JP2007014305A - Protective fence and method for protecting submarine organism - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective fence having a simple structure, excellent in handleability, when installed or removed, and capable of protecting a submarine organism growing in a protecting region from a submarine inhabitant preying on the submarine organism at a low cost more effectively than ever, and to provide a method for protecting the submarine organism using the protective fence. <P>SOLUTION: This protective fence 1 has a fence main body 2 which is made to stood up and with which the periphery of a protecting region G of seaweed S is enclosed and a climb-over inhibitory body 3 which is mounted on an upper part of the fence main body 2, wherein the climb-over inhibitory body 3 is formed into a shape of an eave which outward extends from the fence main body 2 by being inclined. Thus, the periphery of the region G is enclosed with the seaweed protective fence 1, so that the seaweed S in the protecting region G is protected, by inhibiting a sea urchin which moves on the seabed and preys on the seaweed from invading the region G. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention prevents a marine organism from moving into the protected area for protecting the marine organisms that grow on the seabed, thereby preventing the invasion of the marine organisms that prey on the marine organisms. The present invention relates to a protective fence for protecting against damage caused by seawater and a method for protecting marine organisms using the fence.

Conventionally, various protection fences for fisheries have been proposed for protecting marine organisms grown on the seabed such as seaweeds and shellfish from food damage.
For example, in order to protect seaweeds from the damage caused by sea urchins such as sea urchins, a flexible net that has been wound and formed into a rod-like shape tied to a heavy chain (Patent Document 1), a strip There exists a thing (patent document 2) which pinched the shape-like foam between the twisted yarns, formed the molding body, and attached this around the artificial alga reef.
However, there is still no structure that has a simple structure, is excellent in handling at the time of installation or removal, and can obtain a sufficient effect at low cost.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-4808 JP 2003-250368 A

  The technical problem of the present invention is that the structure is simple and excellent in handleability at the time of installation or removal, etc., and marine organisms that grow in the protected area can be obtained at a low cost from the marine organisms that prey on the marine organisms. It is providing the protection fence which can be protected more effectively in the sea, and the protection method of a submarine organism using the protection fence.

  In order to solve such a technical problem, the protective fence according to the present invention includes a submarine habitat that moves the seabed and prey on the seabed organisms in a protected area for protecting the seabed organisms that grow on the seabed. A protective fence for preventing intrusion, the fence main body being erected so as to surround the entire periphery of the protection area, and provided along the upper portion of the fence main body, and A climbing prevention body for preventing the climbing over the fence, and the climbing prevention body is formed in a hook shape extending outward from the protection area at a predetermined angle with the fence body. It is characterized by.

  As described above, the protective fence according to the present invention is composed of a fence main body that is erected so as to surround the entire periphery of the protective area, and a hook-shaped climbing prevention body that is provided along the upper portion of the fence main body. In addition, since it has a relatively simple structure, it can be installed at a low cost, and it is easy to handle at the time of installation or removal. In addition, the boarding prevention body is formed in a bowl shape extending outwardly at a predetermined angle with the fence body, and prevents the seafloor inhabiting the path of the seabed habitation animal climbing up the fence body. It is possible to effectively prevent a habitat from climbing over the protective fence and entering the protected area to prey on the marine organisms to be protected.

  Here, in the protective fence according to the present invention, it is desirable that the predetermined angle is an acute angle, and particularly when the predetermined angle is about 30 degrees, the most effective prevention of the marine inhabited animals from entering the protected area. Can do.

Further, in the protective fence according to the present invention, when the climbing prevention body is provided with a plurality of projecting portions projecting outward from the protected area at the tip thereof, the submarine habitat is placed in the protected area. It is preferable because it can more effectively prevent intrusion.
In addition, if the above-mentioned climbing prevention body is formed of any one of a metal mesh, a metal perforated plate, and a metal flat plate, even if the protective fence is damaged in the future, floating matter will be generated and There is no risk of obstructing traffic or polluting the sea.

  Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the protective fence according to the present invention, a plurality of bases installed on the seabed, a support fixed on each of these bases, and a floor provided on these supports, The above-mentioned protection area is formed on the above-mentioned floor, and the above-mentioned fence body is erected.

  In order to solve the above technical problem, a method for protecting a marine organism according to the present invention is the protection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the entire periphery of a protected area for protecting a marine organism that grows on the sea floor is protected. Protecting the marine organisms in the protected area from the marine inhabitants by preventing the marine resident animals that move on the seabed and prey on the marine organisms from entering the protected area by surrounding with a fence It is characterized by that.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the structure is simple and the handling property at the time of installation and removal is excellent, and the seabed is moved into the protection area for protecting the seabed organisms growing on the seabed. It is possible to provide a protective fence that can more effectively prevent the invasion of submarine habitats that prey on submarine organisms at low cost, and a method for protecting submarine organisms using the same.

  FIGS. 1 to 3 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the whole thereof, FIG. 2 is a partially omitted AA section of FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion X in FIG.

The protective fence 1 according to the first embodiment includes a sea urchin, a starfish, and the like that move the seabed and prey on the seabed organism S in a protected area G for protecting the seabed organisms S such as seaweed and shellfish that grow on the seabed. 1 is installed on the seabed so as to surround the entire periphery of the protected area G, as shown in FIG.
The protective fence 1 is effective in protecting various marine organisms S as protected objects that grow in the protected area G from various marine terrestrial animals U as repelling targets that prey on the marine organisms S. However, in order to protect seaweeds such as seaweed and kombu from sea urchins that prey on the seaweeds, here, seaweeds are the seabed organisms S that are the protection targets, and sea urchins are the repelling targets. The case of the submarine zoo animal U will be described in detail as an example.

  The seaweed protective fence 1 is provided along a fence body 2 standing on the sea floor so as to surround the entire periphery of the seaweed protection area G, and a sea urchin U is provided on the fence 1. And the climbing prevention body 3 for preventing the seaweed protection region G from entering the seaweed protection region G, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.

The fence body 2 has a length in the circumferential direction that is longer than the height, and is erected in a rectangular shape so as to surround the region G and is large enough to prevent the sea urchin U from passing therethrough. The first metal mesh 11 having a mesh of is formed by being stretched between a plurality of mounting poles 12 provided at predetermined intervals (provided at four corners of a rectangle in this embodiment) (see FIG. 3). ). And the lower end part is fixed to the seabed by an appropriate fixing means so that the sea urchin U does not enter the region G from the gap with the seabed and the seaweed protective fence 1 is not easily moved by the sea current. Yes.
Here, the first wire mesh 11 is formed in a lattice shape by fixing a plurality of first wire rods 11a parallel to each other and a plurality of second wire rods 11b parallel to each other so as to cross each other. Is formed.

The boarding prevention body 3 is provided along the upper end portion of the fence body 2 and is formed in a bowl-like shape extending at an angle α with the fence body 2 and inclined toward the outside of the seaweed protection region G. Are connected along the upper edge of the first wire mesh 11, and have a second wire mesh 13 having a mesh size similar to that of the first wire mesh 11, and the upper end of the mounting pole 12. Each frame is composed of a plurality of frame bodies 14 that are connected and support the second wire mesh 13 by stretching (see FIG. 3).
Here, the second wire mesh 13 includes a large number of third wire rods 13a arranged parallel to each other and facing the outside of the region G, and the third wire rods 13a parallel to each other. It is formed in a lattice shape from a large number of fourth wire members 13b fixed to cross each other.

  The sea urchin U has a property of preferring a narrow gap, and because of the structure of the body, the body can be reversed and transferred from one surface to the other between the two surfaces forming the narrow gap. Can not. Therefore, it is desirable that the angle α is an acute angle, and according to the experiment results using the sea urchin by the applicant, the sea urchin U can be avoided most efficiently when the inclination angle α is about 30 degrees, In other words, the sea urchin U climbing on the fence body 2 enters the wedge-shaped gap 15 formed by the fence body 2 and the climbing prevention body 3, and one of the sea urchins U from the fence body 2 is the climbing prevention body 3. It was confirmed that the seaweed protection fence 1 could not be overcome.

The main dimensions of the seaweed protection fence 1 used in this experiment are as follows: the height L1 of the fence body 2 is about 700 mm, the length L2 of the overpass prevention body 3 is about 410 mm, and each wire rod forming the first wire net 11 is used. When the pitch P1 of 11a and 11b and the pitch P2 of each wire 13a and 13b forming the second wire mesh 13 are about 15 mm and the inclination angle α is about 30 degrees, The distance between the fence body 2, that is, the opening width W of the wedge-shaped gap 15 formed between the climbing prevention body 3 and the fence body 2 is about 210 mm, and the climbing prevention body 3 from the lower end position of the fence body 2. The height H to the tip position was about 345 mm.
However, the dimensions of the seaweed protective fence 1 are not limited to the specific dimensions in the experiment, and as in the experiment, the opening width W of the wedge-shaped gap 15 and the overpass prevention body 3 are not limited. It is possible to appropriately adopt various dimensions such that the height H of the tip position is in a numerical range that does not reach the suction cup of the type of sea urchin U to be repelled.

  In addition, sea urchin U moves using its suction cup, but its suction force is weak, and when climbing on a surface with a steep angle such as a vertical plane, it is easy to fall due to wave force or its own weight, etc. If it is inclined further outward than the vertical plane, it becomes easier to fall. Therefore, even if the angle α is an obtuse angle or a right angle and the sea urchin U climbing on the fence main body 2 can transfer to the boarding prevention body 3, the sea urchin U can get over the seaweed protective fence 1. It can be effectively prevented.

  As described above, the seaweed protection fence 1 includes a fence main body 2 that stands up to surround the entire periphery of the seaweed protection region G, and a hook-shaped climbing prevention body 3 provided along the upper end of the fence main body 2. Since it has a relatively simple structure, it can be installed at low cost, and is easy to handle at the time of installation or removal. Further, the overpass prevention body 3 is formed in a bowl shape extending outward with a predetermined angle α with the fence body 2, and prevents the sea urchin U climbing along the fence body 2. It is possible to effectively prevent the sea urchin U from getting over the seaweed protective fence 1 and entering the seaweed protection region G to prey on the seaweed S.

  In the first embodiment, the first wire mesh 11 is stretched between the plurality of mounting poles 11 and the second wire mesh 13 is stretched between the plurality of frames 14. If the wire mesh 11 and the second wire mesh 13 have sufficient rigidity, the mounting pole 11 and the skeleton 14 are not necessarily provided. The first wire mesh 11 itself is used as the fence body 2, and It is also possible to use the two wire meshes 13 themselves as the boarding prevention body 3. Moreover, although the 1st metal mesh 11 and the 2nd metal mesh 13 were made into the different body, you may form with the integral metal mesh bent outward at the upper end of the fence main body 2. FIG. Further, the first wire mesh 11 and the second wire mesh 13 are formed in a lattice shape by fixing the wire rods 11a, 11b, 13a, 13b arranged so as to cross each other. It is not limited, and any metal mesh such as a woven wire mesh or an expanded metal may be used.

Such a protective fence 1 is used for aquaculture of seaweed S, for example.
Therefore, the action of the seaweed S as an example will be described, and the action thereof will be described, and a method for protecting the seaweed S as the seabed organism from the sea urchin U as the seafloor habitat will be described.
The seaweed protective fence 1 is installed so as to surround the entire periphery of the seaweed protection region G that is appropriately determined in size in a sea area suitable for the growth of the seaweed S.
Inside the region G, a rock R in which the spores of the seaweed S are planted on the surface or a rock R in which young seedlings of the sprouted seaweed S are grown (the rock R is omitted in FIG. 2). ).

If left in this state, the seaweed S grows naturally and thrives as mature seaweed S.
Even if sea urchin U that prey on the young shoots of seaweed S from outside the region G in this growth process climbs up the fence body 2 to invade the growing seaweed S, it will prevent overpass The path is blocked by 3 and cannot get over the fence 1 and enter the region G.
Therefore, the seaweed S in the region G can be protected from the sea urchin U damage.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
FIG. 4 (a) shows a part of the overpassing prevention body 3A of the protective fence 1 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 (b) shows a BB cross section of FIG. 4 (a).
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the structure of the climbing prevention body.
Therefore, here, in order to avoid duplication of explanation, only the different crossover prevention body 3A will be described, and the same structural parts as those of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the specific configuration and operation will be described. A description of effects, usage, etc. is omitted.

In the overpass prevention body 3A, the third wire 13a is arranged at a substantially right angle with the upper end edge of the fence body 2 and toward the outside of the protection region G, and the fourth wire 13b is connected to the upper end edge of the fence body 2. They are arranged in parallel. Then, at the tip of the overpass prevention body 3A, the tip of the third wire 13a protrudes outward from the protection region G as a protrusion 13c.
This protrusion 13c makes it more difficult for the sea urchin U to get over the seaweed protective fence 1. In addition, about 30 mm is suitable for the protrusion length of this front-end | tip part 13c.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).
Fig.5 (a) shows a part of boarding prevention body 3B of the protection fence 1 of 3rd Example, FIG.5 (b) shows CC cross section of Fig.5 (a).
The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the structure of the climbing prevention body.
Therefore, here, in order to avoid duplication of description, only the different crossover prevention body 3B will be described, and the same structural parts as those of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the specific configuration and operation will be described. A description of effects, usage, etc. is omitted.

The climbing prevention body 3B is formed of a perforated plate in which a large number of rectangular long holes 17c are formed by cutting and projecting a large number of small protruding pieces 17d toward one surface side of the metal plate. .
The overpass prevention body 3B includes a porous portion 17a that forms a hook-like portion and is formed with the rectangular long hole 17c, and a flat plate portion 17b that is fixed to the fence body 2 and is porous. It is bent between the portion 17a and the flat plate portion 17b, and is attached so as to cover the upper end portion of the fence body 2.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the porous portion 17a is provided with a plurality of rectangular long holes 17c that are long in the lateral direction at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the crossing prevention body 3B, and in the inclined direction. Multiple stages are provided. In addition, the square long holes 17c of each step are arranged in a staggered pattern shifted from the next step by half the lateral length of the hole. As shown in FIG. 5B, a small projecting piece 17d is formed on the back surface of the rectangular long hole 17c from the lateral side of the rectangular long hole 17c toward the lower surface side of the climbing prevention body 3B. It has been cut up.

  The pitch in the inclination direction of the rectangular long holes 17c is about 20 mm, and the length in the vertical direction along the inclination in each of the long holes 17c, that is, the height of the cut small protrusion 17d is about 15 mm. It is. And the fence main body 2 may also be formed of a porous plate similar to the boarding prevention body 3B. Further, the small projecting piece 17d may be a mixture of a metal plate cut and raised toward one and the other side of the metal plate. Further, the perforated plate is not limited to a plate obtained by cutting and raising a large number of small protrusions 17d in a metal plate as in the third embodiment, and a metal plate such as a punching metal. For example, a large number of holes of various shapes may be punched out.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the same part as in FIG. 2 in the protective fence 1 of the fourth embodiment, a part of which is omitted and enlarged.
However, here, in order to avoid duplication of explanation, the same structural parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations regarding the specific configuration, operational effects, usage, and the like are omitted.

The protection fence 1A according to the fourth embodiment is provided at the lower portion thereof with a plurality of bases 21 installed on the seabed, columnar supports 22 fixed to the respective bases 21, and upper ends of the supports 22. A submarine installation body 20 is provided, which is composed of a floor portion 23 supported by the floor portion.
Then, the fence body 2 is erected on the floor 23 and the protection region G is formed. The rock R in which the spores of the seaweed S are planted on the surface, or the young seedlings of the sprouted seaweed S are formed. The grown rock R is placed (the rock R is omitted in FIG. 6).

In the seaweed protection fence 1A according to the fourth embodiment, the floor 23 forming the seaweed protection area G is set apart from the seabed, so that the sea urchin U can enter the area G more effectively. It is possible to prevent.
Needless to say, in the fourth embodiment, it is possible to employ the crossover preventing bodies 3A, 3B and the like of the second and third embodiments.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various configurations can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.
For example, the fence body and the climbing prevention body are not limited to the wire mesh and perforated plate described in each of the above embodiments, but a flat plate such as a metal plate or a flexible wire or net (for example, a fishing net) is stretched on the frame. It is possible to adopt various forms as long as the submarine marine animals that are to be avoided cannot pass through, such as those that are different between the fence body and the overpass prevention body. Also good. Note that if the fence body and the boarding prevention body are formed of a wire mesh, a metal perforated plate, or a metal flat plate, even if the protective fence 1 is damaged in the future, floating matter is generated and the ship There is no risk of hindering traffic or polluting the sea.

Further, it goes without saying that the protruding portion 13c of the second embodiment can be provided at the tip even when the boarding prevention body is formed of a material other than a metal mesh such as a perforated plate.
Furthermore, the various dimensions and shapes of the protective fence 1 can also be appropriately selected according to the seabed organism S as a protection target, the seafloor U as a repelling target, installation conditions of the seabed, and the like.

The perspective view which shows the whole seaweed protection fence which concerns on the 1st Example of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of the AA cross section of FIG. The elements on larger scale which expand and show the X section of FIG. (A) is a partial front view which shows a part of crossing prevention body of the seaweed protection fence which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the BB cross section of (a). (A) is a partial front view which shows a part of crossing prevention body of the seaweed protection fence which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view which shows CC cross section of (a). The expanded sectional view similar to FIG. 2 in the seaweed protection fence which concerns on 4th Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1,1A Seaweed protective fence (protective fence)
2 Fence body
3, 3A, 3B Crossing prevention body 11 1st wire mesh 11a 1st wire rod 11b 2nd wire rod 13 2nd wire mesh 13a 3rd wire rod 13b 4th wire rod 13c protrusion part 17d small protrusion 20 submarine installation body 21 Base 22 Support 23 Floor G Seaweed protected area (protected area)
S Seaweed (submarine organism)
U sea urchin

Claims (7)

A protective fence for preventing invasion of submarine zoo animals that move through the seabed and prey on the seabed organisms in a protected area for protecting the seabed organisms that grow on the seabed,
A fence main body that is erected so as to surround the entire periphery of the protection area; and a climbing prevention body that is provided along an upper portion of the fence main body and prevents the submarine habitat from getting over the protection fence. Have
The climbing prevention body is formed in a hook shape extending outward from the protection area at a predetermined angle with the fence body.
A protective fence characterized by that. The predetermined angle is an acute angle;
The protective fence according to claim 1. The predetermined angle is about 30 °;
The protective fence according to claim 2. The climbing prevention body includes a plurality of projecting portions projecting outward of the protection region at the tip thereof.
The protective fence according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The climbing prevention body is formed of any one of a wire mesh, a metal porous plate, a metal flat plate,
The protective fence according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: A plurality of foundations installed on the seabed, a support fixed on each of these foundations, and a floor installed on these supports, a seabed installation body is provided.
On the floor part, the protection area is formed and the fence body is erected,
The protective fence according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The seabed which moves the seabed and prey on the seabed organisms by surrounding the entire periphery of the protected area for protecting the seabed organisms growing on the seabed with the protective fence according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Protecting marine organisms in the protected area from the marine resident animals by preventing the infested animals from entering the protected area;
A method for protecting marine organisms characterized by the above.

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