JP2007015042A - Grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify a grinding wheel dressing mechanism of a grinding device. <P>SOLUTION: A dressing device is eliminated. Thereafter, a dresser is mounted on a work head spindle in dressing, and a grinding wheel is dressed by rotating the dresser by the work head spindle. That is, both of rotation of a work and rotation of the dresser are carried out by the work head spindle. The dresser is mounted on a head end of a rod member an outer diameter of which is roughly equal to that of the work so as to mount the dresser on the work head spindle instead of the work. The work head spindle can hold the dresser instead of the work by adding this rod member. Additionally, an inner surface grinding device controls rotating speed for machining of the work in machining the work, rotating speed for dressing in dressing the work and rotating speed of the work head spindle as the rotating speed of the work 2 and the rotating speed of the dresser are different from each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding apparatus, for example, an internal grinding apparatus that performs internal grinding of a cylindrical member.

BACKGROUND ART A grinding device is a device that grinds a workpiece (workpiece) with a grindstone, and is often used for processing precision parts because it can process even a hard member with high accuracy.
Among such grinding devices, for example, there is an inner surface grinding device for grinding an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical member such as an inner peripheral surface of an inner ring of a bearing.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the structure of a conventional internal grinding apparatus.
The table 13 moves in the z-axis direction, the table 14 moves in the x-axis direction, and the grindstone spindle 12 is installed on the table 14.

The grindstone spindle 12 can be moved forward by moving the table 13 in the + z direction, and can be moved backward by moving in the −z direction.
Further, the grindstone 8 can be applied to the inner circumferential surface of the work 2 by inserting the grindstone 8 into the inner circumference of the work 2 and moving it in the x direction.

  The inner surface grinding apparatus 1a grinds the inner peripheral surface by rotating the grindstone 8 while contacting the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 2 while rotating the workpiece 2 set on the work head spindle 16 around the axis.

Since the grindstone 8 is worn when the workpiece 2 is processed, the grindstone 8 needs to be dressed occasionally in accordance with the occasional wear.
For this reason, the internal grinding apparatus 1 a includes a dressing device 15 between the work head spindle 16 and the grindstone spindle 12.

The dressing device 15 includes an arm 17, a motor 18 attached to the tip of the arm 17, and a dresser 19 attached to the motor 18.
The arm 17 is configured such that the other end side of the side to which the motor 18 is attached serves as a rotation shaft, and the motor 18 is rotated and moved in the vertical direction.

  When the internal grinding device 1a processes the workpiece 2, the arm 17 is raised to a predetermined position by the ascending rotation so that the advanced grindstone 8 and the dresser 19 do not interfere with each other.

  When dressing is performed (for example, when a predetermined number of workpieces 2 are processed and the counter is counted up), the grindstone spindle 12 is retracted to a predetermined position, and the arm 17 is rotated downward to the vicinity of the workpiece head spindle 16 and stopped. To do.

Then, the dresser 19 is rotated by the motor 18 and applied to the grindstone 8 to move the grindstone 8 forward and backward (traverse), thereby dressing the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 8.
When the dressing is finished, the motor 18 stops and the arm 17 rotates upward to return to the original position.

  As an invention for performing internal grinding in this manner, there is the following “grinding wheel dressing device”.

JP-A-11-277427

  This technique reduces the size of a single dressing device for grinding a plurality of different surfaces of a workpiece, and enables detection of contact of the grinding surface with a simple circuit configuration.

The internal grinding device 1a has a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the device because a space for mounting a dressing device is required between the work head spindle 16 and the grindstone spindle 12.
Further, since the accuracy of the shape of the grindstone 8 after dressing affects the processing accuracy of the workpiece 2, it is necessary to control the rotation accuracy of the motor 18 and the positioning accuracy of the dresser 19 by the vertical movement of the arm 17 with high accuracy. There is also a problem that the device becomes expensive. Furthermore, a cooling / lubricating mechanism for the motor 18 is required, and piping / wiring is also required near the center of the internal grinding device 1a. Therefore, there is a problem that the inside of the apparatus becomes complicated.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to simplify the grindstone dressing mechanism of the grinding apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a holding means for holding an object, a first rotating means for rotating a grinding wheel, and the first holding means when the workpiece is held by the holding means. The grinding wheel rotated by the rotating means is controlled in position for the workpiece, the grinding means for grinding the held workpiece, and the dresser is held by the holding means. A grinding apparatus comprising: dressing means for controlling the position of a grinding wheel rotated by the rotating means for dressing and dressing the rotated grinding wheel (first configuration) .
In the first configuration, the second rotating means for rotating the holding means, the number of rotations of the second rotating means when the workpiece is held by the holding means, and the dressing means by the holding means. A rotation speed switching means for switching between the rotation speeds of the second rotation means when held can also be configured (second configuration).
In the first configuration and the second configuration, the holding unit may be configured to include a dresser attaching / detaching unit that transports and attaches the dresser (third configuration).
In the first configuration, the second configuration, or the third configuration, a counting unit that counts the number of processed workpieces is provided, and the dressing unit has a number of workpieces counted by the counting unit. The grindstone can be dressed every time the predetermined number is reached (fourth configuration).

  According to the present invention, the grindstone dressing mechanism of the grinding apparatus can be simplified.

(1) Outline of Embodiment The dressing device 15 shown in FIG. 8 is removed. Then, the work head spindle 16 clamps the dresser, and the dresser is rotated by the work head spindle 16 to dress the grindstone 8. That is, the work head spindle 16 rotates both the work 2 and the dresser 19.

In order to attach the dresser to the work head spindle 16 instead of the work, the dresser is attached to the tip of a bar member having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the work.
The work head spindle 16 can hold the dresser in place of the work by adding the bar member.

Further, since the rotational speed of the workpiece 2 and the rotational speed of the dresser are different, the internal grinding device controls the rotational speed of the work head spindle 16 to the rotational speed for workpiece processing during workpiece processing and the rotational speed for dressing during dressing. .
The work 2 and the dresser can be attached automatically using a loader device. However, in the case of a model not equipped with a loader device, the operator can perform it manually.

Since the motor for driving the work head spindle 16 can control the number of rotations and the work head spindle 16 is also precise, the work head spindle 16 can be used instead of the dressing device 15 in this way. it can.
Then, by omitting the dressing device and allowing the work head spindle 16 to rotate both the workpiece and the dresser, it is possible to reduce the size of the internal grinding device, reduce the manufacturing cost, and simplify the mechanism.

(2) Details of Embodiment FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a layout of an internal grinding apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The internal grinding machine 1 controls the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the spindle, the movement path (pass) of the grinding wheel, the dressing amount (cutting amount) of the grinding wheel, the number of dressings (number of cuttings), coolant discharge, etc. by numerical control. It consists of NC machine tools that can do.
For this reason, the workpiece can be automatically machined by executing the machining program, and the grindstone 8 can be automatically dressed by executing the dress program.

The internal grinding device 1 includes a work head spindle 16, a motor 23, and a grindstone spindle 12.
The work head spindle 16 (second rotating means) includes a rotating shaft held by a bearing. A work holding portion 31 (work holding means) for holding the work in a detachable manner is formed at the tip of the rotating shaft.

  The workpiece holding unit 31 is configured by a holding mechanism such as a diaphragm chuck, a collet chuck, or a power chuck, for example, and holds the workpiece 2 by holding the outer periphery of the workpiece 2 from three directions with a claw member called a claw.

In the present embodiment, an inner ring of a bearing that is a cylindrical member is used as the work 2, and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing is ground with the grindstone 8.
On the other hand, a pulley 20 is attached to the other end of the rotating shaft of the work head spindle 16.

The motor 23 is disposed such that the rotation shaft is parallel to the rotation shaft of the work head spindle 16, and a pulley 24 is provided at the tip of the rotation shaft.
A belt 22 is hung on the pulley 24 and the pulley 20, and the rotational driving force of the motor 23 is transmitted to the work head spindle 16 via the belt 22.

Therefore, it is possible to drive the motor 23 to rotate the workpiece 2 mounted on the workpiece holding unit 31 around the center line.
The motor 23 is constituted by, for example, an AC servo motor, and can control the rotation direction and the rotation speed with high accuracy by a numerical control program.
Therefore, the motor 23 can set the rotation speed of the work head spindle 16 to the rotation speed when the work 2 is rotated and the rotation speed when the dresser is rotated. As described above, the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 includes the rotation speed switching means.

  In the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the work head spindle 16 using a pulley belt is used. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a built-in structure in which a motor is directly attached to the work head spindle is used. You can also.

  The grindstone spindle 12 (first rotating means) includes a rotating shaft and a motor for driving and rotating the rotating shaft, and is arranged so that the rotating shaft is parallel to the rotating shaft of the work head spindle 16. It is installed.

  At the tip of the rotating shaft of the grindstone spindle 12, a mounting mechanism (grinding wheel mounting means) for mounting and holding a shaft member (sometimes called a quill) of the grindstone 8 is provided. It can be attached to the tip of the rotating shaft.

It is also possible to provide a flow path for supplying coolant (grinding fluid) inside the metal rod.
Further, at the time of workpiece machining and dressing, coolant is supplied to the grindstone 8 from inside or outside the grindstone 8. Thereby, deterioration of the grindstone 8 can be reduced, chips can be discharged, and a cutting portion can be cooled.

For example, the grindstone spindle 12 can rotate at a high speed of about 150,000 revolutions per minute, and can achieve an optimum peripheral speed for the grindstone 8.
The rotation speed and rotation direction of the grindstone spindle 12 can be set by a numerical control program.

  The grindstone 8 is a grindstone with a shaft formed in a cylindrical shape by, for example, hardening abrasive grains to the tip of a highly rigid metal rod (quill). The center line of the metal bar and the grindstone 8 is formed to coincide. The cylindrical surface constituting the outer periphery of the grindstone 8 contacts the inner periphery of the work 2 and grinds it.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, the grindstone 8 is made of CBN (cubic boron nitride), but this does not limit the material of the grindstone 8, and various materials are selected according to the workpiece or the like. can do.

The grindstone spindle 12 is installed on the upper surface of the table 14, and the table 14 is installed on the upper surface of the table 13.
The table 14 is installed to be movable in the x-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the grindstone 8), and the table 13 is installed to be movable in the z-axis direction (main axis direction).
The moving amount and moving speed of these tables are controlled by numerical control.

  The grindstone spindle 12 can move in the zx plane by moving the table 14 and the table 13.

As a result, the grindstone 8 can be moved in the zx plane, and the internal grinding device 1 inserts the grindstone 8 into the work 2 while rotating the work 2 and the grindstone 8 and applies the grindstone 8 to the inner surface of the work 2. Thus, grinding can be performed over the entire inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 2.
As described above, the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 includes grinding means for grinding the workpiece 2 by controlling the position of the grindstone 8 for grinding.

Further, by moving the grindstone 8 in the zx plane, the internal grinding device 1 can apply the cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8 to the dresser while rotating the grindstone 8 and the dresser, thereby dressing the cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8. be able to.
As described above, the internal grinding device 1 includes dressing means for dressing the grindstone 8 by controlling the position of the grindstone 8 for dressing.

  Although not shown, a loader device for supplying the workpiece 2 and the dresser to the workpiece holding portion 31 of the workpiece head spindle 16 is installed above the workpiece head spindle 16. The loader device will be described later.

While the loader device is performing an attaching operation for attaching the workpiece 2 or the dresser to the workpiece holding unit 31 or an detaching operation for removing the workpiece 2 or the dresser, the grinding wheel spindle 12 moves in the −z direction, and the grinding wheel 8 moves backward and stands by.
When processing the workpiece 2 or dressing the dresser, the grindstone spindle 12 moves in the + z direction, and the grindstone 8 moves forward.

As described above, the internal grinding device 1 does not need to include the dressing device 15 shown in FIG. 8 because the work holding unit 31 holds the dresser during dressing.
As a result, the distance between the work head spindle 16 and the grindstone spindle 12 can be reduced, and the distance in the Z-axis direction of the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 can be reduced by D%, as indicated by reference numeral D in the figure. D is, for example, about 5%.

Next, the work holding unit 31 will be described.
FIG. 2 shows the work 2 being held by the work holding unit 31. The work holding unit 31 includes three claw members 32a and 32b that are concentrically provided at equal intervals, and 32c (not shown). Hereinafter, these claw members are simply referred to as claw members 32.

The work holding unit 31 includes a mechanism for opening and closing the claw member 32 in the radial direction about the center line (rotation axis) of the work holding unit 31.
By this mechanism, the work holding unit 31 adds the outer periphery of a cylindrical object (work 2 or the like) by the claw member 32, and the center line of the object and the center line of the work holding unit 31 (that is, the work head spindle 16). The object can be held such that the center lines match.
The claw member 32 can be opened and closed automatically by a numerical control program.

The work holding unit 31 opens the claw member 32 and receives the supply of the work 2 from the loader device, and then closes and holds the claw member 32.
When the processing of the workpiece 2 is completed, the workpiece holding unit 31 opens the claw member 32 and releases the workpiece 2.

The inner peripheral surface 33 of the workpiece 2 can be ground by rotating the workpiece 2 held in this way and inserting and rotating the rotating grindstone 8 on the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 2.
During grinding, the grinding stone 8 is moved back and forth in the z-axis direction with the cylindrical surface of the grinding stone 8 applied to the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece 2 (traverse), thereby increasing the processing accuracy of the inner circumferential surface 33. it can.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing the appearance of the dresser member used in the present embodiment. FIG. 3A shows the dresser member 35 viewed from a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and FIG. 3B shows the dresser member 35 viewed in the rotation axis direction (arrow A direction). Is shown.

The dresser member 35 includes a rod member 36 having a cylindrical shape, a dresser 19 having a disk shape, and the like.
The rod member 36 is made of, for example, a metal material such as iron, aluminum, and stainless steel, and the outer diameter of the rod member 36 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the workpiece 2.
For this reason, the work holding part 31 can hold the bar member 36 instead of the work 2.

  A cylindrical portion 37 is formed at the tip of the rod member 36 so as to be concentric with the rod member 36 and smaller in diameter than the outer diameter of the rod member 36. A male screw for fastening the female screw 38 is formed at the tip of the cylindrical portion 37.

The dresser 19 is composed of a disk member made of a metal material such as iron, aluminum, or stainless steel.
At the center of the dresser 19, a through hole that engages with the cylindrical portion 37 is provided on the center line so that it can be inserted into the cylindrical portion 37 with a predetermined fit tolerance.

  A slope portion is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the dresser 19 so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the dresser 19. And the cutting blades 25, 25, 25, ... are arrange | positioned at the outer peripheral part of the slope part.

  The cutting edges 25 are made of, for example, diamond grains having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a plurality of cutting edges 25 are arranged on the outer periphery of the dresser 19 so as to be concentric with the central axis. In the present embodiment, 24 cutting blades 25 are arranged at equal intervals.

  Further, the cutting edge 25 protrudes perpendicularly to the central axis of the disk member 27, and the tip of the exposed portion dresses the cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8 as will be described later.

  Note that dressing is an operation of removing the surface of the grindstone whose grinding ability has been reduced by dropping off the abrasive grains, clogging or clogging the grindstone, and regenerating the state of the abrasive grains on the grindstone surface. The dressing process is also called dressing.

  The forming operation for correcting the grinding wheel grinding surface and correcting the runout with respect to the rotation axis is called truing. However, since both are processes for grinding the surface of the grinding wheel 8, the dress of the present embodiment also includes the concept of truing. Will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the grindstone 8 is dressed by the dresser 19, but this is not limited to the dresser 19 for dressing the grindstone 8, and various kinds of dressers can be used as long as the cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8 can be dressed. A form of dresser can be used.

  By attaching the dresser 19 configured in this way to the column portion 37 of the rod member 36 and screwing the female screw 38 into the male screw at the tip of the column portion 37, the dresser 19 can be pressed against the rod member 36 and fixed.

  Further, in order to prevent the dresser 19 and the rod member 36 from shifting in the rotational direction, for example, a convex portion extending in the axial direction is formed in the cylindrical portion 37, and a concave portion extending in the axial direction is formed in the through hole of the dresser 19, It can also comprise so that these may be fitted.

Next, the mechanism of the loader device will be described with reference to FIG.
The loader device 40 is provided on the upper part of the work head spindle 16 (FIG. 1), and supplies the work 2 and the dresser member 35 to the work holding unit 31.
The loader device 40 includes an arm rotation motor 43, a supply arm 41, a recovery arm 42, and the like.

The tips of the supply arm 41 and the recovery arm 42 are provided with, for example, a mechanical mechanism that holds a cylindrical member, or a mechanism that sucks and sucks air with air.
With these mechanisms, the supply arm 41 and the recovery arm 42 can grasp and release the workpiece 2 and the rod member 36 of the dresser member 35.

The supply arm 41 is an arm that supplies the workpiece 2 to the workpiece holder 31, and the recovery arm 42 is an arm that recovers the processed workpiece 2 from the workpiece holder 31.
The supply arm 41 and the recovery arm 42 are moved up and down together by the rotation of the arm rotation motor 43.

When supplying and collecting the workpiece 2, the loader device 40 operates as follows.
First, the workpiece 2 is held on the supply arm 41, and the recovery arm 42 is not held at all. On the other hand, the workpiece holding unit 31 is in a state of holding the workpiece 2 after processing.

In this state, the arm rotation motor 43 rotates until the recovery arm 42 is lowered to the position of the work holding unit 31. At this time, the supply arm 41 moves down with the recovery arm 42 while holding the unprocessed workpiece 2.
Next, the workpiece holding unit 31 releases the processed workpiece 2 and the collection arm 42 receives and grasps it.

Next, the arm rotation motor 43 further rotates and lowers the supply arm 41 to the position of the work holding unit 31.
Then, the supply arm 41 releases the work 2, while the work holding unit 31 receives and holds it.
In this way, the processed workpiece 2 is removed from the workpiece holder 31 and the unprocessed workpiece 2 is set.

  When the workpiece 2 is set in the workpiece holding unit 31, the arm rotation motor 43 rotates in the reverse direction, and the supply arm 41 and the recovery arm 42 are raised to their original positions. Then, the collection arm 42 releases the processed workpiece 2 that is being held.

The processed workpiece 2 released by the recovery arm 42 rolls along a route (not shown) and is sent to the recovery area of the workpiece 2.
On the other hand, the next unprocessed workpiece 2 is supplied to the supply arm 41 by rolling from the storage area of the workpiece 2 through a path (not shown), and the supply arm 41 grasps this.

  By attaching / detaching the workpiece 2 to / from the workpiece holder 31 using the loader device 40 as described above, a large number of workpieces 2 can be processed automatically and continuously.

Further, the internal grinding device 1 counts the number of times the workpiece 2 is processed, and executes the dressing routine of the grindstone 8 when the predetermined number of times is reached.
The dresser member 35 is stored at a position different from that of the workpiece 2. When the dressing routine is executed, the arm rotation motor 43 moves the supply arm 41 to the storage position of the dresser member 35, and the supply arm 41 is moved to the dresser member. Grab 35.

Then, the arm rotation motor 43 rotates to lower the supply arm 41 to the position of the work holding unit 31, and the work holding unit 31 mounts the dresser member 35.
When the mounting of the dresser member 35 is completed, the arm rotation motor 43 rotates in the reverse direction to raise the supply arm 41 and the collection arm 42 and waits until the dress is completed.

When the dressing is completed, the arm rotation motor 43 rotates and the recovery arm 42 descends to the position of the work holding unit 31, and the recovery arm 42 receives the dresser member 35 from the work holding unit 31. The dresser member 35 may be collected by the supply arm 41.
Next, the arm rotation motor 43 reversely rotates to raise the collection arm 42 and return the dresser member 35 to its original position.

As described above, the loader device 40 can set the dresser member 35 on the work holding unit 31 during dressing, and can recover the dresser member 35 from the work holding unit 31 when the dressing is completed.
The loader device 40 constitutes a dresser attaching / detaching means for transporting and attaching the dresser member 35 to the work holding unit 31.

FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a state in the vicinity of the workpiece holding unit 31 when the workpiece 2 is processed.
As shown in the figure, when machining the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 is mounted on the workpiece holder 31, and the grindstone 8 advances to grind the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 2. At this time, the work head spindle 16 rotates the work 2 around the center line at the work rotation speed.

FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a state when the workpiece 2 is dressed.
As shown in the figure, when dressing the grindstone 8, the dresser member 35 is attached to the work holding portion 31 and is rotated by the work head spindle 16 at the dressing rotational speed.
Then, the grindstone 8 moves forward, the cutting edge 25 comes into contact with the cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8, and the grindstone 8 is moved forward and backward to dress the entire cylindrical surface of the grindstone 8.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure in which the internal grinding apparatus 1 performs workpiece processing and dressing a grindstone.
Here, the case where the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 dresses the grindstone 8 every time M workpieces 2 are machined will be described.

  The following processing is performed when a CPU (Central Processing Unit) described later executes a machining program (when machining the workpiece 2) or a dress program (when dressing).

First, the internal grinding device 1 initializes a counter i for counting the number of workpieces 2 to 0 (step 5).
Next, the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 checks whether or not an unprocessed workpiece 2 exists (step 10).
The internal grinding device 1 includes a sensor for detecting a workpiece in a supply arm 41, a storage area of the workpiece 2 or the like, and confirms whether or not the workpiece 2 is present by the output of these sensors. .

When there is no unprocessed workpiece 2 (step 10; N), the internal grinding device 1 ends the processing of the workpiece 2.
When there is an unprocessed workpiece 2 (step 10; Y), the inner surface grinding device 1 processes the workpiece 2 (step 15).

The work is performed by the loader device 40 setting the work 2 on the work holding portion 31 and then the grindstone 8 moving forward to grind the inner peripheral surface of the work 2.
When the processing of the workpiece 2 is completed, the loader device 40 collects the processed workpiece 2 from the workpiece holding unit 31.

When the machining of the workpiece 2 is finished, the internal grinding device 1 increments i by adding 1 (step 20).
Next, the internal grinding device 1 determines whether i is less than M (step 25). Thus, the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 includes a counting unit that counts the number of workpieces 2 processed.

  If i is less than M (step 25; Y), since the number of processed workpieces 2 has not reached M, the internal grinding device 1 returns to step 10 and continues to process the next workpiece 2.

If i is not less than M (step 25; N), since the number of processed workpieces 2 has reached M, the internal grinding device 1 dresses the grindstone 8 (step 30).
When the dressing of the grindstone 8 is finished, the internal grinding device 1 returns to step 5.

  As described above, the internal grinding device 1 dresses the grindstone 8 every time a predetermined number of workpieces 2 are machined, so that deterioration of the grindstone 8 due to machining of the workpiece 2 can be reduced, and the machining accuracy of the workpiece 2 is maintained. can do.

  In the internal grinding apparatus 1, the work 2 and the dresser member 35 are automatically supplied to the work holding unit 31 by the loader device 40, but the system in which the dresser 19 is rotated by the work head spindle 16 according to the present embodiment is a so-called method. It can also be applied to a manual type internal grinding device called a hand-held type.

In the case of the manual type, the internal grinding device 1 is not equipped with the loader device 40, and the operator of the internal grinding device 1 manually removes the workpiece 2 from the workpiece holder 31.
The operator attaches the workpiece 2 to the workpiece holder 31 to execute the machining program for the workpiece 2 when machining the workpiece 2, and attaches the dresser member 35 to the workpiece holder 31 to dress the grindstone 8. Execute.

Next, the hardware configuration of the internal grinding device 1 will be described.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of the inner surface grinding apparatus 1.
The internal grinding apparatus 1 includes a CPU 65, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 66, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 67, an input unit 68, a display unit 69, a drive control unit 71, an input / output I / F (interface) 72, and a storage medium drive. Each functional unit such as the unit 73 and the storage unit 74 is connected by a bus line 75.

The CPU 65 performs numerical control of each element constituting the inner surface grinding apparatus 1 such as the table 13, the table 14, the grindstone spindle 12, the motor 23, and the supply of coolant according to the numerical control program.
The CPU 65 also performs various types of information processing in accordance with a predetermined program such as file input / output and acceptance of numerical control program editing.

The ROM 66 is a read-only memory that stores basic programs and data for operating the internal grinding device 1.
The RAM 67 is a readable / writable memory that provides a working area for the CPU 65 to operate.

The input unit 68 is a functional unit for inputting information to the inner surface grinding apparatus 1, and includes an input device such as a keyboard and a touch panel.
The input device includes character keys and numeric keys for inputting numbers, characters, symbols, etc., function keys for designating preset functions, and the like.
By operating the input unit 68, the user can create, call, and edit a numerical control program, and set various parameters that define the operation of the inner surface grinding apparatus 1.

The display unit 69 includes a display device such as a liquid crystal display, a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube) display, or a plasma display, and can display character information and image information.
The user can display the numerical control program on the display unit 69 and edit it, or can display a menu screen prepared in advance and use it to set various parameters.

  The drive control unit 71 is connected to a drive system such as an AC servo motor, for example, and the CPU 65 is connected to the table 13, the table 14, the grindstone spindle 12, the motor 23, the loader device 40, and the coolant via the drive control unit 71. The supply device and the like can be controlled.

The input / output I / F 72 is an interface for connecting the internal grinding device 1 to an external device.
By connecting the internal grinding device 1 to an external device such as a personal computer using the input / output I / F 72, a numerical control program can be transmitted and received between the internal grinding device 1 and the external device.
For this reason, a numerical control program can be prepared externally and input to the internal grinding device 1 from the input / output I / F 72.

The storage medium drive unit 73 is a functional unit that drives the attached removable storage medium and reads and writes numerical control programs and the like.
Examples of the readable / writable storage medium include a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor storage device, and a magnetic tape.
In addition, examples of the read-only storage medium include optical disks such as CD-ROM and paper tape.

The storage unit 74 is a readable / writable storage device configured by, for example, a semiconductor memory or a hard disk.
The storage unit 74 includes a program unit 76 that stores programs and a data unit 77 that stores data.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, the program unit 76 stores an OS (Operating System) 81, a machining program 82, a dress program 83, and other various programs that can be executed by the CPU 65.

The machining program 82 and the dress program 83 are numerical control programs for machining the workpiece 2 and dressing the grindstone 8, respectively.
A plurality of machining programs 82 and dress programs 83 can be stored, and can be managed by a registration ID such as a program number.
When processing or dressing, the target program can be called from the program unit 76 and executed by the CPU 65.

The OS 81 is a program for causing the CPU 65 to perform basic functions for operating the internal grinding device 1 such as file input / output management.
The data unit 77 stores various parameters and coordinate values for operating the internal grinding device 1, an operation history 86 of the internal grinding device 1, and the like.

As described above, in this embodiment, the dresser between the spindle and the grindstone spindle is eliminated, and when the dress is necessary, the dresser is added to the spindle and the spindle is rotated to perform dressing.
That is, when dressing, the spindle adds the dresser, and after the dressing is finished, the dresser is removed and the workpiece is clamped for machining.

At the end of dressing, the dresser was removed from the spindle and the workpiece was machined.
The loader is attached to and detached from the spindle with a machine with an autoloader, but if there is no autoloader, the operator must do it manually.

The following effects can be obtained by the present embodiment described above.
(1) By omitting the dressing device, the manufacturing cost of the internal grinding device 1 can be reduced.
(2) By omitting the dressing device, the distance between the work head spindle 16 and the grindstone spindle 12 can be shortened, whereby the internal grinding device 1 can be downsized.
(3) By omitting the dressing device, the mechanism, piping, and wiring near the center of the inner surface grinding device 1 can be omitted, and the structure of the inner surface grinding device 1 can be simplified.

  In the present embodiment, the inner surface grinding device 1 has been described as an example. However, this is not limited to the application to the inner surface grinding device, and various types of dresser devices are provided between the workpiece and the grindstone. It can be applied to machine tools.

  Further, the workpiece is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and can be applied to, for example, a columnar shape whose outer peripheral surface is ground.

It is the top view which showed the layout of the internal grinding apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the place where the workpiece | work is hold | maintained at the workpiece holding part. It is the figure which showed the external appearance of the dresser member used by this Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of a loader apparatus. It is the figure which showed the state of the workpiece | work holding | maintenance part vicinity at the time of workpiece | work processing and a grindstone dress. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure in which an internal grinding apparatus processes a workpiece | work and dresses a grindstone. It is the block diagram which showed an example of the hardware structure of an internal grinding apparatus. It is the top view which showed the layout of the conventional internal grinding apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal grinding apparatus 2 Work piece 8 Grinding wheel 12 Grinding wheel spindle 13 Table 14 Table 16 Work head spindle 19 Dresser 20 Pulley 22 Belt 23 Motor 24 Pulley 31 Work holding part 32 Claw member 35 Dresser member

Claims (4)

Holding means for holding an object;
First rotating means for rotating the grinding wheel;
When holding the workpiece by the holding means, the grinding means for grinding the held workpiece by controlling the position of the grinding wheel rotated by the first rotating means for the workpiece. When,
Dressing means for dressing the rotated grinding wheel by controlling the position of the grinding wheel rotated by the first rotating means for dressing when holding the dresser by the holding means;
A grinding apparatus comprising: Second rotating means for rotating the holding means;
Switching between the rotation speed of the second rotation means when the workpiece is held by the holding means and the rotation speed of the second rotation means when the dresser is held by the holding means. Rotation speed switching means;
The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a dresser attaching / detaching unit that conveys and attaches the dresser to and from the holding unit. Comprising a counting means for counting the number of processed workpieces;
4. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dressing means dresses the grindstone every time the number of workpieces counted by the counting means reaches a predetermined number. .

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