JP2006334772A - Cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter capable of cutting a work in the shape of coarse grains into fine particles efficiently, continuously, and without causing a drop of the physical properties. <P>SOLUTION: The cutter 1 is equipped with an upper stage hopper 1, a middle stage hopper 3 and a lower stage hoper 4 each having a processing chamber internally which is provided with a plurality of through holes to admit intrusion of part of a work to be cut, and a plate-shaped stationary blade with the upper edge of the through hole serving as a stationary cutting edge and with a rotary blade having a rotary cutting edge to cut the work in cooperation with the stationary cutting edge. Further the cutter 1 is equipped with a cooling device 80 to cool the work to be cut, a particle classifying device 90 to classify the particles having fallen from the through holes after being cut into those having sizes equal to and smaller than the reference dimension and those having sizes exceeding the reference dimension, and a re-casting device 100 to return the particles exceeding the reference dimension to the cutting process with the stationary cutting edge and the movable cutting edge. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting machine for cutting molded waste and other various cut objects (particularly suitable is a coarse-grain cut object made of a polymer material).

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutting machine that cuts molding wastes such as sprues and runners into granules and regenerates them as molding materials is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a molding waste made of a rigid material such as a hard synthetic resin is roughly cut with a large number of rotary cutting blades and fixed cutting blades, and then a comb-shaped oscillating shear blade and a comb-shaped fixed shear blade. And a granulator that pushes into a granular form is described. However, molding waste made of a flexible elastic material such as elastomer, soft resin, or rubber is difficult to cut into granules (for example, connected to a portion that cannot be cut and twisted) and recycled as a molding material. It was difficult.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an inner tank provided with a plurality of first holes for crushing or cutting an object to be pulverized to a predetermined size in cooperation with an L-shaped cutter and allowing the object to be pulverized to pass through. And a vertical crusher provided with an outer tank provided with a plurality of second holes that allow the material to be crushed that has passed through the first hole to be inserted while being cut. However, it is considered that this pulverizer takes time and labor to manufacture the tank-shaped inner tank and outer tank. In addition, since there are gaps of about 2 mm between the L-shaped cutter and the inner tub, and between the inner tub and the outer tub, molding and disposal made of a flexible elastic material such as elastomer, soft resin, rubber, etc. It seems difficult to grind things. Furthermore, the first hole and the second hole are also clogged.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a grain of long grain rice in which a large number of bottomed hole-shaped pockets are provided on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical drum that is driven to rotate, and a protruding part of rice grains partially entering each pocket is cut with a cutter. A length adjustment device is described. However, it is considered that this grain length adjusting device takes time and labor to manufacture the drum. There is also concern about clogging of the pockets.

Accordingly, the present inventor firstly provided a hole having a relatively large opening area in the upper fixed bottom plate (hereinafter referred to as a fixed blade body) and a hole having a relatively small opening area in the lower fixed blade body. A plurality of holes are provided, and a part of the inner edge of each hole is used as a fixed blade, a rotating rotary blade body is provided in contact with each fixed blade body, and the front edge in the rotational direction of each rotary blade body is used as a rotary blade. A crusher configured to cut a workpiece that protrudes further downward by a shearing action of a fixed blade and a rotary blade was developed and applied for a patent (Patent Document 4).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-118515 JP-A-8-215594 Registered Utility Model No. 3002068 JP 2005-34743 A

  According to the crusher of patent document 4, the effect that it can cut | disconnect various to-be-cut objects efficiently with the stable shape by the simple and cheap structure was acquired. However, with a crusher of Patent Document 2, a fixed blade is used to cut a coarse cut object made of a polymer material such as a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic resin, or rubber into a finer fine particle having a particle diameter of several mm. When the hole of the body was set to a few mm, the same size as the particle size, the following problems occurred.

(1) Cutting efficiency is poor, and cutting becomes impossible after a while.
According to the study of the present inventor, it is presumed that the reason is as follows.
-Coarse grain cut material is difficult to enter the hole of the fixed blade.
・ The fine cut material to be cut does not fall out of the hole of the fixed blade body and clogs the hole. In particular, if the material to be cut is an elastic material such as an elastomer, a soft resin, or rubber, it is considered that the material to be cut easily stops in the hole due to elastic engagement.
・ If the material to be cut is a thermoplastic material such as a thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic resin, the material to be cut will soften and stick to the blade due to the heat generated by sliding or cutting of the blade, and the sharpness will be reduced. .

(2) The physical properties of the material to be cut are reduced.
This is because, due to the heat, the object to be cut becomes a shrunk string shape without becoming fine particles, or the properties deteriorate. If the physical properties are lowered in this way, it becomes difficult to recycle as a molding material.

(3) Something that cannot be cut sufficiently will be mixed.
Among the coarse-grained objects to be cut, there are cases where not only those that are cut into sufficiently fine fine particles but also those that pass through the holes in a coarse shape when cut slightly.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a cutting machine capable of cutting a coarse-grained object to be cut into fine particles efficiently and continuously without reducing physical properties. .

The cutting machine of the present invention employs the following means.
(1) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut is cut in cooperation with the first blade. The cutting machine provided with the 2nd blade body which formed the 2nd blade to perform, and a vibration device.

  Due to the vibration by the vibration device, the object to be cut is promoted to enter the hole, and the cutting efficiency is increased. In addition, since the object to be cut is shaken off from the hole by vibration and clogging of the hole is prevented, the cutting is continued without interruption.

(2) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, the first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body on which the second blade is formed and the cut object before cutting or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled to prevent softening of the cut object at the time of cutting. Cutting machine equipped with a cooling device.

  The cooling device cools the object to be cut before cutting or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut to prevent the temperature rise of the object to be cut and the softening caused by the cutting. For this reason, the object to be cut does not stick to the first blade or the second blade, the sharpness is maintained, and the object to be cut is prevented from sticking into the hole, and clogging is prevented.

(3) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut is cut in cooperation with the first blade. A second blade body that forms a second blade, and the second blade body is attached to the blade mounting body so that the mounting position in the tip direction can be changed and replaceable with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate protruding from the leading edge of the blade mounting body.

  Since the second blade is a metal plate having a clearance angle of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 1 to 4 mm, the contact area between the second blade formed at the tip and the first blade is small. This reduces the phenomenon that the object to be cut is pinched while being cut, and the discoloration due to burning or dirt of the object to be cut is prevented. In addition, since the second blade body is a metal plate attached to the blade mounting body so that the mounting position in the tip direction can be changed and can be replaced, the second blade formed at the tip is the first blade body. Even if worn by sliding contact, a new blade is created by the wear, and the blade can continue to be used as the second blade by changing the mounting position in the tip direction of the second blade body. Furthermore, the second blade that has reached the limit of changing the mounting position can be replaced with a new second blade.

(4) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut is cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body on which the second blade is formed, the vibration device, the object to be cut before the cutting, or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled, and the object to be cut at the time of cutting is cut Cutting machine equipped with a cooling device that prevents softening. This is a combination of the above (1) and (2).

(5) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut is cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body includes a second blade body that forms a second blade and a vibration device, and the second blade body has a clearance angle of 10 to 40 ° so that the mounting position of the blade mounting body in the distal direction can be changed and replaced. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate which is a metal plate having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm which is attached so as to protrude from the leading edge of the blade attachment body. This is a combination of (1) and (3) above.

(6) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut is cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body on which the second blade is formed and the cut object before cutting or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled to prevent softening of the cut object at the time of cutting. A metal plate having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm, wherein the second blade body is attached to the blade mounting body so that the mounting position in the tip direction can be changed and can be replaced with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate protruding from the leading edge of the blade mounting body. This is a combination of (2) and (3) above.

(7) A plurality of holes for entering a part of the object to be cut are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade The second blade body on which the second blade is formed, the vibration device, the object to be cut before the cutting, or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled, and the object to be cut at the time of cutting is cut The second blade body has a thickness 1 to be attached to the blade attachment body so that the attachment position in the tip direction can be changed and can be replaced with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °. A cutting machine, which is a 4 mm metal plate, and the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate protruding from the leading edge of the blade mounting body. This is a combination of (1), (2) and (3).

Furthermore, it is preferable that the cutting machine of the present invention includes the following sizing device and re-feeding device.
A sizing device for slicing a material to be cut that has fallen from the hole after the cutting into a material having a size less than or equal to a reference size, and a material to be cut that exceeds the reference size, the first blade and the second blade It is a re-input device for returning to the cutting by. It is possible to collect cut objects that are equal to or less than the standard size, and it is easy to recycle as recycled materials. In addition, it is convenient because an object exceeding the reference dimension can be automatically re-inserted and re-cut without manual intervention.

Hereinafter, aspects of each item in the above means will be described.
[To be cut]
The material to be cut is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include solid waste (rose) such as molded waste, wood waste, edible material, fertilizer, and feed. Examples of molding waste materials include polymer materials such as elastomers, rubbers, and synthetic resins. In addition to dry cuts that contain only solids and do not contain water, wet cuts that contain solids mixed with water, for example, mud containing porcelain blocks and water, cement slurries mixed with water into cement blocks, etc. Can also be cut.

  And this invention is especially effective when the coarse-grained to-be-cut object made from a polymeric material and having a particle diameter of about 2 to 10 mm is further cut into fine particles. By providing a vibration device that vibrates the fixed blade during cutting, it is facilitated that the coarse-grained object to be cut enters the hole of the first blade, and the fine-grained object to be cut is This is because it is shaken off even if it stops in the hole of one blade. Further, when the polymer material is a thermoplastic material such as a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic resin, the present invention provided with a cooling device is most effective. This is because even when heat is generated by sliding or cutting of the blade body, the cooling device cools the object to be cut and prevents softening, so that the blade does not stick and the sharpness is maintained.

[First blade]
The shape of the first blade is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a flat plate and a cylindrical drum, but a flat plate that is easy to manufacture is preferable. The hole may be a through hole or a bottomed hole, but in the case of a bottomed hole, it is necessary to make the first blade body reversible in order to drop the cut object after cutting, whereas in the case of a through hole Is preferable because it is not necessary to make the first blade body reversible because the cut object after cutting passes through and falls. Therefore, in the case of a bottomed hole, the first blade is preferably a movable blade, and in the case of a through hole, the first blade is preferably a fixed blade. The cross-sectional shape of the hole is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plane circle, an ellipse, a quadrangle, and a triangle.

The first blade formed on the portion of the upper edge of the hole facing the second blade may be a planar straight line shape or a planar curved shape, but preferably has a shape capable of capturing the object to be cut. For example, it is good to make a 1st blade into a plane concave shape by making a hole into a plane circular shape. The rake angle of the first blade is not particularly limited. The rake angle of the first blade when the hole is vertically formed in the first blade body is 0 degree. However, the rake angle of the first blade can be obtained by cutting the inner edge of the hole (below the first blade) downward. Can be set to 1 to 70 degrees, preferably 10 to 60 degrees, preferably 20 to 50 degrees. By setting the rake angle preferably, the sharpness of the first blade can be improved, and the sharpness of the first blade is maintained even when the upper surface of the first blade is worn in sliding contact with the second blade. can do.
Further, the portion in the same direction as the first blade in the upper part of the inner edge of the hole may be a right-angled edge, but it is possible to make it easier to catch the object to be cut by forming a chamfered concave portion that is greatly increased toward the upper side. .
Furthermore, the inner edge lower part of the hole may be a right-angled edge, but it is possible to make it easier to drop the object to be cut by forming a chamfered concave part that is greatly bent toward the lower side.

[Second blade]
When the first blade body is a movable blade body, the second blade body is preferably a fixed blade body, and when the first blade body is a fixed blade body, the second blade body is preferably a movable blade body. Although it does not specifically limit as a movable blade body, A rotary blade body, a linear motion blade body, a reciprocating linear motion blade body, etc. can be illustrated. The rotary blade is not particularly limited, but it has a flat strip shape with two wings extending radially from its center, a flat cross shape with four wings, etc. The thing of the shape provided with about 1-8 wing | blades radially can be illustrated. The shape of the second blade may be a plane straight line or a plane curve.

  Although the rake angle of a 2nd blade is not specifically limited, It is preferable to set it as 30 degrees or more with respect to many cuttings. When cutting a granular material made of a polymer material, the front edge in the direction of movement of the second blade is a flat concave shape so that it can be reliably captured and cut. The rake angle of the blade may be set to 30 degrees or more, preferably 40 to 60 degrees. Moreover, in the case of a rotary blade body, the rotation direction can be configured not only to rotate forward but also to reverse, and the rotary blade can be formed at the tip in both rotation directions. Although the drive means of a rotary blade is not specifically limited, it is mainly motor drive.

  In order to improve the sharpness (cutting of a polymer material, particularly an elastic material), it is preferable to provide the first blade body and the second blade body so that the first blade and the second blade are in sliding contact. Further, the second blade body may be always urged and pressed against the first blade body by the urging member so that the object to be cut is not sandwiched between the first blade body and the second blade body. .

[Upper and lower multi-stage configuration]
The combination of the first blade and the second blade is formed in at least two stages (preferably two, three or four), and a hole having a relatively large opening is formed in the upper first blade. And it is preferable to form a hole with a relatively small opening in the lower first blade body. Moreover, it is preferable to form the lowermost first blade body in a larger area than the other first blade bodies.

[Vibration device]
The vibration device may be any device that can vibrate at least the first blade body. For example, the vibration device may vibrate the entire cutting machine, or may vibrate only the first blade body and the vicinity thereof. The type of vibration device is not particularly limited, but a vibration motor that generates vibration by the excitation force of an unbalanced weight attached to the rotation shaft of the motor, a roller, a ball, a turbine, or the like that rotates by air pressure or a piston Examples thereof include an air vibrator that is driven.

[Cooling system]
Examples of the cooling device include, but are not limited to, a cold air type in which cold air of room temperature or lower is blown to the blade body or the object to be cut, and a refrigerant type cooling device in which a cooling pipe circulating the refrigerant is brought into contact with the first blade body. it can. As a cold air type cold air creation device, heat exchangers using vortex theory (temperature decreases at the center of the swirl airflow due to pressure drop and temperature increases due to compression of the centrifugal force), heat exchanger using refrigerant Etc. can be illustrated.

[Sizing device]
The sizing device is not particularly limited, but a vibration sieving machine using a sieving net is preferable because it is simple and inexpensive.

[Re-input device]
Although it does not specifically limit as a recharging apparatus, A screw conveyor, a flexible screw conveyor, a spiral conveyor, an air transport pipe etc. can be illustrated.

  According to the cutting machine according to the present invention, it is possible to cut a coarse-grained object to be cut into fine particles efficiently and continuously without reducing physical properties by a simple and inexpensive configuration. .

  The cutting machine forms a plurality of through holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted, and a plate-like fixed blade body (first blade body) having the upper edge of the through hole as a fixed blade (first blade body); A movable blade body (second blade body) formed with a movable blade (second blade) for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the fixed blade, and a vibration device for vibrating the fixed blade body during the cutting. , A cooling device for cooling the material to be cut before cutting, and sizing for finely cutting the material to be cut that has fallen from the through-hole after cutting into a material having a size smaller than or equal to a reference size An apparatus, and a re-feeding device for returning an object to be cut exceeding the reference dimension to the cutting by the fixed blade and the moving blade. The combination of the fixed blade body and the movable blade body is formed in at least two upper and lower stages, a plurality of through holes having a relatively large opening area are formed in the upper fixed blade body, and the lower fixed blade body is relatively A plurality of holes having a small opening area are formed.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This cutting machine can reuse the coarsely cut material S having a particle size of several millimeters made of a polymer material as a material to be cut (not limited) as a cushioning material or other materials. It is designed so that it can be cut into finer and finer grains for mixing to create another composition material. The object to be cut S in the illustrated example has a cylindrical chip shape with a diameter of about 3 mm and a length of about 3 mm.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a hopper 2 is provided at the upper end of the cutting machine 1, and an object to be cut S is stored therein. The hopper 2 is mounted on the base 5 via a pair of upper and lower cylinders 3 and 4, and the cutting machine 1 is configured to be vertically long as a whole. The base 5 is provided with a handle 6 and a caster 7 so that the cutting machine 1 can be pushed and moved by hand on the floor of a molding factory or the like. A vibration device 70 is attached to the back surface of the base 5. A cooling device 80 connected to a lower processing chamber 10 described later is provided on the side surface of the base 5. On the front surface of the base 5, a sizing device 90 is disposed immediately below the outlet of the shooter 17 described later, and a re-feeding device 100 is provided from the sizing device 90 toward the hopper 2. Details of these will be described below.

  An upper processing chamber 60 that also serves as a storage chamber is formed inside the hopper 2, a middle processing chamber 9 is formed inside the cylinder 3, and a lower processing chamber 10 is formed inside the cylinder 4. Then, the object to be cut S in the hopper 2 is supplied to the middle processing chamber 9 from above. The upper processing chamber 60 includes the hopper 2 as a surrounding wall and includes a plate-shaped fixed blade body (first blade body) 61 at the bottom. The peripheral edge portion of the fixed blade body 61 is sandwiched between the flange portion 2 a of the hopper 2 and the flange portion 3 b of the middle-stage cylinder 3 and is fastened with bolts 15. The middle processing chamber 9 has a cylindrical body 3 as a surrounding wall and includes a plate-shaped fixed blade body (first blade body) 11 at the bottom. The peripheral edge portion of the fixed blade body 11 is sandwiched between the flange portions 3 a and 4 a of the cylindrical bodies 3 and 4 and fastened with bolts 12. The lower processing chamber 10 includes a cylindrical body 4 as a surrounding wall and includes a plate-shaped fixed blade body (first blade body) 13 at the bottom. The peripheral edge of the fixed blade 13 is sandwiched between the flange 4 b of the lower cylinder 4 and the upper plate 5 a of the base 5 and fastened with bolts 14. The cylinders 3 and 4 are provided with a window 43 and a transparent plate 44 for inspecting the processing chambers 9 and 10.

  A shooter 17 and a motor 18 are installed inside the base 5. The flange portion 17 a of the shooter 17 is fastened together with the upper plate 5 a of the base 5 with the bolts 14, and the discharge port 17 b is exposed to the front outside of the base 5. The motor 18 is installed below the lower fixed blade body 13, and the drive shaft 20 is vertically connected to the output shaft 18 a via the coupling 19. The drive shaft 20 passes through the fixed blade bodies 13, 11, 61, the upper end portion is supported by the upper fixed blade body 61 by the bearing 62, the intermediate portion is supported by the middle fixed blade body 11 by the bearing 21, and the lower portion is A bearing 22 supports the lower fixed blade 13. Then, the upper and lower three rotary blade bodies (second blade bodies) 63, 23, and 24 are joined to the upper surface of the fixed blade bodies 61, 11, and 13 on the drive shaft 20, and the keys 64, 25, and 26 (see FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7).

  A stop plate 28 is attached to the upper end of the drive shaft 20 with a bolt 29, and the rotary blade body 63 is always urged to the fixed blade body 61 between the stop plate 28 and the boss portion 63 a of the upper rotary blade body 63. A coil spring 30 (which may be a disc spring) is interposed as an urging member to be pressed. Further, between the upper bearing 62 and the boss portion 24a of the middle rotary blade body 23, a coil spring 65 as a biasing member that constantly biases and presses the rotary blade body 23 against the fixed blade body 11, and this And a pipe 66 that accommodates. A coil spring 31 as an urging member that constantly urges and presses the rotary blade 24 against the fixed blade 13 between the middle bearing 21 and the boss 24a of the lower rotary blade 24, and And a pipe 32 that accommodates. The shooter 17 is provided with a sleeve 33 through which the drive shaft 20 passes.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 8A and 9A, the fixed blade body 61 of the upper processing chamber 60 is formed with a large number of through holes 67, and each through hole 67 is fixed with a drill blade. It is a 3 mm diameter round hole opened perpendicularly to the blade body 61. A plane concave concave arc-shaped fixed blade (first blade) 68 is formed at a portion of the upper edge of the through hole 67 facing a rotary blade (second blade) 69 described later, and the rake angle θs is 0 degree. The size of the opening of the through hole 67 is a size that allows a part of the object to be cut S (for example, about 1/20 to 1/2 of the volume) to enter and protrude downward from the fixed blade 68. In the upper part of the inner edge of the through-hole 67, a chamfered concave portion 67a that is greatly enlarged toward the upper side is formed at a portion in the same direction as the rotary blade 69, and the workpiece S is easily dropped and captured. Further, a chamfered concave portion 67b that is greatly flared toward the lower side is formed in a portion facing the rotary blade 69 in the lower portion of the inner edge of the through hole 67, so that the cut object S can be easily dropped.

  The rotary blade 63 of the upper processing chamber 60 is attached to the drive shaft 20 by a boss portion 63a located at the center of the upper processing chamber 60, and is rotated around the center of the boss portion 63a by the motor 18. The rotary blade 63 is provided with two blade parts 63b extending radially in opposite directions from the boss part 63a, and a rotary blade (second blade) 69 is flat on the front edge in the rotational direction of both blade parts 63b. It is formed in a concave shape (bow shape). The size of the rotary blade 69 is about 65 mm (appropriately 40 to 100 mm) on the inner diameter side and about 200 mm (appropriately 150 to 300 mm) on the outer diameter side. The rake angle θr of the rotary blade 69 is set to about 45 degrees, and due to the shearing action of the rotary blade 69 and the fixed blade 68, the object to be cut S that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 68 of the through hole 67 is formed. Cut.

  As shown in FIGS. 6, 8 (b) and 9 (b), a large number of through holes 35 are formed in the fixed blade body 11 of the middle processing chamber 9, and each through hole 35 is fixed with a drill blade. It is a round hole with a diameter of 2.6 mm opened perpendicularly to the blade body 11. A fixed blade (first blade) 36 having a flat concave arc shape is formed in a portion of the upper edge of the through hole 35 facing a rotary blade (second blade) 37 described later, and the rake angle θs is 0 degree. The size of the opening of the through hole 35 is such that a part (for example, about 1/20 to 1/2 of the volume) of the workpiece S cut at the upper stage can enter and protrude downward from the fixed blade 36. However, a chamfered concave portion 35a that is greatly flared toward the upper side is formed in a portion in the same direction as the rotary blade 37 in the upper portion of the inner edge of the through hole 35, and the workpiece S is easily dropped and captured. In addition, a chamfered concave portion 35b that is greatly hollowed out toward the lower side is formed in a portion facing the rotary blade 37 in the lower portion of the inner edge of the through hole 35, so that the cut object S can be easily dropped.

  The rotary blade body 23 of the middle processing chamber 9 is attached to the drive shaft 20 by a boss portion 23a located at the center thereof, and is rotated around the center of the boss portion 23a by a motor 18. The rotary blade body 23 is provided with two blade portions 23b extending radially in opposite directions from the boss portion 23a. A rotary blade (second blade) 37 is a flat surface at the leading edge in the rotational direction of both blade portions 23b. It is formed in a concave shape (bow shape). The size of the rotary blade 37 is about 65 mm (appropriately 40 to 100 mm) on the inner diameter side and about 200 mm (appropriately 150 to 300 mm) on the outer diameter side. The rake angle θr of the rotary blade 37 is set to about 45 degrees, and due to the shearing action of the rotary blade 37 and the fixed blade 36, the object S to be cut out that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 36 of the through hole 35. Cut.

  As shown in FIGS. 7, 8 (c) and 9 (c), a large number of through holes 39 are formed in the fixed blade body 13 of the lower processing chamber 10, and each through hole 39 is fixed with a drill blade. It is a round hole with a diameter of 2 mm that is opened perpendicularly to the blade body 13. A planar concave arc-shaped fixed blade (first blade) 40 is formed at a portion of the upper edge of the through hole 39 facing the rotary blade (second blade) 41 described later, and the rake angle θs is 0 degree. The size of the opening of the through hole 39 is a size that allows a part (for example, about 1/20 to 1/2 of the volume) of the cut object S cut in the middle stage to enter and protrude below the fixed blade 40. However, a chamfered concave portion 39a that is greatly flared toward the upper side is formed in a portion in the same direction as the rotary blade 41 in the upper portion of the inner edge of the through hole 39, and the workpiece S is easily dropped and captured. Further, a chamfered concave portion 39b that is greatly flared toward the lower side is formed in a portion facing the rotary blade 41 in the lower portion of the inner edge of the through hole 39, so that the cut object S can be easily dropped.

  The rotating blade body 24 of the lower processing chamber 10 is attached to the drive shaft 20 by the boss portion 24 a and rotated by the motor 18, similarly to the upper rotating blade body 23. The rotary blade body 24 is provided with two wing portions 24b extending radially, and a rotary blade (second blade) 41 having a planar concave shape is formed on the leading edge in the rotation direction of both wing portions 24b. The rake angle θr of the rotary blade 41 is set to about 45 degrees, and due to the shearing action of the rotary blade 41 and the fixed blade 40, the object to be cut S that protrudes downward from the fixed blade 40 of the through hole 39 is formed. Cut. The fixed blades 68, 36, and 40 are formed in a concave shape opposite to the rotary blades 69, 37, and 41 so that the workpiece S can be captured and cut.

  The vibration device 70 vibrates the processing chambers 9, 10, 60 (especially the fixed blade bodies 11, 13, 61) during cutting at each stage. In this example, the entire cutting machine 1 is started from the base 5. However, only the processing chambers can be vibrated. In this example, the vibration device 70 uses, for example, a trade name “RV-14D” manufactured by Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. as a vibration motor that generates vibration by the vibration force of an unbalanced weight attached to the rotating shaft of the motor. The back of the base 5 is externally attached with screws. This vibration motor has a maximum excitation force of 300 kgf (the magnitude of the excitation force is variable by adjusting the angle of the unbalanced weight), the rotational speed is 1750 rpm, and the frequency of the generated vibration is considered to be about 29 Hz.

  The cooling device 80 cools the workpiece S before cutting at the lower stage, the fixed blade body 13 and the rotary blade body 24 being cut, and prevents the temperature rise of the workpiece S during cutting and softening due thereto. It is. The cooling device 80 of this example includes a generator heat exchanger 81 that applies vortex theory and an air compressor 82 connected thereto, and the heat exchanger 81 is supported on a side surface of the base 5 by a stay 83. . The heat exchanger 81 uses, for example, a product name “Vortex tube 218J” of Niji Co., Ltd., and generates a high-speed vortex by the compressed air from the air compressor 82 to generate cold air and hot air. The cold air pipe 85 takes out the cold air and the hot air pipe 86 takes out the hot air. The cold air pipe 85 is connected to the cylindrical body 4 and opens at the lower part of the lower processing chamber 10 so that the cold air is applied to the fixed blade body 13, the rotary blade body 24 thereon and the workpiece S to be cut. . The hot air tube 86 opens downward.

  In this example, the reason why only the lower cut object S and the blades 13 and 24 are cooled by the cooling device 80 is that heat is most generated in the lower stage where the cut object S is cut most finely among the upper and lower three stages. This is because the finest cut material S is likely to be softened by heat. When the influence of heat generation is large in the middle and upper stages, the middle and upper cut objects S and the like may be cooled by the cooling device 80.

  The sizing device 90 is for sizing the fine-grained workpiece S that has fallen from the through hole 67 after cutting at the lower stage into one that is below the reference dimension and one that exceeds the reference dimension. The sieving apparatus 90 of this example employs a vibration sieving machine and is disposed directly under the outlet of the shooter 17 in front of the base 5. This vibrating screen machine has a box-shaped casing 91 with an open top surface, a sieve net 92 stretched at an intermediate height inside thereof, a storage container 93 provided so as to be able to be pulled out below the sieve net 92, and a casing. The vibration motor 94 is attached to the bottom of 91 and vibrates the whole. The sieve net 92 is a mesh having a mesh that allows a particle having a particle size of about 2 mm or less as a reference dimension to pass therethrough and leaves a particle having a particle size exceeding about 2 mm on the upper side.

  The re-feeding device 100 is for returning the workpiece S exceeding the standard size sized by the vibration sieve machine to the cutting by the fixed blade and the moving blade. The re-input device 100 of this example uses a flexible screw conveyor in which a spiral member 102 is provided inside a flexible tube 101 and the spiral member 102 is rotationally driven by a motor 103. The intake port 104 of the tube 101 is opened immediately above the sieve screen 92 of the vibration sieve machine, and the outlet 105 is opened toward the hopper 2.

  Next, the effect | action which cuts the coarse-grained to-be-cut object S into a fine grain with the cutting machine 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. As described above, a roughly-cut object S having a columnar shape with a diameter of about 3 mm × a length of about 3 mm is put into the hopper 2, the motor 18 is started, the vibration motor of the vibration device 70 is started, and the cooling device 80. The air compressor 82 is started. Moreover, although it may be the same period as these or after a while, the vibration motor 94 of the sizing device 90 is activated and the motor 103 of the re-feeding device 100 is activated.

  In the upper processing chamber 60, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the inserted workpiece S is agitated by the rotary blade body 63 in the upper processing chamber 60, and a part of the workpiece S as described above is stirred. Then, it enters the through hole 67 of the fixed blade body 61 and protrudes downward from the fixed blade 68. At this time, the concave portion 67a helps to drop the workpiece S to be cut. Then, the protrusion S to be cut out is caught between the plane concave rotary blade 69 and the fixed blade 68 to prevent splashing in the outer peripheral direction, and cutting is performed by the shearing action of both the blades 69 and 68. And falls from the through hole 67. At this time, the recess 67b helps the workpiece S to fall.

  Further, at this time, since the fixed blade body 61 is vibrated by the vibration device 70, it is promoted that the workpiece S enters the through hole 67, and the cutting efficiency is increased. Further, when the fixed blade body 61 vibrates, the cut object S to be cut is shaken off from the through hole 67 and the clogging is prevented, so that cutting is continued without interruption. In this way, in the upper processing chamber 60, a large amount of the material to be cut S sequentially supplied from the hopper 2 can be partly cut and sent quickly to the middle processing chamber 9.

  In the middle processing chamber 9, as shown in FIG. 9B, the cut object S that has been partially cut in the upper stage is stirred by the rotary blade body 23, and a part of the cut object S is fixed blade as described above. It enters the through hole 35 of the body 11 and protrudes downward from the fixed blade 36. At this time, the concave portion 35a helps to drop the workpiece S. Then, the protrusion S to be cut out is caught between the plane concave rotary blade 37 and the fixed blade 36 to prevent splashing in the outer peripheral direction, and cutting is performed by the shearing action of both the blades 37 and 36. And falls from the through hole 35. At this time, the recess 35b helps the workpiece S to fall.

  Further, at this time, since the fixed blade 11 is vibrated by the vibration device 70, it is promoted that the workpiece S enters the through hole 35, and the cutting efficiency is increased. Further, when the fixed blade 11 vibrates, the cut object S to be cut is shaken off from the through hole 35 to prevent clogging, so that cutting is continued without interruption. In this way, in the middle processing chamber 9, the part to be cut S sequentially supplied from the upper processing chamber 60 can be further partially cut and sent quickly to the lower processing chamber 10.

  In the lower processing chamber 10, as shown in FIG. 9C, the cut object S that has been partially cut in the middle stage is stirred by the rotary blade body 24, and a part of the cut object S is fixed as described above. It enters the through hole 39 of the blade body 13 and protrudes downward from the fixed blade 40. At this time, the concave portion 39a helps to drop the material S to be cut. Then, the protrusion S to be cut out is captured between the rotary concave blade 41 and the fixed blade 40, and is prevented from splashing in the outer peripheral direction, and is cut by the shearing action of both the blades 41 and 40. And falls from the through hole 39. At this time, the recess 39b helps the object to be cut S to fall.

  Further, at this time, since the fixed blade body 13 is vibrated by the vibration device 70, it is promoted that the object to be cut S enters the through hole 39, and the cutting efficiency is increased. Further, when the fixed blade body 13 vibrates, the cut object S to be cut is shaken off from the through hole 39 to prevent clogging, so that cutting is continued without interruption. Further, at this time, the cooling device 80 cools the workpiece S before cutting, the fixed blade body 13 and the rotary blade body 24 being cut, and prevents the temperature rise and softening of the workpiece S during cutting. For this reason, the to-be-cut object S does not stick to the blades 13 and 24, the sharpness is maintained, and the to-be-cut object S is prevented from sticking into the through hole 39, and the clogging is prevented. In this way, in the lower processing chamber 10, the cut object S after the rough cutting can be further finely cut to obtain a fine cut object S. The fine-grained material to be cut S slides down the shooter 17 and is taken out from the discharge port 17b to the particle sizer 90.

  In the vibration sieving machine as the sizing device 90, the cut fine granular material to be cut S is applied to a sieving net 92 that is vibrated by a vibration motor 94 and has a particle size of about 2 mm or less as a reference dimension. Passes through the sieve net 92 and falls into the storage container 93, and those having a particle size exceeding about 2 mm are left above the sieve net 92. The flexible screw conveyor as the re-feeding device 100 takes in the object to be cut S having a particle diameter of about 2 mm accumulated above the sieve net 92 from the intake port 104, and acts by the action of the spiral member 102 rotated by the motor 103. It is transported in the tube and re-entered into the hopper 2 through the outlet 105. The cut object S that has been re-inserted is subjected to the cutting again. As described above, it is convenient because a material exceeding the reference dimension can be automatically re-inserted and re-cut without manual operation. Moreover, since the fine-grained cut material S collected in the storage container 93 has a particle diameter of about 2 mm or less, it can be easily recycled as a recycled material.

  As described above, according to the cutting machine 1 of the present embodiment, the through holes 67, 35, and 39 of the fixed blade bodies 61, 11, and 13 in the upper stage, the middle stage, and the lower stage are gradually reduced, and the rotary blade bodies 63, Since the material is gradually cut by shearing with 23 and 24, the coarse-grained material to be cut S can be cut into sufficiently fine fine particles. If there is only one stage of the fixed blade body and the rotary blade body, the opening of the through hole of the fixed blade body can not be cut even if it is made small so that the coarse-grained workpiece S cannot enter, Eventually, it is necessary to make the size close to the particle size of the material S to be cut. Therefore, although it can be cut somewhat finely, it is difficult to cut sufficiently finely. By making this into two stages, three stages as in this embodiment, or four or more stages, it can be cut sufficiently finely.

In addition, according to the cutting machine 1 of an Example, the following effects are also acquired.
(A) The entire machine can be easily and inexpensively manufactured with a small number of parts. Further, the entire machine can be configured in a vertically long and slim form, and the installation area (floor space) can be reduced. Further, since the machine weight is light and the motor 18 has a low center of gravity of the machine, even if it is vertically long, the stability is good and the movement in the factory is easy.
(B) Since the workpiece S is cut by the rotational movement of the rotary blades 69, 37, 41 in one direction, there is no waste in operation, and the processing amount per unit time increases. Further, the workpiece S can be continuously fed into the hopper 2 to increase the processing amount.

(C) Since the rotary blades 69, 37, and 41 and the fixed blades 68, 36, and 40 are formed in a plane concave shape opposite to each other, the workpiece S can be reliably captured between the two blades and cut without mistake. .
(D) Since the coil springs 65, 30, and 31 always press the rotary blades 63, 23, and 24 against the fixed blades 61, 11, and 13, the sharpness is sharp even in the case of an object to be cut made of an elastic material. The size and shape after cutting are stable.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, as described below, the present invention can be appropriately modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the invention.
(1) Change the through hole and the fixed blade (first blade) of the fixed blade body as shown in FIG. 10, for example. (A) is an example in which the rake angle of the fixed blade 68 is set to 30 degrees, for example, 30 degrees by passing the lower part of the fixed blade 68 toward the lower side of the inner periphery of the through hole 67. In (b), the rake angle of the fixed blade 68 is set to, for example, 20 degrees by scooping the inner circumference of the through hole 67 toward the lower side over the entire circumference (such processing is suitable when the through hole has a particularly small diameter). It is an example. Although the figure shows the upper fixed blade 68, the same can be applied to the middle or lower fixed blade.
(2) As shown in FIG. 11, the particle sizer 90 is built in the base 5. By doing so, space efficiency is improved and the vibration device 70 vibrates the sieve net 92, so that the vibration motor 94 can be omitted.
(3) Change the shape of the through hole of the fixed blade to another shape such as a triangle or a square hole. Also, change the rake angle of the fixed blade.
(4) Change the planar shape of the rotary blade to another concave shape such as a V-shape or a square shape. Also, change the rake angle of the rotary blade.

(5) As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the blade-shaped blade attachment body 110 inclined to the boss portions 24a, 23a, 63a is fixed, and the rotary blade bodies (second blade bodies) 63, 23, 24 are Thickness of 1 to 4 mm (about 2 mm in the illustrated example) attached to the blade mounting body 110 so that the mounting position in the tip direction can be changed and replaceable with a clearance angle θe of ˜40 ° (in the illustrated example is about 25 °) And rotating blades (second blades) 69, 37, and 41 are formed at the tips of the metal plate slightly protruding from the leading edge of the blade mounting body 110 (for example, JIS 45C steel plate). The blade mounting body 110 is provided with a plurality (five in the illustrated example) of female screw holes 111, and the rotary blade bodies 63, 23, and 24 are provided with a plurality of elongated holes 112 corresponding to the elongated holes 112. As described above, the rotary blades 63, 23, and 24 are attached so that the attachment positions can be changed and can be replaced by tightening the screw 112 through the male screw 113 to the female screw hole 111.

  Since the rotary blades 63, 23, and 24 are metal plates having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm having a clearance angle θe of 10 to 40 °, the rotary blades 69, 37, and 41 formed at the tips thereof and a fixed blade ( The contact area between the first blade body 61, 11, and 13 is reduced, and the phenomenon that the object to be cut S is sandwiched therebetween is reduced, and discoloration of the object to be cut S due to burning, dirt, etc. Is prevented. Further, since the rotary blades 63, 23, 24 are metal plates attached to the blade attachment body 110 so that the attachment position in the distal direction can be changed and can be replaced, the rotary blades 69, Even if the blades 37 and 41 are worn by sliding contact with the fixed blades 61, 11 and 13, new blades are created by the wear, and the blades are changed by changing the mounting positions of the rotary blades 63, 23 and 24 in the distal direction. It can continue to be used as the rotary blades 69, 37, 41. Furthermore, the rotary blades 63, 23, and 24 that have reached the limit of the mounting position change can be replaced with new rotary blades 63, 23, and 24.

  Also in this example, it is preferable to provide one or both of the vibration device 70 and the cooling device 80. However, according to the present example, since the heat generation is less than that in the above-described embodiment, the vibration device 70 and the cooling device 80 can be omitted.

(6) In the case of an object to be cut S (for example, food) in which it is preferable that the rotary blades 63, 23, 24 and the fixed blades 61, 11, 13 are not in sliding contact with each other, the rotary blades 63, 23, 24 The fixed blades 61, 11, and 13 may be slightly separated (for example, 0.5 to 2 mm).

(7) As shown in FIG. 14, the lowermost fixed blade body 13 is formed to have a larger diameter and larger area than the other fixed blade bodies (61, 11). For example, the lower processing chamber 10 is made larger by forming the lower cylindrical body 3 so as to expand downward. This is because the object to be cut S tends to stay on the lowermost fixed blade body 13 for the longest time during cutting and is likely to accumulate.

(8) As shown in FIG. 14, the overall height of the cutting machine 1 is reduced by providing a direction changing transmission 120 between the drive shaft 20 and the motor 18 and placing the motor 18 in a horizontal position.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the Example of the cutting machine which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the internal structure of the cutting machine. It is a partially broken front view which shows the part regarding the cooling device of the cutting machine especially. It is a partially broken front view which shows the part regarding the particle sizer and re-input apparatus especially of the cutting machine. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2 which shows an upper stage blade body. It is the VI-VI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2 which shows a middle stage blade. It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2 which shows a lower blade. It is a top view which shows one through-hole (a is an upper stage, b is a middle stage, and c is a lower stage) of each fixed blade body of the cutting machine. It is sectional drawing which shows the cutting action by each blade body (a is an upper stage, b is a middle stage, and c is a lower stage) of the cutting machine. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a change of the fixed blade of a fixed blade body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the example of a change of the Example of the same cutting machine. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a change of a rotary blade body. It is a side view of the rotary blade. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of a change of the cutting machine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting machine 11 Middle stage fixed blade body 13 Lower stage fixed blade body 23 Middle stage rotary blade body 24 Lower stage rotary blade body 35 Middle stage through hole 36 Middle stage fixed blade 37 Middle stage rotary blade 39 Lower stage through hole 40 Lower stage through hole 40 Fixed blade 41 Lower rotary blade 61 Upper fixed blade body 63 Upper rotary blade body 67 Upper through hole 68 Upper fixed blade 69 Upper rotary blade 70 Vibrating device 80 Cooling device 90 Sizing device 100 Re-feeding device S Covered Cut material

Claims (11)

  A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. The cutting machine provided with the 2nd blade body which formed the blade, and the vibration apparatus.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. A cooling device that cools the workpiece before cutting or the first blade and the second blade being cut to prevent softening of the workpiece during the cutting; Cutting machine equipped with.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. A second blade body having a blade formed thereon, the second blade body having a clearance angle of 10 to 40 ° and attached to the blade mounting body so that the mounting position in the distal direction can be changed and can be replaced. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate which is a metal plate of 1 to 4 mm and protrudes from the leading edge of the blade mounting body.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body in which the blade is formed, the vibration device, the object to be cut before cutting or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled to soften the object to be cut at the time of cutting. Cutting machine with cooling device to prevent.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. A second blade body having a blade and a vibration device are provided, and the second blade body is attached to the blade attachment body so that the attachment position in the distal direction can be changed and replaced with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate which is a metal plate having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm and protrudes from the leading edge of the blade mounting body.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. A cooling device that cools the workpiece before cutting or the first blade and the second blade being cut to prevent softening of the workpiece during the cutting; The second blade body is a metal plate having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm attached to the blade attachment body so that the attachment position in the distal direction can be changed and replaced with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °, A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate protruding from the leading edge of the blade mounting body.   A plurality of holes into which a part of the object to be cut is inserted are formed, a first blade body having the upper edge of the hole as a first blade, and a second blade for cutting the object to be cut in cooperation with the first blade. The second blade body in which the blade is formed, the vibration device, the object to be cut before cutting or the first blade body and the second blade body being cut are cooled to soften the object to be cut at the time of cutting. The second blade body is a metal having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm attached to the blade attachment body so that the attachment position in the tip direction can be changed and can be replaced with a clearance angle of 10 to 40 °. A cutting machine in which the second blade is formed at the tip of the metal plate which is a plate and protrudes from the leading edge of the blade mounting body.   A sizing device for sizing the fine-grained cut object that has fallen from the hole after the cutting into those having a reference dimension or less and those exceeding the reference dimension, and the cut object exceeding the reference dimension to the first blade The cutting machine as described in any one of Claims 1-7 provided with the re-injection apparatus which returns to cutting with a 2nd blade.   The cutting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polymer material is a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic synthetic resin, or rubber.   A combination of the first blade body and the second blade body is formed in at least two upper and lower stages, a hole having a relatively large opening is formed in the upper first blade body, and a relative relationship is formed with the lower first blade body. The cutting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a hole having a small opening is formed in the cutter.   The cutting machine according to claim 10, wherein the lowermost first blade body has a larger area than the other first blade body.

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