JP2006329083A - Exhaust emission control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device capable of maintaining emission passing resistance of exhaust emission at a low value and increasing combustion efficiency by catalyst to purify exhaust emission efficiently. <P>SOLUTION: This exhaust emission control device 100 of catalyst type is provided with a main body 102 for letting exhaust emission pass from the upstream side to the downstream side, a guide blade unit 110 arranged on the upstream side inside the main body 102 to promote flow of exhaust emission spirally, and one or a plurality of catalyst units 120 arranged on the downstream side of the guide blade unit 110 inside the main body 102 to purify exhaust emission by letting flow of exhaust emission promoted spirally by the guide blade unit 110 pass. Preferably, an acceleration nozzle unit 140 is arranged on the downstream side of the catalyst unit 120. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of purifying (cleaning) exhaust gas (exhaust gas, exhaust gas) discharged from an internal combustion engine or the like. In particular, the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device that allows exhaust gas to pass through a catalyst chamber and effectively clears exhaust gas by a catalytic reaction.

(1) Conventional General Catalytic Exhaust Gas Purification Device The conventional general catalytic exhaust gas purification device places a catalyst in the middle of an exhaust pipe and allows exhaust gas to pass through harmful components in exhaust gas ( CO, HC, and NOx) are reduced by catalytic reaction. As an oxidation catalyst, a pellet type attached to the surface of a small particle such as platinum or palladium and a honeycomb type attached to the surface of a honeycomb-shaped tunnel have been put into practical use. The catalyst chamber in which the catalyst is disposed is surrounded by a shroud including a heat insulating material. The monolithic catalytic converter includes a front head disposed on the upstream side and a rear head disposed on the downstream side (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3).

(2) Conventional First-Type Catalytic Exhaust Gas Purification Device A conventional first-type catalytic exhaust gas purification device has a honeycomb body that is a pre-support on the upstream side, and a honeycomb body that is a main carrier on the downstream side have. The honeycomb body is formed by winding a flat foil and a corrugated foil made of a heat-resistant alloy and joining the contact portions of the flat foil and the corrugated foil. The honeycomb body is configured such that the upstream side is convex and the downstream side is concave (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
(3) Conventional Second Type Catalytic Exhaust Gas Purifying Device The conventional second type catalytic exhaust gas purifying device is located close to the upstream side of the wall flow honeycomb structure, and the exhaust gas flow is placed in the central structure. A rectifying / inducing portion for rectifying and guiding so as to face is disposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

(4) Conventional Third Type Catalytic Exhaust Gas Purifying Device A conventional third type catalytic exhaust gas purifying device has a rectifier comprising a protrusion and its communication opening on the upstream side of the exhaust aftertreatment device. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).
(5) Conventional Fourth Type Catalytic Exhaust Gas Purifying Device A conventional fourth type catalytic exhaust gas purifying device is provided with a rectification region that penetrates through an inlet-side partition plate and includes a large number of pores. Furthermore, a rectifying region made up of a large number of pores is provided through the outlet side partition plate (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

Edited by the Japan Automobile Development Promotion Association Federation and the Automobile Emissions Control Materials Editing Committee, “50th Edition of Automobile Emissions Countermeasures”, The Japan Automobile Maintenance Promotion Association, October 1, 1975, first edition Issue, pages 26-27 Edited by the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, “New Edition of Automotive Engineering Handbook”, Book Publisher, published on October 10, 1984, second print, pages 3-11 to 13-13 Grand Prix Publishing Co., Ltd., “How is the mechanism of automobiles / engines?”, Book Publisher, published first edition on January 12, 1993, pages 100-101 JP 2000-51711 A (pages 5-6, FIG. 2, FIG. 7) JP 2004-124723 A (7th to 8th pages, FIG. 1) JP 2003-74335 A (pages 5 to 8, FIG. 1, FIG. 9, FIG. 11) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-271628 (pages 3 to 4, FIGS. 1 and 8)

However, the conventional catalytic exhaust gas purification device as described above has the following problems.
(1) Since the exhaust gas hits the central portion of the main body of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus and the central portion of the main body becomes hot, there is a high possibility that the central portion of the main body is melted or worn out.
(2) Since exhaust gas concentrates and flows in the central part of the main body of the exhaust gas purification device, purification of the exhaust gas at the outer portion of the main body becomes insufficient, and the purification capability (cleaning ability) of the exhaust gas purification device as a whole There was a high risk of shortage.
(3) The catalyst portion configured in a hexagonal honeycomb shape has a small surface area of the catalyst, and is insufficient to allow the catalyst to function efficiently.
(4) A honeycomb body made of heat-resistant alloy flat foil and corrugated foil has a complicated structure and is difficult to manufacture.
(5) A structure provided with a rectifying device comprising a projecting portion and its communication opening and a structure provided with a rectifying region comprising a large number of pores avoid exhaust gas from concentrating on the central part of the main body of the device. It was difficult, and the structure of the rectifier was complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of purifying exhaust gas efficiently by maintaining low exhaust passage resistance of exhaust gas in an internal combustion engine or the like, improving combustion efficiency by a catalyst, and the like. .
Another object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus configured to avoid exhaust gas from being concentrated and flowing in the central portion of the main body of the apparatus.
Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus that has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high durability.

  The present invention relates to a catalytic exhaust gas purification device, a main body for passing exhaust gas from the upstream side to the downstream side, and an upstream side in the main body for spirally propelling the flow of the exhaust gas. One or more guide vane units and one or more for purifying exhaust gas through the flow of exhaust gas disposed downstream of the guide vane unit and spirally propelled by the guide vane unit inside the main body And a catalyst unit. This exhaust gas purification device has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high durability. With this configuration, the exhaust gas passage resistance of the exhaust gas can be kept low, the combustion efficiency by the catalyst can be increased, and the exhaust gas can be purified efficiently. Furthermore, with this configuration, the exhaust gas can be prevented from concentrating and flowing in the central part of the main body of the apparatus, and the exhaust gas can be uniformly and uniformly sent to the catalyst unit.

  In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the guide blade unit includes a plurality of blades that are disposed at positions where the outer diameter of the main body is widened on the upstream side inside the main body and are spread outward in a propeller shape. In a conventional exhaust gas purification device, exhaust gas (exhaust gas) flowing in through the exhaust pipe from the engine manifold goes straight and collides with the center of the catalyst when entering the exhaust gas purification device from a pipe with a small diameter. However, in the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention, the guide vane unit is provided on the upstream side of the exhaust gas purification device, so that the exhaust gas can be uniformly guided to the upstream surface of the catalyst. Thereby, in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention, the treatment effect of the catalyst can be remarkably improved.

  In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, the catalyst unit is composed of a punch plate in which a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas is formed in a spiral shape, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on the punch plate. It is preferable that a certain metal is attached to the surface of the punch plate and the surfaces of the plurality of protrusions. With this configuration, it is possible to realize an exhaust gas purification device that has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high durability. Further, according to this configuration, the exhaust gas passage resistance of the exhaust gas can be reduced, and further, the catalytic effect can be enhanced. That is, the exhaust gas diffused and guided to the first ceramic oxidation catalyst comes into contact with the front surface of the catalyst and is subjected to an oxidation reaction treatment. The exhaust gas that has passed through the ceramic oxidation catalyst is guided to the second-layer metal oxidation catalyst through some space. At this stage, the exhaust gas whose temperature has risen due to the reaction treatment of the ceramic oxidation catalyst and whose composition has changed is further subjected to an oxidation reaction treatment by the metal oxidation catalyst. Since this metal oxidation catalyst also has an effect of collection, it is possible to treat the PM substance that has passed through the first layer. By combining these two types of oxidation catalysts, a synergistic purification effect can be expected in the purification of exhaust gas.

  In the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention, the guide vane unit and the catalyst unit are arranged concentrically, and the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled is opposite to the direction of the spiral in the cross section of the punch plate Preferably it is done. With this configuration, the exhaust gas can be uniformly and uniformly guided to the ceramic oxidation catalyst and the metal oxidation catalyst, so that a particularly remarkable synergistic purification effect can be expected in the purification of the exhaust gas by the oxidation reaction treatment. it can. In the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of protrusions are formed so that the upstream side is tapered. With this configuration, the exhaust gas passage resistance of the exhaust gas can be kept low.

  In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, an acceleration nozzle unit including a nozzle formed to taper toward the downstream side in order to restrict the flow of the exhaust gas is disposed on the downstream side of the catalyst unit. The inner nozzle arranged inside and the outer nozzle arranged outside the inner nozzle are configured in a double cylinder shape, and a part of the flow of exhaust gas flowing through the inner nozzle is made inside the outer nozzle. An outlet is formed in the inner nozzle, and a part of the exhaust gas flow passes through the outlet and flows into a space between the inner surface of the outer nozzle and the outer surface of the inner nozzle. It is preferable to configure. With this configuration, the exhaust gas outside the inner nozzle is taken away by the viscosity and becomes negative pressure, so a part of the exhaust gas can be guided to the space between the inner surface of the outer nozzle and the outer surface of the inner nozzle through the outlet. The exhaust passage resistance can be reduced.

  In the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust gas flow through the outlet is preferably 10% to 30% of the exhaust gas flow. With this configuration, part of the exhaust gas can be efficiently guided to the space between the inner surface of the outer nozzle and the outer surface of the inner nozzle through the outlet, and the exhaust passage resistance can be reduced. In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-section reduction rate of the inner nozzle is 10% to 30%. With this configuration, exhaust passage resistance can be reduced. In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the main body is formed in a double tube, and the inside of the double tube is maintained in a vacuum. By providing such a hollow portion, the heat from the main body can be suppressed and the temperature inside the main body can be maintained. Furthermore, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention can more effectively enhance the exhaust gas purification capability when an exhaust gas purifying fuel reformer that reforms fuel and sends it to the engine is used.

As described above, the present invention has the above-described characteristics in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus, so that the following remarkable effects can be exhibited.
(1) Since the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention can maintain the exhaust passage resistance of the exhaust gas to be small and increase the combustion efficiency by the catalyst, the exhaust gas can be efficiently purified.
(2) The exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention is configured to be able to avoid the exhaust gas from being concentrated and flowing in the central part of the main body of the apparatus, and thus has high durability.
(3) In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, since the exhaust gas is guided to the ceramic oxidation catalyst and / or the metal oxidation catalyst, synergistic purification of the exhaust gas by combining various types of oxidation catalysts. The effect can be expected.
(4) The exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

Embodiments of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(1) First embodiment:
(1.1) Structure of the first embodiment:
Initially, the structure of 1st Embodiment of the exhaust-gas purification apparatus of this invention is demonstrated. Referring to FIG. 1, an exhaust gas purifying device 100 of the present invention is constituted by a catalytic exhaust gas purifying device. The exhaust gas purification apparatus 100 includes a main body 102 for allowing exhaust gas to pass from an inlet side, that is, an upstream side to a downstream side, a guide vane unit 110 disposed on the upstream side within the main body 102, and an inside of the main body 102. The first catalyst unit 120, the second catalyst unit 132, the third catalyst unit 134, the fourth catalyst unit 136, and the downstream side of the fourth catalyst unit 136 are sequentially arranged downstream of the guide vane unit 110. And an acceleration nozzle unit 140.

  The body 102 has a central axis 102x so that it is in the direction of the exhaust gas flow. The inlet side, that is, the upstream side of the main body 102 forms an inlet tapered portion 102c that is tapered from the outer peripheral housing 102b toward the upstream side. The outlet side, that is, the downstream side of the main body 102 forms an outlet tapered portion 102d that is tapered from the outer peripheral housing 102b toward the downstream side. The main body 102 preferably has a circular cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The main body 102 may be configured such that the cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the exhaust gas flow is a polygon. The outer peripheral housing 102b of the main body 102 is formed in a double tubular shape. The hollow portion 102f provided in the double tube is preferably maintained in a vacuum. By providing such a hollow portion 102f, it is possible to suppress heat radiation from the main body 102 and maintain the temperature inside the main body 102 within a certain range that does not affect the use.

  A guide vane unit 110 for spirally propelling the flow of the exhaust gas is disposed upstream of the main body 102. Four catalyst units for purifying the exhaust gas by passing the exhaust gas flow are sequentially arranged on the downstream side of the guide blade unit 110 inside the main body 102. That is, the first catalyst unit 120, the second catalyst unit 132, the third catalyst unit 134, and the fourth catalyst unit 136 are coaxially arranged in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side. Four catalyst units 120, 132, 134, 136 are provided for spirally propelling the exhaust gas flow. Although FIG. 1 shows four catalyst units, the number of catalyst units may be one, two, or three or more. The central axes of the four catalyst units 120, 132, 134, 136 may be arranged so as to coincide with the central axis 102 x of the main body 102. Each of the four catalyst units 120, 132, 134, 136 preferably has the same shape. However, the four catalyst units 120, 132, 134, 136 may be formed to have different shapes.

For example, the first catalyst unit 120 and the third catalyst unit 134 may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber, and the second catalyst unit 132 and the fourth catalyst unit 136 may constitute a metal catalyst chamber. Alternatively, the first catalyst unit 120 and the third catalyst unit 134 may constitute a metal catalyst chamber, and the second catalyst unit 132 and the fourth catalyst unit 136 may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber. The ceramic catalyst chambers and the metal catalyst chambers are preferably arranged alternately from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Alternatively, at least one of the four catalyst units may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber and the remaining catalyst units may constitute a metal catalyst chamber. Alternatively, at least one of the four catalyst units may constitute a metal catalyst chamber, and the remaining catalyst units may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber.
With this configuration, the exhaust gas purification ability can be effectively enhanced by the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber and the catalytic action of the catalyst of the metal catalyst chamber.

  2 to 4, the guide blade unit 110 is disposed at a position downstream of the inlet taper portion 102 c inside the main body 102. The guide blade unit 110 includes a plurality of blades 112 (112a to 112d) that spread outward in a propeller shape. 2 to 4 show four blades 112a to 112d, the guide blade unit 110 may have two blades or three or more blades. The number of blades of the guide blade unit 110 is preferably 2 to 6. By comprising in this way, the flow of exhaust gas can be spiral-driven effectively. The center axis of the guide vane unit 110 is preferably arranged so as to coincide with the center axis 102x of the main body 102. For example, each of the blades 112a to 112d can be formed of stainless steel having a thickness of 1.5 mm. The outer peripheral part of each blade | wing 112a-112d is fixed to the ring for holding | maintenance. The retaining ring can be formed of stainless steel having a thickness of 1.5 mm. Referring to FIG. 2, the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled is right-handed (ie, clockwise) when viewed from the upstream side. Referring to FIG. 3, for example, the blades 112 are formed so that the outer diameter DHA is 198 mm, the lower opening angle SDN is 30 degrees to 45 degrees, and the upper opening angle SUP is 15 degrees to 45 degrees. Can do. For example, the shift amount SHF of the reference line of the upper opening angle SUP can be configured to be 10 mm. The total angle (SDN + SUP) of the lower opening angle SDN and the upper opening angle SUP is preferably formed to be in the range of 70 degrees to 90 degrees, and more preferably formed to be in the range of 80 degrees to 90 degrees. Even more preferred. By forming the total angle (SDN + SUP) to be within this range, the exhaust gas flow can be effectively spirally propelled. Referring to FIG. 4, for example, the twist angle TWS of the blade 112 may be 30 degrees, and the twist width TWD may be 50 mm. The twist angle TWS of the blades 112 is preferably formed so as to be within a range of 15 degrees to 50 degrees. By configuring the twist angle TWS of the blade 112 in this way, the exhaust gas flow can be spirally propelled more effectively.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the first catalyst unit 120 includes a punch plate 122 having a spiral cross section in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. For example, the number of spirals constituting each catalyst unit can be 30. For example, the catalyst unit 120 has an outer diameter DSY of 198 mm. The outer diameter DSY of the catalyst unit 120 is preferably configured to be equal to the outer diameter DHA of the blades 112. Referring to FIG. 6, when the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the blades 112 when viewed from the upstream side is a right-handed (that is, clockwise) direction, This direction is preferably formed in a left-handed direction (that is, counterclockwise) when viewed from the upstream side. In the above configuration, the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the blade 112 is configured to be opposite to the direction of the spiral of the cross section of the punch plate 122.
That is, when the spiral direction of the punch plate 122 is configured to be clockwise when viewed from the upstream side (that is, clockwise), the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the guide vane unit 110. Is preferably left-handed (ie, counterclockwise) when viewed from the upstream side. Alternatively, when the spiral direction of the punch plate 122 is configured to be counterclockwise when viewed from the upstream side (that is, counterclockwise), the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the guide vane unit 110. It is preferable to configure the right-handed (that is, clockwise direction) when viewed from the upstream side. The guide blade unit 110 and the catalyst unit 120 are preferably arranged concentrically. With this configuration, the flow direction of the exhaust gas can be changed at the catalyst chamber, and the exhaust gas purification ability can be dramatically increased. That is, with this configuration, the exhaust gas can be uniformly and uniformly guided to the ceramic oxidation catalyst and the metal oxidation catalyst, so that a particularly remarkable synergistic purification effect is expected in the purification of the exhaust gas by the oxidation reaction treatment. be able to. As a modification, the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the blade 112 may be configured to be the same direction as the direction of the spiral in the cross section of the punch plate 122. Even in this configuration, the exhaust vane can be uniformly and uniformly guided to the ceramic oxidation catalyst and the metal oxidation catalyst by the action of the guide vane unit, so that the synergistic purification effect can be achieved in the purification of the exhaust gas by the oxidation reaction treatment. Can be expected.

  7 to 10, a plurality of protrusions 124 are formed on the punch plate 122. The plurality of protrusions 124 are preferably formed so that the upstream side is tapered. For example, the planar shape of the protrusion 124 can be formed in the shape of an isosceles triangle having a base TB of 3 mm, a height TH of 3.6 mm, and an apex angle TK of 45 degrees. The planar shape of the protrusion 124 is preferably an acute triangle formed so that the upstream side is tapered. The cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 124 is preferably formed so that the upstream side is higher. For example, the punch plate 122 can be formed of ceramic having a thickness TPA of 1 mm. For example, the height HS of the tip portion on the upstream side of the protrusion 124 is 2 mm, the distance GT between the tip portions located on the upstream side of the two protrusions 124 is 4 mm, and the bottom portions on the downstream side of the protrusion 124 The gap GB can be formed to be 1 mm. For example, the gap GS between the bottom side portion of the protrusion 124 positioned on the upstream side and the tip end portion of the protrusion 124 positioned on the downstream side can be formed to be 1 mm. For example, 13 projections 124 can be formed for each row in the exhaust gas flow direction. The corner portions of the respective protrusions 124 can be provided with round portions necessary for processing. As shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable to arrange the rows of the protrusions 124 alternately in a so-called staggered pattern. By arranging the rows of the protrusions 124 in a staggered manner, the spiral propulsion of the exhaust gas flow can be maintained.

  The protrusion 124 can be formed by protruding a tool having a triangular head upward from the lower surface of the punch plate 122 in a state where the ceramic constituting the punch plate 122 is viscous. The first catalyst unit 120 can be formed by deforming the punch plate 122 on which the protrusions 124 are formed into a spiral shape, inserting a “wax” between the spirals, and sintering. A ceramic catalyst chamber can be formed by coating platinum (Pt) on the surface of the punch plate 122 deformed in a spiral shape. The metal coated on the surface of the punch plate 122 may be platinum, platinum and rhodium, or platinum, rhodium and palladium. Similar to the first catalyst unit 120, the third catalyst unit 134 constitutes a ceramic catalyst chamber. Therefore, the material and dimensions of the third catalyst unit 134 are the same as those of the catalyst unit 120 shown in FIG.

The second catalyst unit 132 and the fourth catalyst unit 136 constitute a metal catalyst chamber. Thus, by providing a ceramic catalyst chamber and a metal catalyst chamber and combining two types of oxidation catalysts, a synergistic purification effect can be expected in the purification of exhaust gas. The dimensions and shape of the second catalyst unit 132 are the same as those of the first catalyst unit 120 shown in FIG.
For example, the punch plate used to form the second catalyst unit 132 can be formed of stainless steel (for example, SUS304) having a thickness TPA of 1 mm. The thickness of the stainless steel punch plate is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, for example. The dimensional shape and arrangement of the protrusions formed on the punch plate used to form the second catalyst unit 132 are the same as those of the first catalyst unit 120 shown in FIG. The direction of the spiral of the punch plate used to form the second catalyst unit 132 is the same as that of the first catalyst unit 120 shown in FIG. The punch plate on which the protrusions are formed is deformed into a spiral shape. Next, the metal catalyst chamber can be formed by coating the surface of the punch plate with alumina (Al203) as a primary coating and further with platinum (Pt) as a secondary coating. The material, dimensions, and coating of the fourth catalyst unit 136 are the same as those of the second catalyst unit 132. The four catalyst units may be arranged in an order different from the above from the upstream side toward the downstream side. The metal coated on the surface of the punch plate may be platinum, platinum and rhodium, or platinum, rhodium and palladium. The dimensional shape of the punch plate of the second catalyst unit 132 may be different from the dimensional shape of the punch plate of the first catalyst unit 120.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 11, the acceleration nozzle unit 140 is disposed on the downstream side of the fourth catalyst unit 136. The acceleration nozzle unit 140 includes two nozzles formed so as to taper toward the downstream side in order to restrict the flow of exhaust gas. The acceleration nozzle unit 140 is configured in a concentric double cylinder shape including an inner nozzle 142 disposed on the inner side near the central axis line 102x and an outer nozzle 144 disposed on the outer side of the inner nozzle 142. The central axis of the inner nozzle 142 is preferably arranged so as to coincide with the central axis 102 x of the main body 102. The central axis of the outer nozzle 144 is preferably arranged so as to coincide with the central axis 102x of the main body 102. The central axis of the inner nozzle 142 is preferably arranged so as to coincide with the central axis of the outer nozzle 144.

  A plurality of outlets 146 for allowing a part of the flow of exhaust gas flowing through the inner nozzle 142 to flow into a space 144g between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 144 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 142 are upstream of the inner nozzle 142. It is formed in the closer part. Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, for example, the outer nozzle 144 can be formed such that the upstream outer diameter DSZ is 198 mm and the downstream inner diameter DKZ is 65 mm. For example, the inner nozzle 142 has an inner diameter DSZ on the upstream side of the first taper portion of 198 mm, an inner diameter DKY on the downstream side of the first taper portion is 70 mm, and an inner diameter DKK on the downstream side of the second taper portion is 50 mm. It can be formed as is. The cross section of the inner nozzle 142 is preferably configured to taper toward the downstream side by a plurality of taper portions having different taper ratios.

  For example, the outflow port 146 is a hole having a diameter of 20 mm, and can be formed in twelve along the circumferential direction. The flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing out to the space 144g between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 144 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 142 through the outlet 146 is preferably 10% to 30% of the flow rate of the exhaust gas. For example, the cross-sectional reduction rate of the inner nozzle 142 is preferably 7% to 20%. For example, the cross-sectional reduction rate of the outer nozzle 144 is preferably 10% to 30%. With this configuration, the exhaust gas outside the inner nozzle 142 is taken away by the viscosity and becomes negative pressure, so that a part of the exhaust gas passes through the outlet 146 into the space 144g between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 144 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 142. And exhaust passage resistance can be reduced.

(1.2) Operation of the first embodiment:
Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention will be described. When the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention is used, the exhaust of the internal combustion engine is reduced by connecting the inlet of the main body 102 to the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine and connecting the discharge port of the main body 102 to a silencer (muffler). Can be cleaned. In addition, the temperature inside the main body 102 can be maintained by the configuration in which the housing outside the main body 102 is formed in a double tubular shape.

  Referring to FIG. 1, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 100 of the present invention, the exhaust gas flowing from the inlet side, that is, the upstream side of the main body 102 is expanded inside the inlet taper portion 102 c and introduced into the guide vane unit 110. . Next, the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by a plurality (four) of the blades 112 of the guide blade unit 110. The direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the blades 112 is clockwise when viewed from the upstream side (that is, clockwise). Next, the exhaust gas that has passed through the guide vane unit 110 is introduced into the first catalyst unit 120. The direction of spiraling of the punch plate 122 of the first catalyst unit 120 is left-handed (that is, counterclockwise) when viewed from the upstream side. Therefore, the direction in which the exhaust gas is spirally propelled by the plurality of (four) blades 112 is opposite to the direction of the spiral in the cross section of the punch plate 122.

  In the first catalyst unit 120, the exhaust gas can be purified by the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber. The exhaust gas that has passed through the first catalyst unit 120 is introduced into the second catalyst unit 132. In the second catalyst unit 132, the exhaust gas can be purified by the catalytic action of the metal catalyst chamber. The exhaust gas that has passed through the second catalyst unit 132 is introduced into the third catalyst unit 134. In the third catalyst unit 134, the exhaust gas can be purified by the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber. The exhaust gas that has passed through the third catalyst unit 134 is introduced into the fourth catalyst unit 136. In the fourth catalyst unit 136, the exhaust gas can be purified by the catalytic action of the metal catalyst chamber. As described above, the exhaust gas purification ability can be effectively enhanced by the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber having a porous surface and the catalytic action of the metal catalyst chamber having a porous surface.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 11, the exhaust gas that has passed through the fourth catalyst unit 136 is introduced into the upstream inlet of the inner nozzle 142. Part of the flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the inner nozzle 142 passes through a plurality of outlets 146 provided in the inner nozzle 142, and enters a space 144 g between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 144 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 142. Leaked. A part of the exhaust gas flowing through the inner nozzle 142 flows out from the outlet on the downstream side of the inner nozzle 142, and another part of the exhaust gas is between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 144 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 142. It flows out from the outlet on the downstream side of the outer nozzle 144 to the discharge port through the space 144g. By flowing the exhaust gas in this way, the exhaust passage resistance can be reduced. Furthermore, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention can more effectively enhance the exhaust gas purification capability when an exhaust gas purifying fuel reformer that reforms fuel and sends it to the engine is used.

(2) Other embodiments:
Next, another embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention will be described. In the following description, a description will mainly be given of a point in which another embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention differs from the first embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention. Therefore, the description about 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention mentioned above applies mutatis mutandis here.

  Referring to FIG. 14, in the first type of another embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 220 includes a main body 222 and a guide vane unit arranged on the upstream side inside the main body 222. 224, a first catalyst unit 225 disposed on the downstream side of the guide vane unit 224, a second catalyst unit 226 disposed on the downstream side of the first catalyst unit 225, and a second catalyst unit. A third catalyst unit 227 disposed on the downstream side of the H.226, and a fourth catalyst unit 228 disposed on the downstream side of the third catalyst unit 227. The first catalyst unit 225 and the third catalyst unit 227 can be arranged to constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber. The second catalyst unit 226 and the fourth catalyst unit 228 can be arranged to constitute a metal catalyst chamber. Alternatively, at least one of the four catalyst units may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber and the remaining catalyst units may constitute a metal catalyst chamber. Alternatively, at least one of the four catalyst units may constitute a metal catalyst chamber, and the remaining catalyst units may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber. In the first type of other embodiments, the exhaust gas purification device 220 is not provided with an inner nozzle. With this configuration, the exhaust gas flow can be effectively spirally propelled, and further, by the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber having a porous surface and the catalytic action of the metal catalyst chamber having a porous surface. In addition, the exhaust gas purification ability can be effectively increased.

  Referring to FIG. 15, in a second type of another embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 230 includes a main body 232 and a guide vane unit disposed on the upstream side inside the main body 232. 233, one catalyst unit 234 disposed on the downstream side of the guide vane unit 233 inside the main body 232, and an acceleration nozzle unit 236 including two nozzles. The acceleration nozzle unit 236 includes an inner nozzle 237 and an outer nozzle 238 arranged outside the inner nozzle 237. A plurality of outlets 237h for allowing a part of the flow of the exhaust gas flowing in the inner nozzle 237 to flow into the space between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 238 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 237 are close to the upstream side of the inner nozzle 237. It is formed in the part. The catalyst unit 234 may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber, or may constitute a metal catalyst chamber. With this configuration, the flow of the exhaust gas can be effectively spirally propelled, and the exhaust gas purification ability can be effectively enhanced by the catalytic action of the catalyst chamber having a porous surface. Furthermore, this configuration can reduce the exhaust passage resistance.

  Referring to FIG. 16, in the third type of another embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 240 includes a main body 242 and a guide blade unit disposed on the upstream side inside the main body 242. 243, a first catalyst unit 244 disposed on the downstream side of the guide vane unit 243, a second catalyst unit 245 disposed on the downstream side of the first catalyst unit 244, and a second catalyst unit inside the main body 242. Accelerating nozzle unit 246 disposed downstream of 245 and including two nozzles. The acceleration nozzle unit 246 includes an inner nozzle 247 and an outer nozzle 248 disposed outside the inner nozzle 247. A plurality of outlets 247h for allowing a part of the flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the inner nozzle 247 to flow into the space between the inner surface of the outer nozzle 248 and the outer surface of the inner nozzle 247 are close to the upstream side of the inner nozzle 247. It is formed in the part. The first catalyst unit 244 may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber and the second catalyst unit 245 may constitute a metal catalyst chamber, or the first catalyst unit 244 may constitute a metal catalyst chamber and the second catalyst unit 245 This configuration may constitute a ceramic catalyst chamber, which can effectively spiral the exhaust gas flow, with the catalytic action of the ceramic catalyst chamber having a porous surface and the porous surface. Due to the catalytic action of the metal catalyst chamber, the exhaust gas purification ability can be effectively enhanced. Furthermore, this configuration can reduce the exhaust passage resistance.

  The exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention can be used to purify exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine or the like. In particular, when the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention is used, exhaust gas can be effectively cleared by catalytic reaction.

In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an apparatus. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a perspective view which shows the structure of a guide blade unit. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a front view which shows the structure of a guide blade body when it sees from an upstream. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a side view which shows the structure of a guide blade body. In the 1st Embodiment of the exhaust-gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a perspective view which shows the structure of the ceramic catalyst unit when it sees from diagonally upward from an upstream. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a front view which shows the structure of the ceramic catalyst unit when it sees from an upstream. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is an upper top view which shows the state before entrainment of the punch plate for comprising a ceramic catalyst unit. FIG. 3 is an enlarged top plan view showing the shape of a protrusion formed on a punch plate for constituting a ceramic catalyst unit in the first embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the shape of the protrusion formed on the punch plate along line 9A-9A in FIG. 7 in the first embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the shape of the protrusion formed on the punch plate along line 10A-10A in FIG. 7 in the first embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an acceleration nozzle unit, and the flow of exhaust gas. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an acceleration nozzle unit. In 1st Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is a rear view which shows the structure of an inner side nozzle when it sees from the downstream. In other embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a 1st type apparatus. In other embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a 2nd type apparatus. In other embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a 3rd type apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Exhaust gas purification apparatus 102 Main body 110 Guide blade unit 112 Blade 120 Catalyst unit 122 Punch plate 124 Protrusion 140 Acceleration nozzle unit 142 Inner nozzle 144 Outer nozzle 146 Outflow port 220 Exhaust gas purification device 230 Exhaust gas purification device 240 Exhaust gas purification device

Claims (9)

In a catalytic exhaust gas purification device,
A main body (102) for passing exhaust gas from the upstream side to the downstream side;
A guide vane unit (110) disposed on the upstream side in the main body (102) for spirally propelling the flow of exhaust gas;
Inside the main body (102), the exhaust gas is passed through the flow of the exhaust gas that is disposed downstream of the guide blade unit (110) and spirally propelled by the guide blade unit (110). One or more catalyst units (120) for purification;
An exhaust gas purification device comprising:   The guide vane unit (110) is arranged at a position where the outer diameter of the main body (102) is widened on the upstream side of the main body (102), and a plurality of vanes (112) spreading outward in a propeller shape. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   The catalyst unit (120) is composed of a punch plate (122) having a cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas formed in a spiral shape, and a plurality of protrusions (124) are formed in the punch plate (122). The exhaust gas purification according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a metal having a catalytic effect is attached to the surface of the punch plate (122) and the surfaces of the plurality of protrusions (124). apparatus.   The guide blade unit (110) and the catalyst unit (120) are arranged concentrically, and the direction in which the flow of the exhaust gas is spirally propelled is opposite to the direction of the spiral in the cross section of the punch plate (122). The exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is configured as follows.   The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of protrusions (124) are formed so that the upstream side is tapered.   An acceleration nozzle unit (140) including a nozzle that is tapered toward the downstream side in order to restrict the flow of the exhaust gas is disposed on the downstream side of the catalyst unit (120), and the acceleration nozzle unit ( 140) is configured in a double cylindrical shape including an inner nozzle (142) disposed on the inner side and an outer nozzle (144) disposed on the outer side of the inner nozzle (142), and the inner nozzle (142). ), An outlet (146) is formed in the inner nozzle (142) for allowing a part of the flow of the exhaust gas flowing therethrough to flow into the outer nozzle (144). The portion is configured to flow through the outlet (146) and into a space (144g) between the inner surface of the outer nozzle (144) and the outer surface of the inner nozzle (142). Wherein the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow of the exhaust gas through the outlet (146) is 10% to 30% of the flow of the exhaust gas.   The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross-section reduction rate of the inner nozzle (142) is 10% to 30%.   The exhaust gas purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the main body (102) is formed in a double tubular shape, and the inside of the double tube is maintained in a vacuum. .

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