JP2006519090A5 - - Google Patents
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- JP2006519090A5 JP2006519090A5 JP2004569170A JP2004569170A JP2006519090A5 JP 2006519090 A5 JP2006519090 A5 JP 2006519090A5 JP 2004569170 A JP2004569170 A JP 2004569170A JP 2004569170 A JP2004569170 A JP 2004569170A JP 2006519090 A5 JP2006519090 A5 JP 2006519090A5
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- water
- exchange membrane
- ion exchange
- electrode
- electrolysis cell
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydrogen cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl radical Chemical class [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen atom Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atoms Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明の原理に従って、先行技術の電解セルの短所を克服する独特な高電界電解（ＨＥＦＥ）セルが提示される。本発明のＨＥＦＥセルは、電極及びプロトンのイオン交換膜を収容する対応するセル構造内に取り囲まれた平坦なプロトンのイオン交換膜に結着（又は被覆）された平坦な電極対を含む。この電解セル構造は、純化された水を受け入れる少なくとも１つのインレット・チャネルと、電解ＦＲＳ水及び水素富裕水の出力のための２つのアウトレット・チャネルとを含む。本発明の高電界電解セルは、再利用または電力発生用に水素富裕水のリサイクリングのための機構を更に提供する。 In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a unique high field electrolysis (HEFE) cell is presented that overcomes the shortcomings of prior art electrolysis cells. The HEFE cell of the present invention comprises a flat electrode pair bound (or coated) to a flat proton ion exchange membrane surrounded by a corresponding cell structure containing an electrode and a proton ion exchange membrane. The electrolytic cell structure includes at least one inlet channel that receives purified water and two outlet channels for the output of electrolytic FRS water and hydrogen rich water. The high electrolysis cell of the present invention further provides a mechanism for recycling hydrogen-rich water for reuse or power generation.
図１は、本発明の高電界電解（ＨＥＦＥ）セル１０の典型的な概略図である。図示されるように、ＨＥＦＥセル１０は、その装置を任意の領域に適切に収容すべく、または、発生されるＦＲＳ水のボリュームに関しての生成要件に適切に合致すべく変更され得る寸法を伴う平坦構造である。処理された水（純化または軟水）はインレット・チャネル２を通じてＨＥＦＥセル１０に流れ、電解されたフリーラジカル溶液水は、第２アウトレット・チャネル６を通じて排水される豊富水素水によって第１アウトレット・チャネル４を通じてＨＥＦＥセルから流出する。インレット・チャネル２を通じて処理水が流入すると、ＨＥＦＥセル１０内部のプロトンのイオン交換膜８が入ってくる水を仕切る。本発明のプロトンのイオン交換膜８は一般に平坦であって、約１０μｍ〜５００μｍの厚みを有する固体高分子電解質から形成される。殆どの硬水（または通常水）に見られるカルシウムイオン及びマグネシウムイオンが透過性ではなく、プロトンのイオン交換膜８の多孔質表面を塞ぐ傾向があって、その性能を劣化するので、ＨＥＦＥ用には軟水または純化水が推奨される。 FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a high field electrolysis (HEFE) cell 10 of the present invention. As shown, the HEFE cell 10 is flat with dimensions that can be modified to properly accommodate the device in any area or to meet production requirements with respect to the volume of FRS water generated. Structure. The treated water (purified or soft water) flows to the HEFE cell 10 through the inlet channel 2, and the electrolyzed free radical solution water is supplied to the first outlet channel 4 by the abundant hydrogen water drained through the second outlet channel 6. Through the HEFE cell. When treated water flows through the inlet channel 2, the proton ion exchange membrane 8 inside the HEFE cell 10 partitions the incoming water. The proton ion exchange membrane 8 of the present invention is generally flat and is formed of a solid polymer electrolyte having a thickness of about 10 μm to 500 μm. Calcium ions and magnesium ions found in most hard water (or normal water) are not permeable and tend to block the porous surface of the proton ion exchange membrane 8, degrading its performance, so for HEFE Soft water or purified water is recommended.
イオン交換膜８の一方側に結着されているメッシュ（またはネット）・タイプのアノード電極（＋）１６はアニオン（−）を引き付け、イオン交換膜８の他方側に結着されているメッシュ（またはネット）・タイプのカソード（−）電極１４はカチオン（＋）を引き付ける。電極１４，１６は、プロトンのイオン交換膜８内への水の取り入れのために、メッシュ（またはネット）のひも或いはワイヤの間における複数の穴或いは開口スペースから構成されている。アノード（＋）電極１６及びカソード（−）電極１４への（約５ボルトから２０ボルトの）電力の付与に及んで、電流（電子の流れ）が水を通過し、水分子をアノード（＋）電極上及び／またはアノード（＋）電極近傍で正イオン及び負イオンに分解する。正の水素カチオン（＋）はカソード（−）電極１４に向かって移行して、電子と混合して水素原子を形成する。２つの水素原子が組み合わせられてカソード（−）電極１４付近に水素分子Ｈ２を作り出し、アウトレット・チャネル６を通じて排出される水素リッチ水を発生する。Ｏ２ −またはＯＨ−ラジカル等の水酸化物イオン（アニオン（−））はアノード（＋）電極１６に向かって移動し、幾つかの電子と陽子とを失って酸素原子及び他のフリーラジカルを形成し、そしてＦＲＳ水として第２のアウトレット・チャネル４を通じて除去される。一般に、正に帯電したアノード（＋）電極１６（アニオン（−）側）での水流は、負に帯電したカソード（−）電極１４（カチオン（＋）側）での水流の１／１０未満である。電解セルは、ヒドロキシルラジカル、超酸化物、一重項酸素、過ヒドロキシラジカル、ヒドロキシルイオン、ヒドロペルオキシラジカル、水素過酸化物、オゾン、並びに、活性酸素を発生する。 A mesh (or net) type anode electrode (+) 16 bonded to one side of the ion exchange membrane 8 attracts anions (−), and a mesh (which is bonded to the other side of the ion exchange membrane 8 ( Alternatively, the net) type cathode (-) electrode 14 attracts cations (+). The electrodes 14 and 16 are composed of a plurality of holes or open spaces between mesh (or net) strings or wires for taking water into the ion exchange membrane 8 of protons . Upon application of power (approximately 5 to 20 volts) to the anode (+) electrode 16 and the cathode (−) electrode 14, a current (electron flow) passes through the water and water molecules are passed through the anode (+). It decomposes into positive and negative ions on the electrode and / or near the anode (+) electrode. Positive hydrogen cations (+) migrate toward the cathode (-) electrode 14 and mix with electrons to form hydrogen atoms. The two hydrogen atoms combine to create hydrogen molecules H 2 near the cathode (−) electrode 14, generating hydrogen-rich water that is discharged through the outlet channel 6. Hydroxide ions (anions (−)) such as O 2 — or OH — radicals move towards the anode (+) electrode 16 and lose some electrons and protons to remove oxygen atoms and other free radicals. Formed and removed through the second outlet channel 4 as FRS water. In general, the water flow at the positively charged anode (+) electrode 16 (anion (−) side) is less than 1/10 of the water flow at the negatively charged cathode (−) electrode 14 (cation (+) side). is there. The electrolysis cell generates hydroxyl radicals, superoxide, singlet oxygen, perhydroxy radicals, hydroxyl ions, hydroperoxy radicals, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and active oxygen.
図２は、高電界電解セル１０に使用された他の構成要素に加えて、電極１４及び１６の詳細な層状構造を図示している。一般に、電極１４，１６はプラチナ或いは他の貴金属で被覆或いは形成されており、プロトンのイオン交換膜８及び転換ガイド２０の間に配置されている。この転換ガイド２０は、典型的には、アクリル樹脂製であるが、ステンレスまたはチタニウム等の他の適切な材料で置き換えられ得る。電極１４，１６は、プレス結着機構（不図示）または単にプロトンのイオン交換膜８上への被覆によって該プロトンのイオン交換膜８に固定及び結着され得る。簡略化のためにカソード（−）電極１４のみが図２に図示されているが、理解して頂きたいことは、同様の構成がプロトンのイオン交換膜８及び転換ガイド２０に関してアノード（＋）電極１６の配置に対して為される。更には、図２に図示されているカソード（−）電極１４の構造に対する説明もそのアノード（＋）電極１６に適用される。図２におけるＡ−Ａ’断面に図示されているように、本発明の各メッシュ電極１４，１６は、イオン交換膜８での、またはイオン交換膜８近傍での水の流れに乱れを発生する粗い非平滑表面層２２，２６で構成されている。第１の粗表面層は非常に小さな（または微細な）突出部２２で構成され、その他が比較的に粗い（またはより大きな）隆起物２６を伴っている。各電極のより小さな突出物メッシュ層２２はプロトンのイオン交換膜８と対向すると共にそれに結着し、より大きな隆起物メッシュ層側２６は水流と対向し、イオン交換膜８から遠ざかって近接している。水流上に、それら大小の突起メッシュ層２６，２２の双方が小さな矢印で図示されている水の無秩序な乱流を作り出し、水をプロトンのイオン交換膜８内に付勢している。水流と直接対向しているより粗い（またはより大きな突起）表面メッシュ層２６はこの水流の「道」内にあって、水流内に最大限の乱流を作り出している。この構造はプロトンのイオン交換膜表面またはプロトンのイオン交換膜表面近傍における無秩序な流れ促進し、真水のその中への取り入れの効率を改善している。加えて、水取り入れの乱れた流れは余剰酸素の膜８内への吸収を可能とし、水の溶解酸素（ＤＯ）レベルを増大することで電解の効率を改善し、次いでそれは水の酸化還元ポテンシャル（ＯＲＰ）・レベルを改善する。 FIG. 2 illustrates the detailed layered structure of the electrodes 14 and 16 in addition to the other components used in the high electrolysis cell 10. In general, the electrodes 14 and 16 are coated or formed of platinum or other noble metal, and are disposed between the proton ion exchange membrane 8 and the conversion guide 20. The conversion guide 20 is typically made of acrylic resin, but can be replaced with other suitable materials such as stainless steel or titanium. Electrodes 14 and 16 may be secured and a binder to the ion-exchange membrane 8 of the protons by a coating of the press binding mechanism (not shown) or just above the ion-exchange membrane 8 of protons. For simplicity, only the cathode (−) electrode 14 is shown in FIG. 2, but it should be understood that a similar configuration is the anode (+) electrode with respect to the proton ion exchange membrane 8 and conversion guide 20. This is done for 16 arrangements. Further, the description of the structure of the cathode (−) electrode 14 shown in FIG. 2 also applies to the anode (+) electrode 16. As shown in the AA ′ cross section in FIG. 2, each mesh electrode 14, 16 of the present invention generates a disturbance in the flow of water at or near the ion exchange membrane 8. It is composed of rough non-smooth surface layers 22 and 26. The first rough surface layer is composed of very small (or fine) protrusions 22 and the other with relatively rough (or larger) ridges 26. The smaller protrusion mesh layer 22 of each electrode faces and binds to the proton ion exchange membrane 8, and the larger raised mesh layer side 26 faces the water flow and is away from and close to the ion exchange membrane 8. Yes. On the water flow, both the large and small protruding mesh layers 26, 22 create a chaotic turbulent flow of water, which is illustrated by small arrows, and urges the water into the proton ion exchange membrane 8. A coarser (or larger protrusion) surface mesh layer 26 directly opposite the water flow is within the “way” of this water flow, creating maximum turbulence in the water flow. This structure was disordered flow promoters in the ion-exchange membrane surface near the ion exchange membrane surface or protons of the proton, and improve the efficiency of intake into the fresh water. In addition, the turbulent flow of water uptake allows absorption of surplus oxygen into the membrane 8 and improves electrolysis efficiency by increasing the dissolved oxygen (DO) level of the water, which in turn is the redox potential of the water. Improve (ORP) level.
図４は本発明に従った水素脱気の第２実施例を図示している。この実施例によって、カソード（−）電極１４（またはカチオン（＋）側）は外気に開放され、水素ガスが単純に水から外側の空気に蒸発する。この実施例によって、水レベル３８はあふれを防止すべく制御される。カソード（−）電極１４で水素分子等のカチオン（＋）が発生し、水素ガスが水中に浮かぶ。水素ガスやプロトンのイオン交換膜８の小さな開口を貫通するナトリウム等のその他のかすかな物質を洗い流すのに、水を使用することができる。 FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of hydrogen degassing according to the present invention. According to this embodiment, the cathode (-) electrode 14 (or cation (+) side) is opened to the outside air, and hydrogen gas simply evaporates from water to the outside air. With this embodiment, the water level 38 is controlled to prevent overflow. Cations (+) such as hydrogen molecules are generated at the cathode (−) electrode 14, and hydrogen gas floats in water. Water can be used to wash out other faint substances such as sodium that penetrate the small openings in the ion exchange membrane 8 of hydrogen gas or protons .
Claims (6)
前記構造が２つの平坦メッシュ電極の間でそれらに接触して配置された平坦なプロトンのイオン交換膜を収容し、
前記電極のそれぞれが、第一隆起パターンを有するワイヤの第一層と該第一隆起パターンより小さな第二隆起パターンを有するワイヤの第二層とを含み、
前記電極への電力の付与が前記インレット・チャネルを通じて流れる水を電気分解し、前記第１アウトレット・チャネルを通じて出力されるフリーラジカル溶液水と前記第２アウトレット・チャネルを通じて出力される水素リッチ水とを発生させることを特徴とする電解セル。 An electrolytic cell comprising a structure having at least one inlet channel for taking water, a first outlet channel for the output of hydrogen-rich water , and a second outlet channel for the output of free radical solution water. And
The structure contains an ion exchange membrane of flat protons arranged between and in contact with two flat mesh electrodes;
Each of the electrodes comprises a first layer of wire having a first raised pattern and a second layer of wire having a second raised pattern smaller than the first raised pattern;
Application of power to the electrode electrolyzes water flowing through the inlet channel, free radical solution water output through the first outlet channel, and hydrogen-rich water output through the second outlet channel. An electrolysis cell characterized by being generated.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2003/006601 WO2004079051A1 (en) | 2003-03-04 | 2003-03-04 | High electric field electrolysis cell |
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| JP2006519090A JP2006519090A (en) | 2006-08-24 |
| JP2006519090A5 true JP2006519090A5 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| JP4392354B2 JP4392354B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
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| US (2) | US20070017801A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1613793A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4392354B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1780938A (en) |
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| US4057482A (en) * | 1972-06-16 | 1977-11-08 | Candor James T | Apparatus for removing liquid from liquid bearing material |
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| IT1202425B (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1989-02-09 | Giuseppe Bianchi | ELECTROCHEMICAL DEOXYGENATION PROCESS FOR THE CONTROL OF CORROSION IN DEIONIZED WATERS |
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2003
- 2003-03-04 CN CNA038260697A patent/CN1780938A/en active Pending
- 2003-03-04 JP JP2004569170A patent/JP4392354B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-04 EP EP03816188A patent/EP1613793A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-04 US US10/547,531 patent/US20070017801A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-04 WO PCT/US2003/006601 patent/WO2004079051A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-03-04 AU AU2003225659A patent/AU2003225659A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-05-11 US US12/464,023 patent/US20090266706A1/en not_active Abandoned
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