JP2006515654A - Defense wall panel assembly - Google Patents

Defense wall panel assembly Download PDF

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JP2006515654A
JP2006515654A JP2006501123A JP2006501123A JP2006515654A JP 2006515654 A JP2006515654 A JP 2006515654A JP 2006501123 A JP2006501123 A JP 2006501123A JP 2006501123 A JP2006501123 A JP 2006501123A JP 2006515654 A JP2006515654 A JP 2006515654A
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assembly
strap
wall panel
wall panels
wall
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ハンクス，ジエフリー・アラン
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/541—Joints substantially without separate connecting elements, e.g. jointing by inter-engagement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/64—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/6116—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by locking means on lateral surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B2001/6195—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the slabs being connected at an angle, e.g. forming a corner
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

風で吹き飛ばされた破片や爆風に対する防御に特に好適な壁パネル組立品は、近接する壁パネル間の空隙を接続する曲成ストラップを含み、曲成ストラップは突然の外力により屈曲可能である。A wall panel assembly that is particularly suitable for protection against wind blown debris and blasts includes a curved strap that connects the gap between adjacent wall panels, which can be bent by sudden external forces.

Description

本発明は、激しい暴風や爆風により生じるような衝撃荷重に対する抵抗性を改善するための、曲成ストラップジョイントを用いた防御壁パネルの組立方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for assembling a defense wall panel using a bent strap joint for improving resistance to impact loads caused by severe storms and blasts.

暴風や爆風シェルタは、トルネードやハリケーンが活発な地域における激しい暴風に対する民間人保護や、爆風からの軍人保護の安全避難所を提供する為に必要である。防御壁およびビルの設計は業界に公知であり、様々な形態を採る。激しい嵐用に提案された壁の設計については、連邦緊急管理庁（ＦＥＭＡ）の様々な報告書に詳細が記載されている。耐爆風シェルタ用の様々な壁設計は、特許業界において詳細に記載されている。   Storms and blast shelters are necessary to provide civilian protection against severe storms in areas where tornadoes and hurricanes are active, and to provide safe shelters to protect military personnel from blasts. Defense wall and building designs are well known in the industry and take a variety of forms. The proposed wall design for severe storms is detailed in various reports of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Various wall designs for blast resistant shelters have been described in detail in the patent industry.

トルネードにより生じる風力荷重および破片の衝撃に抵抗するための壁および建物構造のための設計が非特許文献１および非特許文献２に記載されている。他の設計の耐風衝撃性壁は、連邦緊急管理庁に提出された非特許文献３に記載されている。これらの設計は、トルネード衝撃基準には適合していないが、あまり激しくない嵐に対する防御は改善されている。   Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2 describe designs for walls and building structures to resist wind loads and debris impacts caused by tornadoes. Other designs of wind-resistant walls are described in Non-Patent Document 3 submitted to the Federal Emergency Management Agency. These designs do not meet the tornado impact criteria but have improved protection against less severe storms.

特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３、特許文献４、特許文献５および特許文献６には、耐爆風および耐銃弾壁および建物の様々な形態のいくつかがそれぞれ記載されている。   Patent Literature 1, Patent Literature 2, Patent Literature 3, Patent Literature 4, Patent Literature 5 and Patent Literature 6 describe some of various forms of explosion-proof and bullet-proof walls and buildings, respectively.

これらのエンジニアード壁システムの多くは、使用分野で後に組み立てられるモジュール壁システムを作成することができる。かかるモジュールのやり方を用いると、組立てを容易にする単純なフィールドジョイントは、構造上の荷重伝達を行い、さらに耐衝撃性も与え、望ましい。   Many of these engineered wall systems can create modular wall systems that are later assembled in the field of use. With such a modular approach, a simple field joint that facilitates assembly provides structural load transfer and also provides impact resistance.

ある程度の可撓性を衝撃の方向に与えると、かかる可撓性によって、全体の耐衝撃性が改善されることは業界では周知である。かかる可撓性を有する業界の様々な壁設計は、特に、取り付け点近傍で、これらの壁システムの動きを制限しないようなやり方で結合させなければならない。壁が隅部で互いに当接するジョイントや、一方の壁が他方の壁の動きを実質的に制限し得るその他の非平面ジョイント近傍では、これは最も重要である。   It is well known in the industry that providing a degree of flexibility in the direction of the impact improves the overall impact resistance by such flexibility. Various wall designs in the industry with such flexibility must be combined in a manner that does not limit the movement of these wall systems, particularly near the attachment point. This is most important in the vicinity of joints where the walls abut each other at the corners or other non-planar joints where one wall can substantially limit the movement of the other wall.

米国特許第３，９９４，１０５号明細書US Pat. No. 3,994,105 米国特許第４，１４３，５０１号明細書US Pat. No. 4,143,501 米国特許第４，５６６，２３７号明細書US Pat. No. 4,566,237 米国特許第４，６９１，４８３号明細書US Pat. No. 4,691,483 米国特許第４，７４８，７９０号明細書US Pat. No. 4,748,790 米国特許第４，９３７，１２５号明細書US Pat. No. 4,937,125 嵐からのシェルタ獲得（ＦＥＭＡ刊行物３２０）Acquiring Shelter from Arashi (FEMA Publication 320) 地域シェルタ用設計および建築ガイド（ＦＥＭＡ刊行物３６１）Regional Shelter Design and Architecture Guide (FEMA Publication 361) クレムソン大学（Ｃｌｅｍｓｏｎ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ）による２０００年５月３１日付けの報告書「激しい暴風に対して向上された防御（Ｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄ Ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ Ｓｅｖｅｒｅ Ｗｉｎｄ Ｓｔｏｒｍｓ）」A report dated May 31, 2000 by the Clemson University “Enhanced Protection for Severe Wind Storms”

壁セグメント間の可撓性が改善された風や暴風に対する抵抗性のある防御壁システムを組み立てる方法が求められている。現場で容易に組み立てられ、可撓性の改善された非平面壁セグメント間のジョイントが特に求められている。   There is a need for a method of assembling a defense wall system that is resistant to wind and storms with improved flexibility between wall segments. There is a particular need for joints between non-planar wall segments that are easily assembled in the field and have improved flexibility.

本発明は、
（ａ）互いに非平面配向で配置され、２つの近接する壁パネル間に空隙が存在する少なくとも２つの壁パネルと、
（ｂ）２つの近接する壁パネル間の空隙に架設される少なくとも１つの曲成ストラップとを含んでなり、
曲成ストラップが近接する壁パネルに固定接続されており、
風で吹き飛ばされた破片や爆風による壁パネルにかかった力によりストラップは屈曲可能である、風で吹き飛ばされた破片や爆風に対する防御に特に好適な壁パネル組立品に関する。 The present invention
(A) at least two wall panels that are arranged in a non-planar orientation with respect to each other and a gap exists between two adjacent wall panels;
(B) comprising at least one bent strap erected in a gap between two adjacent wall panels;
A curved strap is fixedly connected to the adjacent wall panel,
The present invention relates to a wall panel assembly that is particularly suitable for protection against debris blown by wind or a blast, in which the strap can be bent by a force applied to the wall panel by debris blown by the wind or a blast.

本発明において、爆発による風で吹き飛ばされた破片のような突発的な衝撃により生じた力に耐えることのできる少なくとも１つの壁パネルを用いることが必要である。壁パネルのタイプを変更して、鋼のような金属、木材または数種類の異なる材料の複合体から形成することができる。典型的には衝撃による壁の損傷はあるが、壁の目的は、建物の部屋の中にいる人を保護する等その完全性を保つことである。１つのみの耐衝撃性壁パネルを用いて外力から防御することもできるが、耐衝撃性を有する２つの近接する壁パネルを用いる方が防御力が大きくなり望ましい。   In the present invention, it is necessary to use at least one wall panel that can withstand the forces generated by sudden impacts such as debris blown away by wind due to explosion. The wall panel type can be varied and formed from a metal such as steel, wood or a composite of several different materials. Although there is typically damage to the wall due to impact, the purpose of the wall is to preserve its integrity, such as protecting people in a building room. Although it is possible to protect against external force using only one impact-resistant wall panel, it is preferable to use two adjacent wall panels having impact resistance because the defense power is increased.

壁パネルの防御はその構造によって異なる。力に耐える能力が大きいと、防御力が大きい。耐衝撃性を判断する試験手順の一例としては、ＡＳＴＭ手順Ｅ１８８６−９７がある。例えば、３３キログラム（１５ポンド）２×４の木材発射体を用いて壁に衝撃を与える。発射体速度に耐える壁の能力が、その抵抗力を判断する尺度である。望ましい抵抗力は、時速１６１キロメートル（１００マイル）の衝撃速度のときである。時速８０または９０マイルを超える衝撃速度だと、抵抗力が少なく不合格となる。   The protection of the wall panel depends on its structure. The greater the ability to withstand power, the greater the defense. An example of a test procedure for determining impact resistance is ASTM procedure E1886-97. For example, a wall is impacted with a 33 kilogram (15 pound) 2 × 4 wood projectile. The ability of a wall to withstand projectile speed is a measure of its resistance. The desired resistance is at an impact speed of 161 kilometers per hour (100 miles). If the impact speed exceeds 80 or 90 miles per hour, there will be little resistance and it will fail.

爆発による力に対する所望の抵抗力を得るために、ＡＳＴＭ手順Ｅ１８８６−９７試験手順に従って抵抗力を判断する同様のやり方で、用いる壁パネルの種類を判断することができる。   In order to obtain the desired resistance to explosion forces, the type of wall panel used can be determined in a similar manner to determine resistance according to ASTM procedure E1886-97 test procedure.

風で吹き飛ばされた破片について好適な壁構造は、ここに参考文献として組み込まれる２００１年１０月１５日出願の米国特許出願第０９／９７７，６４８号および２００２年１２月３日出願の第１０／３０８，４９２号に記載されている。構造の一例を挙げると、
（ａ）１立方センチメートル当たり０．１０グラム以下の密度を有する材料層と、
（ｂ）樹脂によるファイバーボンダーを含有する布地層と、
（ｃ）構造化被覆層とを順に含んでなる複合体である。 Suitable wall structures for wind blown debris are described in US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 977,648, filed Oct. 15, 2001, and 10/10, filed Dec. 3, 2002, incorporated herein by reference. 308,492. An example of the structure:
(A) a material layer having a density of 0.10 grams or less per cubic centimeter;
(B) a fabric layer containing a fiber bonder made of resin;
(C) A composite comprising a structured coating layer in order.

壁組立品の構造の必要な部分で、ストラップを用いて、近接する壁パネルを接続する。本明細書で用いるストラップとは、対象物を固定位置に保持するためのバンドまたはプレートのことを意味する。ストラップは鋼やアルミニウムのような金属構造であってもよいが、プラスチックや異なる材料の複合体のようなその他の材料も好適である。   At the necessary part of the structure of the wall assembly, straps are used to connect adjacent wall panels. As used herein, a strap means a band or plate for holding an object in a fixed position. The strap may be a metal structure such as steel or aluminum, but other materials such as plastic and composites of different materials are also suitable.

ストラップは、近接する壁パネルに固定接続されており、パネルを適所に保持している。しかしながら、ストラップは壁パネルにかかった力のために屈曲可能である。ストラップの屈曲量は、その最終用途により決まることがすぐに分かる。例えば、衝撃に対する大きな抵抗力を必要とすることで、屈曲に対する大きな抵抗力が決まる。同様に、ストラップ屈曲量は、近接する壁パネルを接続するストラップの数によっても決まる。ストラップの数が多いほど、屈曲に対する抵抗力の必要性は減る。   The strap is fixedly connected to the adjacent wall panel and holds the panel in place. However, the strap is bendable due to the force on the wall panel. It can be readily seen that the amount of bending of the strap depends on its end use. For example, by requiring a large resistance to impact, a large resistance to bending is determined. Similarly, the amount of strap bending is also determined by the number of straps connecting adjacent wall panels. The greater the number of straps, the less need for resistance to bending.

例えば、一重と二重ストラップの両方が好適である。金属ストラップの好適な厚さを挙げると、０．０６インチ（１．５ｍｍ）〜０．３７５インチ（９．５ｍｍ）、例えば、０．０７５インチ（０．１９ｍｍ）〜０．１５０インチ（３．８ｍｍ）である。   For example, both single and double straps are suitable. Suitable thicknesses for the metal strap include 0.06 inch (1.5 mm) to 0.375 inch (9.5 mm), such as 0.075 inch (0.19 mm) to 0.150 inch (3. 8 mm).

ストラップは、内側または外側壁部分のみに用いてもよいが、内側および外側壁の近接する壁パネルを接続するために個々のストラップが存在しているのが好ましい。内側とは、部屋の内部を形成する壁のような互いに向き合う壁の部分を意味する。外側とは、部屋の外部を形成する壁のような互いに向き合っていない壁の部分を意味する。ストラップは、非平面配向で壁を接続する。すなわち、壁は互いに角度をなしている。例えば、壁は大抵９０度の角度で結合されている。互いに結合する２つの壁の一例を挙げると、３０〜１２０度の範囲内の角度である。また、壁が接触していると、突発的な衝撃に際して適切にストラップが屈曲しないため、近接する壁間に空隙がある。一般的な空隙は少なくとも３ｍｍ（０．１２５インチ）と考えられる。好ましい構造において、突発的な衝撃に耐えられる壁は、近接する壁を接続する内側と外側壁表面の両方において、２つの近接する壁にストラップで結合している。   The straps may be used only on the inner or outer wall portion, but preferably there are individual straps to connect adjacent wall panels of the inner and outer walls. By inside is meant the parts of the wall that face each other, such as the walls that form the interior of the room. Outside means the part of the wall that does not face each other, such as the wall that forms the exterior of the room. The straps connect the walls in a non-planar orientation. That is, the walls are angled with respect to each other. For example, the walls are usually joined at an angle of 90 degrees. An example of two walls joined together is an angle in the range of 30-120 degrees. In addition, if the walls are in contact, the strap does not bend properly in the event of a sudden impact, so there is a gap between adjacent walls. A typical air gap is considered to be at least 3 mm (0.125 inch). In a preferred construction, a wall that can withstand sudden impacts is strapped to two adjacent walls, both on the inner and outer wall surfaces connecting the adjacent walls.

上記の開示において、ストラップを用いた壁組立品の組み合わせを、風で吹き飛ばされた破片および爆発のような突発的な衝撃に対する抵抗性および防御性に関して説明してきた。しかしながら、かかる抵抗性を有する必要のない壁組立品も本発明の範囲内である。従って、壁パネルを、過剰の突発的な衝撃に対するかかる抵抗力で用いることができる。更に、ストラップは、壁パネルの一つに最低の力がかかったときに屈曲する能力を有している。   In the above disclosure, the combination of wall assemblies using straps has been described with respect to resistance and protection against sudden impacts such as blown debris and explosions. However, wall assemblies that do not need to have such resistance are also within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the wall panel can be used with such resistance to excessive sudden impacts. In addition, the strap has the ability to bend when the least force is applied to one of the wall panels.

以下の実施例により本発明をさらに例証する。   The following examples further illustrate the invention.

実施例１
外部寸法が長さ１１５インチ×幅６４インチ×高さ９４インチの図１に示すシェルタシステムを、トルネード風により生じた風で吹き飛ばされた破片から中にいる人を防御するべく設計されたエンジニアード壁およびルーフパネルから組み立てた。それぞれ幅４８インチ×高さ８８インチの５つの壁パネルとモジュールドアユニットを用いた。幅４８インチ×長さ４８インチの２つの天井パネルを屋根に用いた。１層の３／４インチの合板、厚さ５−１／２インチ、密度１ｌｂ／ｃｕ−ｆｔ（０．０１６ｇｍ／ｃｃ）の鋼強化膨張ポリスチレンコア、ポリエチレンコポリマー樹脂によりボンドされた３層の１３ｏｚ／ｓｑ−ｙｄアラミド布からできたラミネート布地パネル、１つの１層の１／２インチ合板の順で用いてパネルを作成した。コア内の鋼強化は、パネルの各面に平らに置かれた１６インチ中心の２４ゲージの２×４の一般的な金属枠スタッドで行った。米国特許第４，２４１，５５５号明細書に記載されているように、発泡プロセス中にさらに強化を加えた。３インチの中心周囲および６インチ中心の現場スタッドに沿って、パネルの各面で動力駆動する駆動ローレットネイルで留めることにより、材料の層を互いに結合させた。 Example 1
Engineered to protect the person inside the shelter system shown in Figure 1, measuring 115 inches long x 64 inches wide x 94 inches high, from the debris blown away by the tornado wind Assembled from wall and roof panels. Five wall panels and module door units, each 48 inches wide by 88 inches high, were used. Two ceiling panels, 48 inches wide by 48 inches long, were used for the roof. 1 layer 3/4 inch plywood, 5-1 / 2 inch thickness, steel reinforced expanded polystyrene core with density 1 lb / cu-ft (0.016 gm / cc), 3 layers 13 oz bonded by polyethylene copolymer resin A panel was made using a laminate fabric panel made of / sq-yd aramid fabric, followed by a single layer of 1/2 inch plywood. The steel reinforcement in the core was done with a 16 inch centered 24 gauge 2 × 4 common metal frame stud placed flat on each side of the panel. Additional reinforcement was added during the foaming process as described in US Pat. No. 4,241,555. The layers of material were bonded together by fastening with drive knurled nails powered by each side of the panel along a 3 inch center circumference and a 6 inch center field stud.

図２に示すようにして、２つの場所で４５°の角度曲げて、矩形シェルタを組み立てるのに必要な９０°隅部接続を作成した、２つの１１ゲージ（厚さ０．１２インチ）のシート金属ブラケットを用いてパネルを組み立てた。１／２合板の面を外側に向けた。３つの直径３／８インチのボルトを用いて、各パネルを金属ストラップコネクタの端部に留めた。接続した近接するパネルの隅部間に３／８インチのスペースが存在した。   Two 11 gauge (0.12 inch thick) sheets that were bent at 45 ° at two locations to create the 90 ° corner connections required to assemble the rectangular shelter as shown in FIG. Panels were assembled using metal brackets. The half plywood face was directed outward. Each panel was fastened to the end of a metal strap connector using three 3/8 inch diameter bolts. There was a 3/8 inch space between the corners of adjacent connected panels.

１００ｍｐｈで進む１５ｌｂの２×４（インチ）の木材発射体によりシェルタのいくつかの位置で衝撃を与えて、１９９９年５月２８日、ＦＥＭＡ、第１付加、国際性能基準規定（ｐｒｏｖｉｓｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａ ｆｏｒ Ｔｏｒｎａｄｏ Ｓｈｅｌｔｅｒｓ， Ｆｉｒｓｔ Ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ）「シェルタ壁および天井の、風で飛ばされるミサイルに対する耐衝撃性（Ｗｉｎｄｂｏｒｎｅ Ｍｉｓｓｉｌｅ Ｉｍｐａｃｔ Ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ ｏｎ Ｓｈｅｌｔｅｒ Ｗａｌｌ ａｎｄ Ｃｅｉｌｉｎｇ）」を満たす能力を評価した。ＡＳＴＭ Ｅ１８８６−９７に従って、大砲を据え付け、発射した。   Impacted at several locations on the shelter by 15 lb 2x4 (inch) wood projectiles traveling at 100 mph, May 28, 1999, FEMA, first addition, provisions of the National “Performance Criteria for Tornado Shelters, First Addition” “Shoulder wall and ceiling impact resistance against wind-blown missiles (Windbone Missile Impact on Shelter ability evaluation). The cannon was installed and fired according to ASTM E1886-97.

ＦＥＭＡ規定に必要とされる通り、シェルタへ発射された全ての発射体は通過せずに止まり、発射体は跳ね返った。この際に撮った高速写真によれば、ジョイントが衝撃によって内側に屈曲して、発射体からのエネルギーの一部を吸収するのを助けたことが分かった。裏側の合板層は、衝撃点周囲にわずかなひびを示しただけだった。シェルタ組立品は、トルネードシェルタの国際性能基準の規定に準拠していると考えられた。   As required by the FEMA regulations, all projectiles launched into the shelter stopped without passing and the projectiles bounced back. High-speed photos taken at this time showed that the joints bent inward by impact and helped absorb some of the energy from the projectile. The plywood layer on the back side showed only a slight crack around the impact point. The shelter assembly was considered to be compliant with international performance standards for tornado shelters.

実施例１のシェルタシステムの概略図である。It is the schematic of the shelter system of Example 1. FIG. 実施例１のストラップにより接続された壁位置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the wall position connected by the strap of Example 1. FIG.

Claims (17)

（ａ）互いに非平面配向で配置され、２つの近接する壁パネル間に空隙が存在する少なくとも２つの壁パネルと、
（ｂ）２つの近接する壁パネル間の前記空隙に架設される少なくとも１つの曲成ストラップと
を含んでなり、
前記曲成ストラップが近接する壁パネルに固定接続されており、
前記ストラップが壁パネルにかかった力により屈曲可能である壁パネル組立品。 (A) at least two wall panels that are arranged in a non-planar orientation with respect to each other and a gap exists between two adjacent wall panels;
(B) comprising at least one bent strap constructed in the gap between two adjacent wall panels;
The curved strap is fixedly connected to an adjacent wall panel;
A wall panel assembly in which the strap can be bent by a force applied to the wall panel. 個々のストラップが近接する壁パネルの内側表面と外側表面を接続している請求項１に記載の組立品。   2. The assembly of claim 1 wherein individual straps connect the inner and outer surfaces of adjacent wall panels. １つの壁パネルが個々のストラップにより２つの壁パネルに接続している請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein one wall panel is connected to two wall panels by individual straps. 前記ストラップがバンドを含んでなる請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap comprises a band. 前記ストラップがプレートを含んでなる請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap comprises a plate. 前記ストラップが金属を含んでなる請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap comprises metal. 前記ストラップが鋼を含んでなる請求項６に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 6, wherein the strap comprises steel. 前記ストラップがアルミニウムを含んでなる請求項６に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 6, wherein the strap comprises aluminum. 前記ストラップが複合体を含んでなる請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap comprises a composite. 壁パネルが他方に対して３０〜１２０度の角度で配置されている請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the wall panel is disposed at an angle of 30 to 120 degrees relative to the other. 近接する壁パネル間の間隙が少なくとも０．１２５インチ（３ｍｍ）である請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1 wherein the gap between adjacent wall panels is at least 0.125 inches (3 mm). 一重金属ストラップを用いている請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly according to claim 1, wherein a single metal strap is used. 二重金属ストラップを用いている請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly according to claim 1, wherein a double metal strap is used. 前記ストラップが０．０７５インチ（０．１９ｍｍ）〜０．１５０インチ（３．８ｍｍ）である請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap is 0.075 inches (0.19 mm) to 0.150 inches (3.8 mm). １つの壁パネルが
（ａ）１立方センチメートル当たり０．１０グラム以下の密度を有する材料層と、
（ｂ）樹脂でボンドされたファイバーを含有する布地層と、
（ｃ）構造化被覆層とを順に含んでなり、
前記布地層は、その複合体を剛性枠に装着して、ＡＳＴＭ試験手順Ｅ−１８８６−９７に従って時速１６１キロメートル（１００マイル）の速度で３３キログラム（１５ポンド）の発射体により衝撃を与えると、５．０〜１７．５センチメートルの範囲で撓む請求項１に記載の組立品。 One wall panel (a) a layer of material having a density of 0.10 grams or less per cubic centimeter;
(B) a fabric layer containing fibers bonded with resin;
(C) comprising, in turn, a structured coating layer;
When the fabric layer is mounted on a rigid frame and impacted by a 33 kilogram (15 pound) projectile at a speed of 161 kilometers per hour (100 miles) according to ASTM test procedure E-1886-97, The assembly of claim 1, wherein the assembly bends in the range of 5.0-17.5 centimeters. 前記ストラップが、風で吹き飛ばされた破片または爆風による外力のために屈曲可能である請求項１に記載の組立品。   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the strap is bendable due to external forces caused by wind blown debris or blast. 前記ストラップが、時速１００マイルの風速における破片により屈曲可能である請求項１６に記載の組立品。
The assembly of claim 16 wherein the strap is bendable by debris at a wind speed of 100 miles per hour.
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