JP2006315284A - Wood processing method, wood processing retaining mold and wood processing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood processing method capable of molding wood without cracking the same even in a case that a change in the shape of the wood before and after compression is large, a wood processing retaining mold and a wood processing apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: When compression force is applied to the wood to be processed, a region, on which compression force acts, of the wood is compressed while gradually widened from the central part of the wood to the peripheral edge part thereof. At this time, the wood is held between the wood processing retaining mold, of which the contact part with the surface of the wood comprises a material having at least one property of viscosity and elasticity, and a predetermined mold to apply compression force to the wood. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood processing method, a wood processing formwork, and a processing apparatus for processing wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape.

  In recent years, natural wood has attracted attention. Since wood has a variety of grain, individual differences occur depending on the location of the raw wood, and the individual differences are the individuality of each product. In addition, scratches and changes in color caused by long-term use may also have a unique texture and may be familiar to the user. For these reasons, wood is attracting attention as a material that can produce unique and tasty products that are not found in products using synthetic resins and light metals, and its processing technology is also making dramatic progress.

  Conventionally, as a processing technique for such wood, after compressing a piece of water softened and softened, and cutting the wood substantially parallel to the compression direction to obtain a plate-like primary fixed product, this primary fixed product is heated and absorbed by water. There is known a technique of forming a predetermined three-dimensional shape while performing the process (for example, see Patent Document 1). There is also known a technique in which a piece of wood compressed in a softened state is temporarily fixed, and this wood is put into a mold and recovered to mold (for example, see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3078452 JP-A-11-77619

  However, in the above-described conventional wood processing technology, when the wood grain is preferentially shaped so that the wood surface forms a desired grain, the shape may deviate greatly from the shape of the formwork. In such a case, the shape of the timber taken must be greatly deformed. However, when a mold is used, the wood is easily cracked during compression. That is, when the shape change of wood due to compression is large, it has been difficult to form the wood without causing cracks.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and a wood processing method and wood that can be formed without causing cracks in the wood even when the shape of the wood before and after compression is large An object is to provide a processing formwork and a processing apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the invention according to claim 1 is a wood processing method for processing the wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape by applying a compressive force to the wood, It has the compression process which compresses the said wood, gradually expanding the area | region where a compressive force acts from the center part of the said wood to a peripheral part.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, in the compression step, the portion contacting the surface of the wood is made of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity. The compression force is applied by sandwiching the wood between a mold and a predetermined mold.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a shaping step of shaping the shape of the wood compressed in the compression step into the three-dimensional shape.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a woodworking mold for processing the wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape by sandwiching the wood with a predetermined mold and applying a compressive force. Abutting against any surface of the wood, a projecting portion that applies a compressive force to the wood while gradually expanding the abutting region from the center of the surface to the peripheral edge, and abutting against the end face of the wood during compression, An end face pressing portion that applies a compressive force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end face, and the protruding portion and the end face pressing portion are made of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity. It is characterized by that.

  A processing apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the invention includes the wood processing mold according to the fourth aspect, and a mold that sandwiches the wood between the wood processing mold and applies a compressive force. It is characterized by that.

  According to the wood processing method, the wood processing formwork, and the processing apparatus according to the present invention, when a compressive force is applied to the wood to be processed, the region where the compressive force acts is changed from the central portion to the peripheral portion of the wood. By compressing while gradually expanding, even if the shape change before and after the compression of the wood is large, it is possible to form the wood without causing cracks.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a compressed wood product formed by a wood processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The compressed wooden product 1 shown in these two figures has a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion 1a from a main plate portion 1a having a substantially rectangular surface and two sides substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the surface of the main plate portion 1a. And two side plate portions extending at a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion 1a from each of two sides substantially parallel to the lateral direction of the surface of the main plate portion 1a. 1c. The thickness (r) of the compressed wood product 1 is substantially uniform, and the surface of the main plate portion 1a forms a plate surface. The cross section taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 is substantially the same as the cross section taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 2 except that the dimensions are different.

  Next, a wood processing method according to this embodiment will be described. In the following description, the case where the compressed wood product 1 having the above-described shape is formed will be described. However, the wood processing method according to this embodiment can be applied to compressed wood products having other shapes.

First, the wood used as the raw material of the compressed wood product 1 is formed from the raw wood. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of wood formed by cutting or the like from uncompressed solid wood that is raw wood. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. The wood 11 shown in these figures is more like a bowl than the compressed wood product 1 after molding (see FIG. 1), and the outer side surface 11a and the inner side surface 11b have smooth curved surfaces, respectively, and the wall thickness is almost the same. Uniform (referred to as r ₀ ). Further, the wood 11 has a volume obtained by adding in advance a volume to be reduced by a compression process described later. 3 is substantially the same shape as the CC line cross section shown in FIG. 4 except that the dimensions are different.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a shaping position when shaping the wood 11 having the above configuration, and more specifically, a shaping position from the solid material of the cross-sectional portion shown in FIG. FIG. In order for the main plate portion 1a of the compressed wood product 1 to have a plate surface as shown in FIG. 1, the wood 11 must be shaped from a solid material so that the surface of the wood 11 forms a plate surface. For this reason, when the wood 11 is formed from the solid material 10, it is shaped so that the curvature of the side surface of the wood 11 is generally larger than the curvature of the wood grain 10G as shown in FIG. As this solid material 10, it is possible to use camellia, camellia leaf, paulownia, cedar, pine, cherry blossom, camellia, ebony, teak, mahogany, rosewood and the like.

  In addition, it is also possible to apply a grid material or a memorizing material as the wood 11. Therefore, how to form the wood to be processed from the solid wood 10 depends on the use of the compressed wood product as a result processed using the wood, the strength or aesthetics required for the compressed wood product, etc. It may be determined in consideration of various conditions.

  Subsequently, the wood 11 shaped as described above is compressed (compression step). Before this compression step, the wood 11 is left in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere for a predetermined time. The high temperature and high pressure here means that the temperature is 100 to 230 ° C., more preferably about 180 to 230 ° C., and the pressure is 0.1 to 3 MPa (megapascal), more preferably about 0.45 to 2.5 MPa. Refers to the state. Thereby, the wood 11 absorbs moisture excessively and softens. Instead of leaving the wood 11 in the steam atmosphere described above, for example, the wood 11 may be compressed after being heated by a high-frequency electromagnetic wave such as a microwave.

  Then, a compression process is implemented in the same water vapor atmosphere. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the woodworking mold and the main part of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment, and is a diagram showing an outline of the compression process. As shown in the figure, the processing apparatus according to this embodiment includes a mold 31 and a mold 41 that sandwich a wood 11 as a processing target wood and apply a compression force. In FIG. 6, the top and bottom of the cross section of the wood 11 are reversed from those in FIG. 4. That is, in FIG. 6, the inner side surface 11 b of the wood 11 comes upward.

  A mold 31 as a wood processing mold according to this embodiment includes a rubber mold 32 made of a material (elastic body) such as silicon rubber that comes into contact with an inner surface 11b which is one of the surfaces of the wood 11, and this A substantially rectangular parallelepiped movable mold 33 that is bonded to the upper end of the rubber mold 32 and can move up and down is provided. The rubber mold 32 holds the projecting portion 34 projecting downward in FIG. 6 and coming into contact with at least a part of the inner side surface 11b of the wood 11 and the end surface 11c of the wood 11, and substantially the thickness direction of the end surface 11c during compression. And an end face pressing portion 35 that applies a compressive force in the orthogonal direction. Depending on the hardness of the rubber mold 32 to be used, deformation of the rubber mold 32 may be limited by providing a mold on the outer periphery of the rubber mold 32.

  On the other hand, the mold 41 that applies a compressive force from below the wood 11 during compression has a recess 42 into which the outer surface 11a of the wood 11 is fitted. The edge 43 of the recess 42 has an R shape, and when the wood 11 is compressed, excessive stress is applied to the portion of the outer surface 11a that contacts the edge 43 and the wood 11 is cracked. To prevent.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the mold 31 is lowered and the rubber mold 32 and the mold 41 are in contact with each other. As shown in FIG. 7, the outer surface 11 a of the wood 11 is in contact with the central portion of the recess 42 of the mold 41. Further, the vicinity of the lower end of the protruding portion 34 is in contact with the central portion of the inner surface 11 b of the wood 11. In this state, since the shape of the outer surface 11a is greatly different from the shape of the recess 42, a gap is generated between the peripheral edge of the outer surface 11a and the recess 42. On the other hand, the shape of the inner side surface 11b and the shape of the protruding portion 34 are not completely the same (the difference between the shape of the outer side surface 11a and the shape of the concave portion 42 is not as great), There is also a gap between the peripheral edge and the protrusion 34. As a result, immediately after the lowering of the mold 31 starts from the state shown in FIG. 7, a compressive force acts only near the center of the wood 11.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in the middle of lowering the mold 31 from the state illustrated in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8, by lowering the mold 31, the rubber mold 32 itself is also pressed and deformed gradually by the movable mold 33 and the wood 11, and the region that contacts the inner surface 11 b is the wood 11. It gradually spreads from the center of the surface to the periphery. At the same time, the end face pressing portion 35 of the rubber mold 32 contacts the end face 11c and applies a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end face 11c. As a result, the region where the compressive force acts on the surface of the wood 11 expands as the mold 31 descends, and the gap between the outer surface 11a and the mold 41 and the space between the inner surface 11b and the rubber mold 32 are increased. The gap gradually decreases with deformation. At the same time, the thickness of the wood 11 gradually decreases from the central part to the peripheral part.

  At the time of this deformation, the outer surface 11a is deformed while sliding at the portion in contact with the edge portion 43. For this reason, if the surface of the edge part 43 is coated with a material such as Teflon (registered trademark), the dynamic friction force generated with the wood 11 is reduced and the sliding of the wood 11 becomes easier. More preferable in terms of preventing cracking.

  As described above, by applying the rubber mold 32 to the one mold 31 that sandwiches the wood 11, rapid deformation of the wood 11 can be mitigated by deformation of the rubber mold 32 itself during compression. Therefore, unlike a conventional case in which wood is sandwiched and compressed using a pair of molds, an excessive compressive force does not act on the wood 11, and even if the shape change due to compression is large, the wood 11. It is possible to prevent cracks and the like from occurring.

  Thereafter, when the rubber mold 32 completely fills the gap with the wood 11 and a predetermined compressive force is applied to the wood 11, the lowering of the movable mold 33 is stopped. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the deformation of the wood 11 is almost completed in the compression process. In the state shown in FIG. 9, a uniform compressive force acts on the wood 11 from the rubber mold 32 regardless of the location due to the characteristics of the rubber mold 32 as an elastic body. After a predetermined time has passed in this state, the mold 31 and the mold 41 are separated.

  Subsequently, a shaping mold (hereinafter referred to as a shaping mold) different from the mold 31 is lowered in a steam atmosphere similar to the compression step, and the wood 11 is sandwiched between the mold 41. To perform shaping (shaping step). FIG. 10 is a view showing a state when the wood is compressed in this shaping step (a state in which the deformation of the wood 11 is almost completed), and is a longitudinal sectional view when viewed from the same cut surface as FIG.

  In this shaping step, the shaping mold 51 that applies a compressive force from above the wood 11 has a convex portion 52 that is shaped to fit into the inner surface 11 b of the wood 11. The convex portion 52 has a shape such as the vicinity of the end surface 11c of the wood 11 that can shape a portion where the compression by the rubber mold 32 was insufficient in the compression step. After leaving for a predetermined time in the compressed state shown in FIG. 10, the mold 41 and the shaping mold 51 are separated to release the compression, and the wood 11 is dried by releasing the water vapor atmosphere, whereby the compressed wood product shown in FIG. 1 is completed.

As a result of the compression step and the shaping step, the thickness r of the compressed wooden product 1 is about 30 to 50% of the thickness r ₀ before compression of the wood 11 shaped from the solid material 10. In other words, the compression ratio (r ₀ −r) / r ₀ of wood is about 0.5 to 0.7. The compression rate in the compression process and the shaping process can be changed according to conditions such as the type of the wood 11 and the use of the compressed wooden product 1. For example, only the shape may be changed greatly without changing the wall thickness in the compression step, and compression in the thickness direction may be mainly performed in the shaping step.

  Depending on the shape and application of the compressed wooden product to be processed, a predetermined three-dimensional shape may be obtained with sufficient accuracy after the compression process is completed. In such a case, it is not always necessary to perform the shaping process.

  When the mold 31 or the shaping mold 51 is moved up and down with respect to the mold 41 in the two processes (the compression process and the shaping process) described above, the mold 31 or the shaping mold 51 is electrically connected. The processing device may be provided with driving means for driving the mold 31 or the shaping mold 51 to electrically control the compression force applied to the wood 11. On the other hand, the mold 31 or the shaping mold 51 and the mold 41 are connected with screws, and the mold 31 or the shaping mold 51 is moved up and down with respect to the mold 41 by manually or automatically tightening the screws. The compression force applied to the wood 11 may be controlled.

  Further, as the shaping step, the shape of the surface may be shaped by cutting the surface of the wood to be processed. Such a shaping process is, for example, in the state after the compression process, when the thickness of the section of the timber remains larger than the thickness of the other part, or when shaping the surface of the timber flatly, etc. Is preferred.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere in the compression process is realized, for example, inside the pressure vessel. In this case, since only a limited space can be secured inside the pressure vessel, it is not possible to take a long stroke of the drive-side mold or mold. In the case of the above-described mold 31, an extra stroke can be taken as much as the rubber mold 32 is deformed, so that a compressive force can be freely applied even in a limited space.

  According to the wood processing method, the woodworking formwork, and the processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, when a compressive force is applied to the wood to be processed, the region where the compressive force acts is described above. By compressing while gradually spreading from the central part of the wood to the peripheral part, even when the shape change before and after the compression of the wood is large, it is possible to form the wood without causing cracks. As a result, the yield at the time of manufacturing a compressed wood product can also be improved.

  Further, according to this embodiment, since the wood processing formwork is provided with a rubber mold, the rubber mold can be deformed at the time of compression and a compressive force can be uniformly applied to the wood surface. Regardless of the shape of the wood to be used, the density of the wood can be made uniform, and it becomes possible to impart uniform strength to the compressed wood.

  Next, a modification of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the woodworking mold and processing apparatus according to a modification of the present embodiment, and compresses the wood 12 shaped from a solid material 10 into a flat plate shape. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the compression process. In this case, a mold 61 (woodworking mold) for applying a compressive force to the wood 12 from above the wood 12 includes a rubber mold 62 and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped movable metal bonded to the upper end of the rubber mold 62. And a mold 63. In addition, the metal mold | die 41 which applies the compressive force with respect to the timber 12 from the downward direction of the timber 12 is the same as the said one Embodiment.

  The rubber mold 62 that constitutes the mold 61 includes a protrusion 64 that abuts the central portion of one surface (upper surface in FIG. 11) of the flat-shaped wood 12 immediately before the compression force is applied, and at the time of compression. An end face pressing portion 65 that abuts on the end face of the wood 12 and applies a compressive force in a direction substantially orthogonal to the thickness direction of the end face is provided.

  When the movable mold 63 is lowered from the state shown in FIG. 11, the protrusion 64 of the rubber mold 62 deforms itself from the central portion of the wood 12 to the periphery of the region of the wood 12. The wood 12 is deformed while gradually spreading to the part. When the central portion of the lower surface of the wood 12 comes into contact with the concave portion 42, a compressive force starts to be applied in the thickness direction of the central portion, and the thickness starts to decrease. Thereafter, as the lower surface of the timber 12 in contact with the recess 42 gradually spreads to the peripheral edge, the region where the compressive force acts is also spread. At this time, the end surface pressing portion 65 continues to apply a compressive force to the end surface of the wood 12 as described above. Finally, the lower surface of the wood 12 is completely in contact with the recess 42 of the mold 41 and is compressed until it has the same cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. The subsequent steps (including the shaping step) are the same as in the above embodiment.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described so far, but the present invention should not be limited only by the above-described embodiment. For example, instead of using a rubber mold which is an elastic body as a woodworking mold, a mold made of a viscoelastic body containing a more general polymer gel may be used. That is, a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity may be applied as a material of a portion of the wood processing form that contacts the wood to be processed.

  Thus, the present invention can include various embodiments and the like not described herein, and various design changes and the like can be made without departing from the technical idea specified by the claims. It is possible to apply.

  A compressed wood product formed by a wood processing method, a wood processing formwork, and a processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a digital camera, a mobile phone, a portable communication terminal such as a PHS or PDA, a portable audio device, an IC recorder, It can be applied as exterior materials for portable televisions, portable radios, remote controls for various home appliances, digital video, and the like.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the compression wooden product formed by the processing method of the timber which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the timber shape | molded from the solid material. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the condition which shapes wood from solid wood. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the formwork for wood processing which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and the principal part of a processing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which clamped the timber with the formwork and metal mold | die for wood processing. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in the middle of the deformation | transformation of the timber in a compression process. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the deformation | transformation of wood was completed in the compression process. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the outline | summary of the shaping process of the processing method of the wood which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the formwork for wood processing which concerns on the modification of one embodiment of this invention, and the principal part of a processing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compression wood product 1a Main board part 1b, 1c Side board part 10 Solid wood 10G Wood grain 11,12 Wood 11a Outer side surface 11b Inner side surface 11c End surface 31, 61 Formwork (formwork for wood processing)
32, 62 Rubber mold 33, 63 Movable mold 34, 64 Projection part 35, 65 End face pressing part 41 Mold 42 Recess 43 Edge edge 51 Shaping mold 52 Convex part

Claims (5)

A wood processing method for processing the wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape by applying a compressive force to the wood,
A method for processing wood, comprising: a compressing step of compressing the wood while gradually expanding a region where the compressive force acts from a central portion to a peripheral portion of the wood. The compression step includes
The portion that abuts on the surface of the wood is applied with the compressive force by sandwiching the wood between a woodworking mold made of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity and a predetermined mold. The method for processing wood according to claim 1.   The wood processing method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a shaping step of shaping the shape of the wood compressed in the compression step into the three-dimensional shape. A wood processing formwork for processing the wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape by sandwiching the wood with a predetermined mold and applying a compression force,
A projecting portion that abuts on any surface of the wood during compression and applies a compressive force to the wood while gradually expanding the abutting region from a central portion to a peripheral portion of the surface;
An end face pressing portion that abuts against the end face of the wood during compression and applies a compressive force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end face;
With
The projecting part and the end face pressing part are made of a material having at least one of the properties of viscosity and elasticity. A woodworking mold according to claim 4;
A mold for sandwiching the wood between the wood processing formwork and applying a compressive force;
A processing apparatus comprising:

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