JP2006322383A - Twin rotor type wind power generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small, middle size wind power generator capable of wind direction control by a stabilizing fin and more efficient power generation even at a short post height position, and to provide a wind power generation device suitable for a wind condition in Japan. <P>SOLUTION: The wind power generating device is provided with a turning hub 3 freely turning in 360° in relation to a post and a slip ring-cum-casing 4 on an upper part of the post, a stabilizing fin arm 5 and a vertical tail 6 fixed on a rear part, a wind power generation arm 7 on a front part and left and right two wind power generators 1-L, 1-R fixed thereon. The left and the right wind power generators are fixed on a device with toe-in angles and caster angles kept on a rotary axis of a propeller to provide a structure for the stabilizing fin to easily perform wind direction control. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a small-sized and medium-sized wind power generator that can cope with such conditions in view of the fact that Japanese wind is characterized by a small and weak wind mass and a rapid change in wind direction over time.

  A conventional wind power generator is generally known as a type in which a single wind power generator having a propeller is provided at the upper end of a support and a tail is disposed behind the wind power generator, commonly known as an upwind type. . In addition to this, there is a type in which a propeller and a generator are arranged behind the support column, commonly known as a downwind type.

  The upwind wind power generator is configured such that the propeller is caused to follow the wind direction at right angles by the tail, the propeller is rotated by the wind speed, and the wind power generator is rotated by the propeller rotational force to generate power. .

  The wind power generation system described in “Patent Document 1” uses a wind direction anemometer to predict the wind direction wind speed and arrival time of the wind received by the wind power generator, and guides it to the controller based on the predicted data. The yaw angle is controlled by the motor via the gear so that the propeller rotation surface of the wind power generator is adjusted to the predicted wind direction by the control signal of the controller, and the pitch angle of the propeller blade is maximized with respect to the wind speed. It is optimized for output.

  “Non-Patent Document 1” discloses the results of experiments on changes in ground height and wind speed. According to this, it is understood that the higher the height, the stronger the wind speed. However, the rate of change in wind speed is rapidly reduced to about 0.2 (m / s) as the height increases by 10 (m) from around 50 (m). On the other hand, at a height of 40 (m), the wind speed is 5.18 (m / s), 30 (m) is 4.59 (m / s), 20 (m) is 3.47 (m / s), 10 (m). Then, the rate of change in wind speed increases as the height decreases to about 2.0 (m / s). This is the reason why large windmills are operating at high positions.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-285857. Hayashi Nobu; “Conditions for Wind Farm Construction in Medium Wind Speed Area”, 26th Wind Energy Utilization Symposium, Japan Wind Energy Association and Japan Science and Technology Foundation, November 2004, p. 79-82.

  In wind turbine generators with a single wind power generator installed at the top end of the column and a tail wing arranged behind the wind power generator, turbulence caused by the propeller causes uncertainty in wind direction control by the tail wing. There's a problem. In addition, a so-called wind noise is generated at a rotational position where the propeller coincides with the rear column.

  In the wind power generation system described in “Patent Document 1”, the yaw angle is controlled by the anemometer so that the rotation axis of the windmill coincides with the wind direction, and the pitch angle of the propeller blade is set to the maximum with respect to the wind speed. Although the output is optimized, an anemometer and a control circuit are required, which increases costs and increases the risk of failure. In addition, this method causes a control delay in wind direction control where the wind direction changes with time. Moreover, it becomes an apparatus which generate | occur | produces noise between the support | pillars behind a propeller.

  The present invention provides a wind power generation device that can quickly follow changes in the wind direction, has a high facility utilization rate without increasing the height of the support, and is low in cost by mounting two generators on one support. It is.

As described earlier in “Non-patent Document 1”, the wind speed change rate is small at a high point of 50 (m) or more, but conversely, the change rate increases and the change in bending moment applied to the propeller increases as the wind speed decreases. . For example, in the case of a propeller having a turning radius of 10 (m), the area is 31.4 (m ² ), and if two of these are installed, the area is 62.8 (m ² ). If a wind turbine is installed on a prop of 30 (m) height, the highest part is 40 (m), the expected wind speed is 5.18 (m / s), the lowest part is 20 (m) and 3.47 ( m / s), and the rate of change in wind speed is calculated as 1.71.
When this is installed at the same column height of 30 (m) and calculated under the condition that one windmill generates the same electric power, the turning radius is 14.14 (m), and the highest part of the propeller is 44.14. (M), the lowest part is 15.86 (m). In this case, the wind speed at the highest position of the propeller is 5.33 (m / s), the lowest part is 2.74 (m / s), and the wind speed change rate is calculated as 2.59. Compared to the case where two wind turbines with a turning radius of 10 (m) are installed and the case where only one wind turbine with a turning radius of 14.14 (m) having the same wind power generation capacity is installed, the rate of change in wind speed is Is about 1.515 times larger when two units are used. As for the bending moment to the propeller, one unit is disadvantageous, and considering that the wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, the bending moment load on the propeller is smaller when multiple small windmills are installed side by side. This contributes to reducing the cause of damage and increasing durability.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following configurations. In the invention according to claim 1, a turning hub capable of freely turning 360 ° with respect to the support is disposed at the uppermost part of the support standing on the ground, and a slip ring and a casing are fixed to the turning hub. A tail arm is provided at the rear end of the slip ring and casing, and a vertical tail is provided at the rear end of the tail arm. A wind power generator arm is fixed at the front end of the slip ring and casing, and one wind power generator is provided at each end of the wind power generator arm at a predetermined interval. The wind power generator characterized by this is provided.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a propeller is fixed to each of the rotating shafts of the two wind power generators, and the two propellers are formed at opposite pitches so as to rotate in opposite directions. The wind power generation apparatus according to claim 1 is provided, and the counteracting torque applied to the entire apparatus due to the rotation of the propeller is canceled by the two propellers rotating in opposite directions.

  In the invention according to claim 3, since the vertical tail is disposed between the two wind power generators, the vertical tail is not affected by the turbulence by the two propellers, and is installed behind the tail arm. A wind turbine generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. This provides the effect of stably realizing the yaw angle control with the tail wing outside the turbulent sphere of air by the propeller.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the arm for wind power generator extends to the right and left of the vertical column at equal intervals and is fixed to the turning hub. A wind turbine generator according to claim 3.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the center line of the rotating shafts of the two wind power generators has a constant angle (caster angle) upward with respect to a horizontal line perpendicular to the column vertical line when viewed from the side. 5. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind power generator is fixed to a machine arm. By this mechanism, a caster angle related to the direction operation of a vehicle such as an automobile can be given to improve the turning performance of the wind power generator, and the function of turning the wind power generator in the wind direction with a slight rotational force can be given. If the caster angle is large, the turning force becomes strong, but at the same time, the caster angle becomes weak against turbulence. Therefore, the value is appropriately selected from about 5 to 10 degrees.

  In the invention according to claim 6, the center lines of the rotary shafts of the two wind power generators open obliquely outward with respect to the tail axis when viewed from above, and have a certain angle (toe angle). The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine generator is fixed to a generator arm. This mechanism is stable with respect to the wind direction, as in the principle of giving a toe angle to a steering wheel of a vehicle such as an automobile to give straight running stability performance. On the other hand, when the wind direction changes, the surface of the propeller having a rotation axis that is nearly perpendicular to the wind direction receives more air volume, which acts as a drag and generates torque that turns the entire device without relying on the tail. It will turn to the wind direction. That is, it operates as an automatic wind direction adjusting mechanism. This has the effect of simplifying and reducing the wind direction control device.

  A turning hub capable of turning 360 ° with respect to the support is provided on an upper part of the support that is erected on the ground, and a slip ring and a casing are fixed to the turning hub. A tail arm is provided at the rear end of the cum casing, a vertical tail is provided at the rear end of the tail arm, and a wind power generator arm is provided at the front end of the slip ring and casing. The wind power generator is characterized in that two wind power generators are fixed on one column with two wind power generators fixed on the left and right sides of the wind power generator arm. Since it can be installed, it is advantageous in terms of cost.

On the other hand, by arranging a plurality of wind turbines side by side, the rate of change in wind speed due to the height at the propeller part is suppressed, the rate of change in bending moment applied to the propeller is reduced, and mechanical vibration fatigue of the propeller is reduced. There are advantages that can be obtained.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the propellers are fixed to the rotating shafts of the two wind power generators, and the two propellers are formed at opposite pitches so as to rotate in opposite directions. This counteracts the counteracting torques caused by the rotation of each other, thereby canceling each other out and ensuring that the yaw angle control by the tail is realized without error.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tail is disposed between the two propellers and is in a position not affected by the turbulence by the two propellers, so that the yaw angle control can be realized stably. can get.

  According to invention of Claim 4, Claim 5, Claim 6, the arm for wind power generators is extended at equal intervals to the right and left of the support, and is fixed to the turning hub, The rotating shaft core of the wind power generator is fixed to the outer side of the tail arm diagonally outward and has a caster angle facing upward toward the horizontal line. It is possible to operate with agility and small force.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings showing examples. FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2 are top views. 2 and 3 are side views. The wind power generator 1-L includes a propeller 1-A, a generator 1-C, and a rotating shaft 1-E. The wind power generator 1-R includes a propeller 1-B, a generator 1-D, and a rotating shaft 1-F. A turning hub 3 that turns 360 ° freely with respect to the support column is disposed above the support column 2 standing on the ground, and a slip ring and casing 4 is fixed to the turning hub 3. A tail arm 5 is disposed at the rear end of the slip ring and casing 4, and a vertical tail 6 is fixed to the rear end of the tail arm 5. A wind power generator arm 7 is fixed to the front end of the slip ring / casing 4 and wind power generators 1-L and 1-R are provided at both ends of the arm 7 at a predetermined interval.

  The wind power generator arm 7 is fixed in front of the slip ring and casing 4 (on the side opposite to the tail), and wind power generators 1-L, 1-L are attached to the ends of 7-L and 7-R. R is fixed. In order to maintain a predetermined separation interval, a tension rod 7-A may be provided.

  Arm 7 for the wind power generator so that the center line of the rotating shaft 1-E and the rotating shaft 1-F is directed β ° upward (caster angle) with respect to the horizontal line L that intersects the column core N at right angles. The wind power generators 1-L and 1-R are fixed to the ends of the L and 7-R.

  On the other hand, with respect to the wind direction W-1, the center lines of the rotary shaft 1-E and the rotary shaft 1-F are opened α ° outward from the tail arm center line M (Toe-in angle). The wind power generators 1-L and 1-R are fixed.

  FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2 are top views as seen from above the wind turbine generator of the present invention. FIG. 1-2 is a diagram (indicated by a broken line) including the midway of change during turning by the propeller of the device itself when the wind direction W-1 changes to the wind direction W-2. 1-1, when the wind direction W-1 changes to the wind direction W-2, it can be seen that the angle θ2 ° with respect to the propeller 1-L is larger than the angle θ1 ° with respect to the propeller 1-R. This is because the drag force applied to the propeller 1-L is stronger than the drag force applied to the propeller 1-R, so that a clockwise swiveling force is exerted on the drawing. Rotate until the propeller is at a right angle. If it goes too far, the reverse action is applied to the propeller 1-R, the turning force is reversed, and it returns again to the wind direction W-2. In this way, not only the tail but also the turning force due to the drag of the propeller itself is added to the change in the wind direction, so that the entire device is always directed directly in front of the wind direction, and the wind power generator functions to have the maximum output.

  FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus. By placing two wind power generators on one column, you will receive almost the same wind speed. This can be said to be a structure suitable for the wind conditions in Japan where the propeller diameter is shorter and the rate of change in wind speed is greater than when two units generate the same electrical output. In addition, two wind power generators are mounted on a single column, which contributes to a reduction in equipment costs. On the other hand, it can also be said that there is no wind noise due to the intersection with the props behind the propeller.

  FIG. 3 is a side view of the apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2, the tail is disposed at a position not subject to the turbulence of the propeller, and the wind power generator is provided with a caster angle as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 1-1 and FIG. A major feature of this apparatus is that the propeller can be designed to be small by providing the propeller with the toe angle shown in 2 to obtain a turning force by a portion other than the tail.

The top view seen from the top of the wind power generator of the present invention Front view of the device Side view of the device

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 1-L Left wind power generator 1-R Right wind power generator 1-A Left pitch propeller 1-B Right pitch propeller 1-C Left generator 1-D Right generator 1-E Left rotating shaft 1- F Right Rotating Shaft 2 Standing Stand 3 on the Ground 3 Swivel Hub 4 Slip Ring / Case 5 Tail Arm 6 Vertical Tail 7 Wind Generator Arm 7-L Left Wind Generator Arm 7- R Arm for right wind power generator
α ° Toe angle β ° Caster angle θ1 ° Angle to wind direction W-2 and propeller 1-R θ2 ° Angle to wind direction W-2 and propeller 1-L W-1 Wind direction W-2 Wind direction N Strut vertical line L Column horizontal line M Tail arm center line

Claims (6)

  A turning hub that revolves 360 ° freely with respect to the support column is provided on the upper portion of the support column that is erected on the ground, and a slip ring and casing is fixed to the turning hub, and the slip ring and casing is fixed. A tail arm is provided at the rear end, a tail is provided at the rear end of the tail arm, and a wind generator arm is hung from side to side at the front end of the slip ring and casing. The wind power generator is characterized in that the wind power generators are fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals on both sides of the wind power generator arm.   2. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein a propeller is fixed to each of the rotating shafts of the two wind power generators, and the two propellers are formed at opposite pitches so as to rotate in opposite directions.   The tail blade is disposed between the two wind power generators, is located at a position not affected by the turbulence by the two propellers, and is installed behind the tail arm. The wind power generator according to claim 2.   The wind power generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the arm for wind power generator extends to the left and right of the support column at equal intervals and is fixed to the slip ring / casing. apparatus.   The center line of the rotation axis of the two wind generators mentioned above has a fixed angle (caster angle) upward with respect to the horizontal line perpendicular to the column vertical line when viewed from the side, and the wind generator is on the wind generator arm. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine generator is fixed. The center line of the rotation axis of the two wind power generators mentioned above has a fixed angle (toe angle) obliquely outward from the tail arm center line when viewed from above, and the wind power generator is attached to the wind power arm. 6. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine generator is fixed.

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