting effect obtained by blending,
(2) (a) The solid composition according to the above (1), wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerin or polyglycerin (average polymerization degree 2 to 10),
(3) The solid composition according to (1) or (2) above, wherein (b) a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester using a saturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 fatty acid carbon atoms is blended.
(4) The solid composition according to any one of the above (1) to (3), which has a Shore A hardness of 10 to 70 in a durometer hardness test.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられる多価アルコール及び多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルは、天然ワックスを配合した固形状組成物においても臭気、金属腐食性は殆どなく、電気伝導性が低いため、幅広い用途に使用することができる。又、固形状であることから、塗布時の無駄が少なく経済性が高い。したがって、作業上固形が望まれる若しくは固形であっても無機塩等が嫌われる被着物、例えば、自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線などの構造物側面及び下面、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンの側面などに対し、防霜対策の塗布型製剤としての使用可能性がある。 The polyhydric alcohol and polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester used in the solid polyhydric alcohol-based composition of the present invention have little odor and metal corrosiveness even in a solid composition blended with natural wax, and have low electrical conductivity. Therefore, it can be used for a wide range of applications. Moreover, since it is solid, there is little waste at the time of application and it is economical. Therefore, adherends that are desired to be solid for work or that do not like inorganic salts even when they are solid, such as automobiles, ships, railroads, overhead lines, etc., and heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers. There is a possibility that it can be used as a coating-type preparation for anti-frost measures.
以下に本発明を詳細にする。 The present invention is described in detail below.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられる多価アルコールは、（ポリ）エチレングリコール、（ポリ）プロピレングリコール、（ポリ）グリセリンなどが挙げられる。組成物の調製の容易さ、経済面、環境面、安全面などから天然物から得られる非合成系グリセリン、又はそれから合成されるポリグリセリンが望ましく、具体的にはグリセリン、ジグリセリン、トリグリセリン、テトラグリセリン、ヘキサグリセリン、デカグリセリンなどが挙げられ、単独又は２種以上を併用することができる。 Examples of the polyhydric alcohol used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention include (poly) ethylene glycol, (poly) propylene glycol, and (poly) glycerin. Non-synthetic glycerin obtained from natural products or polyglycerin synthesized therefrom is desirable from the viewpoint of ease of preparation of the composition, economic aspect, environmental aspect, safety aspect, etc., specifically glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, Tetraglycerin, hexaglycerin, decaglycerin and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられる多価アルコールの配合量は、１０〜６０重量部の範囲であり、好ましくは１５〜４０重量部、より好ましくは２０〜３５重量部である。多価アルコール配合量が１０重量部未満では、固形状防霜剤とした際に防霜効果が劣る傾向となり、６０重量部を超える場合では、固形状防霜剤とした際に分離を起こしやすい、又は硬さが不充分となる為、この範囲が好ましい。 The blending amount of the polyhydric alcohol used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention is in the range of 10 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 35 parts by weight. . When the amount of polyhydric alcohol is less than 10 parts by weight, the defrosting effect tends to be inferior when the solid defrosting agent is used. When the amount exceeds 60 parts by weight, separation tends to occur when the solid defrosting agent is used. Or, since the hardness is insufficient, this range is preferable.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられる多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルは、多価アルコールとワックス成分との分離を抑制し、さらに固形状防霜剤を側面などに塗布する際に、固形状防霜剤の効果を持続させることを目的として配合するものである。
本発明に用いることができる多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルは、アルコールの価数が２価以上の多価アルコールと脂肪酸とのエステルである。又、脂肪酸は炭素数１２〜２２の飽和脂肪酸が好ましい。該エステルのＨＬＢ値は、４〜１７であることが好ましく、より好ましくは９〜１６である。ＨＬＢ値が４未満のものは、多価アルコールとの相溶性が悪化してしまう為、固形状防霜剤とした際に分離を起こしやすい、或いは硬さが不充分となり、更に、防霜効果が劣る傾向となり好ましくない。又、ＨＬＢ値が１６を超えるものは、多価アルコールとの相溶性は良いが、ワックス成分を充分に相溶化できない為、固形状防霜剤とした際に分離を起こしやすい、或いは硬さが不充分となり好ましくない。ここで言う、ＨＬＢ値はGriffin（W.C.Griffin:J.Soc.Cosmetic Chemists，33，1180（1960））のＨＬＢの概念によって定めるものである。本発明の多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルの原料アルコールである２価以上の多価アルコールとしては、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ポリグリセリン、ソルビトール、エリスリトールなどが挙げられる。これらについて特に限定は無いが、環境面を考慮し、本発明では天然物等から得られる多価アルコールを用いることが好ましく、また、アルコールは環状、分岐状などいずれでも使用できるが、分岐状のアルコールが好ましい。このような多価アルコールとしては、グリセリン、ポリグリセリン、ソルビトール、エリスリトールなどが挙げられる。上記多価アルコールは２種以上の混合物を用いても良い。
The polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention suppresses the separation of the polyhydric alcohol and the wax component, and further, when the solid defrosting agent is applied to the side surface or the like, It is formulated for the purpose of maintaining the effect of the shape defrosting agent.
The polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester that can be used in the present invention is an ester of a polyhydric alcohol having a valence of alcohol of 2 or more and a fatty acid. The fatty acid is preferably a saturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms. It is preferable that the HLB value of this ester is 4-17, More preferably, it is 9-16. When the HLB value is less than 4, the compatibility with the polyhydric alcohol deteriorates. Therefore, when it is used as a solid defrosting agent, it is liable to cause separation, or the hardness becomes insufficient. Tends to be inferior. Those having an HLB value of more than 16 have good compatibility with the polyhydric alcohol, but the wax component cannot be sufficiently compatibilized. Therefore, when it is used as a solid defrosting agent, it tends to cause separation or hardness. This is not preferable because it is insufficient. Here, the HLB value is determined by the concept of HLB of Griffin (WCGriffin: J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists, 33, 1180 (1960)). Examples of the dihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol that is a raw alcohol of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester of the present invention include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, glycerin, polyglycerin, sorbitol, erythritol and the like. Although there is no particular limitation on these, in consideration of the environment, it is preferable to use a polyhydric alcohol obtained from a natural product or the like in the present invention, and the alcohol can be used in any form such as cyclic or branched. Alcohol is preferred. Examples of such polyhydric alcohols include glycerin, polyglycerin, sorbitol, erythritol. A mixture of two or more of the polyhydric alcohols may be used.
また、上記多価アルコールとエステル化できる炭素数１２〜２２の飽和脂肪酸については、特に限定は無いが、環境面を考慮し、本発明では天然の油脂を加水分解して得られた脂肪酸を用いることが好ましい。また脂肪酸は２種以上の混合脂肪酸を用いてもよい。このような脂肪酸としては、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、ベヘン酸などが挙げられ、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸がより好ましい。 In addition, the saturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms that can be esterified with the polyhydric alcohol is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of the environment, the present invention uses a fatty acid obtained by hydrolyzing natural fats and oils. It is preferable. Two or more kinds of mixed fatty acids may be used as the fatty acid. Examples of such fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and behenic acid, and palmitic acid and stearic acid are more preferable.
上記多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルとして、具体的にはポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ポリプロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ペンタエリスリトール脂肪酸エステルなどが挙げられ、中でも、環境面及び安全性の点からポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルがより好ましい。又、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの原料ポリグリセリンの重合度は２以上が好ましく、更にテトラグリセリン、ヘキサグリセリン、デカグリセリンを用いることがより好ましい。上記ポリグリセリンは２種以上の重合度のものを用いても良い。 Specific examples of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester include polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, polypropylene glycol fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and pentaerythritol fatty acid ester. From the viewpoint of properties, polyglycerol fatty acid esters are more preferable. Further, the polymerization degree of the raw material polyglycerol of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is preferably 2 or more, more preferably tetraglycerol, hexaglycerol, or decaglycerol. The polyglycerin may have two or more polymerization degrees.
また、上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは部分エステルであることが好ましく、上述のＨＬＢ値に該当する部分エステルであることがより好ましい。本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの具体例としては、テトラグリセリンモノパルミテート、テトラグリセリンモノステアレート、テトラグリセリンジパルミテート、テトラグリセリンジステアレート、ヘキサグリセリンモノパルミテート、ヘキサグリセリンジパルミテート、ヘキサグリセリントリパルミテート、ヘキサグリセリンモノステアレート、ヘキサグリセリンジステアレート、ヘキサグリセリントリステアレート、デカグリセリンモノパルミテート、デカグリセリンジパルミテート、デカグリセリントリパルミテート、デカグリセリンテトラパルミテート、デカグリセリンモノステアレート、デカグリセリンジステアレート、デカグリセリントリステアレート、デカグリセリンテトラステアレートなどが挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。 The polyglycerin fatty acid ester is preferably a partial ester, and more preferably a partial ester corresponding to the above HLB value. Specific examples of the polyglycerin fatty acid ester used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention include tetraglycerin monopalmitate, tetraglycerin monostearate, tetraglycerin dipalmitate, tetraglycerin distearate, hexaglycerin. Monopalmitate, hexaglycerin dipalmitate, hexaglycerin tripalmitate, hexaglycerin monostearate, hexaglycerin distearate, hexaglycerin tristearate, decaglycerin monopalmitate, decaglycerin dipalmitate, decaglycerin tripalmi Tate, decaglycerin tetrapalmitate, decaglycerin monostearate, decaglycerin distearate, decaglycerin tristearate, decaglycerin tetate Although such stearate and the like are not limited thereto.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に用いられるワックス成分は、組成物の硬さを付与することを目的として配合されるものである。本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物に使用できるワックスは、カルナウバワックス、ライスワックス、キャンデリラワックス、木蝋などの植物由来系天然ワックス、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックスなどの石油由来系天然ワックス、蜜蝋、鯨蝋、セラック蝋などの動物由来系天然ワックス、モンタンワックス、オゾケライトなどの鉱物由来系天然ワックスが挙げられる。合成系ワックスであるフィッシャートロプシュワックス、ポリエチレンワックス、油脂系合成ワックス(エステル）、水素化ワックスなども使用できるが、相溶性、硬さのバランスの点でカルナウバワックスがより好ましい。 The wax component used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention is blended for the purpose of imparting the hardness of the composition. The waxes that can be used in the solid polyhydric alcohol composition of the present invention include plant-derived natural waxes such as carnauba wax, rice wax, candelilla wax, and wood wax, and petroleum-derived natural waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax. Animal-derived natural waxes such as beeswax, whale wax and shellac wax, and mineral-derived natural waxes such as montan wax and ozokerite. Synthetic waxes such as Fischer-Tropsch wax, polyethylene wax, oil-based synthetic wax (ester), hydrogenated wax, and the like can be used, but carnauba wax is more preferable in terms of the balance between compatibility and hardness.
本発明の固形状多価アルコール系組成物には、所望により塗布の確認等の目的で顔料又は染料などの着色剤を、劣化を防ぐ目的で酸化防止剤や紫外線吸収剤を、導電性を付与する目的で金属微粒子、金属酸化物、カーボンブラック、カーボンナノチューブなどの導電性材料を添加することができる。 The solid polyhydric alcohol-based composition of the present invention is imparted with conductivity by adding a colorant such as a pigment or a dye for the purpose of confirming coating, if desired, and an antioxidant or an ultraviolet absorber for the purpose of preventing deterioration. For this purpose, conductive materials such as metal fine particles, metal oxides, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes can be added.
（実施例１）
グリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を３３．３重量部、デカグリセリンジステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝１１．２）を６６．７重量部、カルナウバワックスを１１．１重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷し固形状組成物を得た。
Example 1
33.3 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 66.7 parts by weight of decaglycerin distearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd., HLB = 11.2), and 11.1 of carnauba wax. 1 part by weight was weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature to obtain a solid composition.
（実施例２）
グリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を３５．３重量部、デカグリセリンジステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝１１．２）を５．９重量部、デカグリセリントリステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝９．１）を５８．８重量部、カルナウバワックスを１７．６重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷し固形状組成物を得た。
(Example 2)
35.3 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 5.9 parts by weight of decaglycerin distearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., HLB = 11.2), decaglycerin tristearate ( 58.8 parts by weight of Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., HLB = 9.1) and 17.6 parts by weight of carnauba wax were weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature to obtain a solid composition.
（実施例３）
ポリグリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を３３．３重量部、デカグリセリンジステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝１１．２）を６６．７重量部、カルナウバワックスを１１．１重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷し固形状組成物を得た。
(Example 3)
33.3 parts by weight of polyglycerol (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 66.7 parts by weight of decaglycerin distearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd., HLB = 11.2), and 11 of carnauba wax .1 part by weight was weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature to obtain a solid composition.
（比較例１）
グリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を３３．３重量部、テトラグリセリンテトラステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝３．８）を６６．７重量部、カルナウバワックスを１１．１重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷したが固形状組成物を得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 1)
33.3 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 66.7 parts by weight of tetraglycerin tetrastearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., HLB = 3.8), and 11.1 of carnauba wax. 1 part by weight was weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Then, although it stood to cool at room temperature, a solid composition was not obtained.
（比較例２）
グリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を６６．７重量部、デカグリセリンモノステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝１４．５）を３３．３重量部、カルナウバワックスを１１．１重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷し固形状組成物を得た。
(Comparative Example 2)
66.7 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 33.3 parts by weight of decaglycerin monostearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd., HLB = 14.5), and 11.1 of carnauba wax. 1 part by weight was weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature to obtain a solid composition.
（比較例３）
グリセリン（阪本薬品工業(株)製）を８．９重量部、デカグリセリンモノステアレート（阪本薬品工業(株)製、ＨＬＢ＝１４．５）を９１．１重量部、合成系炭化水素ワックス（融点約７０℃）を１１．１重量部秤量し、１１０℃にて撹拌した。その後、室温にて放冷し固形状組成物を得た。
(Comparative Example 3)
8.9 parts by weight of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 91.1 parts by weight of decaglycerin monostearate (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., HLB = 14.5), synthetic hydrocarbon wax ( 11.1 parts by weight of a melting point of about 70 ° C. was weighed and stirred at 110 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature to obtain a solid composition.
（配合物の相溶性）
実施例１及び比較例１で調製した配合組成物を、１１０℃の加熱乾燥器にて２時間静置した。その際の外観状態を下記指標に従い評価した。
◎・・・透明均一。
○・・・僅かにくすみがあるが分離せず。
△・・・僅かに分離。
×・・・完全分離。
(Compatibility of the formulation)
The blended compositions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were allowed to stand for 2 hours in a heat dryer at 110 ° C. The appearance state at that time was evaluated according to the following indices.
◎ ・ ・ ・ Transparent and uniform.
○ ・ ・ ・ Slightly dull but not separated.
Δ: Slightly separated.
X: Complete separation.
（放冷後の固形物外観）
実施例１及び比較例１で調製した配合組成物を、放冷した後の固形物の外観状態を下記指標に従い評価した。
◎・・・均一である。
○・・・均一であるが僅かにべたつきがある。
△・・・べたつき或いはブリードがある。
×・・・分離状態。
(Appearance of solid after cooling)
The external appearance state of the solid substance after standing to cool the compounding composition prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was evaluated according to the following index.
A: Uniform.
○: Uniform but slightly sticky.
Δ: There is stickiness or bleeding.
X: separated state.
（防霜効果の評価方法）
ＳＵＳ鋼板、アルミ板に塗布し、−３０℃に設定した冷凍庫の壁に立てかけ静置した。冷凍庫内に静置後、１時間が経過したら、冷凍庫から取り出し、恒温恒湿状態（温度２５℃、湿度約７０％）で３０分間静置した。その後、試験板を再度冷凍庫内にて１０日間静置し、１０日後の氷の付着の有無を確認した。また、１０日目に氷の付着の確認後、再度、同じ操作を繰り返し、試験開始後２０日目に再度氷の付着の有無を確認した。着氷試験の結果を下記のように判定した。
○・・・試験開始２０日後も氷の付着量が少ない。
△・・・試験開始１０日後には氷の付着量が少ないが、２０日後には氷の付着量が多い。
×・・・試験開始１０日後ですでに氷の付着量が多い。
−・・・固形物が得られない為評価できず。
(Evaluation method of defrosting effect)
It apply | coated to the SUS steel plate and the aluminum plate, and stood still on the wall of the freezer set to -30 degreeC. After 1 hour after standing in the freezer, it was taken out from the freezer and allowed to stand in a constant temperature and humidity state (temperature 25 ° C., humidity about 70%) for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the test plate was again left in the freezer for 10 days, and the presence or absence of ice after 10 days was confirmed. In addition, after confirming the adhesion of ice on the 10th day, the same operation was repeated again, and the presence or absence of the adhesion of ice was confirmed again on the 20th day after the test was started. The results of the icing test were determined as follows.
○: Even after 20 days from the start of the test, the amount of ice attached is small.
Δ: The amount of ice attached is small 10 days after the start of the test, but the amount of ice attached is large after 20 days.
X: The amount of ice adhered is already large 10 days after the start of the test.
-... Since a solid substance cannot be obtained, it cannot be evaluated.
（硬さの評価方法）
実施例１〜３、及び比較例１〜３で調製した固形状組成物を、デュロメーター硬さ試験方法（ＪＩＳ Ｋ７２１５）に準じて、デュロメーター硬さ試験機（ＣＬ−１５０：高分子計器(株)製）にてショアーＡ硬度を測定した。固形物が得られない為評価できなかったものは「−」で示した。
(Evaluation method of hardness)
The solid compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a durometer hardness tester (CL-150: Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) according to the durometer hardness test method (JIS K7215). Shore A hardness was measured. Those that could not be evaluated because no solid matter was obtained are indicated by "-".
作業上固形が望まれる若しくは固形であっても無機塩等が嫌われる被着物、例えば、自動車、船舶、鉄道、架線などの側面及び下面、冷蔵庫や冷凍庫内の熱交換器やファンの側面などに対し、防霜対策の塗布型製剤としての使用可能性がある。 For adherends that are desired to be solid for work or that are not solid even if they are solid, such as automobiles, ships, railways, overhead lines, etc., side surfaces of heat exchangers and fans in refrigerators and freezers, etc. On the other hand, it may be used as a coating-type preparation for anti-frost measures.
Claims (4)
The shore A hardness in a durometer hardness test is 10-70, The solid composition in any one of Claims 1-3.
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