JP2007003101A - Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve heat exchange performance in a shell-and-tube type condenser. <P>SOLUTION: The shell-and-tube condenser is provided with a shell 1; a refrigerant flow passage partition wall 14 arranged between a flow passage through which cooling water is carried to a cooling water inlet 4, a front water chamber 6, a refrigerant chamber 21, and a rear water chamber 7, and a flow passage through which the cooling water is carried to the rear water chamber 7, the refrigerant chamber 21, the front water chamber 6, and a cooling water outlet 5; and cooling water pipes 10 and 11 arranged so as to form a plurality of paths in the respective flow passages. The plurality of cooling water pipes 10 and 11 in the respective flow passages are formed to be a plurality of pipe groups, and a partition plate 9 is arranged in a boundary between them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a shell and tube heat exchanger used in a condenser of a refrigeration air conditioner.

  Conventionally, in the refrigerant condensation process in the condenser of the refrigeration air conditioner, in the case of the refrigerant liquid region non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, in the two-phase region, the highest temperature is on the saturated vapor line and the lowest temperature on the saturated liquid line. Due to this temperature gradient, if a structure is formed so as to counter flow with the cooling water, a temperature difference between the cooling water and the refrigerant can be secured, and heat exchange can be performed efficiently. Therefore, in order to improve the heat exchange performance by making the flow counter flow, it is possible to provide a refrigerant partition plate in the condenser so that the refrigerant also makes one reciprocation when the cooling water makes one reciprocation through the shell. For example, it is described in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-325787 (FIG. 1)

  In the above-described conventional shell and tube condenser, the refrigerant liquid condensed on the surface of the cooling water pipe falls into the cooling water pipe therebelow, and becomes a liquid film on the pipe surface to inhibit heat exchange. In other words, the refrigerant liquid condensed on the surface of the upper half of the pipe does not affect the lower half of the pipe, but since the pipes are multistage in the upper half or the lower half, the influence of the falling liquid for each pipe is still It has not been resolved.

  The object of the present invention is to improve the heat exchange performance, particularly in a shell and tube condenser using a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture, and the refrigerant liquid condensed on the surface of the cooling water pipe falls to the cooling water pipe below it. It is to prevent the heat exchange from being disturbed by a liquid film on the pipe surface.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is divided into a front water chamber, a refrigerant chamber, and a rear water chamber with a tube plate inside, and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are partitioned by a cooling water partition wall, A shell having a refrigerant inlet portion on the cooling water outlet side of the refrigerant chamber and a refrigerant outlet portion on the cooling water inlet side, and cooling water in the cooling water inlet portion, the front water chamber, the refrigerant chamber, and the rear water chamber. A plurality of refrigerant flow path partition walls arranged between the flow path leading to the rear flow path, the rear water chamber, the refrigerant chamber, the front water chamber, and the flow path leading to the cooling water outlet. And a cooling water pipe arranged to form a path.

Further, in the above, when each partition plate and the refrigerant flow path partition wall are viewed from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shell, the partition groups are inclined to the left and right, and the plurality of pipe groups It is desirable that they are arranged along the plate.
Furthermore, in the above, it is preferable that the partition plates are arranged at intervals of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the cooling water pipe.

Furthermore, in the above, it is desirable that at least the partition plate disposed above the coolant channel partition wall is inclined to the left or right when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shell. .
Furthermore, in the above-described configuration, it is preferable that a convex portion is provided at the center portion when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shell at the end portion of the partition plate.

  According to the present invention, in each cooling water flow path, the cooling water pipes are made up of a plurality of pipe groups, and the partition plates are arranged at the boundaries between the cooling water pipes. The heat transfer coefficient on the surface of the cooling water pipe can be improved because it is prevented from falling into the pipe.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view in the shell axis direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the shell 1, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the shell axis for a water-cooled shell and tube condenser as an embodiment. The cooling water includes a cooling water inlet 4, a front water chamber 6, a first cooling water pipe 10 passing through the refrigerant chamber 21, a rear water chamber 7, a second cooling water pipe 11 passing through the refrigerant chamber 21, and front water. It flows in the order of the chamber 6 and the cooling water outlet 5. The front water chamber 6 is partitioned by a cooling water partition wall 8 so that the cooling water entering from the cooling water inlet 4 and the water exiting from the cooling water outlet 5 are not mixed. The wall 14 partitions the upstream flow path and the downstream flow path.
The refrigerant is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture, flows in from the refrigerant inlet 2 of the shell 1, exchanges heat while flowing around the second cooling water pipe 11 according to the partition plate 9, and condenses. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows through the side surface of the coolant channel partition wall 14 at the boundary of the cooling water pipe, and is further guided by the partition plate 9 to exchange heat while flowing around the first cooling water pipe 10, and from the refrigerant outlet 3 as a liquid refrigerant. Get out.

The upstream refrigerant having a high temperature exchanges heat with the second cooling water pipe 11 having a high temperature, and the downstream refrigerant having a low temperature exchanges heat with the first cooling water pipe 10 having a low temperature. Accordingly, the refrigerant and the cooling water flow are opposed to each other, and performance degradation due to the temperature gradient in the two-phase region of the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture can be prevented.
Moreover, the partition plate 9 becomes multistage, and the space | interval is 2d-4d, when the diameter of a cooling water piping is set to d. Therefore, the flow path area from the inlet of the refrigerant shell 1 toward the outlet is smaller than that without the partition plate 9, the refrigerant flow rate is increased, and heat transfer between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube is further promoted. As a result, the heat exchange performance can be improved without increasing the pressure loss of the cooling water piping.

  Further, when a non-azeotropic refrigerant is used, a high-boiling refrigerant is more likely to condense in the shell 1 than a low-boiling refrigerant, and the condensation of the high-boiling refrigerant proceeds faster. Among the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant 1, the high boiling point refrigerant is supplied around the heat transfer tube, and the condensation of the high boiling point refrigerant further proceeds, so that the liquid in the shell has a high amount of high boiling point refrigerant. And this becomes a composition fluctuation of a refrigerant | coolant, heat exchange performance falls, the high pressure side pressure becomes high, and the energy consumed with a compressor increases. However, since a plurality of partition plates 9 are arranged so as to reduce the channel area, the refrigerant flows through the coolant channels having a small channel area along the respective partition plates 9 from the inlet of the shell 1 toward the outlet. Then, after the high-boiling point refrigerant vapor is reduced, the condensation of the low-boiling point refrigerant proceeds, and the refrigerant composition fluctuation due to the condensation can be suppressed.

  Further, since the refrigerant condensate on the surfaces of the cooling water pipes 10 and 11 falls on the partition plate 9, the refrigerant liquid falls on the lower cooling water pipes to form a liquid film, which inhibits heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water pipes. Can be prevented.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the partition plates 9 and 14 of the refrigerant flow path are inclined 5 to 15 ° with respect to those in FIG. 2, and the refrigerant condensate that has fallen on the partition plate flows in the direction of inclination of the partition plate. In the vicinity of the shell wall which is the lowermost part on the partition plate, it collects at the left end in FIG. Therefore, it can prevent falling from the whole plate edge of a partition plate, becoming a liquid film of the cooling water piping surface of a lower stage, and inhibiting heat exchange. In FIG. 3, all of the partition plates 9 and 14 are inclined, but actually, at least the partition plate 9 disposed above in the drawing may be inclined.

  4 and 5 show still another embodiment, in the refrigerant flow path partition plates 9 and 14, one plate end not connected to the tube plate 12, from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shell 1. A convex portion 13 that prevents the liquid from flowing down is provided in the center portion. As a result, the refrigerant condensate that has fallen onto the partition plate falls downward from the vicinity of the shell wall without the convex portion 13 at the end of the partition plate, from the left end or the right end in FIG. Therefore, it can prevent falling from the whole board edge of a partition plate, and producing a liquid film on the cooling water piping surface of a lower stage.

The sectional view of the shell axial direction by one example of the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to a shell axis according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing of the shell axial direction by the other Example of this invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the shell axis direction according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the shell axis of FIG. 4.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shell, 2 ... Refrigerant inlet part, 3 ... Refrigerant outlet part, 4 ... Cooling water inlet part, 5 ... Cooling water outlet part, 6 ... Front water room, 7 ... Rear water room, 8 ... Cooling water partition wall, 9 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Partition plate 10, 11 ... Cooling water piping, 12 ... Tube plate, 13 ... Convex part, 14 ... Refrigerant flow path partition wall, 21 ... Refrigerant chamber.

Claims (5)

The inside is divided into a front water chamber, a refrigerant chamber, and a rear water chamber by a tube plate, and a cooling water inlet portion and a cooling water outlet portion are partitioned by a cooling water partition wall, and a refrigerant inlet portion is provided on the cooling water outlet side of the refrigerant chamber. Is a shell provided with a refrigerant outlet on the cooling water inlet side, a flow path for cooling water to the cooling water inlet, the front water chamber, the refrigerant chamber, the rear water chamber, the rear water chamber, Refrigerant flow path partition walls disposed between the refrigerant chamber, the front water chamber, and the flow path leading to the cooling water outlet, and cooling water piping disposed so as to have multiple paths in each of the flow paths And in a shell and tube condenser with
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, wherein the plurality of cooling water pipes in each of the flow paths are further divided into a plurality of pipe groups, and a partition plate is arranged at the boundary.   The thing of Claim 1 WHEREIN: When each partition plate and the said refrigerant | coolant flow path partition wall are seen from the orthogonal | vertical direction with respect to the longitudinal direction axis | shaft of the said shell, it inclines to one of right and left, These several piping groups are A shell-and-tube heat exchanger arranged along the partition plate.   2. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the partition plates are arranged at intervals of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the cooling water pipe.   The thing of Claim 1 WHEREIN: When the partition plate arrange | positioned above the said refrigerant | coolant flow path partition wall is seen from the orthogonal | vertical direction with respect to the longitudinal direction axis | shaft of the said shell, it should incline to one of right and left. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger.   The shell-and-tube heat exchange according to claim 1, wherein a projecting portion is provided at a center portion of the partition plate when viewed from a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the shell. vessel.

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