JP2007002184A - Garbage-carbonizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage-carbonizing apparatus hardly causing backflow of carbonization gas, keeping the combustion of the gas within a prescribed temperature range, and achieving efficient charge of the combustion energy. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage-carbonizing apparatus 1 comprises a container 11 for storing the garbage 10, a carbonization heater 21 (a carbonization means) for carbonizing the garbage stored in the interior of the container 11 by heating the container 11, a combustion part 3 having a combustion heater 31 for burning the gas by charging the energy to the carbonization gas G1 generated at the carbonization step, a blower 42 for blowing combustion air A1 for burning the carbonization gas G1 to the combustion part 3, thermometers T4 to T6 for measuring the combustion temperatures under combustion, and a controlling part 5 for controlling the combustion heater 31 and the blower 42 by using the combustion temperatures measured by the thermometers T4 and the like as indexes. The controlling part 5 controls the blower 42 so as to send the combustion air A1 of the gas volume previously determined according to an energy charge rate E to be charged by the combustion heater 31 to the combustion part 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage carbonizing apparatus that heats and garbage carbonizes garbage under a low oxygen concentration.

  Conventionally, a garbage carbonization apparatus for carbonizing garbage is known. In this type of equipment, the garbage is heated to a certain temperature or more and thermally decomposed (dry distillation) in a state where oxygen is cut off or restricted in the carbonization chamber, so that the garbage is finally reduced in volume and volume. Change to solid, ie carbide. In the process of carbonization of garbage, first, moisture evaporates, and then the organic matter is decomposed as the temperature rises to generate gas containing various combustible gases (dry distillation gas). Eventually, carbon-based charcoal is generated. This charcoal can be used as an adsorbent or a soil conditioner. Garbage carbonization equipment can in principle treat wood, oils and fats, and plastics. The treatment by carbonization has fewer restrictions on the quality of the treated product compared with the garbage treatment methods such as composting and drying volume reduction.

On the other hand, the dry distillation gas generated in association with the carbonization treatment may contain harmful substances and is usually burned by a combustion device and discharged. The relationship between the carbonization temperature and the generated gas largely depends on the components of the object to be processed. A typical dry distillation gas combustion reaction is as follows. _{Methane: CH 4 + 2O 2 = CO} 2 + 2H 2 O, _{CO: 2CO + O 2 = 2CO 2} , _{hydrogen: 2H 2 + O 2 = 2H} 2 O. Further, combustion heat corresponding to each combustion reaction is generated.

  As described above, oxygen (air) is required for combustion of the dry distillation gas in the garbage carbonization apparatus, and the required amount is theoretically determined according to the gas amount (theoretical air amount). In actual combustion, by supplying an air volume at a constant magnification (air ratio) of the theoretical air volume, the combustion air volume is prevented from becoming insufficient and incomplete combustion is prevented, and air pollutants such as unburned gas and dust Preventing discharge.

  Moreover, when the garbage carbonization apparatus is positioned as a waste incinerator, it is necessary to maintain the gas combustion temperature at, for example, 800 ° C. or more from the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of dioxins. When the amount of flammable gas generated is large, the combustion temperature can be kept high by the combustion heat of the flammable gas, but when the amount of flammable gas generated is small, the combustion temperature is maintained within a predetermined range of 800 ° C. or higher. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to input energy by a heater, a combustion aid, or the like.

Further, in the carbonization apparatus, in order to keep the temperature of the exhaust gas after combustion of the gas generated by carbonization within a predetermined temperature range, a thermometer is disposed in the combustion chamber in which the gas is combusted, and according to the indicated temperature of the thermometer. What changes the air volume of the air blower provided in the exhaust passage is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-81473 A

  When the above-mentioned garbage carbonization apparatus is viewed from the viewpoint of suppressing energy consumption, it is possible to avoid supply of an excessive amount of air that lowers the combustion temperature and to minimize energy supply for keeping the combustion temperature within a predetermined range. Is desirable. However, since the components of the garbage to be carbonized are not always constant, the amount of gas generated during the carbonization process (amount of combustible gas) may fluctuate greatly during or during the treatment. Therefore, excessive energy input is forced. For example, a large amount of moisture is contained in the garbage, and steam corresponding to the water content is generated in the temperature raising process of the carbonization furnace. This amount of water vapor may be larger than the amount of air required for combustion, and if the air volume for air supply is set only from the viewpoint of supplying the amount of oxygen necessary for combustion, the air volume due to water vapor is As a result, the air flow exceeds the air volume for supplying air, and the flow of water vapor flows backward to the intake port of the combustion air. Thus, if a large air volume is set in advance in order to avoid this backflow, useless energy is consumed as a result.

  In general combustion management, the fuel supply amount is adjusted to keep the combustion temperature constant. However, in the case of a garbage carbonizer, the heat capacity of the carbonization chamber, which is the supply source of fuel made of combustible gas, may be large. It is difficult to instantaneously control the fuel supply amount (gas generation amount). Accordingly, it is necessary to keep the combustion temperature within a predetermined range by heating the combustible gas on the combustion side or lowering the temperature. Therefore, in Patent Document 1 described above, the air volume of the blower is changed in accordance with the instruction of the thermometer. However, whether the temperature change is due to the change in the amount of combustible gas generated only by the instruction of the thermometer. Therefore, it cannot be determined whether it is due to the heating means, and as a result, wasted energy is wasted.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a garbage carbonizing apparatus that can maintain a combustion temperature of a gas within a predetermined temperature range without causing a reverse flow of dry distillation gas and can realize efficient combustion energy input. Objective.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is generated in the process of carbonization, a container for storing garbage, a carbonization means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and A combustion means having a heating means for injecting energy into the gas to be burned, a blowing means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, and measuring a combustion temperature during the combustion A garbage carbonizing apparatus comprising: a temperature measuring means for controlling the heating means and a blower means using the combustion temperature measured by the temperature measuring means as an index, wherein the control means The blowing means is controlled so as to blow combustion air having a predetermined air volume in accordance with the energy input rate supplied by the heating means to the combustion means.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a method for supplying energy to a container for storing garbage, a carbonization means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and a gas generated in the carbonization process. Combustion means having heating means for burning the gas, blower means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, temperature measurement means for measuring the combustion temperature during combustion, and the temperature A garbage carbonization apparatus comprising: control means for controlling the heating means and the air blowing means using the combustion temperature measured by the measurement means as an index, and combustion air at an air inlet for taking in combustion air in the combustion means Inlet temperature measuring means for measuring temperature is provided, and the control means controls the air blowing means so that the inlet temperature of the combustion air measured by the inlet temperature measuring means becomes a predetermined temperature. And controls the flow rate of the combustion air.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a container for storing garbage, a carbonizing means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and supplying energy to a gas generated in the carbonization process. Combustion means having heating means for burning the gas, blower means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, temperature measurement means for measuring the combustion temperature during combustion, and the temperature A garbage carbonization apparatus comprising: control means for controlling the heating means and the air blowing means using the combustion temperature measured by the measurement means as an index, and combustion air at an air inlet for taking in combustion air in the combustion means Provided with an inlet temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature, and the control means has a predetermined air volume according to an energy input rate input by the heating means and a fuel measured by the inlet temperature measuring means. And controls said air blowing means, whichever is greater and the air volume inlet temperature of the air is controlled to a predetermined temperature.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the heating means is controlled using the combustion temperature as an index, and combustion air having a predetermined amount of air is blown to the combustion means in accordance with the energy input rate input by the heating means. Combustion can be performed while maintaining the combustion temperature well and stably. For example, generally, when the energy input rate is low, the combustion temperature is maintained by the heat generated by the combustible gas, so the air volume (combustion air) is increased. In this way, when the relationship between the energy input rate and the air flow rate under the operating condition that optimizes the air ratio is calculated in advance, and the energy input rate during operation changes, the air flow rate is adjusted according to that value. Thus, stable operation can be performed with a minimum amount of energy consumption in response to fluctuations in the generation of combustible gas.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, by detecting the air temperature at the combustion air inlet, it is possible to detect in advance the occurrence of reverse flow in which dry distillation gas such as water vapor or combustible gas flows in the direction opposite to the predetermined gas flow. In addition, the gas combustion process can be performed with energy efficiency with the minimum necessary air volume.

  According to the invention of claim 3, for example, it is difficult to make a judgment only from the backflow of gas, which is difficult to judge only from the energy input rate generated when the garbage containing a lot of water is introduced, and the air temperature at the combustion air inlet. Stable and energy-efficient combustion is possible in correspondence with both increase in combustible gas. That is, the combustion operation can be performed under the minimum necessary air volume that does not cause backflow of gas or incomplete combustion. In addition, since the combustion operation can be performed under optimum conditions, the carbonization time can be shortened.

  Hereinafter, a garbage carbonization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a garbage carbonizing apparatus 1 of the present invention. The garbage carbonization apparatus 1 is a vertical apparatus using electric power as a power source, and a carbonization part 2 is formed at a lower part, a combustion part 3 for combusting a dry distillation gas G1 thereon, and a combustion-treated gas is exhausted thereon. The exhaust part 4 and the control part 5 which receives the electric power supply from the outside and controls the process from carbonization to exhaust are provided.

  More specifically, the garbage carbonization apparatus 1 includes a container 11 that accommodates the garbage 10, a carbonization heater 21 (carbonization means) that heats the container 11 and carbonizes the garbage 10 stored inside the container, Combustion section 3 (combustion means) having a combustion heater 31 (heating means) for supplying energy to dry distillation gas G1 generated in the carbonization process and combusting the gas, and combustion air A1 for burning dry distillation gas G1 The index is based on the combustion temperature measured by the blower 42 (air blowing means) for blowing the air to the combustion unit 3, the thermometers T4, T5, T6 (temperature measuring means) for measuring the combustion temperature during combustion, the thermometer T4, etc. And a control unit 5 (control means) for controlling the combustion heater 31 and the blower 42. Details will be described below.

  The carbonization part 2 includes a heat insulating wall 20a and a front door 20b to form a sealed space (carbonization chamber), and a carbonization heater 21 that inputs energy for carbonization into the sealed space, and garbage during carbonization. The thermometer T1 for measuring the temperature of is provided. The heat insulating wall 20 a includes a communication duct 60 that communicates with the combustion unit 3 from the sealed space. The front door 20b includes a proximity switch SW for confirming the open / closed state of the front door 20b, and a solenoid lock SL for preventing unsafe opening and closing of the front door 20b to prevent danger and ensuring a reliable sealing. It has. The container 11 is put into and out of the sealed space by opening the front door 20b in a state where the garbage 10 or the treated carbide is housed therein. The thermometer T1 is disposed in the vicinity of the container 11. The communication duct 60 is connected to the inside of the container 11 and sends out the dry distillation gas G <b> 1 generated inside the container 11 toward the combustion unit 3.

  The combustion unit 3 is in a state where it is insulated from the outside air by the heat insulating wall 30, the dry distillation gas path 61 connected to the communication duct 60, the combustion heater 31 formed in a coil shape so as to surround the dry distillation gas path 61, and the dry distillation gas path Combustion catalyst 32 provided on the downstream side of 61, and thermometers T4, T5, T6 provided respectively in the approximate center of dry distillation gas path 61 and in front of and behind combustion catalyst 32, respectively. The dry distillation gas path 61 guides the dry distillation gas G1 from the carbonization part 2 to the exhaust part 4 while burning it. An air pipe 71 is connected to the inlet side of the dry distillation gas path 61. The air pipe 71 includes an inlet thermometer T3 that measures the combustion air temperature at the inlet of the combustion unit 3. The air pipe 71 supplies the combustion air A <b> 1 to the dry distillation gas path 61 and branches from the air pipe 70. The air pipe 70 has an outside air intake port below the apparatus.

  The exhaust unit 4 includes a dilution chamber 41 having a thermometer T7, a blower 42 connected to the dilution chamber 41 by a pipe 63 and a spare blower 43 (which is normally stopped), and pipes 64 and 65 to these blowers. Are provided with a silencer 44 connected to each other and an exhaust pipe 45 connected to the silencer. An outlet side of the dry distillation gas path 61 and an air pipe 72 are connected to the dilution chamber 41. The air pipe 72 supplies the dilution chamber 41 with cooling air A2 for dilution and cooling. The air pipe 72 branches from the air pipe 70. An air pipe 73 branched from the air pipe 70 described above is connected to introduce cooling and dilution air into the exhaust tube 45. A thermometer T8 for measuring the outside air temperature is provided near the outside air inlet of the air pipe 70. The blower 43 is used for emergency exhaust by being driven by a backup power source in an emergency such as a power failure.

  Next, operation | movement of the garbage carbonization apparatus 1 is demonstrated along the flow of dry distillation gas G1. In the carbonization unit 2, the garbage 10 stored in the container 11 is heated from the outside of the container 11 by the carbonization heater 21 in an oxygen-free state or an anoxic state, and the dry distillation gas G <b> 1 is generated from the heated garbage 13. appear. The dry distillation gas G1 is guided to the dry distillation gas path 61 of the combustion unit 3 through the communication duct 60. The one-way flow of the dry distillation gas G1 is formed by the positive pressure accompanying the generation of the dry distillation gas G1 and / or the negative pressure by the blower 42.

  The dry distillation gas G1 guided to the dry distillation gas path 61 is heated by the combustion heater 31 in the dry distillation gas path 61, mixed with the combustion air A1 supplied from the air pipe 71, and passes through the dry distillation gas path 61 and the catalyst 32. It is burned during. The burned gas is mixed with the cooling air A2 supplied from the air pipe 72 in the dilution chamber 41 connected to the dry distillation gas path 61 to be diluted and cooled, and then into the atmosphere via the blower 42, the silencer 44, and the like. Is discharged as exhaust gas G2. The control unit 5 controls each unit to perform a series of these processes.

  Next, in addition to FIG. 1, with reference to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, the control which improves the energy efficiency by the control part 5 in the garbage carbonization apparatus 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 2 shows an example of the change over time of the amount of dry distillation gas G1 generated in the garbage carbonization apparatus 1, and FIG. 3 shows the garbage carbonization under the same conditions as the conditions for the generation of dry distillation gas G1 shown in FIG. The example of the time change of the energy input rate E of the combustion heater 31 when not controlling the air volume in the apparatus 1 is shown. The energy input rate E is defined as the ratio of the energy input during operation to the maximum energy value that can be input, its 90% value, or the energy value necessary to maintain a predetermined combustion temperature. The When electric power is used as the combustion energy, the energy and the energy input rate E can be expressed by the electric power value and the current value.

  The amount of dry distillation gas G1 generated when carbonizing the garbage 10 increases as the processing time t for heating the garbage increases as shown by a curve a in FIG. 2, and then decreases. In this way, when the blower 42 is operated under a constant air volume without controlling the air flow rate for the dry distillation gas G1 whose generation amount changes with time, the energy of the energy input by the combustion heater 31 in the combustion unit 3 is increased. The charging rate E changes over time by drawing a curve obtained by inverting the curve a in FIG. 2 up and down like the curve b shown in FIG.

  Operating the blower 42 with the same air volume as when the carbonization gas G1 is generated in the initial stage or the later stage of the carbonization treatment with a small amount of the carbonized gas G1 generated is the energy for operating the fan 42. In addition to being necessary, the heat inside the dry distillation gas path 61 in the combustion section 3 is taken away by a large amount of combustion air A1, resulting in an increase in the input energy of the combustion heater 31. This is based on the premise that the combustion temperature in the dry distillation gas path 61 is maintained at 800 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of, for example, suppressing the generation of dioxins.

  Therefore, in order to improve energy efficiency, in the garbage carbonizing apparatus 1, the control unit 5 blows the combustion air A 1 having a predetermined amount of air to the combustion unit 3 according to the energy input rate E input by the combustion heater 31. The blower 42 is controlled. In the garbage carbonizing apparatus 1, for example, “when the energy input rate E is low, the combustion temperature is maintained by the heat generated by the combustible gas in the dry distillation gas G1, so the air volume (amount of combustion air A1) is increased. ”, When the relationship between the energy input rate E and the air flow rate under the operating conditions where the air ratio is optimum is calculated in advance, and the energy input rate E during operation fluctuates, the air flow rate is adjusted according to the fluctuation value. Do.

  When the combustion process with such air volume control is performed, the energy input rate E of the combustion heater 31 can be greatly reduced as shown by the curve c shown in FIG. That is, the garbage carbonization apparatus 1 responds to the fluctuation of the amount of combustible gas generated reflected in the energy input rate E of the combustion heater 31 and efficiently performs predetermined combustion with a minimum amount of energy consumption. Combustion while maintaining temperature can be performed stably.

  With reference to FIG. 1 again, the backflow prevention of dry distillation gas G1 in the garbage carbonization apparatus 1 will be described. As described above, the one-way flow in which the dry distillation gas G1 is guided to the dry distillation gas path 61 of the combustion unit 3 through the communication duct 60 is a positive pressure accompanying the generation of the dry distillation gas G1 and / or a negative pressure by the blower 42. Formed by pressure. The flow of the combustion air A1 supplied from the air pipe 71 to the dry distillation gas path 61 is formed by a negative pressure due to the flow of gas exhausted by the blower 42. If the negative pressure generated by the blower 42 cannot offset the positive pressure associated with the generation of the dry distillation gas G1, the dry distillation gas G1 flows back into the air pipe 71. It is necessary to prevent this backflow for safety management.

  Therefore, the combustion air temperature is measured by a thermometer T3 provided at the air inlet for taking in the combustion air in the combustion section 3. The controller 5 controls the blower 42 so as to adjust the air volume of the combustion air A1 so that the inlet temperature of the combustion air measured by the inlet temperature thermometer T3 does not exceed a predetermined temperature. That is, by monitoring the combustion air inlet temperature, it is possible to grasp the sign that the pressure inside the dry distillation gas passage 61 increases and the reverse flow is likely to occur by the increase in the combustion air inlet temperature. When the combustion air inlet temperature is equal to or higher than a preset temperature, by increasing the air volume by the blower 42, for example, even when the water vapor pressure rapidly increases as in the treatment of garbage 10 having a high water content, Backflow of the dry distillation gas G1 can be prevented. When the blower 42 is controlled by such a method, at least there is no occurrence of problems related to the backflow of the dry distillation gas G1, the blower 42 can be operated with the minimum air flow, and the energy efficiency of the garbage carbonizing apparatus 1 is improved.

  Next, referring to FIG. 4, the blower 42 for controlling the blower 42 based on the energy input rate E of the combustion heater 31 described above in the garbage carbonizing apparatus 1 and for preventing the backflow based on the combustion air inlet temperature by the thermometer T3. The control which combined 42 control is demonstrated. In the control of the blower 42 based on the energy input rate E described above, for example, the possibility of backflow due to a large amount of water vapor cannot be eliminated, and in the control of the blower 42 based on the combustion air inlet temperature, the combustion air A1 may be insufficient. Can not eliminate the sex. Therefore, if the blower 42 is operated so as to realize the larger air volume determined by these two control methods, these possibilities can be eliminated, and it is necessary without causing backflow or incomplete combustion of the dry distillation gas G1. The garbage carbonizing apparatus 1 can be operated with the minimum air volume and the energy efficiency of the combustion heater 31.

  That is, the control unit 5 of the garbage carbonizing apparatus 1 has either the air volume determined in advance according to the energy input rate E or the air volume controlled so that the inlet temperature of the combustion air A1 becomes a predetermined temperature. The air blower 42 is controlled by one side. Here, it is assumed that the rotation speed of the blower 42 is inverter-controlled, and the control frequency by the inverter is proportional to the air volume. FIG. 4 shows an example of changes in the control frequency for controlling the blower 42 with respect to the garbage processing time t.

  In FIG. 4, a curve e consisting of a broken line shows a time change of the control frequency of the blower 42 based on the combustion air inlet temperature, for example, and a curve d consisting of a solid line shows the time of the control frequency of the blower 42 based on the energy input rate E. Showing change. The curve d generally shows a higher control frequency (and hence a larger air flow) than the curve e, but at the time t = t1 to t2, the control frequency (curve e) of the blower 42 based on the combustion air inlet temperature. Is high. During the time t = t1 to t2, the blower 42 is controlled based on the curve e in which the air volume becomes larger.

A specific example of controlling the blower 42 as described above will be described. In the electric garbage carbonization apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, when the air volume control was performed by an inverter and the control as shown in the following (1) and (2) was performed, a good combustion state was realized.
(1) When the combustion air inlet temperature is 50 ° C. or higher, the inverter set value is increased by 5 Hz.
(2) The energization rate (E) and air volume of the combustion heater are controlled according to Table 1.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration, and various modifications can be made. For example, even when fuel gas or fuel oil is used as a heating means for combustion of the dry distillation gas G1, the blower 42 is controlled by using the fuel input rate as the above-described energy input rate E and the above. Similar effects can be obtained.

The typical block diagram of the garbage carbonization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The graph which shows the example of the time change of the gas generation amount in a carbonization apparatus same as the above. The graph which shows the example of the time change of the heater energization rate when not controlling with the air volume in the carbonization apparatus same as the above. The graph which shows the example of the time change of the air blower control frequency in a carbonization apparatus same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage carbonization apparatus 2 Carbonization part 3 Combustion part (combustion means)
4 Exhaust section 5 Control section (control means)
10 Garbage 11 Container 21 Carbonization heater (carbonization means)
31 Combustion heater (heating means)
42 Blower (Blower means)
A1 Combustion air G1 Dry distillation gas T3 Thermometer (Inlet temperature measurement means)
T4, T5, T6 thermometer (temperature measuring means)

Claims (3)

A container for storing garbage, a carbonization means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and a heating means for injecting energy into a gas generated during the carbonization to burn the gas A combustion means having a combustion means, a blower means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, a temperature measurement means for measuring a combustion temperature during the combustion, and a combustion measured by the temperature measurement means A garbage carbonizing apparatus comprising a control means for controlling the heating means and the air blowing means using temperature as an index,
The garbage carbonizing apparatus, wherein the control means controls the blowing means so as to blow a predetermined amount of combustion air to the combustion means in accordance with an energy input rate inputted by the heating means. A container for storing garbage, a carbonization means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and a heating means for injecting energy into a gas generated during the carbonization to burn the gas A combustion means having a combustion means, a blower means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, a temperature measurement means for measuring a combustion temperature during the combustion, and a combustion measured by the temperature measurement means A garbage carbonizing apparatus comprising a control means for controlling the heating means and the air blowing means using temperature as an index,
An inlet temperature measuring means for measuring a combustion air temperature at an air inlet for taking in combustion air in the combustion means is provided, and the control means has an inlet temperature of the combustion air measured by the inlet temperature measuring means at a predetermined temperature. Thus, the garbage carbonization apparatus characterized by controlling the air volume of the combustion air by the said ventilation means. A container for storing garbage, a carbonization means for heating the container and carbonizing the garbage stored in the container, and a heating means for injecting energy into a gas generated during the carbonization to burn the gas A combustion means having a combustion means, a blower means for blowing combustion air for burning the gas to the combustion means, a temperature measurement means for measuring a combustion temperature during the combustion, and a combustion measured by the temperature measurement means A garbage carbonizing apparatus comprising a control means for controlling the heating means and the air blowing means using temperature as an index,
An inlet temperature measuring means for measuring a combustion air temperature at an air inlet taking in combustion air in the combustion means;
The control means includes a predetermined air volume according to an energy input rate input by the heating means, and an air volume controlled so that the inlet temperature of the combustion air measured by the inlet temperature measuring means becomes a predetermined temperature. The garbage carbonization apparatus characterized by controlling the said ventilation means in any one which is larger.

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